Article(id=1193543216088707599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1193543214067056904, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1721491200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-21, revisedDate=1727107200000, revisedDateStr=2024-09-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762492477675, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1742400000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762492477675, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762492477675, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762492477675, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193543214067056904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2025', volume='58', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='157', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762492477194, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762498203949, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193567233872982429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1193543214067056904, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193567233872982430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1193543214067056904, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=60, endPage=69, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193543216298422802, articleId=1193543216088707599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Comparative research of conductive carbon black structure and application in high-voltage semi-conductive shielding materials, columnId=1193543215723806988, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Special Issue on Advanced Cable Insulation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The aggregate structure, microcrystalline structure, and surface chemical properties of domestically developed conductive carbon black (CB) were compared with that of international commercial products, and the comprehensive performance of semi-conductive shielding materials prepared by filling CB were studied. The results show that the domestic CB exhibits comparable aggregate structures, microcrystalline dimensions, and carbon content with the imported CB, while the domestic CB contains 0.51% of sulfur elements and demonstrates lower particle size uniformity, alongside a significant variance in the content of various surface functional groups. The semi-conductive shielding material prepared with domestic CB achieves equivalent electrical and mechanical performance to that prepared with imported CB, but its surface smoothness is inferior, which does not meet the industry requirements. It is concluded that the uniformity of particle size, contents of surface functional groups, and the sulfur content are important research direction for structural optimization and performance improvement of domestic conductive carbon black, and surface smoothness is a significant research focus for the development of domestic high-voltage semi-conductive shielding materials.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xin YU, Zhixing WANG, Yuhui CHEN, Xiangyang PENG, Shihu YU, Lichuan JIA), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193543969117270171, articleId=1193543216088707599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=CN, title=高压半导电屏蔽料导电炭黑结构与应用对比研究, columnId=1193543215866413327, journalTitle=绝缘材料, columnName=先进电缆绝缘专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文对比研究了国内新型研发的高品质导电炭黑(CB)与国外主流高压半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑的聚集体结构、微晶结构和表面化学性质,并研究了以导电炭黑为填料制备的半导电屏蔽料的综合性能。结果表明:国内外导电炭黑的聚集体形态、微晶相似,碳元素含量水平相近,但国产导电炭黑含有0.51%的硫元素,并且粒径均匀性更差,各类表面官能团含量与国外产品有明显差别。相比于国外产品制备的半导电屏蔽料,国产导电炭黑制备的半导电屏蔽料导电性能和力学性能与之持平,但表面光滑度较差且未能满足行业相关要求。因此,粒径均匀度、表面官能团含量、硫元素含量是后续国产导电炭黑结构优化与性能提升的重要方向,表面光洁度是国产高压半导电屏蔽料的重要攻关方向。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=JOiq7XSv/hBXX4Dj2H6DTw==, magXml=Mg2/yWTKvzi29wvwfyJTyg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=LgO6i/GJEqripXw/NViGrQ==, pdfFileSize=13663237, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=mZWoaYHFn+CgTUOI3kxb4g==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=jHCevkoBrEtuxX5VWbd2hA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

余欣(1989-),女(汉族),陕西汉中人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事电力电缆运行分析及绝缘诊断、新型绿色电工材料及装备等方面的研究。

, authorsList=余欣, 王智星, 陈宇慧, 彭向阳, 于是乎, 贾利川)}, authors=[Author(id=1195077083857686566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1195077083933184041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077083857686566, language=EN, stringName=Xin YU, firstName=Xin, middleName=null, lastName=YU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1195077083987709994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077083857686566, language=CN, stringName=余欣, firstName=欣, middleName=null, lastName=余, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062, bio={"content":"

余欣(1989-),女(汉族),陕西汉中人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事电力电缆运行分析及绝缘诊断、新型绿色电工材料及装备等方面的研究。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

余欣(1989-),女(汉族),陕西汉中人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事电力电缆运行分析及绝缘诊断、新型绿色电工材料及装备等方面的研究。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1195077083614416926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083631194143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083639582752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062)])]), Author(id=1195077084063207468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084130316334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084063207468, language=EN, stringName=Zhixing WANG, firstName=Zhixing, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084193230895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084063207468, language=CN, stringName=王智星, firstName=智星, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1195077083698303009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083710885922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083698303009, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083719274531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083698303009, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065)])]), Author(id=1195077084264534065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084331642931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084264534065, language=EN, stringName=Yuhui CHEN, firstName=Yuhui, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084390363188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084264534065, language=CN, stringName=陈宇慧, firstName=宇慧, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1195077083614416926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083631194143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083639582752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062)])]), Author(id=1195077084444889142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084520386616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084444889142, language=EN, stringName=Xiangyang PENG, firstName=Xiangyang, middleName=null, lastName=PENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084574912569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084444889142, language=CN, stringName=彭向阳, firstName=向阳, middleName=null, lastName=彭, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1195077083614416926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083631194143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083639582752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062)])]), Author(id=1195077084654604347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084730101821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084654604347, language=EN, stringName=Shihu YU, firstName=Shihu, middleName=null, lastName=YU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084801404990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084654604347, language=CN, stringName=于是乎, firstName=是乎, middleName=null, lastName=于, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1195077083614416926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083631194143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083639582752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062)])]), Author(id=1195077084860125248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1195077084956594242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084860125248, language=EN, stringName=Lichuan JIA, firstName=Lichuan, middleName=null, lastName=JIA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1195077085019508803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, authorId=1195077084860125248, language=CN, stringName=贾利川, firstName=利川, middleName=null, lastName=贾, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1195077083698303009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083710885922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083698303009, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083719274531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083698303009, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1195077085149532228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=high-voltage cable), Keyword(id=1195077085204058181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=semi-conductive shielding material), Keyword(id=1195077085262778438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=conductive carbon black), Keyword(id=1195077085338275911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=microstructure), Keyword(id=1195077085405384776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=application performance), Keyword(id=1195077085455716425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=高压电缆), Keyword(id=1195077085510242378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=半导电屏蔽料), Keyword(id=1195077085577351243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=导电炭黑), Keyword(id=1195077085636071500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=微观结构), Keyword(id=1195077085719957581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=应用性能)], refs=[Reference(id=1195077088282677359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=57, issue=9, pageStart=37, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=常柏源, 张梦琪, 姚崇, journalName=绝缘材料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=常柏源,张梦琪,姚崇,等.国产与进口基料热塑性聚乙烯基电缆绝缘料性能对比研究[J].绝缘材料,2024,57(9):37-46., articleTitle=国产与进口基料热塑性聚乙烯基电缆绝缘料性能对比研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088337203312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=57, issue=9, pageStart=37, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=CHANG Baiyuan, ZHANG Mengqi, YAO Chong, journalName=Insulating Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference= CHANG Baiyuan, ZHANG Mengqi, YAO Chong, et al. Comparative study on performance of thermoplastic polyethylene-based cable insulating materials with domestic and imported base materials[J]. Insulating Materials,2024,57(9):37-46., articleTitle=Comparative study on performance of thermoplastic polyethylene-based cable insulating materials with domestic and imported base materials, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088391729265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=96, pageEnd=102, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=余欣, 钱艺华, 张英, journalName=广东电力, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余欣,钱艺华,张英,等.电缆终端内绝缘带与绝缘油相容性试验研究[J].广东电力,2020,33(3):96-102., articleTitle=电缆终端内绝缘带与绝缘油相容性试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088446255218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=96, pageEnd=102, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=YU Xin, QIAN Yihua, ZHANG Ying, journalName=Guangdong Electric Power, refType=null, unstructuredReference= YU Xin, QIAN Yihua, ZHANG Ying, et al. Compatibility test between insulation belt and insulation oil in cable terminal[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2020,33(3):96-102., articleTitle=Compatibility test between insulation belt and insulation oil in cable terminal, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088509169779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=4, pageStart=49, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=黄振, 汪政, 彭向阳, journalName=广东电力, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄振,汪政,彭向阳,等.粤东地区500 kV线路污闪原因分析及防治对策[J].广东电力,2023,36(4):49-56., articleTitle=粤东地区500 kV线路污闪原因分析及防治对策, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088563695732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=4, pageStart=49, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=HUANG Zhen, WANG Zheng, PENG Xiangyang, journalName=Guangdong Electric Power, refType=null, unstructuredReference= HUANG Zhen, WANG Zheng, PENG Xiangyang, et al. Cause analysis and prevention countermeasures for pollution flashover of 500 kV line in eastern guangdong power grid[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2023,36(4):49-56., articleTitle=Cause analysis and prevention countermeasures for pollution flashover of 500 kV line in eastern guangdong power grid, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088651776117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=49, issue=7, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=欧阳本红, 华明, 邓显波, journalName=绝缘材料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=欧阳本红,华明,邓显波.高压交联电缆材料及工艺发展综述[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(7):1-6., articleTitle=高压交联电缆材料及工艺发展综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088706302070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=49, issue=7, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=OUYANG Benhong, HUA Ming, DENG Xianbo, journalName=Insulating Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference= OUYANG Benhong, HUA Ming, DENG Xianbo, et al. A review about development of HV XLPE cable materials and processes[J]. Insulating Materials,2016,49(7):1-6., articleTitle=A review about development of HV XLPE cable materials and processes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088773410935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=57, issue=4, pageStart=13, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=邱玮, 章宇聪, 谢亿, journalName=绝缘材料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邱玮,章宇聪,谢亿,等.高压XLPE电缆缓冲层缺陷研究现状综述[J].绝缘材料,2024,57(4):13-21., articleTitle=高压XLPE电缆缓冲层缺陷研究现状综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088840519800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=57, issue=4, pageStart=13, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=QIU Wei, ZHANG Yucong, XIE Yi, journalName=Insulating Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference= QIU Wei, ZHANG Yucong, XIE Yi, et al. Summary of research status on buffer layer defects in high voltage XLPE cables[J]. Insulating Materials,2024,57(4):13-21., articleTitle=Summary of research status on buffer layer defects in high voltage XLPE cables, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088903434361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=5, issue=4, pageStart=387, pageEnd=396, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=HUANG X Y, SUN B Y, YU C Y, journalName=High Voltage, refType=null, unstructuredReference= HUANG X Y, SUN B Y, YU C Y, et al. Highly conductive polymer nanocomposites for emerging high voltage power cable shields: experiment, simulation and applications[J]. High Voltage,2020,5(4):387-396., articleTitle=Highly conductive polymer nanocomposites for emerging high voltage power cable shields: experiment, simulation and applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077088962154618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=4, pageStart=1271, pageEnd=1285, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=11, authorNames=李国倡, 魏艳慧, 雷清泉, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李国倡,魏艳慧,雷清泉,等.高压电缆半导电屏蔽料关键问题及研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2022,42(4):1271-1285., articleTitle=高压电缆半导电屏蔽料关键问题及研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089025069179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=4, pageStart=1271, pageEnd=1285, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=LI Guochang, WEI Yanhui, LEI Qingquan, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference= LI Guochang, WEI Yanhui, LEI Qingquan, et al. Research pro-gress and path analysis of insulating materials used in HVDC cable[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2022,42(4):1271-1285., articleTitle=Research pro-gress and path analysis of insulating materials used in HVDC cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089113149564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=37, issue=9, pageStart=2341, pageEnd=2354, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=李忠磊, 赵宇彤, 韩涛, journalName=电工技术学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李忠磊,赵宇彤,韩涛,等.高压电缆半导电屏蔽料研究进展与展望[J].电工技术学报,2022,37(9):2341-2354., articleTitle=高压电缆半导电屏蔽料研究进展与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089180258429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=37, issue=9, pageStart=2341, pageEnd=2354, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=LI Zhonglei, ZHAO Yutong, HAN Tao, journalName=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference= LI Zhonglei, ZHAO Yutong, HAN Tao, et al. Research progress and prospect of semi-conductive screen composites for high-vol-tage cables[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2022,37(9):2341-2354., articleTitle=Research progress and prospect of semi-conductive screen composites for high-vol-tage cables, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089243172990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=56, issue=6, pageStart=34, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=徐曙, 张成巍, 张繁, journalName=绝缘材料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐曙,张成巍,张繁,等.半导电屏蔽材料对高压XLPE电缆绝缘电气性能的影响[J].绝缘材料,2023,56(6):34-39., articleTitle=半导电屏蔽材料对高压XLPE电缆绝缘电气性能的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089301893247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=56, issue=6, pageStart=34, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=XU Shu, ZHANG Chengwei, ZHANG Fan, journalName=Insulating Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference= XU Shu, ZHANG Chengwei, ZHANG Fan, et al. Influence of semiconductive shielding material on electrical properties of high voltage XLPE cable insulation[J]. Insulating Materials,2023,56(6):34-39., articleTitle=Influence of semiconductive shielding material on electrical properties of high voltage XLPE cable insulation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089373196416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=6, issue=5, pageStart=805, pageEnd=812, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=WEI Y H, LIU M, LI X C, journalName=High Voltage, refType=null, unstructuredReference= WEI Y H, LIU M, LI X C, et al. Effect of temperature on electric-thermal properties of semi-conductive screen layer and insulation layer for high-voltage cable[J]. High Voltage,2021,6(5):805-812., articleTitle=Effect of temperature on electric-thermal properties of semi-conductive screen layer and insulation layer for high-voltage cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089448693889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=5, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=WEI Y, HAN W, LI G, journalName=High Voltage, refType=null, unstructuredReference= WEI Y, HAN W, LI G, et al. Research progress of semi-conductive screen layer of HVDC cable[J]. High Voltage,2020,5(1):1-6., articleTitle=Research progress of semi-conductive screen layer of HVDC cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089536774274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=4, pageStart=58, pageEnd=64, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=19, authorNames=侯帅, 王智星, 展云鹏, journalName=炭素技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=侯帅,王智星,展云鹏,等.电力电缆半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑性能研究[J].炭素技术,2023,42(4):58-64., articleTitle=电力电缆半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑性能研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089612271747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=4, pageStart=58, pageEnd=64, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=20, authorNames=HOU Shuai, WANG Zhixing, ZHAN Yunpeng, journalName=Carbon Techniques, refType=null, unstructuredReference= HOU Shuai, WANG Zhixing, ZHAN Yunpeng, et al. Study on the properties of conductive carbon blacks of semi-conductive shielding material for power cables[J]. Carbon Techniques,2023,42(4):58-64., articleTitle=Study on the properties of conductive carbon blacks of semi-conductive shielding material for power cables, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089687769220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1992, volume=30, issue=5, pageStart=813, pageEnd=815, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=21, authorNames=DONNET J B, CUSTODERO E, journalName=Carbon, refType=null, unstructuredReference= DONNET J B, CUSTODERO E. Ordered structures observed by scanning tunnelling microscopy at atomic scale on carbon black surfaces[J]. Carbon,1992,30(5):813-815., articleTitle=Ordered structures observed by scanning tunnelling microscopy at atomic scale on carbon black surfaces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089767460997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=200, issue=null, pageStart=541, pageEnd=548, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=22, authorNames=ONO K, YANAKA M, TANAKA S, journalName=Chemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ONO K, YANAKA M, TANAKA S, et al. Influence of furnace temperature and residence time on configurations of carbon black[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,200:541-548., articleTitle=Influence of furnace temperature and residence time on configurations of carbon black, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089842958470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=260, issue=null, pageStart=124177, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=23, authorNames=NEFFATI R, BROKKEN-ZIJP J M C, journalName=Materials Chemistry and Physics, refType=null, unstructuredReference= NEFFATI R, BROKKEN-ZIJP J M C. Structure and porosity of conductive carbon blacks[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics,2021,260:124177., articleTitle=Structure and porosity of conductive carbon blacks, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089914261639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=27, issue=8, pageStart=295, pageEnd=300, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=24, authorNames=陈薄, 古忠涛, journalName=强激光与粒子束, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈薄,古忠涛.导电炭黑微观结构及其应用性能[J].强激光与粒子束,2015,27(8):295-300., articleTitle=导电炭黑微观结构及其应用性能, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077089985564808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=27, issue=8, pageStart=295, pageEnd=300, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=25, authorNames=CHEN Bo, GU Zhongtao, journalName=High Power Laser and Particle Beams, refType=null, unstructuredReference= CHEN Bo, GU Zhongtao. Microstructure and application of conductive carbon black[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2015,27(8):295-300., articleTitle=Microstructure and application of conductive carbon black, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090069450889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=219, issue=null, pageStart=118764, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=26, authorNames=KELESIDIS G A, PATRIZIA C, SOTIRIS E P, journalName=Carbon, refType=null, unstructuredReference= KELESIDIS G A, PATRIZIA C, SOTIRIS E P. Oxidation dynamics of soot or carbon black accounting for its core-shell structure and pore network[J]. Carbon,2024,219:118764., articleTitle=Oxidation dynamics of soot or carbon black accounting for its core-shell structure and pore network, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090136559754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=27, authorNames=肖英, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=肖英.炭黑的表面接枝改性及药物接枝的研究[D].成都:四川大学,2005., articleTitle=炭黑的表面接枝改性及药物接枝的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090203668619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=28, authorNames=XIAO Ying, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= XIAO Ying. Study on modifying by oxidation and graftting with antitumour medicines on carbon black surface[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan University,2005., articleTitle=Study on modifying by oxidation and graftting with antitumour medicines on carbon black surface, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090321109132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=29, authorNames=罗劲松, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=罗劲松.基于激光诱导石墨烯的压力传感器的制备及特性研究[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2021., articleTitle=基于激光诱导石墨烯的压力传感器的制备及特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090430161037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=30, authorNames=LUO Jinsong, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= LUO Jinsong. Fabrication and characterization of pressure sensor based on laser induced graphene[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2021., articleTitle=Fabrication and characterization of pressure sensor based on laser induced graphene, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090488881294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=114, issue=null, pageStart=749, pageEnd=755, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=31, authorNames=DEWA K, ONO K, MATSUKAWA Y, journalName=Carbon, refType=null, unstructuredReference= DEWA K, ONO K, MATSUKAWA Y, et al. Determining the structure of carbon black using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction[J]. Carbon,2017,114:749-755., articleTitle=Determining the structure of carbon black using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090555990159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=35, issue=11, pageStart=3503, pageEnd=3510, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=32, authorNames=刘丽, 郭蓉, 孙进, journalName=化工进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘丽,郭蓉,孙进,等.柴油加氢脱硫催化剂的研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(11):3503-3510., articleTitle=柴油加氢脱硫催化剂的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090618904720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=35, issue=11, pageStart=3503, pageEnd=3510, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=33, authorNames=LIU Li, GUO Rong, SUN Jin, journalName=Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, refType=null, unstructuredReference= LIU Li, GUO Rong, SUN Jin, et al. The research development of diesel hydrodesulfurization catalysts[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016,35(11):3503-3510., articleTitle=The research development of diesel hydrodesulfurization catalysts, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090690207889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=46, issue=5, pageStart=1625, pageEnd=1632, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=34, authorNames=孙博阳, 陈哲, 谢傲, journalName=高电压技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙博阳,陈哲,谢傲,等.高碳黑含量聚丙烯电力电缆屏蔽材料[J].高电压技术,2020,46(5):1625-1632., articleTitle=高碳黑含量聚丙烯电力电缆屏蔽材料, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090761511058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=46, issue=5, pageStart=1625, pageEnd=1632, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=35, authorNames=SUN Boyang, CHEN Zhe, XIE Ao, journalName=High Voltage Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference= SUN Boyang, CHEN Zhe, XIE Ao, et al. Highly filled polypropylene/carbon black screen materials for power cables[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2020,46(5):1625-1632., articleTitle=Highly filled polypropylene/carbon black screen materials for power cables, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090832814227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=7, issue=5, pageStart=968, pageEnd=981, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=36, authorNames=ZHOU M, WANG H, REN X, journalName=High Voltage, refType=null, unstructuredReference= ZHOU M, WANG H, REN X, et al. Investigation on effect of semiconducting screen on space charge behaviour of polypropy-lene‐based polymers for HVDC cables[J]. High Voltage,2022,7(5):968-981., articleTitle=Investigation on effect of semiconducting screen on space charge behaviour of polypropy-lene‐based polymers for HVDC cables, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090904117396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=37, authorNames=全国电线电缆标准化技术委员会, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=全国电线电缆标准化技术委员会. 额定电压220 kV(Um=252 kV)交联聚乙烯绝缘电力电缆及其附件 第2部分:电缆: GB/T 18890.2—2015[S].北京: 中国标准出版社,2016., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077090971226261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=38, authorNames=National Electrical Wire and Cable Standardization Technical Committee, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Electrical Wire and Cable Standardization Technical Committee. Power cables with cross-linked polyethylene insulation and their accessories for rated voltage of 220 kV (Um=252 kV)-part 2:power cables: GB/T 18890.2—2015[S]. Beijing: Standard Press of China,2016., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091046723734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=56, issue=2, pageStart=91, pageEnd=95, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=39, authorNames=徐曙, 章彬, 胡晨, journalName=绝缘材料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐曙,章彬,胡晨,等.XLPE绝缘高压电缆屏蔽料树脂关键性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2023,56(2):91-95., articleTitle=XLPE绝缘高压电缆屏蔽料树脂关键性能研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091122221207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=56, issue=2, pageStart=91, pageEnd=95, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=40, authorNames=XU Shu, ZHANG Bin, HU Chen, journalName=Insulating Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference= XU Shu, ZHANG Bin, HU Chen, et al. Research on key properties of XLPE insulated high voltage cable shielding resin[J]. Insulating Materials,2023,56(2):91-95., articleTitle=Research on key properties of XLPE insulated high voltage cable shielding resin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091193524376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=11, pageStart=4247, pageEnd=4255, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=41, authorNames=李盛涛, 王诗航, 杨柳青, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李盛涛,王诗航,杨柳青,等.高压电缆交联聚乙烯绝缘的关键性能与基础问题[J].中国电机工程学报,2022,42(11):4247-4255., articleTitle=高压电缆交联聚乙烯绝缘的关键性能与基础问题, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091256438937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=11, pageStart=4247, pageEnd=4255, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=42, authorNames=LI Shengtao, WANG Shihang, YANG Liuqing, journalName=Procee-dings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference= LI Shengtao, WANG Shihang, YANG Liuqing, et al. Important properties and fundamental issues of the crosslinked polyethy-lene insulating materials used in high-voltage cable[J]. Procee-dings of the CSEE,2022,42(11): 4247-4255., articleTitle=Important properties and fundamental issues of the crosslinked polyethy-lene insulating materials used in high-voltage cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091348713626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=8, issue=2, pageStart=239, pageEnd=250, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=43, authorNames=YANG J M, ZHANG R, YANG X, journalName=High Voltage, refType=null, unstructuredReference= YANG J M, ZHANG R, YANG X, et al. Optimisation method for carbon black distribution of polypropylene‐based semi‐conductive screen materials and its effect on charge emission behaviour at screen/insulation interface[J]. High Voltage,2022,8(2):239-250., articleTitle=Optimisation method for carbon black distribution of polypropylene‐based semi‐conductive screen materials and its effect on charge emission behaviour at screen/insulation interface, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091449376923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=29, issue=2, pageStart=519, pageEnd=525, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=44, authorNames=WEI Y H, LIU M Y, WANG Z C, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, refType=null, unstructuredReference= WEI Y H, LIU M Y, WANG Z C, et al. Effect of SrFe12O19 orientation in the inner semiconductive layer on charge accumulation characteristics of HVDC cable[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2022,29(2):519-525., articleTitle=Effect of SrFe12O19 orientation in the inner semiconductive layer on charge accumulation characteristics of HVDC cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091558428828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=7, issue=12, pageStart=125302, pageEnd=125309, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=45, authorNames=WANG T T, LI X J, LIU M Y, journalName=Materials Research Express, refType=null, unstructuredReference= WANG T T, LI X J, LIU M Y, et al. Influence of charge emission behaviors of semi-conductive screen layer on charge accumulation properties of insulation layer for HVDC cable[J]. Materials Research Express,2020,7(12):125302-125309., articleTitle=Influence of charge emission behaviors of semi-conductive screen layer on charge accumulation properties of insulation layer for HVDC cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091663286429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=32, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=46, authorNames=戴红兵, 涂必冬, 李维康, journalName=电线电缆, refType=null, unstructuredReference=戴红兵,涂必冬,李维康,等.220kV电缆用半导电屏蔽料的制备与性能研究[J].电线电缆,2017(5):32-34., articleTitle=220kV电缆用半导电屏蔽料的制备与性能研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091722006686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=32, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=47, authorNames=DAI Hongbing, TU Bidong, LI Weikang, journalName=Wire & Cable, refType=null, unstructuredReference= DAI Hongbing, TU Bidong, LI Weikang, et al. Preparation and properties of semi-conductive shielding compound for 220 kV power cable[J]. Wire & Cable,2017(5):32-34., articleTitle=Preparation and properties of semi-conductive shielding compound for 220 kV power cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091801698463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=12, pageStart=5011, pageEnd=5021, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=48, authorNames=贾利川, 曾剑峰, 侯帅, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=贾利川,曾剑峰,侯帅,等.高压电缆半导电屏蔽料双逾渗网络对电阻率稳定性影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2024,44(12):5011-5021., articleTitle=高压电缆半导电屏蔽料双逾渗网络对电阻率稳定性影响研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091864613024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=12, pageStart=5011, pageEnd=5021, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=49, authorNames=JIA Lichuan, ZENG Jianfeng, HOU Shuai, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference= JIA Lichuan, ZENG Jianfeng, HOU Shuai, et al. Study on the influence of double percolation network of semi-conductive screen materials on resistivity stability of high voltage cable[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2024,44(12):5011-5021., articleTitle=Study on the influence of double percolation network of semi-conductive screen materials on resistivity stability of high voltage cable, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077091927527585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=1222, pageEnd=1231, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=50, authorNames=侯帅, 傅明利, 黎小林, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=侯帅,傅明利,黎小林,等.加工助剂对高压电缆半导电屏蔽料性能影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2023,43(3):1222-1231., articleTitle=加工助剂对高压电缆半导电屏蔽料性能影响研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1195077092049162402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=1222, pageEnd=1231, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=51, authorNames=HOU Shuai, FU Mingli, LI Xiaolin, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference= HOU Shuai, FU Mingli, LI Xiaolin, et al. Effect of processing AIDS on performance of semi-conductive shielding materials for high voltage cable[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2023,43(3):1222-1231., articleTitle=Effect of processing AIDS on performance of semi-conductive shielding materials for high voltage cable, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1195077088140071022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, awardId=036100KK52210058(GDKJXM20210098), language=CN, fundingSource=南方电网公司科技项目(036100KK52210058(GDKJXM20210098)), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1195077083614416926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083631194143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083639582752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083614416926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062)]), AuthorCompany(id=1195077083698303009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083710885922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083698303009, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1195077083719274531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, companyId=1195077083698303009, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1195077085875146830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=SEM images of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=bpHnRJJzIbxOZIQoAVGxWg==, figureFileBig=3+OLH/yvvBX83AhH0R3LpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077085938061391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图1, caption=导电炭黑SEM图像, figureFileSmall=bpHnRJJzIbxOZIQoAVGxWg==, figureFileBig=3+OLH/yvvBX83AhH0R3LpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086005170256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=TEM images of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=uh8+8k4jKwtYKZa9I3mAAA==, figureFileBig=Af6nHQ5Jhu+9iDA9bEynPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086063890513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图2, caption=导电炭黑TEM图像, figureFileSmall=uh8+8k4jKwtYKZa9I3mAAA==, figureFileBig=Af6nHQ5Jhu+9iDA9bEynPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086151970898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Particle size distribution of primary particles of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=og5bbesU3hJNb5TMOENLOw==, figureFileBig=trBh4H47tmQ4Z50AlGUmBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086219079763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图3, caption=导电炭黑初级粒子粒径分布, figureFileSmall=og5bbesU3hJNb5TMOENLOw==, figureFileBig=trBh4H47tmQ4Z50AlGUmBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086273605716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Structure of primary particles and electron diffraction patterns of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=x4GpAzgkLllag5WkoOtNyw==, figureFileBig=XXrJNOyJks9iuwI69FvpCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086328131669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图4, caption=导电炭黑初级粒子结构及电子衍射花样, figureFileSmall=x4GpAzgkLllag5WkoOtNyw==, figureFileBig=XXrJNOyJks9iuwI69FvpCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086378463318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=XRD spectra of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=BeLVJVqcm5izxyRLon5OFw==, figureFileBig=6tck1XTftvWpLQIdbsndZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086428794967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图5, caption=导电炭黑XRD谱图, figureFileSmall=BeLVJVqcm5izxyRLon5OFw==, figureFileBig=6tck1XTftvWpLQIdbsndZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086483320920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Raman spectra of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=HFEJRsGohJ65kMNuVt7QXw==, figureFileBig=GsOGSvrNASblKXN/L16kXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086537846873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图6, caption=导电炭黑拉曼光谱图, figureFileSmall=HFEJRsGohJ65kMNuVt7QXw==, figureFileBig=GsOGSvrNASblKXN/L16kXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086596567130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=XPS spectra of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=F7RmXcHHWwsthYMxJhZu6w==, figureFileBig=xld8Ur2yWKCfyftJpJ9QTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086663675995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图7, caption=导电炭黑XPS全谱图, figureFileSmall=F7RmXcHHWwsthYMxJhZu6w==, figureFileBig=xld8Ur2yWKCfyftJpJ9QTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086734979164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Sulfur element peak bitmap of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=P+/88D3DZBacz8xFJla4VQ==, figureFileBig=cG/kLi/0upAApItA5nFS/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086793699421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图8, caption=导电炭黑S元素峰位图, figureFileSmall=P+/88D3DZBacz8xFJla4VQ==, figureFileBig=cG/kLi/0upAApItA5nFS/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086844031070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=FTIR spectra of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=qfjAD2ryfui+0ZoqHPz9Gw==, figureFileBig=v2+FlzMvsnTRlrlYRKEQ/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086898557023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图9, caption=导电炭黑FTIR谱图, figureFileSmall=qfjAD2ryfui+0ZoqHPz9Gw==, figureFileBig=v2+FlzMvsnTRlrlYRKEQ/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077086965665888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Peak-differentiaton-imitating of O element in conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=33Ejx8b53ntGwh9w+851wQ==, figureFileBig=S+JxkxbDu8Ar7tPBJdwybg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087028580449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图10, caption=导电炭黑的O元素分峰拟合, figureFileSmall=33Ejx8b53ntGwh9w+851wQ==, figureFileBig=S+JxkxbDu8Ar7tPBJdwybg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087154409570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Volume resistivity of semi-conductive shielding materials, figureFileSmall=+eRyIpimZyM0ha2H1CX3AQ==, figureFileBig=VOIm2mcU7wb91v4v57Syiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087221518435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图11, caption=半导电屏蔽料体积电阻率, figureFileSmall=+eRyIpimZyM0ha2H1CX3AQ==, figureFileBig=VOIm2mcU7wb91v4v57Syiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087280238692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Mechanical properties of semi-conductive screen materials, figureFileSmall=qwN3FdwbVvvIyO1IjFEuGA==, figureFileBig=gCFXDMh642YAcsSB6yxtmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087376707685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图12, caption=半导电屏蔽料力学性能, figureFileSmall=qwN3FdwbVvvIyO1IjFEuGA==, figureFileBig=gCFXDMh642YAcsSB6yxtmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087439622246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Surface smoothness of semi-conductive screen materials, figureFileSmall=pQ3FBSLd8TTk8kBv2jdezg==, figureFileBig=eU27SW0pgtTcTI3/qfEGVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087515119719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=图13, caption=半导电屏蔽料表面光滑度, figureFileSmall=pQ3FBSLd8TTk8kBv2jdezg==, figureFileBig=eU27SW0pgtTcTI3/qfEGVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1195077087611588712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Calculation results of microcrystalline structure parameters of conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
导电炭黑 层间距/nm 堆叠厚度/nm 堆叠层数 横向尺寸/nm
CB1# 0.359 1.346 4.753 3.600
CB2# 0.362 1.310 4.621 3.299
), ArticleFig(id=1195077087733223529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

导电炭黑微晶结构参数计算结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
导电炭黑 层间距/nm 堆叠厚度/nm 堆叠层数 横向尺寸/nm
CB1# 0.359 1.346 4.753 3.600
CB2# 0.362 1.310 4.621 3.299
), ArticleFig(id=1195077087817109610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Mass fraction of elements conductive carbon blacks, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 C O S
CB1# 97.46 2.54
CB2# 97.24 2.25 0.51
), ArticleFig(id=1195077087875829867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

导电炭黑中元素的质量分数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 C O S
CB1# 97.46 2.54
CB2# 97.24 2.25 0.51
), ArticleFig(id=1195077087938744428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Mass fraction of oxygen-containing functional groups in conductive carbon black, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 内酯基 羧基 酚羟基 羰基或醌基
CB1# 58.48 31.58 5.85 4.09
CB2# 51.81 39.38 5.70 3.11
), ArticleFig(id=1195077088005853293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1193543216088707599, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

导电炭黑各含氧官能团质量分数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 内酯基 羧基 酚羟基 羰基或醌基
CB1# 58.48 31.58 5.85 4.09
CB2# 51.81 39.38 5.70 3.11
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146437660891000859, delFlag=0, nameCn=绝缘材料, nameEn=Insulating Materials, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1009-9239, eissn=null, cn=45-1287/TM, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=CC BY-NC-ND, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=To3JhdgsOj1Q7eh5WnUN1g==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751261638140, updatedTime=1761735740591, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=I, firstLetterEn=I, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=To3JhdgsOj1Q7eh5WnUN1g==, picEn=O7zoVkJ9hJoi8iGUSQYTxg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369230903152828, language=CN, name=绝缘材料, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735740638, updatedTime=1761735740638, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://jyct.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorDN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://jyct.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorDN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://jyct.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorDN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369230945095869, language=EN, name=Insulating Materials, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735740648, updatedTime=1761735740648, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://jyct.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorDN/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://jyct.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorDN/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://jyct.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorDN/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149653034449285133, websiteList=[Website(id=1189939819993166814, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149653034449285133, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761633361099, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761633401425, updateBy=18614031015, name=绝缘材料-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=绝缘材料, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189940292275991527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761633473700, updateTime=1761633473700, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292250825700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761633473694, updateTime=1761633473694, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292301157354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761633473706, updateTime=1761633473706, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292238242787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/CN/file/pic?fileId=MyqZAHzZT6tMetr2hjDKLQ==, createTime=1761633473691, updateTime=1761633473691, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292322128876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761633473711, updateTime=1761633473711, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292267602918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761633473698, updateTime=1761633473698, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292309545963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761633473708, updateTime=1761633473708, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292259214309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761633473696, updateTime=1761633473696, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292284380136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761633473702, updateTime=1761633473702, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940292292768745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939819993166814, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761633473704, updateTime=1761633473704, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189939820060275680, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149653034449285133, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761633361115, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761633397117, updateBy=18614031015, name=绝缘材料-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Insulating Materials, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189940323548722161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761633481156, updateTime=1761633481156, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323519362030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761633481149, updateTime=1761633481149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323569693684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761633481161, updateTime=1761633481161, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323506779117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/EN/file/pic?fileId=MyqZAHzZT6tMetr2hjDKLQ==, createTime=1761633481146, updateTime=1761633481146, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323586470902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761633481165, updateTime=1761633481165, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323540333552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761633481154, updateTime=1761633481154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323578082293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761633481163, updateTime=1761633481163, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323531944943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761633481152, updateTime=1761633481152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323557110770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761633481158, updateTime=1761633481158, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189940323565499379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189939820060275680, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761633481160, updateTime=1761633481160, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=绝缘材料, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.insulation.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Insulating Materials, journalPhotoCn=To3JhdgsOj1Q7eh5WnUN1g==, journalPhotoEn=O7zoVkJ9hJoi8iGUSQYTxg==, journalFirstLetter=I, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/CN/10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/EN/10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/CN/PDF/10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/EN/PDF/10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
高压半导电屏蔽料导电炭黑结构与应用对比研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
余欣 1 , 王智星 2 , 陈宇慧 1 , 彭向阳 1 , 于是乎 1 , 贾利川 2
绝缘材料 | 先进电缆绝缘专题 2025,58(3): 60-69
收起
收藏切换
绝缘材料 | 先进电缆绝缘专题 2025, 58(3): 60-69
高压半导电屏蔽料导电炭黑结构与应用对比研究
全屏
余欣1, 王智星2, 陈宇慧1, 彭向阳1, 于是乎1, 贾利川2
作者信息
  • 1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062
  • 2 四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065
  • 余欣(1989-),女(汉族),陕西汉中人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事电力电缆运行分析及绝缘诊断、新型绿色电工材料及装备等方面的研究。

Comparative research of conductive carbon black structure and application in high-voltage semi-conductive shielding materials
Xin YU1, Zhixing WANG2, Yuhui CHEN1, Xiangyang PENG1, Shihu YU1, Lichuan JIA2
Affiliations
  • 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Guangdong Power Grid Corp Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510062, China
  • 2 College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
出版时间: 2025-03-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007
文章导航
收藏切换

本文对比研究了国内新型研发的高品质导电炭黑(CB)与国外主流高压半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑的聚集体结构、微晶结构和表面化学性质,并研究了以导电炭黑为填料制备的半导电屏蔽料的综合性能。结果表明:国内外导电炭黑的聚集体形态、微晶相似,碳元素含量水平相近,但国产导电炭黑含有0.51%的硫元素,并且粒径均匀性更差,各类表面官能团含量与国外产品有明显差别。相比于国外产品制备的半导电屏蔽料,国产导电炭黑制备的半导电屏蔽料导电性能和力学性能与之持平,但表面光滑度较差且未能满足行业相关要求。因此,粒径均匀度、表面官能团含量、硫元素含量是后续国产导电炭黑结构优化与性能提升的重要方向,表面光洁度是国产高压半导电屏蔽料的重要攻关方向。

高压电缆  /  半导电屏蔽料  /  导电炭黑  /  微观结构  /  应用性能

The aggregate structure, microcrystalline structure, and surface chemical properties of domestically developed conductive carbon black (CB) were compared with that of international commercial products, and the comprehensive performance of semi-conductive shielding materials prepared by filling CB were studied. The results show that the domestic CB exhibits comparable aggregate structures, microcrystalline dimensions, and carbon content with the imported CB, while the domestic CB contains 0.51% of sulfur elements and demonstrates lower particle size uniformity, alongside a significant variance in the content of various surface functional groups. The semi-conductive shielding material prepared with domestic CB achieves equivalent electrical and mechanical performance to that prepared with imported CB, but its surface smoothness is inferior, which does not meet the industry requirements. It is concluded that the uniformity of particle size, contents of surface functional groups, and the sulfur content are important research direction for structural optimization and performance improvement of domestic conductive carbon black, and surface smoothness is a significant research focus for the development of domestic high-voltage semi-conductive shielding materials.

high-voltage cable  /  semi-conductive shielding material  /  conductive carbon black  /  microstructure  /  application performance
余欣, 王智星, 陈宇慧, 彭向阳, 于是乎, 贾利川. 高压半导电屏蔽料导电炭黑结构与应用对比研究. 绝缘材料, 2025 , 58 (3) : 60 -69 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007
Xin YU, Zhixing WANG, Yuhui CHEN, Xiangyang PENG, Shihu YU, Lichuan JIA. Comparative research of conductive carbon black structure and application in high-voltage semi-conductive shielding materials[J]. Insulating Materials, 2025 , 58 (3) : 60 -69 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007
随着城市电网和海上风电项目的加速建设,电力电缆产业面临着前所未有的发展机遇。近年来,高压电缆需求保持强劲增长[1-3],年新增超1.5万公里,年增幅超12%。虽然我国电力电缆产能和用量均居世界首位,但高压电缆关键原材料(绝缘料与半导电屏蔽料)的研发水平却严重滞后于电力电缆的发展水平[4-5]。半导电屏蔽料作为高压电缆不可或缺的关键原材料,具备消除导体与绝缘之间气隙、均化界面电场等重要功能[6]。然而,我国高压电缆半导电屏蔽料长期依赖进口[7-8],已成为电力电缆行业的突出短板。
近期,在国内相关企业攻关下,对高压电缆半导电屏蔽料的研究取得了显著的进展,有效缩短了与国外先进水平之间的差距。目前,高压电缆半导电屏蔽料正逐步商业化[6],但国内生产高压半导电屏蔽料的基础原材料(基体树脂和导电炭黑)依然依赖于国外进口,因此半导电屏蔽料基础原材料的国产化突破是当务之急。
半导电屏蔽料组分复杂,主要包括基体树脂、导电炭黑、交联剂、抗氧剂和加工助剂[9-11]。其中导电炭黑是一类特种炭黑,其电导率为10-1~10-2 S/cm,具有高比表面积、高热导率、低生产成本、高氧化稳定性和低密度等特点,可以赋予制品良好的导电或防静电的能力,广泛用于电缆屏蔽、动力电池、电子电器等领域。导电炭黑是决定半导电屏蔽料电学、力学、热学、加工性、表面光滑度等核心性能的关键所在,它在基体树脂中形成三维连通导电网络,为电子提供自由移动通道,从而赋予半导电屏蔽料均匀电场分布的功能。然而,高压电缆半导电屏蔽料的超光滑特性对导电炭黑结构与纯度提出了极高要求,我国导电炭黑生产技术和产品质量无法满足[12]。因此,自主研发出高品质导电炭黑是高压电缆半导电屏蔽料国产化过程中必须克服的重要技术挑战之一。
国外导电炭黑技术研究起步早,其中美国、日本和西欧的导电炭黑工业处于世界领先水平,同时国外研究者也对导电炭黑的结构特征进行了深入研究。J B DONNET等[13]利用扫描隧道显微镜揭示了导电炭黑表面的有序结构。K ONO等[14]研究了炭黑生产过程中炉温和停留时间对炭黑粒径及聚集体形态的影响。R NEFFATI等[15]利用扫描电子显微镜、氮吸附、核磁共振等技术分析了Printex XE2型导电炭黑和Ketjenblack EC600JD型导电炭黑的粒径、比表面积、孔隙结构等。而国内导电炭黑行业多为中小型企业,主要生产中低端导电炭黑,仅能达到中压电缆半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑的要求,对其生产的导电炭黑的本征结构与性质的研究也尚不充分,仅有少数报道。例如,陈薄等[16]对比了乙炔炭黑、副产炭黑和国产炉法导电炭黑的微观结构及其应用性能。
近年来,国内企业经过持续攻关,已开发出具备高压电缆半导电屏蔽料应用潜力的国产高品质导电炭黑。尽管其基本参数(DBP吸收值、吸碘值、灰分等)有较大提升,与国外高压电缆半导电屏蔽料用主流高品质导电炭黑达到相当水平,但其实际应用可行性尚未经过充分验证。更为重要的是,该款导电炭黑与国外高压电缆半导电屏蔽料用主流高品质导电炭黑相比,结构和应用性能的差异性不明确,致使高品质导电炭黑结构调控与技术优化方向尚不明确,这成为限制其品质进一步提升的主要瓶颈。
基于此,本研究选择国外高压电缆半导电屏蔽料用主流高品质导电炭黑,与国内最新试制、具有应用于高压电缆半导电屏蔽料潜力的国产导电炭黑进行结构与应用性能对比分析。旨在剖析国内外导电炭黑结构差异,并揭示半导电屏蔽料制品之间的性能差距,验证最新试制国产导电炭黑的应用效果,为国产导电炭黑结构调控与性能提升明确攻关方向和提供数据支撑,推动高压电缆半导电屏蔽料的全面国产化。
导电炭黑CB1#:国外高压电缆半导电屏蔽料用主流高品质导电炭黑,型号为VXC500,美国卡博特公司;导电炭黑CB2#:国内新试制、具有高压电缆半导电屏蔽料应用潜力的国产导电炭黑,型号为GY-220,山东联科科技股份有限公司。基体树脂:乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物(ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer,EBA),其中丙烯酸丁酯含量为18%,牌号为EBA PA-1770,西班牙国家石油公司。交联剂:双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯,广东翁江化学试剂有限公司。
首先对所有原料进行干燥处理,然后将35份导电炭黑、65份基础树脂、2份分散剂、0.5份抗氧剂混合均匀,将混合物熔融挤出,并剪切为粒料。最后将1份交联剂恒温雾化,使其被粒料完全吸附,得到高压电缆半导电屏蔽料制品。分别将以CB1#、CB2#为原料制备的半导电屏蔽料制品命名为SC1#、 SC2#
为进行电学、力学性能测试,将制品置于平板硫化机中进行180℃热处理,使其充分交联并形成完整板材。为进行表面光滑度测试,利用单螺杆挤出机模拟电缆挤出过程,制备未交联半导电屏蔽料带材。
使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM,Nova NanoSEM 450型,美国FEI公司)和透射电子显微镜(TEM,JEM-2100Plus型,日本电子公司)观察导电炭黑的聚集体结构(初级粒子粒径与纳米拓扑结构)。使用透射电子显微镜(TEM,JEM-2100Plus型,日本电子公司)、X射线衍射仪(XRD,Ultima IV型,日本Rigaku公司)和拉曼光谱仪(LabRAM HR型,法国HORIBA公司)分析导电炭黑晶体结构(晶面特性、晶粒尺寸、有序性)。使用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS,AXIS Ultra DLD型,英国Kratos公司)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR,Nicolet 6700型,美国Thermal Scientific公司)和元素分析仪(Vario EL Cube型,德国Elemental公司)分析导电炭黑表面化学性质(元素含量与化学官能团)。
使用电缆半导电层电阻测试装置(BDD-3型,嘉兴市凯博实验仪器有限公司)测试制品在23℃和90℃时的体积电阻率。使用电子万能试验机(5967型,美国INSTRON公司)测试制品的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。通过OCS杂质检测仪(SQA100型,德国OCS公司)检测面积为1 m2的半导电屏蔽料挤出带材的表面凸起情况。
导电炭黑的性能和应用效果由其结构特性决定。芳香烃片层表面的多种元素和化学官能团提供的表面化学性质直接决定导电炭黑与基体的相容性;芳香烃片层堆叠生成局部有序的石墨微晶,石墨微晶同心排列构成导电炭黑初级粒子;初级粒子进一步熔结和聚集,构成纳米级物理拓扑结构。
导电炭黑的聚集体结构特征包含单个导电炭黑颗粒的形态与尺寸分布,以及颗粒间通过物理与化学作用形成的聚集体结构特征。通常,导电炭黑以熔聚在一起的原生粒子聚结体(一次结构)的形态存在,并有聚集成更大的附聚体(二次结构)的趋势,导电炭黑聚集体结构是影响连通导电网络构筑的重要因素。图1是CB1#和CB2#的SEM图。从图1可以看出,两款导电炭黑聚集体结构没有明显差异。初级粒子均为纳米级球状,呈疏松多孔网状链堆积,并聚集形成较大的附聚体团块。
图2是两款导电炭黑的TEM图,图3是基于TEM图的CB1#和CB2#初级粒子粒径分布统计。从图2可以看出,CB1#和CB2#的初级粒子熔聚而彼此连接形成聚结体,具有丰富的支链结构,并且聚集体相互吸引而聚集成较大的附聚体[12]
图3可以看出,CB1#和CB2#的初级粒子粒径近似正态分布,CB1#和CB2#的粒径均主要分布在20~65 nm。CB1#和CB2#平均粒径相近,但相比于CB2#,CB1#粒径方差更小,表明CB1#粒径更为均匀。这种均匀的粒径分布有助于导电炭黑在基础树脂中良好分散,从而形成有效的连通导电网络。导电炭黑原料性质、生产反应条件、水淬急冷工艺等决定其初级粒子生长的机制和速率,进而影响导电炭黑初级粒子的尺寸和形状。
导电炭黑粒子在微观尺度上可视为碳原子统计聚合体,导电炭黑初级粒子结构及电子衍射花样如图4所示。从图4可以看出,CB1#和CB2#均呈现同心取向排列的准石墨结构,中心有一个典型尺寸(约为20 nm)的非晶核,周围同心定向的堆叠石墨微晶壳围绕着非晶核,整体呈现洋葱状的皮芯结构[17]。类石墨微晶层平面大致是平行等距的,同时存在扭曲和某一层插在某二层之间的无序堆积状态,这种排列状态称为“乱层结构”[18]。可以发现CB1#的石墨微晶壳明显更厚且更加有序,CB2#存在更多扭曲和层间插入的无序状态。此外,观察导电炭黑电子衍射花样可以看出,CB1#、CB2#均出现三个衍射环,经标定确定最明亮的衍射环对应(002)晶面,对应层间距均约为0.35 nm,另外两个衍射环分别对应(100)晶面、(110)晶面,对应层间距也基本相近,这表明国内外导电炭黑整体晶面特性相似。
导电炭黑的微晶结构主要由纳米级的石墨片层组成,其尺寸、排列方式和层数等都会影响导电炭黑的物理化学性质和应用效果,通过XRD分析国内外导电炭黑的微晶结构,结果如图5所示。从图5可以看出,CB1#、CB2#均在2θ=25°和2θ=43°附近分别出现了明显的(002)晶面和(100)晶面特征衍射峰,以及在2θ=78°附近出现了很弱的(110)晶面特征衍射峰。相比于石墨的(002)晶面和(100)晶面特征衍射峰,CB1#、CB2#衍射峰较宽,(002)晶面和(100)晶面反应微晶结构在a轴和c轴方向上生长。采用布拉格公式(式(1))和谢乐公式(式(2)~(3))分别计算微晶层间距(d)、堆叠厚度(L c)和横向尺寸(Lα),计算结果如表1所示。
2 d s i n θ = n λ
L c = K 1 λ / β c o s θ c
L a = K 2 λ / β c o s θ a
式(1)~(3)中:θ为布拉格衍射角;n为整数,导电炭黑应取1;λ为入射X射线波长,其值为1.540 6 Å;K 1K 2为常数,分别取0.89和1.84;β为衍射峰半高宽,以弧度为单位。
表1可以看出,两款导电炭黑微晶层间距差异极小,分别为0.359 nm和0.362 nm,略大于石墨的层间距0.334 nm。这可能是由于导电炭黑类石墨微晶的弯曲,以及相邻类石墨微晶的晶格失配导致层间距增加。CB1#和CB2#的微晶堆叠厚度与堆叠层数也基本相当,CB1#微晶横向尺寸略大于CB2#。以上说明两种导电炭黑的类石墨微晶与石墨片层构造相似,微晶结构相似。
拉曼光谱是一种无损的分析技术,可用于分析样品化学结构、相形态、结晶度以及分子相互作用等[19]图6是CB1#和CB2#的拉曼光谱图。从图6可以看出,两款导电炭黑的拉曼光谱图均在1 350 cm-1和1 590 cm-1附近分别出现由碳原子无序排列诱导所致的D峰和由芳香烃层间强耦合碳原子发生平面内滑移所致的G峰。
在拉曼光谱分析中,通常使用D峰与G峰的相对强度(峰面积)比(I D/I G)来表征碳材料有序程度,I D/I G越小,表明碳材料的有序程度越高。对CB1#和CB2#的拉曼光谱进行分峰处理,计算得到两种导电炭黑的I D/I G值分别为2.29和2.42,CB1#I D/I G值略低于CB2#,表明国外导电炭黑有序性略高。在炭黑材料中,对于晶粒横向尺寸L a<2 nm,I D/I GL a成反比关系[20],说明拉曼光谱分析结果与XRD分析所计算的晶粒尺寸大小相符。
总的来说,因为国内外两款导电炭黑均为炉法炭黑,所以其微晶结构总体差异较小,但国外导电炭黑石墨化程度和微晶有序程度略高于国产导电炭黑。这是因为导电炭黑微晶结构除了受生产方法影响外,还取决于原料种类、生产反应条件等,国外导电炭黑在反应过程中生成的石墨片层尺寸更大、排列更规整。
炭黑是由大量碳元素和少量结合在表面的氧、氢、硫元素组成的化合物。与橡胶用普通炭黑相比,高压电缆半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑需要极高的碳元素含量以确保良好的导电性。同时,导电炭黑也需要适量的表面含氧官能团以确保与基础树脂具有良好的界面相容性。此外,需要极高的纯净度以保证屏蔽-绝缘界面光滑性,且不宜含有对高压电缆导体具有腐蚀作用的硫元素。导电炭黑元素主要源于原料(如油和气),少量来自后处理过程(助剂或催化剂)。
采用XPS和元素分析仪测量CB1#和 CB2#的元素组成,并通过FTIR和XPS分峰拟合分析CB1#和CB2#含氧官能团的类型和含量。图7图8分别展示了CB1#和 CB2#的XPS全谱图和S元素峰位图,元素含量见表2。从图78可以看出,CB1#仅含有C、O两种元素峰,而CB2#除了C、O元素峰外,还观察到S元素峰的存在,这与元素分析结果(表2)一致。硫在导电炭黑中以多种形式存在,如单质硫、无机硫酸盐和有机硫合物。CB2#中的S元素应源于生产所使用的原料油,相比于国外高品质原料油,国内使用的原料油中S元素含量偏高。对原料油进行脱硫处理是降低国产导电炭黑硫含量行之有效的办法[21]。此外,CB1#和 CB2#的C元素含量水平相当,原料较高的芳烃含量、较高的热解温度和较长的热解时间有助于提高导电炭黑的碳含量。结合CB1#和CB2#具有相近微晶结构的结论,表明国内外导电炭黑的导电性处在相近水平。
导电炭黑表面的含氧官能团可以通过吸附、化学反应等方式与其他物质发生相互作用,因此决定着导电炭黑的表面性质和表面化学反应。虽然含氧官能团在一定程度上会影响导电炭黑的表面电子迁移,进而降低其导电性,但适量的表面含氧官能团的存在可改善导电炭黑与基础树脂的界面相容性,从而提高导电炭黑的分散均匀性。图9是国内外导电炭黑FTIR谱图。从图9可以看出,CB1#与CB2#的官能团种类并无差异,其主要官能团包括:位于3 600~3 200 cm-1的O-H伸缩峰,位于1 750~1 600 cm-1的C=O伸缩峰,位于1 440~1 395 cm-1的O-H弯曲峰,位于1 390~1 310 cm-1的C-H弯曲峰,位于1 225~1 050 cm-1的C-O伸缩峰。因此,CB1#和CB2#表面官能团主要包括内酯基、羧基、酚羟基、羰基和醌基等[18]
通过XPS分峰拟合,进一步分析两款导电炭黑各种含氧官能团的含量,结果如图10所示。根据图10中导电炭黑的O元素分峰拟合结果分别获得内酯基、羧基、酚羟基、羰基和醌基的质量分数,结果如表3所示。从表3可以看出,CB1#和CB2#含氧官能团均以内酯基和羧基为主,酚羟基、羰基或醌基的含量很低。相比于CB1#,CB2#的内酯基含量更低,羧基含量更高,酚羟基与羰基/醌基含量相当。含氧官能团的种类及其含量主要与原料种类和反应条件有关。当碳与氧在400℃时进行反应或者在室温下碳与氧化溶液接触,则生成酸性氧化物。这些酸性表面氧化物的热稳定性较差,在300~800℃的惰性气氛中或真空条件下热处理时便会分解,析出CO2和水蒸气[18]。碱性表面氧化物由导电炭黑在1 000℃的惰性气氛或空气中热处理后产生,而中性表面氧化物由碳表面上的不饱和烯烃的不可逆吸附形成。
为验证国内外导电炭黑在高压电缆半导电屏蔽料应用上的效果差异,采用相同配方体系和加工工艺,分别制备了基于国内外导电炭黑的高压电缆半导电屏蔽料,并对比其核心性能。
半导电屏蔽料需要具备优异的导电性能以实现半导电屏蔽层和导体线芯等电位,从而起到均化电场和抑制局部放电的功能,并减少损耗[22-23]。半导电屏蔽料的导电性能取决于导电炭黑的本征导电性及其在基础树脂中的分散性。通常选择23℃和90℃下的直流电阻率评价高压电缆半导电屏蔽料的导电性能,图11是SC1#和SC2#的体积电阻率。从图11可以看出,两款半导电屏蔽料在23℃和90℃下的电阻率均相近,并均表现出正温度系数效应。相同温度下,SC2#的体积电阻率略高于SC1#,可能是因为CB2#导电性或分散性略低于CB1#,从而形成的三维连通导电网络的电荷传输能力略低于CB1#。SC1#和SC2#均满足GB/T 18890.2—2015的要求,即220 kV高压电缆用半导电屏蔽料在室温下体积电阻率低于100 Ω·cm,在70℃(直流)或90℃(交流)工作温度下的体积电阻率低于350 Ω·cm[24]
高压电缆在制造、安装、运输、敷设、运行等环节对半导电屏蔽料的机械韧性提出了较高要求[25],因此,为确保电缆系统的稳定运行和安全性能,半导电屏蔽料须具备出色的力学性能。导电炭黑能在一定范围内增强半导电屏蔽料的机械强度,但导电炭黑过多或分散不好也会引起应力集中,导致电缆力学性能的下降。两款半导电屏蔽料的力学性能测试结果如图12所示。从图12可以看出,SC1#和SC2#的拉伸强度与断裂伸长率均较高且相近,表明CB1#和CB2#在基础树脂中的分散都较为均匀。相比于SC1#,SC2#的拉伸强度略高,断裂伸长率略低。SC1#和SC2#均满足GB/T 18890.2—2015对220 kV高压电缆用半导电屏蔽料的要求,即拉伸强度不低于12.0 MPa,断裂伸长率不低于150%[24]
半导电屏蔽层的表面光滑度是评价其性能的重要指标之一,是影响半导电屏蔽层对绝缘层电场的均化能力的重要因素,决定着电缆的电气性能和使用寿命。半导电屏蔽料中导电炭黑颗粒的存在导致其表面粗糙度发生变化,进而引发电场畸变[26-29]。依据GB/T 18890.2—2015,220 kV高压电缆半导电屏蔽层与绝缘层的界面应连续光滑,没有高度大于0.05 mm的微孔和凸起。半导电屏蔽料挤出带材表面光滑度越高,则三层共挤得到的屏蔽层-绝缘层缺陷越少[7-8,30-32]。半导电屏蔽料表面光滑度主要取决于导电炭黑纯净度及其在填料中的分散性。当导电炭黑分散不佳或受杂质(硬碳、铁屑、灰分等)影响,导电炭黑易形成较大的团聚体,从而使屏蔽层表面出现较大凸起。采用两款半导电屏蔽料制备的1 m2带材的表面光滑度如图13所示。从图13可以看出,SC1#表面光滑度更优,表面凸起数量更少,且高度均在50 μm以下,而SC2#存在少量高度大于50 μm的凸起。结合屏蔽材料的电学和力学性能表明SC1#与SC2#中导电炭黑的分散性相差不大,那么SC2#表面光洁度较差更可能归因于CB2#纯净度较低。
高压电缆半导电屏蔽料性能很大程度取决于导电炭黑的结构与性能。其中,导电性、分散性和洁净度是导电炭黑的关键性能指标,由导电炭黑结构所决定。半导电屏蔽料的导电性能依赖于其内部导电网络的连通性,而这受导电炭黑聚集体结构、本征导电性和分散性的影响:①粒径较小且支链发达的导电炭黑更易于形成有效的导电通路。②导电炭黑的本征导电性与微晶结构的完善程度密切相关,微晶结构越完善,本征导电性越强。国产导电炭黑相比国外导电炭黑,在石墨化程度和粒径均匀性上稍有不足,因此导电性较差。③导电炭黑的分散性主要受表面化学性质影响,国内外产品的氧含量基本相当,但在各含氧官能团含量上存在差异,影响其与基体树脂的界面相互作用,进而影响其在基体树脂中的分散性。此外,导电炭黑之间的范德华力也对导电炭黑分散性产生影响,支链越发达,导电炭黑间的距离越远,团聚作用越弱,越容易分散。
半导电屏蔽料的力学性能同样受到导电炭黑粒径、聚集体结构、表面化学性质和表面粗糙度等多种因素的影响。较小的粒径、适当的表面粗糙度以及较高的结构度使得导电炭黑具有更大的比表面积,从而提供更多与基础树脂分子链结合的位点,有助于提高导电炭黑与基体树脂分子链的有效相互作用。表面化学性质对导电炭黑与基体树脂的相互作用和分散状态有着重要影响,分散不良的导电炭黑容易形成团聚体,导致应力集中,从而严重影响材料的力学性能。国内外导电炭黑在这些结构参数上的差异不大,因此它们在半导电屏蔽材料的力学性能上也表现出相当的水平。尽管电性能、力学性能可在一定程度上反映导电炭黑的分散效果,但目前分散性仍缺乏直接评价手段。
导电炭黑分散性和洁净度直接影响半导电屏蔽料的表面光滑度,当导电炭黑分散不佳或受杂质影响时易形成较大的团聚体,从而导致半导电屏蔽料表面出现较大凸起,凸起处更易发生局部放电,最终可能导致电缆绝缘失效。此外,国外导电炭黑不含硫元素,而国内导电炭黑含有一定的硫元素,来源于生产所使用的重质原料油。除原料油外,导电炭黑的杂质还包括反应过程生成的硬碳以及后处理和运输过程中引入的杂质。明确国产导电炭黑与同电压等级进口导电炭黑在聚集体结构、微晶结构、表面化学性质、导电性能、力学性能、表面光滑度等方面的差异,能为导电炭黑国产化提供优化方向和理论支撑。
(1)国产导电炭黑初级粒子结构聚集体结构、平均粒径与国外产品相近,但粒径均匀性更差。国产导电炭黑晶体结构与国外产品相近,但石墨化程度和有序性较低。国产导电炭黑的碳元素含量、表面官能团种类与国外导电炭黑相近,但国产导电炭黑含有硫元素且各表面官能团含量与国外产品有明显差别。
(2)相比于国外导电炭黑制备的半导电屏蔽料,国产导电炭黑制备的半导电屏蔽料导电性能和力学性能与之持平,但表面光滑度较差。
(3)粒径均匀度、表面含氧官能团、硫元素含量是后续国产导电炭黑结构优化与性能提升的重要方向。
  • 南方电网公司科技项目(036100KK52210058(GDKJXM20210098))
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
常柏源,张梦琪,姚崇,等.国产与进口基料热塑性聚乙烯基电缆绝缘料性能对比研究[J].绝缘材料,2024,57(9):37-46.
CHANG Baiyuan, ZHANG Mengqi, YAO Chong, et al. Comparative study on performance of thermoplastic polyethylene-based cable insulating materials with domestic and imported base materials[J]. Insulating Materials,2024,57(9):37-46.
[2]
余欣,钱艺华,张英,等.电缆终端内绝缘带与绝缘油相容性试验研究[J].广东电力,2020,33(3):96-102.
YU Xin, QIAN Yihua, ZHANG Ying, et al. Compatibility test between insulation belt and insulation oil in cable terminal[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2020,33(3):96-102.
[3]
黄振,汪政,彭向阳,等.粤东地区500 kV线路污闪原因分析及防治对策[J].广东电力,2023,36(4):49-56.
HUANG Zhen, WANG Zheng, PENG Xiangyang, et al. Cause analysis and prevention countermeasures for pollution flashover of 500 kV line in eastern guangdong power grid[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2023,36(4):49-56.
[4]
欧阳本红,华明,邓显波.高压交联电缆材料及工艺发展综述[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(7):1-6.
OUYANG Benhong, HUA Ming, DENG Xianbo, et al. A review about development of HV XLPE cable materials and processes[J]. Insulating Materials,2016,49(7):1-6.
[5]
邱玮,章宇聪,谢亿,等.高压XLPE电缆缓冲层缺陷研究现状综述[J].绝缘材料,2024,57(4):13-21.
QIU Wei, ZHANG Yucong, XIE Yi, et al. Summary of research status on buffer layer defects in high voltage XLPE cables[J]. Insulating Materials,2024,57(4):13-21.
[6]
HUANG X Y, SUN B Y, YU C Y, et al. Highly conductive polymer nanocomposites for emerging high voltage power cable shields: experiment, simulation and applications[J]. High Voltage,2020,5(4):387-396.
[7]
李国倡,魏艳慧,雷清泉,等.高压电缆半导电屏蔽料关键问题及研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2022,42(4):1271-1285.
LI Guochang, WEI Yanhui, LEI Qingquan, et al. Research pro-gress and path analysis of insulating materials used in HVDC cable[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2022,42(4):1271-1285.
[8]
李忠磊,赵宇彤,韩涛,等.高压电缆半导电屏蔽料研究进展与展望[J].电工技术学报,2022,37(9):2341-2354.
LI Zhonglei, ZHAO Yutong, HAN Tao, et al. Research progress and prospect of semi-conductive screen composites for high-vol-tage cables[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2022,37(9):2341-2354.
[9]
徐曙,张成巍,张繁,等.半导电屏蔽材料对高压XLPE电缆绝缘电气性能的影响[J].绝缘材料,2023,56(6):34-39.
XU Shu, ZHANG Chengwei, ZHANG Fan, et al. Influence of semiconductive shielding material on electrical properties of high voltage XLPE cable insulation[J]. Insulating Materials,2023,56(6):34-39.
[10]
WEI Y H, LIU M, LI X C, et al. Effect of temperature on electric-thermal properties of semi-conductive screen layer and insulation layer for high-voltage cable[J]. High Voltage,2021,6(5):805-812.
[11]
WEI Y, HAN W, LI G, et al. Research progress of semi-conductive screen layer of HVDC cable[J]. High Voltage,2020,5(1):1-6.
[12]
侯帅,王智星,展云鹏,等.电力电缆半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑性能研究[J].炭素技术,2023,42(4):58-64.
HOU Shuai, WANG Zhixing, ZHAN Yunpeng, et al. Study on the properties of conductive carbon blacks of semi-conductive shielding material for power cables[J]. Carbon Techniques,2023,42(4):58-64.
[13]
DONNET J B, CUSTODERO E. Ordered structures observed by scanning tunnelling microscopy at atomic scale on carbon black surfaces[J]. Carbon,1992,30(5):813-815.
[14]
ONO K, YANAKA M, TANAKA S, et al. Influence of furnace temperature and residence time on configurations of carbon black[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,200:541-548.
[15]
NEFFATI R, BROKKEN-ZIJP J M C. Structure and porosity of conductive carbon blacks[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics,2021,260:124177.
[16]
陈薄,古忠涛.导电炭黑微观结构及其应用性能[J].强激光与粒子束,2015,27(8):295-300.
CHEN Bo, GU Zhongtao. Microstructure and application of conductive carbon black[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2015,27(8):295-300.
[17]
KELESIDIS G A, PATRIZIA C, SOTIRIS E P. Oxidation dynamics of soot or carbon black accounting for its core-shell structure and pore network[J]. Carbon,2024,219:118764.
[18]
肖英.炭黑的表面接枝改性及药物接枝的研究[D].成都:四川大学,2005.
XIAO Ying. Study on modifying by oxidation and graftting with antitumour medicines on carbon black surface[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan University,2005.
[19]
罗劲松.基于激光诱导石墨烯的压力传感器的制备及特性研究[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2021.
LUO Jinsong. Fabrication and characterization of pressure sensor based on laser induced graphene[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2021.
[20]
DEWA K, ONO K, MATSUKAWA Y, et al. Determining the structure of carbon black using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction[J]. Carbon,2017,114:749-755.
[21]
刘丽,郭蓉,孙进,等.柴油加氢脱硫催化剂的研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(11):3503-3510.
LIU Li, GUO Rong, SUN Jin, et al. The research development of diesel hydrodesulfurization catalysts[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016,35(11):3503-3510.
[22]
孙博阳,陈哲,谢傲,等.高碳黑含量聚丙烯电力电缆屏蔽材料[J].高电压技术,2020,46(5):1625-1632.
SUN Boyang, CHEN Zhe, XIE Ao, et al. Highly filled polypropylene/carbon black screen materials for power cables[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2020,46(5):1625-1632.
[23]
ZHOU M, WANG H, REN X, et al. Investigation on effect of semiconducting screen on space charge behaviour of polypropy-lene‐based polymers for HVDC cables[J]. High Voltage,2022,7(5):968-981.
[24]
全国电线电缆标准化技术委员会. 额定电压220 kV(Um=252 kV)交联聚乙烯绝缘电力电缆及其附件 第2部分:电缆: GB/T 18890.2—2015[S].北京: 中国标准出版社,2016.
National Electrical Wire and Cable Standardization Technical Committee. Power cables with cross-linked polyethylene insulation and their accessories for rated voltage of 220 kV (Um=252 kV)-part 2:power cables: GB/T 18890.2—2015[S]. Beijing: Standard Press of China,2016.
[25]
徐曙,章彬,胡晨,等.XLPE绝缘高压电缆屏蔽料树脂关键性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2023,56(2):91-95.
XU Shu, ZHANG Bin, HU Chen, et al. Research on key properties of XLPE insulated high voltage cable shielding resin[J]. Insulating Materials,2023,56(2):91-95.
[26]
李盛涛,王诗航,杨柳青,等.高压电缆交联聚乙烯绝缘的关键性能与基础问题[J].中国电机工程学报,2022,42(11):4247-4255.
LI Shengtao, WANG Shihang, YANG Liuqing, et al. Important properties and fundamental issues of the crosslinked polyethy-lene insulating materials used in high-voltage cable[J]. Procee-dings of the CSEE,2022,42(11): 4247-4255.
[27]
YANG J M, ZHANG R, YANG X, et al. Optimisation method for carbon black distribution of polypropylene‐based semi‐conductive screen materials and its effect on charge emission behaviour at screen/insulation interface[J]. High Voltage,2022,8(2):239-250.
[28]
WEI Y H, LIU M Y, WANG Z C, et al. Effect of SrFe12O19 orientation in the inner semiconductive layer on charge accumulation characteristics of HVDC cable[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2022,29(2):519-525.
[29]
WANG T T, LI X J, LIU M Y, et al. Influence of charge emission behaviors of semi-conductive screen layer on charge accumulation properties of insulation layer for HVDC cable[J]. Materials Research Express,2020,7(12):125302-125309.
[30]
戴红兵,涂必冬,李维康,等.220kV电缆用半导电屏蔽料的制备与性能研究[J].电线电缆,2017(5):32-34.
DAI Hongbing, TU Bidong, LI Weikang, et al. Preparation and properties of semi-conductive shielding compound for 220 kV power cable[J]. Wire & Cable,2017(5):32-34.
[31]
贾利川,曾剑峰,侯帅,等.高压电缆半导电屏蔽料双逾渗网络对电阻率稳定性影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2024,44(12):5011-5021.
JIA Lichuan, ZENG Jianfeng, HOU Shuai, et al. Study on the influence of double percolation network of semi-conductive screen materials on resistivity stability of high voltage cable[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2024,44(12):5011-5021.
[32]
侯帅,傅明利,黎小林,等.加工助剂对高压电缆半导电屏蔽料性能影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2023,43(3):1222-1231.
HOU Shuai, FU Mingli, LI Xiaolin, et al. Effect of processing AIDS on performance of semi-conductive shielding materials for high voltage cable[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2023,43(3):1222-1231.
2025年第58卷第3期
PDF下载
178
82
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007
  • 接收时间:2024-07-21
  • 首发时间:2025-11-07
  • 出版时间:2025-03-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-21
  • 修回日期:2024-09-24
基金
南方电网公司科技项目(036100KK52210058(GDKJXM20210098))
作者信息
    1 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 广东省电力装备可靠性企业重点实验室, 广东 广州 510062
    2 四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/CN/10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2025.03.007
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏