Article(id=1210577668773385159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210577662121209865, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1694534400000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-13, revisedDate=1699545600000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766553807680, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1724083200000, pubDateStr=2024-08-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766553807680, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766553807680, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766553807680, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210577662121209865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2024', volume='57', issue='8', pageStart='1', pageEnd='147', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766553806095, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766563971278, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210620298043454173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210577662121209865, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210620298043454174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210577662121209865, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=92, endPage=99, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210577669087957973, articleId=1210577668773385159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Optimized design on insulation structure of post insulators for AC GIS, columnId=1190369198472794288, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Insulation Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Post insulator is an important supporting component in gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear (GIS), its insulating properties affects the reliability and stability of GIS. Taking the post insulator for engineering GIS as research object, we selected the surface tangential electric field strength of the insulator as the insulating properties index, and analyzed the influence of the umbrella skirts number, starting position, root radius, top radius parameters of the insulator as well as the shrinkage umbrella skirt structure on the insulating properties. The results show that the tangential electric field of insulator shows wave peaks and troughs oscillation distribution by increasing the umbrella skirt number, which is conducive to hinder the development of insulator surface discharge. The maximum tangential electric field strength increases with the increase of umbrella skirts number, and decreases with the increase of the distance between the starting position of umbrella skirt and the high-voltage electrode. The location of the maximum tangential electric field value shifts with the radius at the base of umbrella skirt. Compared with the original structure, the maximum tangential electric field strength along the surface of optimized structure decreases from 12.66 kV/mm to 9.69 kV/mm, and the decrease rate is 23.5%. It is found that the insulation margin is more than 1.3 times through the negative lightning impulse voltage test and margin test.

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支柱绝缘子作为气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(GIS)中重要的支撑部件,其绝缘性能影响着GIS的可靠性和稳定性。本文以工程GIS用支柱绝缘子为研究对象,选取绝缘子表面切向电场强度作为绝缘性能指标,分析了绝缘子伞裙的数量、起始位置、根部半径、顶部半径参数以及收缩伞裙结构对绝缘性能的影响。结果表明:通过增设伞裙,绝缘子切向电场分布呈现波峰、波谷震荡,有利于阻碍绝缘子沿面放电的发展。最大切向电场强度随伞裙数增加而增大,随伞裙起始位置距高压电极距离增大而减小,其位置随伞裙根部半径变化发生转移。优化结构与原始结构相比,其沿面最大切向电场强度由12.66 kV/mm下降至9.69 kV/mm,降幅为23.5%,通过负极性雷电冲击考核及裕度试验,绝缘裕度高达1.3倍以上。

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刘超峰(1984-),男(汉族),河南商丘人,高级工程师,主要从事高压GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究;

朱传运(1985-),男(汉族),重庆人,高级工程师,主要从事GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究。

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刘超峰(1984-),男(汉族),河南商丘人,高级工程师,主要从事高压GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究;

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刘超峰(1984-),男(汉族),河南商丘人,高级工程师,主要从事高压GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究;

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朱传运(1985-),男(汉族),重庆人,高级工程师,主要从事GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究。

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朱传运(1985-),男(汉族),重庆人,高级工程师,主要从事GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究。

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Beijing: China Machine Press,2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1218111691934585007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210577668773385159, awardId=5500-202355794A-3-8-KJ, language=CN, fundingSource=国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5500-202355794A-3-8-KJ), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1218111680874206013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210577668773385159, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218111680890983230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210577668773385159, companyId=1218111680874206013, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Henan Pinggao Electric Co., Ltd., Pingdingshan 467001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218111680895177536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210577668773385159, companyId=1218111680874206013, 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原始结构无伞裙结构优化结构
爬电距离/mm217.6180.9199.8
切向电场/(kV/mm)12.668.729.69
), ArticleFig(id=1218111691754229929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210577668773385159, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

绝缘子最大切向电场强度对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原始结构无伞裙结构优化结构
爬电距离/mm217.6180.9199.8
切向电场/(kV/mm)12.668.729.69
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交流GIS用支柱绝缘子绝缘结构优化设计
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刘超峰 , 朱传运 , 李建彬 , 陈英 , 黄鑫 , 齐小虎 , 王永清 , 管健 , 金喜洋
绝缘材料 | 绝缘技术 2024,57(8): 92-99
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绝缘材料 | 绝缘技术 2024, 57(8): 92-99
交流GIS用支柱绝缘子绝缘结构优化设计
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刘超峰, 朱传运, 李建彬, 陈英, 黄鑫, 齐小虎, 王永清, 管健, 金喜洋
作者信息
  • 河南平高电气股份有限公司,河南 平顶山 467001
  • 刘超峰(1984-),男(汉族),河南商丘人,高级工程师,主要从事高压GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究;

    朱传运(1985-),男(汉族),重庆人,高级工程师,主要从事GIS及HGIS产品研发的研究。

Optimized design on insulation structure of post insulators for AC GIS
Chaofeng LIU, Chuanyun ZHU, Jianbin LI, Ying CHEN, Xin HUANG, Xiaohu QI, Yongqing WANG, Jian GUAN, Xiyang JIN
Affiliations
  • Henan Pinggao Electric Co., Ltd., Pingdingshan 467001, China
出版时间: 2024-08-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.011
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支柱绝缘子作为气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(GIS)中重要的支撑部件,其绝缘性能影响着GIS的可靠性和稳定性。本文以工程GIS用支柱绝缘子为研究对象,选取绝缘子表面切向电场强度作为绝缘性能指标,分析了绝缘子伞裙的数量、起始位置、根部半径、顶部半径参数以及收缩伞裙结构对绝缘性能的影响。结果表明:通过增设伞裙,绝缘子切向电场分布呈现波峰、波谷震荡,有利于阻碍绝缘子沿面放电的发展。最大切向电场强度随伞裙数增加而增大,随伞裙起始位置距高压电极距离增大而减小,其位置随伞裙根部半径变化发生转移。优化结构与原始结构相比,其沿面最大切向电场强度由12.66 kV/mm下降至9.69 kV/mm,降幅为23.5%,通过负极性雷电冲击考核及裕度试验,绝缘裕度高达1.3倍以上。

支柱绝缘子  /  切向电场强度  /  沿面放电  /  结构优化  /  雷电冲击电压

Post insulator is an important supporting component in gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear (GIS), its insulating properties affects the reliability and stability of GIS. Taking the post insulator for engineering GIS as research object, we selected the surface tangential electric field strength of the insulator as the insulating properties index, and analyzed the influence of the umbrella skirts number, starting position, root radius, top radius parameters of the insulator as well as the shrinkage umbrella skirt structure on the insulating properties. The results show that the tangential electric field of insulator shows wave peaks and troughs oscillation distribution by increasing the umbrella skirt number, which is conducive to hinder the development of insulator surface discharge. The maximum tangential electric field strength increases with the increase of umbrella skirts number, and decreases with the increase of the distance between the starting position of umbrella skirt and the high-voltage electrode. The location of the maximum tangential electric field value shifts with the radius at the base of umbrella skirt. Compared with the original structure, the maximum tangential electric field strength along the surface of optimized structure decreases from 12.66 kV/mm to 9.69 kV/mm, and the decrease rate is 23.5%. It is found that the insulation margin is more than 1.3 times through the negative lightning impulse voltage test and margin test.

post insulators  /  tangential electric field strength  /  surface flashover  /  structural optimization  /  lightning impulse voltage
刘超峰, 朱传运, 李建彬, 陈英, 黄鑫, 齐小虎, 王永清, 管健, 金喜洋. 交流GIS用支柱绝缘子绝缘结构优化设计. 绝缘材料, 2024 , 57 (8) : 92 -99 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.011
Chaofeng LIU, Chuanyun ZHU, Jianbin LI, Ying CHEN, Xin HUANG, Xiaohu QI, Yongqing WANG, Jian GUAN, Xiyang JIN. Optimized design on insulation structure of post insulators for AC GIS[J]. Insulating Materials, 2024 , 57 (8) : 92 -99 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.011
随着“碳达峰”、“碳中和”的逐步推进,我国对清洁能源的输送需求日益提升,对长距离、高电压等级的输电需求也日益增长[1-5]。气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(GIS)因其结构紧凑、可靠性高、维护工作量小、检修周期长、配置灵活等优点,在高压输变电系统中得到了广泛应用,已成为发输变电站中的关键设备[6-8]。根据国家“十四五”现代能源体系规划要求,在构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统背景下,开关设备厂家大力推进基于大容量开断、直流开断、低频开断以及高速开断等新技术GIS的同时,也在开发无氟环保或少氟GIS设备,以此助力电力装备向绿色、低碳、环保转型[9-12]。支柱绝缘子作为GIS设备中的重要支撑部件,是由环氧树脂和填料按一定比例混合,然后加入固化剂,进行真空脱气,最后将液体混合物倒入预热的铸型中,再进行两级凝固工艺制备而成,其结构的合理性、电场分布的均匀性对GIS设备绝缘性能起到重要作用[13-16]。因此,基于环氧树脂的支柱绝缘子沿面电场优化是GIS产品设计的重要课题[17-19]
绝缘子的电场优化设计主要通过建立有限元模型,优化结构的尺寸参数及介电分布,以提升绝缘子沿面耐电强度[20-22]。一方面,结构参数的优化通过改变绝缘子的型面来改善沿面切向电场分量和电极表面的电场模值,进而达到提高绝缘性能的目的。文献[23]采用自适应变异的粒子群算法,基于贝塞尔曲线的绝缘子表面轮廓描述方法,分析了绝缘子伞裙和金属嵌件的结构参数对性能的影响。文献[24]提出了盆式绝缘子的电气、力学性能综合优化方案以及基于遗传算法的结构参数优化方法,该研究在满足力学性能要求的前提下优化了电场。文献[25]利用智能优化算法对盆式绝缘子、高压屏蔽罩及中心连接件的形状进行了优化,改善了GIL内部电场局部过大的问题。另一方面,介电分布优化通过主动调整绝缘结构内的介电参数空间分布来实现电场调整,该方法为解决高电压等级GIS小型化提供了新思路、新手段[26-30]。文献[31]提出了一种层叠式介电功能梯度绝缘子的介电常数分布优化方法,可自适应调整每层材料的介电常数,获得优化后的介电常数分布。文献[32]提出的多层次综合优化策略能够最大程度地利用GIS盆式绝缘子的设计空间,实现几何形状与介电分布的综合优化效果。
当前针对绝缘子的研究,主要通过对结构进行优化设计来获得最小电场强度值,缺乏对绝缘子爬电距离、电场强度等影响因素的综合分析,且绝缘子的电场强度越小并不意味着其结构越优。本文首先针对具体电压等级交流GIS用支柱绝缘子,结合工程实际放电现象及电场仿真结果,分析其沿面放电的真实原因。其次,以该支柱绝缘子原始结构为基础,讨论不同伞裙起始位置、根部半径、顶部半径等关键物理结构参数对支柱绝缘子切向电场分布的影响。然后针对工程中改进的收缩伞裙结构支柱绝缘子,从爬电距离、最大切向电场强度等方面,阐述收缩伞裙结构不利于绝缘性能提高的原因。最终通过负极性雷电冲击考核和裕度试验,证明优化支柱绝缘子的绝缘可靠性,为交流GIS用支柱绝缘子的绝缘结构优化设计提供参考。
对某电压等级GIS产品的出厂耐压试验、现场交接试验及现场运行放电进行统计,发现支柱绝缘子放电特征主要为沿面贯穿性放电,如图1所示。从图1可以看出,放电位置始于支柱绝缘子高电位嵌件根部三交区处,有明显的放电圆点,在伞裙处则呈树枝状发展,放电止于支柱绝缘子低电位嵌件连接法兰处。放电后对支柱绝缘子进行X光探伤、外观检测,发现内部无气隙和杂质,表面无磕碰和划伤,可排除因零部件质量缺陷导致的放电。
采用有限元法建立该电压等级GIS用支柱绝缘子电场计算模型,整体结构如图2所示。从图2可以看出,壳体与下嵌件相连,高压导体与上嵌件相连并起到导通电流作用,高压导体与壳体间充入0.4 MPa的SF6气体。取支柱绝缘子环氧树脂材料和SF6的相对介电常数分别为4.95和1.002 4。选择网格类型为四面体,并采用自动划分网格功能,在绝缘子伞裙处加密网格,共划分478 134个网格。根据GB 7674—2020对产品绝缘试验的要求,高压导体及绝缘子上嵌件加载雷电冲击电压值,壳体和绝缘子下嵌件为零电位。
支柱绝缘子嵌件通常为内部电场集中处,冲击电压一般不会从此处引起绝缘破坏,更需要关注的是在工作电压长期作用下的绝缘可靠性。通过有限元计算,得到支柱绝缘子整体电场分布如图3所示。
图3(a)可以看出,最大电场强度为21.2 kV/mm,换算到工频相电压下的数值为2.91 kV/mm,满足小于闭锁气压0.33 MPa对应的判据值3.0 kV/mm[33]的条件,可以排除是因嵌件局部放电过大,加速绝缘老化引起的放电。支柱绝缘子的沿面放电取决于对雷电冲击能力的承受能力,需要控制绝缘件表面切向场强。由图3(b)(c)可知,支柱绝缘子表面合成电场强度及切向电场呈不均匀分布,在伞裙根部、顶部突变明显。其中,切向电场强度在伞裙起始位置突然增大到11.15 kV/mm,接近闭锁气压0.33 MPa对应的判据值11.20 kV/mm[33]。经伞裙顶部后断崖式跌落,于伞裙根部再次增大到12.66 kV/mm。随后回落又再次增大至11.61 kV/mm,后两处峰值已大于判据值,存在较高放电风险。基于上述分析,可从结构的角度进行支柱绝缘子电场强度的优化。
根据工程实践经验,影响绝缘子沿面放电除环氧树脂表面状态、电场分布及异物积聚等因素外,沿面爬电距离也是非常关键的因素之一。支柱绝缘子往往受制于母线管道空间,高、低位嵌件间的距离不能无限加大,因此多采用沿面增设伞裙的方式增加爬电距离。
图1所示的原结构支柱绝缘子由于增加了3个伞裙,沿面爬电距离较无伞裙结构提高了20.3%。根据原结构电场仿真结果,增加伞裙会导致切向电场突变,最大值已超过设计判据,朝着不利于提高沿面绝缘特性方向发展。因此,需在保证一定爬电距离的情况下充分降低绝缘子的最大电场强度。
支柱绝缘子切向电场分布随伞裙数N的变化如图4所示。
图4可知:①支柱绝缘子无伞裙时,切向电场呈一条光滑曲线分布,增加伞裙后呈现含波峰、波谷的形式震荡,并在伞裙根部处突增、顶部处突降,最小降至0.2 kV/mm,有效阻碍了绝缘子沿面放电的发展。②当伞裙数分别为2和3时,最大切向电场值分别为11.66 kV/mm、12.66 kV/mm,较无伞裙结构增大了33.7%、45.2%,超过设计判据,最大切向电场强度始终出现在第一个伞裙后的位置。③随着伞裙数的减少,伞裙起始位置、伞裙根部切向电场强度及突变幅度逐渐减小,当N=1时,切向电场分布在伞裙顶部发生大幅跌落,最大切向电场强度为8.87 kV/mm,与无伞裙结构的8.72 kV/mm电场强度基本相当。
由伞裙数量对电场的影响可知,当N=2时最大切向电场强度为11.66 kV/mm,接近设计判据值,因此本文以该伞群数量为基础,进一步分析伞裙物理结构参数对电场的影响。支柱绝缘子伞裙物理结构参数如图5所示。图5中,L为绝缘子伞裙起始位置距高压电极的距离,R1为绝缘子伞裙根部半径,R2为绝缘子伞裙顶部半径。
伞裙起始位置距高压电极的距离L由98 mm逐级递增到107 mm时,支柱绝缘子的切向电场分布如图6所示。由图6可知:①随着L增大,最大切向电场强度依次为11.66、11.03、10.85、10.44 kV/mm,呈逐渐减小的趋势,最大切向电场强度降幅为10.5%。②A、B、C的切向电场强度随L增大而减小,减小幅度ΔEC>ΔEB>ΔEA,即伞裙根部位置距离高压电极越远,切向电场强度减小幅度越大。B点切向电场强度始终高于A、C两点,即最大切向电场强度的位置不随L的改变而发生变化。③随着L增大,D、E两个位置的切向电场强度基本保持不变。
伞裙根部半径R1由5 mm逐渐增加到8 mm时,支柱绝缘子切向电场强度变化如图7所示。由图7可知:①随着伞裙根部半径R1增大,最大切向电场强度分别为11.66、10.62、10.68、10.62 kV/mm,呈现先减小再趋于稳定的趋势,最大切向电场强度降幅为8.9%。②A、B、C的切向电场强度变化各不相同,A点随R1增大而增大,当R1≥6 mm时趋于稳定;B点随R1增大而减小;C点受R1变化的影响较小。当R1≥6 mm时,B点的切向电场强度开始小于A点,即最大切向电场强度的位置随着R1的改变发生转移。③支柱绝缘子D点的切向电场强度随R1的增大基本保持不变;当R1≥6 mm时,E点的切向电场强度随R1增大而增大。
支柱绝缘子切向电场强度随伞裙顶部半径R2由4 mm增加至5 mm的变化如图8所示。从图8可以看出,随着R2的增大,伞裙根部的切向电场强度保持不变,伞裙顶部的切向电场强度会增大,使震荡曲线的波谷位置略微抬高。
工程实际运用中,支柱绝缘子除了起支撑导体的作用外,常作为传动扭杆用于隔离开关本体与操动构件。图9(a)所示的绝缘子因伞裙处清理困难,存在容易积灰尘、藏异物的隐患。为了消除扭杆传动的运行风险,取消了绝缘子的外凸式伞裙结构设计,在低电位嵌件端采用收缩伞裙的结构,如图9(b)所示。
收缩伞裙结构支柱绝缘子的切向电场分布如图10所示。由图10可知:①最大切向电场强度为10.07 kV/mm,相比无伞裙结构下的8.72 kV/mm增大15.4%,但相比原始伞裙结构下的12.66 kV/mm下降20.5%,电场分布改善明显。②切向电场分布保持着含波峰、波谷的震荡形式,与带伞裙结构电场分布不同的是,收缩伞裙起始位置的切向电场强度低于无伞裙结构的切向电场强度,其余波谷切向电场强度均高于无伞裙结构的切向电场强度,该规律与原结构切向电场分布规律完全相反,且震荡幅度大幅降低。③收缩伞裙结构的爬电距离较无伞裙结构没有增加反而减少,降低了3%,震荡曲线波谷所代表的切向电场距离离零轴较远,电场强度较大,对阻碍绝缘子沿面放电的发展作用小,不利于提高绝缘性能。
根据支柱绝缘子不同伞裙数量、起始位置、根部半径、顶部半径以及爬电距离对电场分布的综合影响,最终选择含两个伞裙的支柱绝缘子结构,并优化了伞裙所在的位置,如图11所示。
原始伞裙、无伞裙及优化伞裙3种支柱绝缘子结构的切向电场对比如图12表1所示。由图12表1可知:①优化结构较原结构沿面爬电距离下降了8.2%,但切向电场强度由12.66 kV/mm下降至9.69 kV/mm,降幅为23.5%,综合性能提升较多。②以无伞裙结构切向电场曲线为基准,优化结构的切向电场继续保持着向下的大幅值震荡,而向上震荡的幅值较小,即在未明显提高最大切向电场强度的情况下,仍然建立起振幅明显的震荡曲线,阻碍了绝缘子沿面放电发展。③在高、低位嵌件间距离有限制情况下,无伞裙结构最大切向电场强度虽然最小,但因爬电距离小,且无阻碍沿面放电发展的震荡曲线,绝缘性能并无优势。因此,无伞裙结构支柱绝缘子更加适合于空间结构无限制的工况。
将优化后的支柱绝缘子装入设计的试验装置内,对两组共6个支柱绝缘子进行雷电冲击试验,绝缘子安装位置与现场工况相同,如图13所示。
按GB 7674—2020中规定的雷电冲击电压值,优化伞裙结构的支柱绝缘子顺利通过正、负极各15次试验考核。在此基础上,按负极性雷电冲击电压值的5%逐步提高耐压值,绝缘裕度试验结果如图14所示。从图14可以看出,当耐压值逐步升高,绝缘子在1.35倍绝缘裕度试验中的第13次雷电冲击试验时发生了沿面贯穿性放电,试验结束。此外,虽然优化伞裙结构的支柱绝缘子沿面爬电距离下降了8.2%,但由于切向电场强度下降至9.69 kV/mm,绝缘裕度高达1.3倍以上,说明在支柱绝缘子沿面电场优化过程中,沿面爬电距离与伞裙结构参数对电场的影响有着此消彼长的关系,设计过程中需找到一个平衡点才能得到最优解,确保产品的安全性及经济性。
(1)支柱绝缘子增设伞裙后,切向电场强度呈含波峰、波谷的形式震荡,具体为在伞裙根部突增到极大值,顶部突降到极小值,这有利于阻碍绝缘子沿面放电的发展。
(2)最大切向电场强度随伞裙数的增加而增大,随伞裙根部半径变化而发生转移;随伞裙起始位置距高压电极距离增大而减小;伞裙根部距高压电极越远,切向电场强度减小幅度越大。
(3)收缩伞裙结构的支柱绝缘子,沿面爬电距离没有增加反而减小,切向电场分布虽然保持含波峰、波谷的形式震荡,但除了伞裙起始位置外,波谷部分的切向电场强度大多都高于无伞裙结构,震荡幅度低,不利于绝缘子绝缘性能提高。
(4)改进伞裙结构后的支柱绝缘子切向电场强度由优化前的12.66 kV/mm下降至9.69 kV/mm,降幅为23.5%,且绝缘裕度高达1.3倍以上,满足产品的安全运行需求。
  • 国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5500-202355794A-3-8-KJ)
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2024年第57卷第8期
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.011
  • 接收时间:2023-09-13
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2024-08-20
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-13
  • 修回日期:2023-11-10
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国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5500-202355794A-3-8-KJ)
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    河南平高电气股份有限公司,河南 平顶山 467001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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