Article(id=1210577664969142308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210577662121209865, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1703433600000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-25, revisedDate=1710086400000, revisedDateStr=2024-03-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766553806774, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1724083200000, pubDateStr=2024-08-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766553806774, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766553806774, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766553806774, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210577662121209865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2024', volume='57', issue='8', pageStart='1', pageEnd='147', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766553806095, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766563971278, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210620298043454173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210577662121209865, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210620298043454174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1210577662121209865, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=39, endPage=45, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210577665287909416, articleId=1210577664969142308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Study on performance improvement of boron nitride whisker/epoxy composite dielectric, columnId=1190369066675179686, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Material Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The "thermal expansion and contraction" behavior of the internal atoms in epoxy resin and the intrinsic issue of low thermal conductivity seriously restrict the application of epoxy resin in dry-type DC sleeve insulation. To address this, we introduced boron nitride whiskers with low thermal expansion coefficient into epoxy resin to prepare a new boron nitride whisker/epoxy (BNw/EP) composite dielectric, and its microstructure, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, electrical properties, thermal stability, and mechanical properties were tested and analyzed. The results show that within the temperature range of 20-100℃, the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite dielectric with 10% mass fraction of boron nitride whisker is reduced by 15% compared to pure epoxy resin, while the thermal conductivity increases to 0.28 W/(m·K), which is 33.33% higher than that of pure epoxy resin. In addition, its dielectric constant is below 5.28 and the dielectric loss is below 0.02 in the frequency range of 102-106 Hz, the volume resistivity is 1014 Ω·cm, and the tensile strength is maintained at about 49.5 MPa. This study proves that on the basis of ensuring the insulation, dielectric and mechanical properties of the composite dielectric be not damaged, filling the epoxy resin matrix with boron nitride whiskers can effectively reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the material and improve the thermal conductivity.

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环氧树脂内部原子的“热胀冷缩”行为及固有的低热导率问题,严重制约环氧树脂在干式直流套管绝缘中的应用。为此,本研究向环氧树脂中引入低热膨胀系数的氮化硼晶须,制备了新型氮化硼晶须/环氧(BNw/EP)复合电介质,并对复合电介质的微观结构、热膨胀系数、导热性能、电气性能、热稳定性、力学性能进行测试分析。结果表明:在20~100℃的温度范围内,氮化硼晶须质量分数为10%的复合电介质的热膨胀系数比纯环氧树脂降低了15%,同时热导率提升至0.28 W/(m·K),高于纯环氧树脂33.33%。此外,其介电常数在102~106 Hz频段内低于5.28,介质损耗因数低于0.02,且体积电阻率为1014 Ω·cm,拉伸强度保持在49.5 MPa左右。本研究证明了在环氧树脂基体中填充氮化硼晶须,可以保证复合电介质的绝缘、介电以及力学性能不受破坏的基础上,有效降低材料热膨胀系数,提高导热性能。

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任俊文(1987-),男(汉族),四川南充人,副研究员,研究方向为高电压与绝缘技术。
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宋阳(1985-),男(汉族),北京人,高级工程师,主要从事电力系统及继电保护方面的研究。

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宋阳(1985-),男(汉族),北京人,高级工程师,主要从事电力系统及继电保护方面的研究。

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宋阳(1985-),男(汉族),北京人,高级工程师,主要从事电力系统及继电保护方面的研究。

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样品热导率/(W/(m·K))热导率增长率/%
EP0.210
BN-2.5%0.239.52
BN-5.0%0.2519.04
BN-7.5%0.2623.81
BN-10.0%0.2833.33
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不同BNw/EP复合电介质的热导率及其增长率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品热导率/(W/(m·K))热导率增长率/%
EP0.210
BN-2.5%0.239.52
BN-5.0%0.2519.04
BN-7.5%0.2623.81
BN-10.0%0.2833.33
), ArticleFig(id=1218111691758424234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210577664969142308, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Glass transition temperature of pure epoxy and various composite dielectrics, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品Tg/℃
EP105.1
BN-2.5%97.6
BN-5.0%109.4
BN-7.5%105.6
BN-10.0%104.2
), ArticleFig(id=1218111691838116013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1210577664969142308, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

纯环氧与不同复合电介质的玻璃化转变温度

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样品Tg/℃
EP105.1
BN-2.5%97.6
BN-5.0%109.4
BN-7.5%105.6
BN-10.0%104.2
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氮化硼晶须/环氧复合电介质的性能提升研究
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宋阳 1 , 张豪峰 2 , 肖微 2 , 罗兵 2 , 滕富莉 3 , 郝予涛 4 , 任俊文 3
绝缘材料 | 材料研究 2024,57(8): 39-45
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绝缘材料 | 材料研究 2024, 57(8): 39-45
氮化硼晶须/环氧复合电介质的性能提升研究
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宋阳1, 张豪峰2, 肖微2, 罗兵2, 滕富莉3, 郝予涛4, 任俊文3
作者信息
  • 1南方电网超高压输电公司柳州局,广西 柳州 545006
  • 2南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司, 广东 广州 510670
  • 3四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065
  • 4西安交通大学 电气工程学院,陕西 西安 710049
  • 宋阳(1985-),男(汉族),北京人,高级工程师,主要从事电力系统及继电保护方面的研究。

通讯作者:

任俊文(1987-),男(汉族),四川南充人,副研究员,研究方向为高电压与绝缘技术。
Study on performance improvement of boron nitride whisker/epoxy composite dielectric
Yang SONG1, Haofeng ZHANG2, Wei XIAO2, Bing LUO2, Fuli TENG3, Yutao HAO4, Junwen REN3
Affiliations
  • 1Liuzhou Bureau of EHV Power Transmission Company, Liuzhou 545006, China
  • 2Southern Power Grid Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510670, China
  • 3College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
  • 4School of Electrical Engineering, Xi′an Jiaotong University, Xi′an 710049, China
出版时间: 2024-08-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.004
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环氧树脂内部原子的“热胀冷缩”行为及固有的低热导率问题,严重制约环氧树脂在干式直流套管绝缘中的应用。为此,本研究向环氧树脂中引入低热膨胀系数的氮化硼晶须,制备了新型氮化硼晶须/环氧(BNw/EP)复合电介质,并对复合电介质的微观结构、热膨胀系数、导热性能、电气性能、热稳定性、力学性能进行测试分析。结果表明:在20~100℃的温度范围内,氮化硼晶须质量分数为10%的复合电介质的热膨胀系数比纯环氧树脂降低了15%,同时热导率提升至0.28 W/(m·K),高于纯环氧树脂33.33%。此外,其介电常数在102~106 Hz频段内低于5.28,介质损耗因数低于0.02,且体积电阻率为1014 Ω·cm,拉伸强度保持在49.5 MPa左右。本研究证明了在环氧树脂基体中填充氮化硼晶须,可以保证复合电介质的绝缘、介电以及力学性能不受破坏的基础上,有效降低材料热膨胀系数,提高导热性能。

环氧树脂  /  氮化硼晶须  /  热膨胀系数  /  热导率  /  介电性能

The "thermal expansion and contraction" behavior of the internal atoms in epoxy resin and the intrinsic issue of low thermal conductivity seriously restrict the application of epoxy resin in dry-type DC sleeve insulation. To address this, we introduced boron nitride whiskers with low thermal expansion coefficient into epoxy resin to prepare a new boron nitride whisker/epoxy (BNw/EP) composite dielectric, and its microstructure, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, electrical properties, thermal stability, and mechanical properties were tested and analyzed. The results show that within the temperature range of 20-100℃, the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite dielectric with 10% mass fraction of boron nitride whisker is reduced by 15% compared to pure epoxy resin, while the thermal conductivity increases to 0.28 W/(m·K), which is 33.33% higher than that of pure epoxy resin. In addition, its dielectric constant is below 5.28 and the dielectric loss is below 0.02 in the frequency range of 102-106 Hz, the volume resistivity is 1014 Ω·cm, and the tensile strength is maintained at about 49.5 MPa. This study proves that on the basis of ensuring the insulation, dielectric and mechanical properties of the composite dielectric be not damaged, filling the epoxy resin matrix with boron nitride whiskers can effectively reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the material and improve the thermal conductivity.

epoxy resin  /  boron nitride whisker  /  thermal expansion property  /  thermal conductivity  /  dielectric property
宋阳, 张豪峰, 肖微, 罗兵, 滕富莉, 郝予涛, 任俊文. 氮化硼晶须/环氧复合电介质的性能提升研究. 绝缘材料, 2024 , 57 (8) : 39 -45 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.004
Yang SONG, Haofeng ZHANG, Wei XIAO, Bing LUO, Fuli TENG, Yutao HAO, Junwen REN. Study on performance improvement of boron nitride whisker/epoxy composite dielectric[J]. Insulating Materials, 2024 , 57 (8) : 39 -45 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.004
环氧树脂(EP)作为一种低分子量热固性聚合物,因具有优异的绝缘性能、力学性能、易加工特性,被广泛应用于电气设备中的绝缘材料[1-3]。然而,不同电气设备对所用的环氧树脂材料有着不同的性能要求。譬如,在干式直流套管芯体采用的环氧树脂/绝缘纸复合绝缘中要求环氧树脂具有较低的热膨胀系数与优异的导热特性。但在实际应用中,环氧树脂具有明显高于绝缘纸的热膨胀系数α(环氧树脂的α为60×10-6 K-1,绝缘纸的α为5×10-6~20×10-6 K-1),这极易导致复合绝缘在高低温循环过程中出现界面分层、整体开裂的现象,且环氧树脂热导率过低(0.21 W/(m·K))[4],难以及时消散芯体所产生的高密度热流,这将严重影响干式直流套管的安全稳定运行[5-6]。因此,为提高干式直流套管运行的可靠性,优化环氧树脂热膨胀系数与导热性能是十分有必要的。
在大量研究中通常采用改变环氧树脂化学与网络结构或掺入无机纳米颗粒来优化环氧树脂的性能。杨浩[7]发现在环氧树脂单体结构中引入联苯基团可以降低环氧树脂的热膨胀系数。然而,通过改变环氧树脂的化学与网络结构虽能在一定程度上降低其热膨胀系数,但由于环氧树脂本身稳定性较好,其热膨胀系数的降低效果有限,且环氧树脂结构的改变会导致其他性能发生不可控的变化。相反,通过掺杂无机纳米颗粒改性环氧树脂的方式因操作简单、条件可控而被广泛采用。LIU M X等[8]利用氰酸酯功能化的埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)作为填料制备了HNTs/环氧复合电介质。当HNTs的质量分数为12%时,复合材料的热膨胀系数比纯环氧树脂降低19.6%。然而,难以实现在降低热膨胀系数的同时提高其热导率。作为无机纳米颗粒的氮化硼(BN)因具有低的热膨胀系数(3.5×10-6 K-1)以及高的热导率(300 W/(m·K))[9],成为同时改善环氧树脂热膨胀系数和导热性能的理想填料。张艺子涵等[10]利用超支化聚合物改性的不同粒径氮化硼微球(GBN)作为导热填料制备了环氧树脂复合电介质。结果表明当GBN的质量分数为60%时,复合电介质的热膨胀系数相比于纯环氧材料降低了44.3%,同时热导率显著提高。HUANG X Y等[11]在环氧树脂中引入了多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷修饰的氮化硼纳米管(BNNTs),所制备的复合电介质的热膨胀系数与导热性能同样得到显著改善。
不同结构类型的氮化硼在优化环氧树脂性能方面发挥不同的作用。氮化硼晶须(BNw)作为一种单晶形态的高长径比纤维物质,同样具有低热膨胀性、高热导率、高强度、高绝缘等优异性能[12-13],但现有的研究中鲜有提及氮化硼晶须对环氧树脂性能的影响。因此,在本研究中选用氮化硼晶须作为纳米填料来改善环氧树脂的性能,并通过性能表征系统分析氮化硼晶须的引入对复合电介质性能的影响。
双酚A型环氧树脂E-51,环氧当量为192,南通星辰合成材料有限公司;氮化硼晶须:平均直径为 1 μm,秦皇岛一诺高新材料开发有限公司;甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐固化剂,南通星辰合成材料有限公司;2,4,6-三(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚促进剂,无锡市明日化工科技有限公司;丙酮、无水乙醇、异丙醇,均为分析纯,中国国药集团化学试剂北京有限公司。
采用超声波剥离器对氮化硼晶须进行预处理。将0.5 g氮化硼晶须分散在100 mL异丙醇中,在40 kHz、200 W的条件下超声处理5 h。然后将混合物离心并收集沉淀,即得到预处理的氮化硼晶须。最终将其置于60℃的真空烘箱中干燥72 h。
称取一定量已预处理的氮化硼晶须分散于50 mL的丙酮中,在40 kHz,100 W的条件下超声分散0.5 h,然后搅拌0.5 h获得分散均匀的混合物。再依次加入5 g环氧树脂、4 g固化剂和0.08 g促进剂,置于恒温加热磁力搅拌仪上在60℃条件下搅拌2 h,保证填料与基体充分混合,同时除去残留的丙酮。
将环氧混合体系倒入钢模中进行浇注,放入真空干燥箱中。在70℃下持续真空脱气1 h,80℃继续真空脱气1 h,以除去体系中的气泡。最后,将真空烘箱恢复至标准大气压,按120℃/2 h+130℃/2 h程序固化,待自然冷却后得到BNw/EP复合电介质。通过改变氮化硼晶须的含量,制备BNw质量分数分别为2.5%、5.0%、7.5%、10.0%的BNw/EP复合电介质,分别标记为BN-2.5%、BN-5.0%、BN-7.5%、BN-10.0%。其制备过程如图1所示。
采用JSM-7500F型场发射扫描电镜(SEM)对氮化硼晶须的微观形貌以及BNw/EP复合电介质的断面结构进行观察,观察前将复合电介质置于低温液氮中脆断。采用日本理学公司的Rigaku Ultima IV型X射线衍射仪(XRD)对预处理后的氮化硼晶须微观结构进行表征。测试条件为Cu-Kα辐射(λ=0.154 nm),扫描速度为5°/min。利用瞬态平面热源法(TPS),采用TPS-2500s型热常数分析仪测量环氧树脂、BNw/EP复合电介质的热导率。采用HP4194 A型阻抗分析仪测量环氧树脂、BNw/EP复合电介质在102~106 Hz频率范围内的介电响应谱,测试温度为25℃。采用Keithley 6517B型静电计测量环氧树脂、BNw/EP复合电介质的体积电阻率。采用DIL402C型热膨胀仪测量环氧树脂、BNw/EP复合电介质在N2气氛下、20~100℃范围内的热膨胀系数。采用TGA5500型高分辨率热重分析仪对环氧树脂、氮化硼晶须、BNw/EP复合电介质进行热失重测试,氮气气氛流速为20 mL/min,升温速率为10℃/min。采用TA Q2000型差示扫描量热仪测量环氧树脂、BNw/EP复合电介质的玻璃化转变温度。利用电子万能试验机测试环氧树脂、BNw/EP复合电介质的力学性能。按照ISO 527-4-1997的规定,将样品制作成总长度为150 mm、宽度为20 mm、厚度为3 mm的哑铃形状,拉伸速率为1 mm/min。
图2(a)为剥离前的氮化硼晶须SEM图,可以明显观察到未剥离的氮化硼晶须团聚严重,团聚的氮化硼晶须引入到环氧树脂中将不利于发挥氮化硼晶须性能的优势,需要对其进行进一步处理。图2(b)为超声处理后的氮化硼晶须SEM图,可以发现剥离后的氮化硼晶须团聚现象减弱,同时依旧保持其晶须状的结构。
预处理后的氮化硼晶须XRD图谱如图3所示,从图3可以看出,在26.7°处出现氮化硼特征峰(002),与文献[14]中所报道的相符,表明预处理后的氮化硼晶须在超声作用下其晶型结构没有遭受到明显破坏,仍保持完好。
氮化硼晶须的热失重分析曲线如图4所示。从图4可以看出,随着温度从30℃升至600℃,氮化硼晶须的失重率仅约为3%,说明其具有优异的热稳定性。
图5为纯环氧树脂的断面SEM图,从图5可以看出,环氧树脂的断面较为光滑,表现出脆性断裂的特征。图6为不同氮化硼晶须含量下BNw/EP复合电介质的断面SEM图。相比于环氧树脂,其断面较为粗糙,呈现出韧性断裂的特征。从图6(a)(b)中标注处可以明显看到氮化硼晶须很好地嵌入到环氧树脂基体中,无明显团聚现象,表现出良好的界面兼容性。但随着氮化硼晶须含量的进一步提高,如图6(c)(d)中标注处所示,复合电介质内部出现部分结构上的缺陷,这主要是由高填充含量下氮化硼晶须团聚造成的。
图7显示了不同氮化硼晶须含量下BNw/EP复合电介质的热膨胀特性。从图7可以看出,复合电介质的热膨胀程度随着温度的升高不断提升。引入氮化硼晶须后,复合电介质的热膨胀程度随氮化硼晶须含量的增加得到一定程度的抑制。
图8为不同BNw/EP复合电介质的平均热膨胀系数,从图8可以清晰地看到,随着氮化硼晶须含量的增多,复合电介质的热膨胀系数出现明显的下降趋势。纯环氧树脂的热膨胀系数为60.4×10-6 K-1,当氮化硼晶须含量达到10%时,复合电介质的热膨胀系数为51.3×10-6 K-1,降低了约15%。这归功于氮化硼晶须具有低的热膨胀性,且与环氧树脂的结合较好,能够限制环氧树脂内部分子链的热膨胀运动,从而有效降低复合电介质的热膨胀系数[15-16]
BNw/EP复合电介质的热导率及其热导率增长率测试结果如表1所示。纯环氧树脂因其结晶度低,声子散射严重,故热导率仅为0.21 W/(m·K)。当加入高热导率的氮化硼晶须后,随着其含量的增加,BNw/EP复合电介质的导热能力呈现出显著的增长。当氮化硼晶须含量达到10%时,复合电介质的热导率达到0.28 W/(m·K),相比于环氧树脂提高了33.33%。这主要源于高导热且高长径比的氮化硼晶须能够在环氧树脂内部搭建起良好的导热通道[17],其导热机理如图9所示。
图10为不同BNw/EP复合电介质的介电常数频谱图。从图10可以看出,在102~106 Hz频率范围内,纯环氧树脂的介电常数最大值约为5.06,随着氮化硼晶须含量的增加,复合电介质的介电常数也随之升高。这源于氮化硼晶须的掺杂使复合电介质内部形成有机-无机相界面,界面处易累积电荷而出现界面极化,导致介电常数升高[18]。然而,由于环氧基体与氮化硼晶须界面兼容性较强,两者之间的介电常数相近,故界面累积的电荷数有限,介电常数提升不多。当氮化硼晶须的质量分数为10%时,在整个频率范围内复合电介质的介电常数低于5.28,相比环氧树脂提高约4.2%,仍旧保持较低的介电常数。
图11为不同BNw/EP复合电介质的介质损耗频谱图。从图11可以发现,由于界面极化的引入,不同BNw/EP复合电介质的介质损耗因数在102~106 Hz测试范围内出现一定增长。同时,由于氮化硼晶须和环氧树脂均具有优异绝缘性能,能够有效阻挡载流子的传输,电导损耗可忽略不计[19]。即使当氮化硼晶须含量达到最高10%时,复合电介质在整个频率范围内的介质损耗因数仍均小于0.02,处于极低的水平。
图12为不同BNw/EP复合电介质的体积电阻率测试结果。从图12可以看出,不同氮化硼晶须含量下复合电介质的体积电阻率均高于1014 Ω·cm,显示出优异的绝缘性能。这主要源于氮化硼晶须自身是宽能级间隙的陶瓷材料,是载流子传输的有效屏障。因此,氮化硼晶须的引入不会改变环氧树脂本身的优异绝缘性能。
图13为不同BNw/EP复合电介质的热失重曲线。
图13可以看出,在350~500℃区间内,由于交联的环氧分子网络发生降解,环氧树脂出现明显的热失重。随着氮化硼晶须的引入,初始分解温度(热失重为5%时对应的分解温度)出现一定程度的下降,表明氮化硼晶须的引入对环氧树脂自身的热稳定性有一定的影响,但由于氮化硼晶须具有高的比热容和热导率,能够及时耗散更多的热量,复合电介质整体依旧保持着较高的热稳定性能[20]。这一结论也可以从玻璃化转变温度(Tg)的测试结果得出,如表2所示,纯环氧树脂的玻璃化转变温度约为105.1℃,不同氮化硼晶须含量的复合电介质与环氧树脂的玻璃化转变温度相差不大,表明BNw/EP复合电介质具有与环氧树脂相当的热稳定性能。
图14为不同BNw/EP复合电介质的拉伸强度测试结果。从图14可以发现,随着氮化硼晶须的引入,BNw/EP复合电介质的拉伸强度呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当氮化硼晶须含量为5%时,BNw/EP复合电介质的拉伸强度最高,达到65.8 MPa,高于纯环氧树脂的拉伸强度(52.5 MPa)。这主要源于氮化硼晶须自身具有的高强度以及高长径比特点,可在复合电介质断裂时有效吸收应力能量,提高复合电介质的拉伸强度。但随着氮化硼晶须含量的增加,氮化硼晶须自身的团聚会在复合电介质内部形成结构上的缺陷,如图6(c)(d)所示。作为力学上的薄弱点,缺陷的产生导致复合电介质的力学性能出现劣化[21]。但在本研究中,当氮化硼晶须含量为10%时,BNw/EP复合电介质的拉伸强度为49.5 MPa,虽与环氧树脂相比略有下降,但仍具有良好的力学性能。
(1)超声处理后氮化硼晶须能够在环氧树脂基体中均匀分散,且具有较为良好的有机-无机界面兼容性。
(2)氮化硼晶须可有效提高复合电介质的导热性能。当氮化硼晶须含量为10%时,环氧复合电介质的热导率达到0.28 W/(m·K),较纯环氧提升了约33.33%。同时,氮化硼晶须的引入对环氧树脂原有的优异热稳定性没有较大影响。
(3)宽能级间隙的氮化硼晶须未对复合电介质的介电和绝缘性能产生不利的影响。当氮化硼晶须含量为10%时,BNw/EP复合电介质的介电常数在102~106 Hz下始终低于5.28,介质损耗因数低于0.02,体积电阻率高于1014 Ω·cm。
(4)氮化硼晶须的引入能够有效抑制环氧树脂高热膨胀行为。当氮化硼晶须含量为10%时,复合电介质的热膨胀系数为51.3×10-6 K-1,与环氧树脂相比,降低了约15%。
(5)高强度与高长径比的氮化硼晶须在一定程度上可提高环氧树脂的力学性能。但高含量的引入,可造成缺陷的产生,进而会劣化复合电介质的力学性能。但在本研究中,当氮化硼晶须含量为10%时,BNw/EP复合电介质的拉伸强度为49.5 MPa,依旧保持较高的力学性能水平。
  • 国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U23B20132)
  • 四川省重点研发项目(2023YFG0236)
  • 电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(EIPE23210)
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2024.08.004
  • 接收时间:2023-12-25
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2024-08-20
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-25
  • 修回日期:2024-03-11
基金
国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U23B20132)
四川省重点研发项目(2023YFG0236)
电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(EIPE23210)
作者信息
    1南方电网超高压输电公司柳州局,广西 柳州 545006
    2南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司, 广东 广州 510670
    3四川大学 电气工程学院,四川 成都 610065
    4西安交通大学 电气工程学院,陕西 西安 710049

通讯作者:

任俊文(1987-),男(汉族),四川南充人,副研究员,研究方向为高电压与绝缘技术。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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