Article(id=1198665394421596920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1198665390676083408, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2023.03.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1645200000000, receivedDateStr=2022-02-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763713700155, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1679241600000, pubDateStr=2023-03-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763713700155, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763713700155, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763713700155, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198665390676083408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2023', volume='56', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='121', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763713699263, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766563510720, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210618366327386648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1198665390676083408, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210618366327386649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1198665390676083408, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=93, endPage=99, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198665394799084293, articleId=1198665394421596920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling simulation analysis of 10 kV cable fusion joint under operation, columnId=1192878364340924664, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Test and Analysis, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Compared with the traditional cable joint, the cable fusion joint has the advantages of no stress cone and no movable interface, which has more promising in the new cable operation project and the old cable reconstruction and maintenance project. In order to evaluate the performance of fusion joint after long-term operation in the power grid, the fusion joint was conducted electro-thermal-mechanical coupling simulation under the operation of power grid. The stress distribution and temperature distribution of cable joint were studied through changing the effective value of operating current and considering the short-time overload and material parameter difference between new and old insulation layer. The simulation results show that the stress distribution at the interface between the old and new insulation layer is uneven when the material parameter difference between the new and old insulation layer increases. The increase of operating current will not only increase the overall temperature of fusion joint, but also increase the stress of insulating layer. The radial stress of short-time overload operation for 1 hour is about 4 times bigger than that of steady-state operation, the axial stress is about 3 times bigger than that of steady-state operation, and the core temperature is about 80 K higher.

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电缆熔融接头相较于传统电缆接头无需应力锥、无活动界面的优点在新电缆投运项目以及旧电缆改造维修项目中更有前景,为了对熔融接头在电网运行中的性能进行评估,通过对熔融接头在电网运行下的电-热-力耦合仿真,改变熔融接头、运行电流有效值、考虑短时过载以及绝缘层的材料参数等,研究电缆接头的应力分布和温度分布。结果表明:当电缆熔融接头新、旧绝缘层的材料参数差异增大时会使旧绝缘层与新绝缘层的界面处应力分布不均匀;运行电流有效值的增加则既会提高熔融接头整体温度,又会提高绝缘层应力;短时过载运行1 h的径向应力约为稳态运行时的4倍,轴向应力约为稳态运行时的3倍,线芯温度高出约80 K。

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喻建(1987-),男(汉族),江苏南通人,高级工程师,主要从事高压设备检测与电力调试的工作;
杨春(1979-),男(汉族),江苏南京人,高级工程师,主要从事高压设备检测与电力调试的工作。
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刘亚南(1988-),男(汉族),江苏徐州人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为高压设备的检测;

丁然(1988-),男(汉族),江苏南京人,工程师,博士,主要研究方向为高压设备的检测。

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刘亚南(1988-),男(汉族),江苏徐州人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为高压设备的检测;

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丁然(1988-),男(汉族),江苏南京人,工程师,博士,主要研究方向为高压设备的检测。

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绝缘结构厚度/mm
内屏蔽层0.50
外屏蔽层0.80
绝缘层4.50
铜带屏蔽0.12
绕包无纺布层0.20
护套层2.20
), ArticleFig(id=1210980027861168224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1198665394421596920, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

电缆熔融接头结构数据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
绝缘结构厚度/mm
内屏蔽层0.50
外屏蔽层0.80
绝缘层4.50
铜带屏蔽0.12
绕包无纺布层0.20
护套层2.20
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10 kV电缆熔融接头运行状态下的电-热-力耦合仿真分析
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刘亚南 1 , 丁然 1 , 喻建 1 , 杨春 1 , 田正兵 2 , 梁栋 2 , 张宝磊 2 , 吴亚东 2
绝缘材料 | 测试与分析 2023,56(3): 93-99
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绝缘材料 | 测试与分析 2023, 56(3): 93-99
10 kV电缆熔融接头运行状态下的电-热-力耦合仿真分析
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刘亚南1, 丁然1, 喻建1, 杨春1, 田正兵2, 梁栋2, 张宝磊2, 吴亚东2
作者信息
  • 1江苏方天电力技术有限公司,江苏 南京 211102
  • 2江苏中天科技电缆附件有限公司,江苏 南通 214000
  • 刘亚南(1988-),男(汉族),江苏徐州人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为高压设备的检测;

    丁然(1988-),男(汉族),江苏南京人,工程师,博士,主要研究方向为高压设备的检测。

通讯作者:

喻建(1987-),男(汉族),江苏南通人,高级工程师,主要从事高压设备检测与电力调试的工作;
杨春(1979-),男(汉族),江苏南京人,高级工程师,主要从事高压设备检测与电力调试的工作。
Electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling simulation analysis of 10 kV cable fusion joint under operation
Ya′nan LIU1, Ran DING1, Jian YU1, Chun YANG1, Zhengbing TIAN2, Dong LIANG2, Baolei ZHANG2, Yadong WU2
Affiliations
  • 1Jiangsu Frontier Electric Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211102, China
  • 2ZTT Cable Accessories Co., Ltd., Nantong 214000, China
出版时间: 2023-03-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2023.03.014
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电缆熔融接头相较于传统电缆接头无需应力锥、无活动界面的优点在新电缆投运项目以及旧电缆改造维修项目中更有前景,为了对熔融接头在电网运行中的性能进行评估,通过对熔融接头在电网运行下的电-热-力耦合仿真,改变熔融接头、运行电流有效值、考虑短时过载以及绝缘层的材料参数等,研究电缆接头的应力分布和温度分布。结果表明:当电缆熔融接头新、旧绝缘层的材料参数差异增大时会使旧绝缘层与新绝缘层的界面处应力分布不均匀;运行电流有效值的增加则既会提高熔融接头整体温度,又会提高绝缘层应力;短时过载运行1 h的径向应力约为稳态运行时的4倍,轴向应力约为稳态运行时的3倍,线芯温度高出约80 K。

有限元仿真  /  界面应力  /  熔融接头  /  多物理场耦合

Compared with the traditional cable joint, the cable fusion joint has the advantages of no stress cone and no movable interface, which has more promising in the new cable operation project and the old cable reconstruction and maintenance project. In order to evaluate the performance of fusion joint after long-term operation in the power grid, the fusion joint was conducted electro-thermal-mechanical coupling simulation under the operation of power grid. The stress distribution and temperature distribution of cable joint were studied through changing the effective value of operating current and considering the short-time overload and material parameter difference between new and old insulation layer. The simulation results show that the stress distribution at the interface between the old and new insulation layer is uneven when the material parameter difference between the new and old insulation layer increases. The increase of operating current will not only increase the overall temperature of fusion joint, but also increase the stress of insulating layer. The radial stress of short-time overload operation for 1 hour is about 4 times bigger than that of steady-state operation, the axial stress is about 3 times bigger than that of steady-state operation, and the core temperature is about 80 K higher.

finite element simulation  /  interface stress  /  fusion joint  /  multiphysics coupling
刘亚南, 丁然, 喻建, 杨春, 田正兵, 梁栋, 张宝磊, 吴亚东. 10 kV电缆熔融接头运行状态下的电-热-力耦合仿真分析. 绝缘材料, 2023 , 56 (3) : 93 -99 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2023.03.014
Ya′nan LIU, Ran DING, Jian YU, Chun YANG, Zhengbing TIAN, Dong LIANG, Baolei ZHANG, Yadong WU. Electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling simulation analysis of 10 kV cable fusion joint under operation[J]. Insulating Materials, 2023 , 56 (3) : 93 -99 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2023.03.014
随着我国经济的快速发展,城市电网电缆化率持续攀升,国内交联聚乙烯(XLPE)绝缘电缆被大量使用,产品的故障率也不断增加。统计结果表明,电缆及附件系统故障80%以上发生在电缆中间接头处,远高于电缆本体的故障率[1-2]。常见的传统电缆接头产品对作业人员的技能水平依赖性大,并且接头绝缘与电缆绝缘之间存在可活动界面以及电缆本体绝缘和增强绝缘存在配合问题,使得电缆接头易产生电场畸变,加速界面附件的绝缘老化。熔融接头因具有恢复电缆本体连接技术,可以彻底解决电缆附件与电缆绝缘之间配装产生的不同绝缘介质界面的问题,并且为无需应力锥、无活动界面的熔融结构,可以避免电缆的回缩以及因附件与电缆之间由于材质不同产生气隙、活动界面导致的问题。熔融接头的独特优势使其更适配于复杂环境中电缆的安装,尤其是中低压电缆的安装。但针对熔融接头的相关研究却很少,本文旨在通过仿真的方式对熔融接头在电网运行下的性能状态进行分析,探究不同影响因子对其运行稳定性的影响。
电缆在运行过程中会产生一定的电能损耗,使得电缆温度升高,电缆温度升高会导致电缆内部产生应力集中的问题,如果不能释放应力,就会损坏电缆本体和附件[3-4]。对于常用的XLPE电力电缆,其缆芯容许持续工作的最高温度为90℃。对于电力电缆温度场的计算与分析,R OLSEN等[5]提出了一种新的算法对电缆的动态温度进行计算,该算法模型考虑了电缆周围环境的热阻和比热随时间的变化;梁永春等分别采用有限元法[6]、热路法[7]和模拟热荷法[8]对地下直埋敷设电缆、电缆沟敷设电缆和排管敷设电缆的温度场和载流量进行了计算,并研究了不同影响因子对温度场的影响规律。而对于电缆接头的应力分布研究相对较少,李盛翀等[9]基于热力耦合模型研究高压大截面电缆的应力和形变,并基于不同负荷电流下的温度、应力和形变数据提出了相应的快速计算公式;王健等[10]通过建立GIL的热力耦合模型,分析了GIL热致伸缩和机械振动特性。除了对于电网运行下电缆熔融接头的运行状态研究较少外,更没有对电缆熔融接头中新交联的交联聚乙烯绝缘层与旧绝缘层存在材料性能差异这一问题作讨论。
因此,本文采用COMSOL软件,基于电缆熔融接头运行状态下的仿真模型,通过分析其温度分布以及绝缘层的应力分布,探究熔融接头在不同运行电流大小、短时过载情况以及新、旧绝缘层材料性能存在差异时对熔融接头温度分布和绝缘层应力分布的影响。
为了简化电缆接头的电磁场计算,引入以下假设[11]:电缆接头运行在工频(50 Hz)下,位移电流密度约为传导电流密度的10-7倍,位移电流可忽略不计;除铜导体材料的电导率以及电缆绝缘层的参数外,电缆其他组成材料的参数均视为常数,场域中无自由电荷。
对于电缆接头的温度场分析问题,根据傅里叶(Fourier)传热定律和能量守恒定律,可以得到描述温度场问题的控制方程,在直角坐标系中可写成式(1)[12]
ρcTt-x(λxTx)-y(λyTy)-z(λzTz)=QV
式(1)中:ρ为材料密度;c为材料比热容;T为待求温度变量;t为时间;λxλyλz分别为材料沿xyz方向的热导率;Qv为热源密度。
电缆熔融接头由于热胀冷缩,在温度变化时会产生热应变,其各层结构之间互相约束且温度分布不均匀,应变不能自由发展,进而产生热应力。此时每个单元的应变由温度变化引起的热应变和因应力引起的弹性应变叠加而成,对于电缆熔融接头结构中的某一结点,可以构建平衡方程如式(2)所示[13]
dσth=Kdδ
式(2)中:dσth为结点温度载荷增量,可由式(3)计算得到;K为结点刚度矩阵,可由式(4)计算得到;dδ为结点形变增量。
dσth=BTCdTdV
K=BTDBdV
式(3)~(4)中:B为应变ε与形变δ的转化矩阵,满足式(5)所示方程;V表示体积;C为与温度相关的矩阵,可由式(6)求得。
dε=Bdδ
C=D(α+D-1Tσ)
式(6)中:α为热膨胀系数向量;D为弹性矩阵,由弹性模量和泊松比决定;σ为应力张量。
多物理场的耦合方式如图1所示,通过热传导控制方程求解温度场分布时,需首先已知方程中的热源项,而热源项由电磁场计算中的电磁损耗密度决定,导体的电磁损耗密度又与金属导体材料的电导率有关,而电导率随温度变化,因此,电磁场计算和温度场计算是一个双向耦合过程。应力分布的计算需要得到电缆接头模型的位移分布以及温度场分布情况;而应力变化导致电缆接头结构产生的形变,又会反过来影响电缆接头温度场数值离散求解区域的大小,从而影响电缆接头温度场计算结果。因此,电缆接头的温度场和应力场之间也是一个双向耦合的关系。
一般认为距离电缆表面500 mm处的磁感应强度约为0,轴向距接头中心一定距离的径向截面为磁绝缘边界。电缆接头外表面通过自然对流向外界空气域散热,在电缆轴向远离电缆接头处,认为电缆轴向温度不再变化,电缆接头仅考虑径向传热,可认为电缆本体在轴向位移分量等于0,电缆接头表面满足的边界条件为自由边界,即不存在任何外力和位移的约束条件。
交联聚乙烯电力电缆在电力系统中得到广泛应用,以8.7/10 kV 1×400 mm2的XLPE电力电缆熔融接头为例进行电-热-力耦合场建模计算。
电缆熔融接头结构示意图如图2所示,其主要结构数据如表1所示,电缆模型的轴向长度从-400 mm至400 mm,其中新绕包的交联聚乙烯绝缘层厚度比旧的绝缘层厚度多出2 mm,与旧绝缘层外侧交界处为±120 mm至±150 mm处,内侧为±70 mm处。
仿真选取的8.7/15 kV电缆额定最大载流量为755 A,通过构建的仿真模型计算出电缆以及熔融接头部分的温度分布和应力分布图,如图3图4所示。为了更好地表征温度分布情况,选取沿电缆接头径向的温度数据,得到图5(a)。通过图5(a)可以发现,电缆线芯的温度与熔融接头表面的温度差约为6 K,最外层的温度为326.5 K,相较于环境温度(293.5 K)有33 K的差值,并且不同材料的温度梯度也不相同。可以看到由于熔融接头的结构相对于传统接头简化很多,因此电缆内外的温差在运行过程也有所降低,体现出熔融接头的优势。
图4可以看出,由于新、旧绝缘的界面使得旧绝缘轴向150 mm处的应力有明显突变,相较于周围应力增加了约40%,并且靠近内屏蔽侧的绝缘层应力分布也不均匀,距离电缆轴线较近的新绝缘层的应力大于旧绝缘层约12.9%。将数据处理后得到图5(b),其中轴向-73 mm到73 mm范围内为新绝缘层的应力数据,可以看出因为新、旧绝缘层界面的存在,导致其存在应力集中问题。除此之外,因为熔融接头的制作需要新绝缘层厚度要多出旧绝缘层2 mm,使得电缆轴向150 mm附近的应力明显增大。针对上述现象,下面进一步讨论其影响因素。
考虑到电缆运行状态的不同以及电流是产热的主要原因,电流的变化对电缆熔融接头温度分布及应力分布的影响需要着重考虑,仿真通过设置不同的运行电流有效值,来对比径向的温度分布及应力分布情况。根据IEC60287-2:2001计算热阻,通过IEC 60287-1-1:2006[14-15]计算最大稳态载流量,由于电缆属于交联聚乙烯电缆,设置线芯最大稳态运行温度为90℃,计算出空气温度为20℃的最大稳态电流为937.3 A,基于此设置不同的电流有效值(范围为337~937 A,步长为100 A),并分别进行仿真,得到电缆接头处沿径向的温度分布如图6所示。从图6可以看到,随着电流的增加,电缆接头的整体温度逐渐升高,沿径向的分布趋势基本相同,在11.75 mm和20 mm附近及14 mm附近温度有轻微的突变,这是由于前两处刚好是电缆熔融接头不同材料的界面处,而14 mm处恰好是新绝缘与旧绝缘的界面,由于材料导热性能的差异,导致温度降有些许突变。当电流从337 A增加到937 A时,线芯温度升高约52.9℃,电缆熔融接头表面升高约43℃,并且随着电流的增加,线芯与表面的温差从2℃升高到11.3℃。长时间的温升对于熔融接头的稳定使用显然是不利的。
对于电缆及熔融接头的应力分布可以从两个方面来分析,一是绝缘层沿径向距离电缆模型轴线14.55 mm处的应力数据;二是绝缘层沿轴向距离模型轴线中心90 mm处的应力数据,得到图7。从图7(a)的径向应力分布可以看出,距离轴线越远,应力越小,其中14 mm附近出现应力反向增大的现象是因为在这附近经过新、旧绝缘层的界面。随着电流的增加,绝缘层应力沿径向的差异也逐渐增大,并且因绝缘层界面引起的应力畸变也更严重。从图7(b)的轴向应力分布可以看到,与径向应力分布相似,随着电流的增加,应力增大,应力差异与应力畸变更加严重。可以认为随着运行电流有效值的增加,电缆及熔融接头的应力及温度增大,并且距离轴线的距离对应力和温度的影响更加显著,熔融接头绝缘层应力处的畸变也更加严重。
交联聚乙烯电缆短时过载时线芯温度不超过130℃,时长不超过100 h[16]。本文采用IEC 60853-2:1989标准[17],对于过载时间为10 min至1 h内的情况进行过载电流计算。
根据图8所示的电缆热路的变化,计算绝缘热容的分配系数p,计算公式如式(7)所示。
p=12lnDidc-1Didc2-1 
式(7)中:Di表示绝缘层的外径;dc为线芯的外径。
p′是类似绝缘层分配系数的外被层的热容分配系数,其计算公式如式(8)所示。
p'=12lnDeDs-1DeDs2-1 
式(8)中:De为电缆直径;Ds为外被层内径。
等效热路模型的计算公式如式(9)~(18)所示。
TA=T1
TB=qsT3
QA=Qc+pQi
QB=1-pQi+Qs+p'Qjqs
Mo=12QATA+TB+QBTB
No=QAQBTATB
a=Mo+Mo2-NoNo  
b=Mo-Mo2-NoNo
Ta=1a-b1QA-bTA+TB
Tb=TA+TB-Ta
式(9)~(18)中:T1为绝缘层总热阻;Qi为绝缘层总热容;Qc为导体的热容;T3为外被层的热阻;Qs为护套的热容;Qj为外被层的热容;qs为导体加护套的损耗与导体损耗的比值;TATBQAQBa、b、MoNoTaTb是根据IEC 60853-2:1989规定的等效热路中用于计算过载电流I2的过程参数。
导体总瞬态温升(θc)的计算如式(19)所示。
θct=WCTa1-e-at+Tb1-e-bt 
式(19)中,WC表示基于达到的最大线芯温度的每单位长度的功率损耗。
过载电流(I2)的计算如式(20)~(21)所示。
I2=IRhI2R1Rmax+RRRmaxr-hI2R1RRθctθc12 
r=θmaxθc
式(20)~(21)中:IR为长期允许工作温度下的最大稳态电流;hI的计算如式(22)所示,其中I1为额定电流;R1为施加过载电流前的电阻值(即额定电流I1所对应的电阻值);Rmax为过载结束时的电阻值;RR为最大稳态电流所对应的电阻值;θmax为过载时允许的最大温升。
hI=I1IR 
采用上述方法计算出的过载电流公式仿真电缆熔融接头过载运行的情况,其中假定电缆在24 h时出现短时过载的情况,过载时间为1 h之后恢复正常,根据计算得到的电流为1 800 A。根据仿真结果,将特定时间点的应力分布和温度分布处理得到图9图10。由于仿真计算电缆运行24 h相当于稳态的数据,一般认为瞬态24 h的数据等同于稳态结果。从图9可以看出,相较于额定电流稳态运行的温度分布,过载运行1 h的温度分布要明显更高,线芯温度高出约80 K,过载时电缆熔融接头内、外的温度差达28 K,导致绝缘内部形成大的温度梯度。这是由于一方面载流量升高导致电缆线芯损耗增加;另一方面绝缘层的热导率较低,热量难以传导至绝缘外侧,从而使绝缘两侧的温度差远高于最大稳态电流时的情况。从图10(a)的径向应力分布图可以看出,过载运行1 h的应力约为稳态运行时的4倍;从图10(b)的轴向应力分布图可以看出,过载运行1 h的应力约为稳态运行时的3倍。这种应力的激增对于电缆以及熔融接头的长期使用都是十分不利的。
热膨胀系数是度量固体材料热膨胀程度的物理量,是耦合材料热学性能和力学性能的重要参数,不同的热膨胀系数不仅会在熔融接头制作过程中导致界面处应力集中,严重会发生位移,还有可能在长期运行过程中出现类似的情况,因此需要对比交联聚乙烯新绝缘层和旧绝缘层的热膨胀系数,通过设置不同新、旧绝缘层的热膨胀系数差值,研究长期运行状态下热膨胀系数对于熔融接头应力分布的影响。通过控制变量将新、旧绝缘层处热膨胀系数以外的材料参数设置相同,仅保留热膨胀系数存在差异,差值从0到0.2×10-4 K-1,结果如图11所示。从图11(a)可以看出,随着热膨胀系数差值的增大,绝缘层沿径向的应力随之减小,但在新、旧绝缘层界面处形成较为严重的应力畸变。从图11(b)可以看出,轴向的应力在界面处也会因为热膨胀系数的差值而引起应力分布的不均匀,并且随着差值的增大,旧绝缘层的应力也会增加。由于旧交联聚乙烯绝缘材料的热膨胀系数小于新交联聚乙烯,热膨胀系数的差值变化主要发生在旧绝缘层,因此旧绝缘层的应力差异相对于新绝缘层更加明显,轴向的应力分布同样是这种情况。
除了热膨胀系数外,还对新旧绝缘层材料的杨氏模量差异进行了比较,数据整理后如图12所示。从图12可以看到,杨氏模量的差异对于旧绝缘层的影响远大于新绝缘层,并且在新、旧绝缘层界面处造成了应力分布的不均匀,随着材料的杨氏模量差异增大,不均匀的现象越严重,这些与热膨胀系数的现象类似。针对上述提到的材料性能差异对电缆和熔融接头的应力影响是需要考虑的,尽可能减少材料的性能差异有助于减少界面处应力的不均匀分布。
本文通过对10 kV电力熔融接头的电-热-力仿真计算,研究运行过程电流的短时过载和有效值的不同对电缆熔融接头温度分布和应力分布的影响,以及熔融接头新、旧绝缘层杨氏模量、热膨胀系数的差异对界面应力分布的影响,得到如下结论:
(1)运行电流有效值的增大会明显改变电缆熔融接头温度的大小,并且应力明显升高。
(2)过载运行1 h的径向应力约为稳态运行时的4倍,轴向应力约为稳态运行时的3倍;短时过载运行下线芯温度高出约80 K,这对于电缆以及熔融接头的长期使用都是十分不利的。
(3)新、旧交联聚乙烯绝缘层的材料性能差异会显著提高旧绝缘层的应力,在新、旧绝缘层界面处造成应力分布的不均匀现象,并且随着材料的性能差异增大,不均匀的现象越严重。
  • 江苏方天电力技术有限公司科技项目(KJ202002)
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2023年第56卷第3期
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2023.03.014
  • 接收时间:2022-02-19
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-03-20
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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-19
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江苏方天电力技术有限公司科技项目(KJ202002)
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    1江苏方天电力技术有限公司,江苏 南京 211102
    2江苏中天科技电缆附件有限公司,江苏 南通 214000

通讯作者:

喻建(1987-),男(汉族),江苏南通人,高级工程师,主要从事高压设备检测与电力调试的工作;
杨春(1979-),男(汉族),江苏南京人,高级工程师,主要从事高压设备检测与电力调试的工作。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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