Article(id=1242757051269628050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1242757048333611957, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.12.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1611849600000, receivedDateStr=2021-01-29, revisedDate=1615392000000, revisedDateStr=2021-03-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774225970331, onlineDateStr=2026-03-23, pubDate=1639929600000, pubDateStr=2021-12-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774225970331, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774225970331, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774225970331, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242757048333611957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2021', volume='54', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='114', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774225969632, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774226074518, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242757488324494073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1242757048333611957, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242757488324494074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1242757048333611957, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=80, endPage=86, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242757053064790181, articleId=1242757051269628050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Research on Key Parameters and Its Control of Reinforced Insulation Design for 500 kV DC Cable Joint, columnId=1190369198472794288, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Insulation Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The core content of 500 kV DC cable joint design is the performance and geometric structure of reinforced insulation material. In this paper, the electric field distribution characteristics of the main insulation and reinforced insulation double-layer dielectric of the DC cable joint were calculated and simulated. The development mechanism of DC cable joint breakdown caused by interface discharge was analyzed. The breakdown characteristics of the dielectric interface between cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and silicone rubber (SR) in DC cable joint were analyzed. The results show that the conductivity of the reinforced insulation and the main insulation of the cable joint and the interface tangential electric field strength are the key parameters of the reinforced insulation design. Within the changing allowance of temperature and electric field, the conductivity of the reinforced insulating material should always be less than that of XLPE. The tangential electric field strength of the interface between the main insulation and the reinforced insulation is the key control parameter affecting the operation reliability of the DC cable joint, and its threshold is 2.5 kV/mm under the most unfavorable conditions. The research results provide a new method to solve the design problems of DC cable joints, especially for the reinforced insulation.

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500 kV直流电缆接头设计的核心内容是增强绝缘的材料性能和几何结构。本文计算和仿真了直流电缆接头内电缆主绝缘与增强绝缘双层介质的电场分布特征,分析了直流电缆接头由界面放电引起的击穿故障的发展机理,测试了直流电缆接头中的交联聚乙烯(XLPE)与硅橡胶(SR)介质界面的击穿特性。结果表明:增强绝缘与电缆接头主绝缘的电导率和界面切向电场强度是增强绝缘设计的关键参数;增强绝缘材料的电导率在温度和电场容许范围内应始终小于XLPE;主绝缘与增强绝缘界面的切向电场强度是影响直流电缆接头运行可靠性的关键控制参数,在最不利的条件下其阈值为2.5 kV/mm。研究结果为解决直流电缆接头尤其是增强绝缘的设计问题提供了新方法。

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刘宗喜(1982-),男(汉族),河南南阳人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事交/直流电力电缆绝缘性能可靠性评价相关技术的研究。

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刘宗喜(1982-),男(汉族),河南南阳人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事交/直流电力电缆绝缘性能可靠性评价相关技术的研究。

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刘宗喜(1982-),男(汉族),河南南阳人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事交/直流电力电缆绝缘性能可靠性评价相关技术的研究。

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figureFileSmall=rHn61owXB1W9E3WzkAQL4A==, figureFileBig=wUAZYi0C73fXXBFhgzgHnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245106602936742386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242757051269628050, language=CN, label=图2, caption=增强绝缘材料电导率对接头径向电场强度分布的影响, figureFileSmall=rHn61owXB1W9E3WzkAQL4A==, figureFileBig=wUAZYi0C73fXXBFhgzgHnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245106603012239863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242757051269628050, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Typical breakdown failure of DC cable joint, figureFileSmall=74tTS1bmu5ZKPeVImrW16g==, figureFileBig=zKM/VZ2R6s7z16dxaLG9og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245106603079348731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242757051269628050, language=CN, label=图3, caption=直流电缆接头的典型击穿故障, figureFileSmall=74tTS1bmu5ZKPeVImrW16g==, figureFileBig=zKM/VZ2R6s7z16dxaLG9og==, tableContent=null), 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label=图8, caption=未涂覆硅脂界面的电气强度, figureFileSmall=EcYqxpYtC7K/2HljmxVliQ==, figureFileBig=UJEk+jqnKL0JpGr2Jp2V8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245106605545599545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242757051269628050, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Electric strength of the silicone coated interface, figureFileSmall=okYrBmIQ70ti6Odzw/CH0A==, figureFileBig=r/OKpiORSTDwpxOwM1pJBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245106605658845756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242757051269628050, language=CN, label=图9, caption=涂覆硅脂界面的电气强度, figureFileSmall=okYrBmIQ70ti6Odzw/CH0A==, figureFileBig=r/OKpiORSTDwpxOwM1pJBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245106605763703363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242757051269628050, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=Polymer characteristic parameters, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
聚合物类型材料常数A/(V/(Ω·m2))活化能φ/eV场强系数B/(m/V)
直流XLPE66.500.557 61.108×10-7
硅橡胶10.420.506 77.097×10-8
改性硅橡胶96.560.571 22.270×10-7
), ArticleFig(id=1245106605860172362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242757051269628050, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

聚合物表征参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
聚合物类型材料常数A/(V/(Ω·m2))活化能φ/eV场强系数B/(m/V)
直流XLPE66.500.557 61.108×10-7
硅橡胶10.420.506 77.097×10-8
改性硅橡胶96.560.571 22.270×10-7
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500 kV直流电缆接头增强绝缘设计关键参数及其控制研究
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刘宗喜 1 , 张磊 2 , 欧阳本红 1 , 赵鹏 1 , 章红军 1
绝缘材料 | 绝缘技术 2021,54(12): 80-86
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绝缘材料 | 绝缘技术 2021, 54(12): 80-86
500 kV直流电缆接头增强绝缘设计关键参数及其控制研究
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刘宗喜1, 张磊2, 欧阳本红1, 赵鹏1, 章红军1
作者信息
  • 1中国电力科学研究院有限公司,湖北 武汉 430072
  • 2国网浙江省电力有限公司舟山供电公司,浙江 舟山 316021
  • 刘宗喜(1982-),男(汉族),河南南阳人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事交/直流电力电缆绝缘性能可靠性评价相关技术的研究。

Research on Key Parameters and Its Control of Reinforced Insulation Design for 500 kV DC Cable Joint
Zongxi LIU1, Lei ZHANG2, Benhong OUYANG1, Peng ZHAO1, Hongjun ZHANG1
Affiliations
  • 1China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430072, China
  • 2Zhoushan Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Zhoushan 316021, China
出版时间: 2021-12-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.12.013
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500 kV直流电缆接头设计的核心内容是增强绝缘的材料性能和几何结构。本文计算和仿真了直流电缆接头内电缆主绝缘与增强绝缘双层介质的电场分布特征,分析了直流电缆接头由界面放电引起的击穿故障的发展机理,测试了直流电缆接头中的交联聚乙烯(XLPE)与硅橡胶(SR)介质界面的击穿特性。结果表明:增强绝缘与电缆接头主绝缘的电导率和界面切向电场强度是增强绝缘设计的关键参数;增强绝缘材料的电导率在温度和电场容许范围内应始终小于XLPE;主绝缘与增强绝缘界面的切向电场强度是影响直流电缆接头运行可靠性的关键控制参数,在最不利的条件下其阈值为2.5 kV/mm。研究结果为解决直流电缆接头尤其是增强绝缘的设计问题提供了新方法。

直流电缆接头  /  增强绝缘  /  电导率匹配  /  界面切向电场强度  /  直流击穿特性

The core content of 500 kV DC cable joint design is the performance and geometric structure of reinforced insulation material. In this paper, the electric field distribution characteristics of the main insulation and reinforced insulation double-layer dielectric of the DC cable joint were calculated and simulated. The development mechanism of DC cable joint breakdown caused by interface discharge was analyzed. The breakdown characteristics of the dielectric interface between cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and silicone rubber (SR) in DC cable joint were analyzed. The results show that the conductivity of the reinforced insulation and the main insulation of the cable joint and the interface tangential electric field strength are the key parameters of the reinforced insulation design. Within the changing allowance of temperature and electric field, the conductivity of the reinforced insulating material should always be less than that of XLPE. The tangential electric field strength of the interface between the main insulation and the reinforced insulation is the key control parameter affecting the operation reliability of the DC cable joint, and its threshold is 2.5 kV/mm under the most unfavorable conditions. The research results provide a new method to solve the design problems of DC cable joints, especially for the reinforced insulation.

DC cable joint  /  reinforced insulation  /  conductivity matching  /  interface tangential electric field strength  /  DC breakdown characteristics
刘宗喜, 张磊, 欧阳本红, 赵鹏, 章红军. 500 kV直流电缆接头增强绝缘设计关键参数及其控制研究. 绝缘材料, 2021 , 54 (12) : 80 -86 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.12.013
Zongxi LIU, Lei ZHANG, Benhong OUYANG, Peng ZHAO, Hongjun ZHANG. Research on Key Parameters and Its Control of Reinforced Insulation Design for 500 kV DC Cable Joint[J]. Insulating Materials, 2021 , 54 (12) : 80 -86 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.12.013
电力电缆附件是电力电缆线路中重要的组成部分,高压电力电缆附件结构复杂,在既往运行经验中由于接头缺陷引发的故障较多[1],使得电力电缆附件成为高压直流输电线路中的薄弱环节[2-3],其性能的好坏对电力系统的安全可靠运行有着极为重要的影响。直流电缆接头在结构上与交流电缆接头虽然相似,但是直流电缆接头在技术问题上所面临的挑战要远远超过交流电缆接头,直流电缆接头的设计和制造难度较大[4]。国内对高压直流XLPE电缆附件的研究起步较晚,总体的技术水平与国外相比尚有很大差距[5-7]
目前,直流电缆接头的研究主要参照交流电缆附件的设计理论和设计路线,集中在高压屏蔽管结构设计、应力锥结构设计、增强绝缘材料和应力锥材料研究等方面[3,8-10],研究成果专注于对直流电缆接头设计的某一方面提出解决办法和改善路线,综合各方面所解决问题的共性而对影响直流电缆接头设计的根本因素进行分析的研究较少。对直流电缆接头界面的研究基本围绕直流电缆附件界面空间电荷的测量、计算和抑制进行[11-16],缺乏对直流电缆接头界面击穿特性的全面研究和分析。
本文从双层介质直流电场分布特点出发,分析旨在解决电导率匹配问题的直流电缆接头增强绝缘材料改性的关键条件。从直流电缆接头故障的发生、发展机理分析中总结直流电缆接头设计的关键控制参数,结合XLPE与硅橡胶界面击穿特性试验,提出影响直流电缆接头设计的控制参数的阈值。
直流电缆接头绝缘是由电缆主绝缘和接头增强绝缘组成的双层介质,图1所示为双层介质的柱状绝缘结构。
图1中,1为电缆主绝缘;2为接头增强绝缘;r表示任意一点半径;r1r2分别表示导体与外屏蔽的半径;ri表示两种绝缘介质界面的半径。两种绝缘介质的介电常数分别为ε1ε2,电导率分别为σ1σ2
由于电缆主绝缘和接头增强绝缘通常为不同性质的绝缘材料,界面两侧的电场强度不相等。根据电通量原理,得到式(1)
ε2E2(ri)-ε1E1(ri)=q
式(1)中:E1(ri)、E2(ri)分别代表界面上绝缘1和绝缘2中的法向电场强度;q表示界面上集聚的空间电荷密度。
在稳态条件下,电流密度在界面上连续,根据 J(r)=σE(r),可得式(2)
σ2E2(ri)-σ1E1(ri)=0
式(2)代入式(1),且考虑到J=σE,可得界面上的空间电荷密度,如式(3)所示。
q=J(ri)σ2(ε2σ1σ2-ε1)
在不考虑温度梯度的条件下,电流密度J式(4)所示。
J=GVS
式(4)中:G表示双层介质的等效电导;S代表泄漏电流密度通过的界面的等效面积;V代表线芯导体的电压。
双层介质的等效电导G可以表示为式(5)
G=G1G2G1+G2
绝缘1和绝缘2等效电导G1G2分别如式(6)所示。
G1=2πσ1llnri/r1,G2=2πσ2llnr2/ri
式(5)式(6)代入式(4),可以得到通过界面的电流密度,如式(7)所示。
J(r)=σ1σ2Vσ1lnr2/ri+σ2lnri/r1r
式(7)代入式(3),可以得到界面上集聚的空间电荷密度,如式(8)所示。
q=(ε2σ1-ε1σ2)Vσ1lnr2/ri+σ2lnri/r1ri
根据式(1)~(2)和式(8)可以得到界面两侧法向电场强度,如式(9)所示。
E1(r)=σ2Vσ1lnr2/ri+σ2lnri/r1rE2(r)=σ1Vσ1lnr2/ri+σ2lnri/r1r
式(9)可以看出,直流电压下绝缘层中稳态电场强度仅由电导率决定,与介电常数无关。双层介质中的电导率不匹配导致输送到界面上的电荷与界面输出电荷不一致,直到稳定状态后,界面上集聚的电荷密度q改变电场不连续性,两侧的泄漏电流达到平衡。
直流电缆接头中主绝缘和增强绝缘都是聚合物材料,其电导率依赖于温度和电场强度而呈现出非线性伏安关系[1-7]。两种聚合物材料电导率数量级相差甚远,且电导率随温度梯度的变化不同步。通常情况下,对于直流电缆接头的绝缘结构,温度较低时,ε2σ11σ2,主绝缘侧的电场强度较大;温度较高时,则ε2σ11σ2,增强绝缘侧的电场强度较大,界面上空间电荷极性反转。因此,主绝缘和增强绝缘电导率的匹配问题,影响电缆接头中电场的分布,是直流电缆中间接头结构设计的关键问题。
直流XLPE、普通硅橡胶和改性硅橡胶材料的跳跃电导模型[17]的相关表征参数如表1所示。不同电导率参数的材料用作直流电缆接头增强绝缘时,接头径向的电场强度分布趋势如图2所示。
图2可知,增强绝缘电导率对直流电缆接头法向电场强度(径向电场)分布影响迥异。其中0.9倍XLPE和1.1倍XLPE是一种虚指,假定某种材料的电导率取XLPE电导率的0.9倍和1.1倍,表示与电缆本体XLPE电导率的对比关系。假设增强绝缘电导率与XLPE呈比例关系,在XLPE和增强绝缘中以及界面上的电场强度分布受比例系数的影响而截然不同。而改性前后的硅橡胶对电场分布的影响最为显著。在不同温度条件下,改性硅橡胶增强绝缘中的电场强度都受到削弱,使增强绝缘中的电场强度远小于XLPE一侧。因此,直流电缆接头绝缘电导率的匹配要求增强绝缘材料的电导率在温度和电场强度容许变化范围内始终小于XLPE。
国产某±320 kV直流电缆接头在直流电缆型式试验中已完成负荷循环试验,在直流叠加雷电冲击电压下发生击穿故障。对故障电缆接头进行解剖,如图3所示,根据故障发展路径分析影响直流电缆接头可靠性的关键因素。
直流电缆接头击穿点剖面如图3(a)所示。在解剖过程中发现:高压屏蔽管端部和故障通道有明显电弧烧蚀痕迹;故障通道从高压屏蔽管边缘开始,沿接头中的绝缘界面向前延伸约100 mm,转而进入接头中的硅橡胶绝缘内部并向外发展,最终在接头增强绝缘外屏蔽层上形成明显击穿点,如图3(b)所示。
按照故障的发展过程,绘制了如图4所示直流电缆接头内部击穿通道的示意图。
国产某±320 kV直流电缆接头在故障前已进行了负荷循环试验,导体温度为70℃。对接头在直流叠加冲击试验中的电场强度进行仿真分析,得到直流叠加冲击电压作用下接头界面电场强度的暂态分布,如图5所示。
图5中横坐标轴与直流电缆接头界面重合。在直流电压作用下,接头界面切向和界面中部的电缆接头径向电场强度分布如图6所示。
图5图6可知,直流电压作用时,接头中XLPE绝缘和硅橡胶增强绝缘界面上切向电场强度在高压屏蔽管附近出现了一个高达3.5 kV/mm的峰值(图6(a));对直流电缆系统进行直流叠加冲击试验过程中,接头界面切向电场强度值增大到6.5 kV/mm(图5)。结合直流电缆接头故障的发展过程,认为直流叠加冲击试验引起的界面切向电场强度增大是接头发生击穿的诱因。
直流电缆接头故障机理为:界面局部高电场强度诱发的起始放电在切向电场的作用下沿界面朝着低电位的应力锥方向发展;放电电弧在界面上发展到一定程度后,切向电场强度减小,不足以支持放电电弧的进一步发展。此时,放电电弧头部转而受到接头径向电场作用,如图6(b)所示,沿径向朝接头外部发展,最终导致硅橡胶增强绝缘的击穿。直流电缆接头内部故障的发展过程如图4所示。
雷电冲击电压作用下直流电缆接头界面的电场强度增大,是引发接头界面产生起始放电的首要因素;界面电荷集聚引起接头界面径向电场畸变是界面放电并引起接头击穿的次要因素。由雷电冲击暂态过程导致的高电场强度引起的起始放电受到直流电缆接头中双层介质的界面切向电场强度与接头中径向场强的共同驱动,是直流电缆接头发生击穿的关键因素。
对于500 kV直流电缆接头的设计而言,包含了接头应力锥曲线、高压屏蔽管曲线、增强绝缘与电缆接头主绝缘界面长度和增强绝缘厚度,可见其主要内容是接头增强绝缘的结构设计。直流电缆接头中XLPE绝缘与硅橡胶绝缘界面切向电场强度的分布特征由界面结构和材料的绝缘特性决定,在接头界面结构确定之后,电导率的匹配成为直流电缆接头设计的一个关键问题,对接头增强绝缘材料的电导率提出了要求。通常采用对硅橡胶电导率进行改性调控的方法,一方面增大接头增强绝缘的电导率,提高其非线性系数,以解决接头主绝缘与增强绝缘电导率的匹配问题;另一方面,直流电缆接头中XLPE绝缘与硅橡胶绝缘界面切向电场强度不应大于界面电气强度,需要在研究接头界面击穿特性基础之上,提出界面切向电场强度的安全阈值。
总而言之,在直流电缆主绝缘性能已知的条件下,接头增强绝缘材料的电导率和直流电缆接头中XLPE绝缘与硅橡胶绝缘的界面切向电场强度是增强绝缘设计的关键参数。改善直流电缆接头的界面结构、材料绝缘特性和界面直流击穿特性,降低界面切向电场强度,有利于增强界面的直流击穿电压,也将提高直流电缆接头对直流叠加冲击电压的耐受能力。
为研究直流电缆接头界面切向电场强度阈值的控制条件,需对接头界面开展直流击穿特性试验,分析不同因素对接头界面电气强度的影响。
根据电缆接头双层介质界面的绝缘结构特点,设计了如图7所示的模拟直流电缆接头界面的击穿试验装置。
图7(a)为电缆接头界面击穿试验的模拟装置。1为高压电极,考虑到电缆接头中高压屏蔽管和电缆导体对接头界面端部电场分布的影响较大,高压电极的上部模拟了电缆接头中的高压屏蔽管,高压电极的下部模拟了电缆导体。2为接地电极,用以模拟电缆的绝缘屏蔽断口。3为环氧树脂筒,用以模拟电缆主绝缘层。4为硅橡胶筒,用以模拟电缆接头的增强绝缘。因为电缆接头中绝缘屏蔽层断口处电场强度主要受屏蔽层断口的影响,电缆导体点位对绝缘屏蔽层端口电场强度影响很小,所以高电压下部模拟电缆导体的高压电极下部未穿透XLPE绝缘。圆柱面S-S模拟XLPE/SR界面。通过P-P方向对S-S面施加压力来模拟XLPE/SR界面受到的压力。
图7(b)为布置在电缆接头的XLPE/SR界面上的针-板电极。5为针电极,6为试片,7为板电极。在尺寸为100 mm×100 mm×0.2 mm的XLPE试片上涂覆硅脂后,放置剪裁成针和板电极形状的铝箔胶带,厚度为30 μm,然后在上面覆盖同样尺寸的普通硅橡胶材料试片。上述针-板电极和XLPE、硅橡胶试片一起贴于环氧树脂筒上,模拟电缆接头增强绝缘的硅橡胶筒覆盖在针板电极和XLPE、硅橡胶试片上。
板电极与接地电极等电位连接并接地,针电极与高压电极等电位连接并施加正极性直流电压,以500 V/s的速率匀速升压直至界面击穿。考虑到击穿电压的分散性,取每个试验条件下的10次有效界面击穿时的电气强度并求取平均值。
在试验室测试对XLPE/SR界面试样进行不同温度(30、50、70℃)和不同界面压力下(0~0.4 MPa)的闪络试验。未涂覆硅脂时的界面电气强度如图8所示。由图8可知,XLPE/SR界面上未涂覆硅脂时,界面的直流电气强度高于交流电气强度;界面的交、直流电气强度均随着温度的上升而降低,并随着界面压力的增大而升高。
界面涂覆硅脂后的电气强度如图9所示。由图9可知,界面的直流电气强度得到提升,且提升幅度大于交流电气强度;界面的直流电气强度对温度变化的敏感性不如交流电气强度;在较高温度(70℃)时,界面压力增大到0.3 MPa以后,交、直流电气强度提升不明显,直流电气强度甚至出现下降趋势。
基于XLPE/SR界面交、直流电气强度的测试结果可知,交、直流电缆接头的界面设计存在不同之处。电缆接头的直流击穿性能优于交流击穿性能,直流击穿性能对温度敏感性低于交流击穿性能,增大直流击穿性能的界面压力范围比交流击穿性能略窄。从图8可知,30℃下界面未填充硅脂且失去界面压力时的最低直流电气强度约为2.5 kV/mm。
综上所述,XLPE与改性硅橡胶的界面切向电气强度主要考虑压力、温度和填充物的影响,其最小值仍取最不利条件下的2.5 kV/mm。这个参数用在特高压直流电缆附件设计中,决定了界面长度、应力锥形状尺寸、增强绝缘厚度。
(1)增强绝缘材料及其结构设计是500 kV直流电缆接头设计的核心内容,增强绝缘设计的关键参数是增强绝缘与电缆接头主绝缘的电导率和界面切向电场强度,电导率的匹配是直流电缆接头设计的核心问题。
(2)对增强绝缘材料改性的关键是增强绝缘材料的电导率在温度和电场的容许范围内应始终小于XLPE。
(3)500 kV直流电缆接头中主绝缘与增强绝缘界面的切向电场强度是影响直流电缆接头运行可靠性的关键控制参数。500 kV直流电缆接头中主绝缘与增强绝缘界面的切向电场强度存在安全阈值。为保证在最不利的条件下直流电缆接头的可靠性,在直流电缆接头设计中,切向电气强度需要控制在2.5 kV/mm以下。
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.12.013
  • 接收时间:2021-01-29
  • 首发时间:2026-03-23
  • 出版时间:2021-12-20
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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-29
  • 修回日期:2021-03-11
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国家电网公司科技项目(52110418002P)
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    1中国电力科学研究院有限公司,湖北 武汉 430072
    2国网浙江省电力有限公司舟山供电公司,浙江 舟山 316021
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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