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Article(id=1242756980415246456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1242756974576775191, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.11.016, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1619625600000, receivedDateStr=2021-04-29, revisedDate=1625068800000, revisedDateStr=2021-07-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774225953439, onlineDateStr=2026-03-23, pubDate=1637510400000, pubDateStr=2021-11-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774225953439, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774225953439, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774225953439, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242756974576775191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, year='2021', volume='54', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='139', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774225952044, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774226047274, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242757374059066044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1242756974576775191, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242757374059066045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, issueId=1242756974576775191, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=114, endPage=119, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242756981270884530, articleId=1242756980415246456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, language=EN, title=Controlled Preparation and Properties of Block Copolyimide, columnId=1198664996516360309, journalTitle=Insulating Materials, columnName=Polyimide Film Special Issue, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

By adjusting the structure and composition of different diamine and dianhydride, we realized the controllable preparation of block copolymerized polyimide films. The effects of different composition structure of polyimide on its mechanical properties, thermal properties, and linear expansion coefficient were studied. The results show that according to the difference of rigid components (such as PDA, PMDA) content, the elastic modulus, elongation at break, and tensile strength of the films change regularly. The thermogravimetric analysis and the study of thermal decomposition kinetics show that due to the high phenyl and structural symmetry of the molecular chain of the prepared polymer, PI has excellent thermal stability, and the carbon residue rate is as high as 50% at 900℃. Moreover, its dimensional stability is very good, the linear expansion coefficient is very close to that of Cu, which shows potential application in copper clad plates and flexible devices.

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通过调节不同二元胺和二元酸酐的结构和组成，实现了嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的可控制备，研究了聚酰亚胺不同的组成结构对其力学性能、热性能和线膨胀系数的影响。结果表明：依照刚性组分（如PDA、PMDA）含量的不同，其弹性模量、断裂伸长率和拉伸强度呈现规律性变化。热失重分析和热分解动力学研究表明，由于所制备聚合物的分子链具有高度苯基化和高度结构对称性，所得共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜具有优异热稳定性能，900℃时残炭率高达50%以上。而且其尺寸稳定性非常好，线膨胀系数与铜十分接近，在覆铜板和柔性器件等领域具有应用潜力。

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刘静（1987-），女（汉族），河北衡水人，讲师，博士，研究方向为高分子改性。
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崔柯雯（2000-），女（汉族），河南郑州人，本科生，研究方向为高分子改性。

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崔柯雯（2000-），女（汉族），河南郑州人，本科生，研究方向为高分子改性。

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崔柯雯（2000-），女（汉族），河南郑州人，本科生，研究方向为高分子改性。

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名称溶液A溶液B
PPOB-PAAODA/gBPDA/gPDA/gPMDA/g
PP100OB1000.4040.5880.2160.440
PP50OB500.4080.5880.2160.445
PP80OB1000.4050.7350.2160.442
PP50OB1001.0111.4710.2700.556
PP20OB1001.0111.4710.1080.229
PP10OB1002.0202.9420.1080.240
PBOP-PAAODA/gPMDA/gPDA/gBPDA/g
PB100OP1000.4040.4360.2160.594
PB50OP500.4080.4360.2160.600
PB20OP200.4200.4360.2160.618
PB10OP100.4400.4360.2160.647
PBPP-PAAPDA/gPMDA/gPDA/gBPDA/g
PB100PP1000.2180.4360.2160.594
PB50PP500.2210.4360.2160.600
OBOP-PAAODA/gPMDA/gODA/gBPDA/g
OB100OP1000.4040.4360.4000.594
OB50OP500.4080.4360.4000.600
OB20OP200.4200.4360.4000.618
OB10OP100.4400.4360.4000.647
PBOB-PAAODA/gBPDA/gPDA/gBPDA/g
PB100OB1000.4040.5880.2160.594
PB50OB500.4080.5880.2160.600
PB20OB200.4200.5880.2160.618
PB10OB100.4400.5880.2160.647
PPOP-PAAODA/gPMDA/gPDA/gPMDA/g
PP100OP1000.4040.4360.2160.440
PP50OP500.4080.4360.2160.445
PP20OP200.4200.4360.2160.458
PP10OP100.4400.4360.2160.480
PP20OP1001.0111.0910.1080.229
PP20OP500.5110.5450.1080.229
PP20OP100.2200.2180.2160.458
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不同组分、嵌段长度PAA的原料用量

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名称溶液A溶液B
PPOB-PAAODA/gBPDA/gPDA/gPMDA/g
PP100OB1000.4040.5880.2160.440
PP50OB500.4080.5880.2160.445
PP80OB1000.4050.7350.2160.442
PP50OB1001.0111.4710.2700.556
PP20OB1001.0111.4710.1080.229
PP10OB1002.0202.9420.1080.240
PBOP-PAAODA/gPMDA/gPDA/gBPDA/g
PB100OP1000.4040.4360.2160.594
PB50OP500.4080.4360.2160.600
PB20OP200.4200.4360.2160.618
PB10OP100.4400.4360.2160.647
PBPP-PAAPDA/gPMDA/gPDA/gBPDA/g
PB100PP1000.2180.4360.2160.594
PB50PP500.2210.4360.2160.600
OBOP-PAAODA/gPMDA/gODA/gBPDA/g
OB100OP1000.4040.4360.4000.594
OB50OP500.4080.4360.4000.600
OB20OP200.4200.4360.4000.618
OB10OP100.4400.4360.4000.647
PBOB-PAAODA/gBPDA/gPDA/gBPDA/g
PB100OB1000.4040.5880.2160.594
PB50OB500.4080.5880.2160.600
PB20OB200.4200.5880.2160.618
PB10OB100.4400.5880.2160.647
PPOP-PAAODA/gPMDA/gPDA/gPMDA/g
PP100OP1000.4040.4360.2160.440
PP50OP500.4080.4360.2160.445
PP20OP200.4200.4360.2160.458
PP10OP100.4400.4360.2160.480
PP20OP1001.0111.0910.1080.229
PP20OP500.5110.5450.1080.229
PP20OP100.2200.2180.2160.458
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PI薄膜弹性模量/MPa断裂伸长率/%拉伸强度/MPa
PP100OB1003 673.221.6552.54
PB100OP1002 995.712.9063.36
PB100PP1004 443.560.7827.75
OB100OP1002 456.694.05159.53
PB100OB1003 853.263.59105.42
PP100OP1003 734.783.5167.49
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嵌段长度为100的共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能

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PI薄膜弹性模量/MPa断裂伸长率/%拉伸强度/MPa
PP100OB1003 673.221.6552.54
PB100OP1002 995.712.9063.36
PB100PP1004 443.560.7827.75
OB100OP1002 456.694.05159.53
PB100OB1003 853.263.59105.42
PP100OP1003 734.783.5167.49
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样品名称嵌段长度
100502010
PBOP11.6212.0418.4819.95
OBOP21.9318.6915.7914.42
PBOB19.7217.4716.4314.92
PPOP12.7512.9513.9517.62
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共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的线膨胀系数

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样品名称嵌段长度
100502010
PBOP11.6212.0418.4819.95
OBOP21.9318.6915.7914.42
PBOB19.7217.4716.4314.92
PPOP12.7512.9513.9517.62
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嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺可控制备及性能研究
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崔柯雯 , 王轶 , 刘静
绝缘材料 | 聚酰亚胺薄膜专题 2021,54(11): 114-119
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绝缘材料 | 聚酰亚胺薄膜专题 2021, 54(11): 114-119
嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺可控制备及性能研究
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崔柯雯, 王轶, 刘静
作者信息
  • 桂林电子科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，广西 桂林 541004

    • 崔柯雯（2000-），女（汉族），河南郑州人，本科生，研究方向为高分子改性。

通讯作者:

刘静（1987-），女（汉族），河北衡水人，讲师，博士，研究方向为高分子改性。
Controlled Preparation and Properties of Block Copolyimide
Kewen CUI, Yi WANG, Jing LIU
Affiliations
  • School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
出版时间: 2021-11-22 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.11.016
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摘要
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通过调节不同二元胺和二元酸酐的结构和组成，实现了嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的可控制备，研究了聚酰亚胺不同的组成结构对其力学性能、热性能和线膨胀系数的影响。结果表明：依照刚性组分（如PDA、PMDA）含量的不同，其弹性模量、断裂伸长率和拉伸强度呈现规律性变化。热失重分析和热分解动力学研究表明，由于所制备聚合物的分子链具有高度苯基化和高度结构对称性，所得共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜具有优异热稳定性能，900℃时残炭率高达50%以上。而且其尺寸稳定性非常好，线膨胀系数与铜十分接近，在覆铜板和柔性器件等领域具有应用潜力。

聚酰亚胺  /  聚集态  /  嵌段共聚

By adjusting the structure and composition of different diamine and dianhydride, we realized the controllable preparation of block copolymerized polyimide films. The effects of different composition structure of polyimide on its mechanical properties, thermal properties, and linear expansion coefficient were studied. The results show that according to the difference of rigid components (such as PDA, PMDA) content, the elastic modulus, elongation at break, and tensile strength of the films change regularly. The thermogravimetric analysis and the study of thermal decomposition kinetics show that due to the high phenyl and structural symmetry of the molecular chain of the prepared polymer, PI has excellent thermal stability, and the carbon residue rate is as high as 50% at 900℃. Moreover, its dimensional stability is very good, the linear expansion coefficient is very close to that of Cu, which shows potential application in copper clad plates and flexible devices.

polyimide  /  aggregation state  /  block copolymerization
崔柯雯, 王轶, 刘静. 嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺可控制备及性能研究. 绝缘材料, 2021 , 54 (11) : 114 -119 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.11.016
Kewen CUI, Yi WANG, Jing LIU. Controlled Preparation and Properties of Block Copolyimide[J]. Insulating Materials, 2021 , 54 (11) : 114 -119 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.11.016
正文
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0 引言
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聚酰亚胺是通过二元酐和二元胺缩聚后获得的聚合物。共聚聚酰亚胺是指由两种或多种二元酐与一种或多种二元胺，或由两种或多种二元胺与一种或多种二元酐缩聚得到的聚合物。共聚聚酰亚胺的种类主要有无规、交替、嵌段3类。在大分子链中，各组分的分布是无序的为无规共聚物；各组分严格按顺序交替排列的为交替共聚物；各组分以分段形式均匀分布在大分子链中的则为嵌段共聚物。通过改变加料顺序，可以获得不同类型的共聚聚酰胺酸。
迄今为止，已报道的大多数共聚酰亚胺是无规共聚聚酰亚胺，交替和嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺则较少。YANG C P等[1]研究表明，联苯胺/对苯二胺-均苯四甲酸酐（BZD/pPDA-PMDA）嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺的热稳定性、结晶性能和力学性能均高于无规共聚聚酰亚胺。将联苯二酐-对苯二胺（BPDA-pPDA）引入均聚（3,3′4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐-联苯甲胺（BPDA-OTOL））中，其力学性能、热性能和可纺性均有提高[2-3]。Y OISHI等[4]和翟燕等[5]也报道了通过控制加料顺序可以获得pPDA/ODA-PMDA共聚聚酰亚胺，其杨氏模量随着pPDA-PMDA含量的增加呈现增大的趋势。在pPDA/ODA-BPDA共聚聚酰亚胺中，由于ODA含有醚键，分子链与pPDA相比有较大的弯曲和旋转能力，pPDA含量越大，其杨氏模量和玻璃化转变温度越高，线膨胀系数越小[5-6]。pPDA-PMDA/BPDA无规聚酰亚胺相对于均聚聚酰亚胺具有更低的线膨胀系数和残余应力。当PMDA和BPDA摩尔比为30∶70时，薄膜没有检测出残余应力[3]。aBPDA（2,2′,3,3′-联苯四甲酸二酐）-pPDA相对于sBPDA（3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐）-pPDA分子链具有更大的弯曲空间，因此aBPDA-pPDA的玻璃化转变温度和储能模量（E′）低于sBPDA-pPDA。将sBPDA-pPDA和aBPDA-pPDA共聚（sBPDA、aBPDA摩尔比为80∶20），改善并提高了sBPDA-pPDA的加工性能，同时维持了其原始材料的热性能和力学性能[7]。
目前针对嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺的研究，主要集中在改变投料配比和投料顺序，使聚酰亚胺的性能发生变化，或者将其与无规共聚聚酰亚胺进行对比。由于嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺的制备主要受控于投料顺序，从而只能确定其中一种组分的序列长度，而其他组分的序列长度依旧是无规的，不能精确地控制所有组分。本研究严格控制各嵌段组分的序列长度，并从每个嵌段的比例和序列长度研究薄膜的聚集态结构和性能的变化，为进一步研究嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺提供理论基础。
1 实验
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1.1 主要原材料
对苯二胺（p-Phenylenediamine，pPDA）、二氨基二苯醚（4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether di-(4-aminophenyl)ether，ODA）、3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐（3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride，BPDA）、均苯四甲酸二酐（pyromellitic dianhydride，PMDA）均购于上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司，纯度均为AR。二甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP）为广州试剂厂生产，除水后备用。
1.2 仪器及设备
对嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的线膨胀系数测定采用TA公司Q400型静态热机械分析仪；力学性能测试采用WD-5A型电子万能试验机；热性能测试采用耐驰科学仪器公司TG209F1 libra型热重分析仪。
1.3 样品制备
样品合成按照典型的两步法。按照二元胺总量和二元酐总量的摩尔比为1∶1，根据不同嵌段设计，各组分分别按照二胺1、酸酐1的摩尔比为x∶(x+1)，酸酐2、二胺2的摩尔比为x∶(x+1)进行聚合。
以嵌段PPOB（PDA-PMDA-ODA-BPDA）-聚酰胺酸（PAA）的合成为例，具体实验步骤如下：将ODA溶解在无水NMP中，在5℃下恒温搅拌20 min后加入BPDA，再恒温搅拌12 h，得到溶液A（以胺封端的ODA-BPDA预聚物）。将PDA溶解在无水NMP中，在5℃下恒温搅拌20 min后加入PMDA，再恒温搅拌12 h，得到溶液B（以酐封端的PDA-PMDA预聚物）。将溶液A与溶液B混合，在5℃下恒温搅拌12 h，得到嵌段共聚聚酰胺酸（PPOB-PAA）。
不同嵌段长度的聚酰胺酸原料用量如表1所示。
用厚度为200 μm的刮刀将根据表1配方制备好的共聚聚酰胺酸溶液分别涂覆在干净的玻璃板上，置于真空烘箱中，在80℃/1 h+125℃/1 h+165℃/1 h+225℃/1 h+265℃/1 h+300℃/1 h的工艺条件下进行程序化升温，然后冷却至室温，即可得到共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜。
2 结果与讨论
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2.1 PDA含量对共聚聚酰胺酸颜色的影响
因为PDA具有较强的电子极化和电荷转移络合作用，所以PDA含量的增多会导致聚酰胺酸的颜色变深。图1为嵌段长度为100的聚酰胺酸的颜色展示。
从图1可知，由于PP100OB100和PB100OP100中PDA的含量基本相同，故这两种嵌段聚酰胺酸的颜色基本相似，类似于酒红色；由于PB100PP100中PDA的含量比较高，所以PB100PP100的颜色相对于PP100OB100和PB100OP100的颜色偏深；由于OB100OP100中不含有PDA，所以OB100OP100的颜色最浅，为淡黄色。
2.2 共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能
将制备的共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜样品裁成50 mm长、10 mm宽的样条，在WD-5A电子万能试验机上以2 mm/min的速度进行拉伸，测试薄膜在室温下的弹性模量、断裂伸长率和拉伸强度。
以嵌段长度为100的共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜为例，其在室温下的弹性模量、断裂伸长率和拉伸强度如表2所示。
刚性和柔性组分含量的不同，会对薄膜的力学性能（如弹性模量、断裂伸长率、拉伸强度等）产生影响。弹性模量体现薄膜的刚性，弹性模量过小，薄膜就比较柔软，进而影响薄膜收卷运行的顺畅以及包装的效果。断裂伸长率体现薄膜的韧性，断裂伸长率过低，薄膜的脆性增加。弹性模量过小，断裂伸长率过低，都会影响薄膜在切割运行中的通畅性。拉伸强度是指使薄膜产生最大均匀塑性变形的应力，体现薄膜的耐撕裂程度，拉伸强度过低会导致薄膜容易被撕裂。
由于以上嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺中均含有刚性组分（PDA或PMDA），从表2可以看出，薄膜的断裂伸长率均低于5%，韧性差，均易发生脆性断裂。PB100PP100的断裂伸长率最小，仅为0.78%，说明其属于硬而脆的材料。由于PB100PP100中含有大量的刚性组分（PDA和PMDA），且PDA的平面刚性比PMDA强，所以其分子链局部平行堆砌排列的规整度非常大，弹性模量最高，为4 443.56 MPa，而拉伸强度最低，为27.75 MPa；由于OB100OP100中不含有PDA，且引入了柔性组分，故其弹性模量最低，为2 456.69 MPa，而拉伸强度最高，为159.53 MPa。
2.3 共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的热稳定性
热失重法是测定聚合物热稳定性常用的方法之一，通常用聚合物失重5%和10%的温度来衡量。为了研究共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的热稳定性，将制备的共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜在氮气气氛下进行TG测试，结果如图2～4所示。
由图2和图3可知，在氮气气氛下，共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜失重5%的温度在495～561℃，失重10%的温度在558～589℃；在温度为500～650℃，薄膜的热失重比较大，900℃时，残碳率达到50%以上。综上可知，不同嵌段长度的共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜均有很好的热稳定性，这主要是由于聚合物的分子链具有高度的苯基化和结构对称性，以及醚键和碳基的引入增大了分子链间的传荷络合作用。
由图4可知，对于PPOB共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜，当刚性链段PP长度固定时，随着柔性链段OB长度的增加，对应的DTG峰向低温移动；当柔性链段OB长度固定时，随着刚性链段PP长度的增加，对应的DTG峰向高温移动[4-5]。这是因为一方面当链段长度越短时，其分布越均匀，化学结构越稳定，热稳定性越好；聚合物中柔性链的增加，可使聚合物分子链的活动能力增大，热分解温度降低，热稳定性变差；另一方面，因为ODA中的醚键属于弱键，比较容易断裂，ODA含量的增加会使薄膜的热稳定性降低。因此，要增强共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的热稳定性，可适当缩短其嵌段长度，减少柔性嵌段，增加刚性嵌段。
进一步对该反应的动力学进行研究。根据反应动力学方程和Arrhenius方程，得到式（1）。
dαdt=kfa=Ae-ERTf(α)
对于动态热分解，dα/dt可写为式（2）。
dαdt=dαdTdTdt=βdαdT
把式（2）代入式（1），然后分离变量，并积分得到式（3）。
Fα=∫0αdαf(α)=Aβ-1∫0Te-ERTdT=AERβP(ERT)
根据Doyle近似[8]，可以得到式（4）。
lgFα=lgAERβ-2.315-0.4567ERT
聚合物的热分解动力学方程可表示为式（5）。
dαdt=k(1-α)n
由式（1）～（5）可得式（6）～（7）。
lg|ln(1-α)|=lgAERβ-2.315-0.4567ERT (n=1)
lg1-α1-n-11-n=lgAERβ-2.315-0.4567ERT(n≠1)
式（1）～（6）中：α为转化率；β为升温速率；A为频率因子；E为热分解活化能；R为气体常数；T为绝对温度；n为反应级数。
在相同的温度下，对于一级反应，以lg|ln(1-α)|对lgβ作图可得一系列直线[9]；对于相同的α值，以lgβ对1/T作图，亦可得一系列直线即Ozawa图，根据直线的斜率和截距可得A和E值[10]。从以上TG和DTG分析可知，合成的共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜具有相同的转化率。
图5为在氮气气氛下1/T对lgβ的关系曲线。由图5可见，在氮气气氛下两者具有很好的线性关系，这表明共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜在氮气中的热分解反应动力学均符合一级反应。
2.4 共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的尺寸稳定性
聚酰亚胺因其优异的综合性能，常被用于制造挠性覆铜板，这就要求其具有良好的尺寸稳定性，即尽可能低的线膨胀系数。为了衡量共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的尺寸稳定性，对其进行了TMA测试。将制备的共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜样品制成长为15 mm的样条，在氮气气氛下，用0.5 N的起始拉力从室温下以10℃/min的升温速率升温到350℃，得到TMA曲线，取玻璃化转变温度之前的线性部分，可得到其线膨胀系数（CTE），如表3所示。
由表3可知，制备的嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的CTE都比较低，且与铜的CTE非常接近，说明其尺寸稳定性非常好，非常适合用于挠性覆铜板；随着嵌段长度的缩短，其CTE有略微的增大；随着柔性组分的增加，CTE随着嵌段长度的缩短而降低，随着刚性组分的增加，CTE随着嵌段长度的缩短而升高。
3 结论
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（1）嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺中刚性组分和柔性组分的含量会直接影响薄膜的力学性能。刚性组分含量的增加会使弹性模量增大，断裂伸长率和拉伸强度减小。
（2）缩短共聚聚酰亚胺的嵌段长度、减少柔性链段、增加刚性链段均可提高嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜的热稳定性。
（3）以PDA、ODA、PMDA、BPDA为原料制备的嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺薄膜均具有很好的尺寸稳定性，非常适用于挠性覆铜板。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52003062)
  • 广西自然科学基金资助项目(2019GXNSFAA245042)
  • 广西人才基地专项项目(AD19110072)
文献
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2021年第54卷第11期
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.11.016
  • 接收时间：2021-04-29
  • 首发时间：2026-03-23
  • 出版时间：2021-11-22
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  • 收稿日期：2021-04-29
  • 修回日期：2021-07-01
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52003062)
广西自然科学基金资助项目(2019GXNSFAA245042)
广西人才基地专项项目(AD19110072)
作者信息
    桂林电子科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，广西 桂林 541004

通讯作者:

刘静（1987-），女（汉族），河北衡水人，讲师，博士，研究方向为高分子改性。
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jycl/CN/10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.11.016
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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