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On the basis of the impregnation mechanism analysis of oil-paper insulation, a test model of mixed insulating oil-paper impregnation was designed, and the main factors affecting the impregnation process of oil-paper insulation were discussed. The relationship diagram of the insulation impregnation length of mixed insulation oil-paper insulation with time was obtained through experiments, and it was compared with that of mineral oil-paper insulation. The results show that the impregnation effect of mixed insulating oil-paper insulation is weaker than that of mineral insulating oil, but the difference is slight. When the impregnation temperature and vacuum degree increase at the same time, the impregnation effect of the two kinds of insulating oil-paper insulation improves significantly in the impregnation stage of 12-36 h. The oil injection process of the mixed oil transformer was implemented on actual transformer, and the effectiveness of the process is verified by the high voltage test.

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在分析油纸绝缘浸渍机理的基础上,设计混合绝缘油油纸浸渍试验模型,讨论影响油纸绝缘浸渍过程的主要因素,通过试验得到混合绝缘油油纸绝缘浸渍长度随时间的关系图,并与矿物油油纸绝缘浸渍长度与时间的实测数据进行对比分析。结果表明:混合绝缘油油纸绝缘的浸渍效果稍弱于矿物绝缘油油纸绝缘,但差异不大。通过同时提高浸渍温度和真空度,两种绝缘油油纸绝缘的浸渍效果在12~36 h阶段均明显提升。在实体变压器样机实施了混合油变压器注油工艺流程,并通过高压试验验证了工艺的有效性。

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曹春诚(1972-),男(汉族),内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,高级工程师,主要从事电网运行、规划及电力工程设计的研究。

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曹春诚(1972-),男(汉族),内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,高级工程师,主要从事电网运行、规划及电力工程设计的研究。

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曹春诚(1972-),男(汉族),内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,高级工程师,主要从事电网运行、规划及电力工程设计的研究。

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label=Fig.5, caption=Oil injection process diagram, figureFileSmall=cfwlqPHofPBFZMzeA3Y8jQ==, figureFileBig=P4Vv7Ew5HHq9gH/zDUWAgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245097062732247439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242756902648660590, language=CN, label=图5, caption=注油工艺图, figureFileSmall=cfwlqPHofPBFZMzeA3Y8jQ==, figureFileBig=P4Vv7Ew5HHq9gH/zDUWAgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245097062853882258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242756902648660590, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=Dynamic viscosity of mixed insulating oil and mineral insulating oil, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度/℃动力黏度/(Pa·s)
混合绝缘油矿物绝缘油
201.763×10-21.639×10-2
401.126×10-20.913×10-2
605.817×10-35.259×10-3
803.682×10-33.178×10-3
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混合绝缘油和矿物绝缘油的动力黏度

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温度/℃动力黏度/(Pa·s)
混合绝缘油矿物绝缘油
201.763×10-21.639×10-2
401.126×10-20.913×10-2
605.817×10-35.259×10-3
803.682×10-33.178×10-3
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参数25#矿物油新型三元混合油GB 2536—2011指标
外观透明透明清澈透明
密度(20℃)/(g/cm3)0.890.8868≤0.895
运动黏度(40℃)/(mm2/s)9.211.65≤12
闪点/℃135147≥140
燃点/℃165
凝点/℃-45-33
酸值/(mgKOH/g)<0.03<0.01≤0.01
介质损耗因数(90℃)/%<0.50.47≤0.5
相对介电常数2.2(25℃)2.31(90℃)
体积电阻率/(Ω·m)≥6×1010(90℃)2.2×1010(90℃)
击穿电压/kV6078.6≥70
水分/(×10-6)≤2014≤30
), ArticleFig(id=1245097063151677852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1242756902648660590, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

矿物油与新型三元混合油的基本性能参数

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参数25#矿物油新型三元混合油GB 2536—2011指标
外观透明透明清澈透明
密度(20℃)/(g/cm3)0.890.8868≤0.895
运动黏度(40℃)/(mm2/s)9.211.65≤12
闪点/℃135147≥140
燃点/℃165
凝点/℃-45-33
酸值/(mgKOH/g)<0.03<0.01≤0.01
介质损耗因数(90℃)/%<0.50.47≤0.5
相对介电常数2.2(25℃)2.31(90℃)
体积电阻率/(Ω·m)≥6×1010(90℃)2.2×1010(90℃)
击穿电压/kV6078.6≥70
水分/(×10-6)≤2014≤30
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试验状态样品油测试温度/℃测试时间/h平均浸渍高度/mm黏度/(mm2/s)
大气压下混合油201223.017.83
3644.320.93
72150.720.01
601243.06.29
3654.06.27
72158.06.83
矿物油201230.015.24
3646.016.63
72172.317.3
601247.65.84
3658.05.62
72166.76.07
半真空下混合油201231.318.92
3643.018.58
72123.719.28
601229.06.38
3685.36.56
72114.36.52
矿物油201231.316.45
3647.716.13
72119.717.57
601227.75.89
3683.35.84
72119.05.89
全真空下混合油201226.720.9
3644.722.97
7297.322.1
601231.36.14
3676.75.22
72109.75.06
矿物油201228.317.93
3643.020.67
72112.319.10
601234.75.26
3682.35.17
72126.05.11
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3种真空度状态下油纸浸渍试验数据

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试验状态样品油测试温度/℃测试时间/h平均浸渍高度/mm黏度/(mm2/s)
大气压下混合油201223.017.83
3644.320.93
72150.720.01
601243.06.29
3654.06.27
72158.06.83
矿物油201230.015.24
3646.016.63
72172.317.3
601247.65.84
3658.05.62
72166.76.07
半真空下混合油201231.318.92
3643.018.58
72123.719.28
601229.06.38
3685.36.56
72114.36.52
矿物油201231.316.45
3647.716.13
72119.717.57
601227.75.89
3683.35.84
72119.05.89
全真空下混合油201226.720.9
3644.722.97
7297.322.1
601231.36.14
3676.75.22
72109.75.06
矿物油201228.317.93
3643.020.67
72112.319.10
601234.75.26
3682.35.17
72126.05.11
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总装配环境相对湿度器身允许曝露空气中的时间/h
≤60%<10
60%~75%<9
75%~80%<8
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在不同环境湿度下器身允许曝露时间

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总装配环境相对湿度器身允许曝露空气中的时间/h
≤60%<10
60%~75%<9
75%~80%<8
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电压等级/kV真空度/Pa器身抽真空维持时间/h注油后油面抽真空维持时间/h
35>6 000≥8≥2
105 000~6 000≥6≥1
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抽真空要求

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电压等级/kV真空度/Pa器身抽真空维持时间/h注油后油面抽真空维持时间/h
35>6 000≥8≥2
105 000~6 000≥6≥1
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新型三元混合绝缘油油纸浸渍模型研究及混合油变压器注油工艺要点
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曹春诚 1 , 张杰 2 , 罗永利 1 , 段炼 1 , 王鹏浩 1 , 罗子秋 2 , 徐萍 3
绝缘材料 | 测试与分析 2021,54(10): 93-99
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绝缘材料 | 测试与分析 2021, 54(10): 93-99
新型三元混合绝缘油油纸浸渍模型研究及混合油变压器注油工艺要点
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曹春诚1, 张杰2, 罗永利1, 段炼1, 王鹏浩1, 罗子秋2, 徐萍3
作者信息
  • 1国网呼伦贝尔供电公司,内蒙古 呼伦贝尔 021100
  • 2国网电力科学研究院 武汉南瑞有限责任公司,湖北 武汉 430074
  • 3国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000
  • 曹春诚(1972-),男(汉族),内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,高级工程师,主要从事电网运行、规划及电力工程设计的研究。

Study on A New Type Ternary Mixed Insulating Oil-paper Impregnation Model and Oil Injection Process Essential of Mixed Insulating Oil Transformer
Chuncheng CAO1, Jie ZHANG2, Yongli LUO1, Lian DUAN1, Penghao WANG1, Ziqiu LUO2, Ping XU3
Affiliations
  • 1State Grid Hulunbuir Power Supply Company, Hulunbuir 021100, China
  • 2Wuhan NARI Limited Liability Company of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China
  • 3State Grid East Inner Mongolia Electric Power Supply Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010000, China
出版时间: 2021-10-20 doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.10.015
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在分析油纸绝缘浸渍机理的基础上,设计混合绝缘油油纸浸渍试验模型,讨论影响油纸绝缘浸渍过程的主要因素,通过试验得到混合绝缘油油纸绝缘浸渍长度随时间的关系图,并与矿物油油纸绝缘浸渍长度与时间的实测数据进行对比分析。结果表明:混合绝缘油油纸绝缘的浸渍效果稍弱于矿物绝缘油油纸绝缘,但差异不大。通过同时提高浸渍温度和真空度,两种绝缘油油纸绝缘的浸渍效果在12~36 h阶段均明显提升。在实体变压器样机实施了混合油变压器注油工艺流程,并通过高压试验验证了工艺的有效性。

混合油  /  天然酯  /  浸渍  /  黏度  /  绝缘纸板  /  毛细作用

On the basis of the impregnation mechanism analysis of oil-paper insulation, a test model of mixed insulating oil-paper impregnation was designed, and the main factors affecting the impregnation process of oil-paper insulation were discussed. The relationship diagram of the insulation impregnation length of mixed insulation oil-paper insulation with time was obtained through experiments, and it was compared with that of mineral oil-paper insulation. The results show that the impregnation effect of mixed insulating oil-paper insulation is weaker than that of mineral insulating oil, but the difference is slight. When the impregnation temperature and vacuum degree increase at the same time, the impregnation effect of the two kinds of insulating oil-paper insulation improves significantly in the impregnation stage of 12-36 h. The oil injection process of the mixed oil transformer was implemented on actual transformer, and the effectiveness of the process is verified by the high voltage test.

mixed oil  /  natural ester  /  impregnation  /  viscosity  /  insulating cardboard  /  capillary action
曹春诚, 张杰, 罗永利, 段炼, 王鹏浩, 罗子秋, 徐萍. 新型三元混合绝缘油油纸浸渍模型研究及混合油变压器注油工艺要点. 绝缘材料, 2021 , 54 (10) : 93 -99 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.10.015
Chuncheng CAO, Jie ZHANG, Yongli LUO, Lian DUAN, Penghao WANG, Ziqiu LUO, Ping XU. Study on A New Type Ternary Mixed Insulating Oil-paper Impregnation Model and Oil Injection Process Essential of Mixed Insulating Oil Transformer[J]. Insulating Materials, 2021 , 54 (10) : 93 -99 . DOI: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.10.015
油纸绝缘组合是变压器内部一种典型的固液复合绝缘结构,绝缘油的浸渍和填充消除了绝缘层中的气隙,提高了绝缘层的电气强度,使得绝缘层具有长期可靠性,因此,油纸绝缘组合被认为是性能最稳定的结构[1-3]。绝缘纸板内部含有很多细小气隙和毛细管,当其中含有空气时,由于空气与绝缘纸板的介电常数相差较大,在电场作用下会使得变压器内部尤其是器身端部电场分布不均,并在起隔板作用的绝缘纸板内部小气隙处形成较高场强。而当小气隙内部的电场强度高于空气电气强度时,绝缘材料气穴内部会产生局部放电,在长期电压作用下局部放电范围会逐步扩大,造成绝缘材料老化速度加快,最终绝缘崩溃,威胁设备运行安全[4-6]。研究油-纸组合绝缘系统中绝缘纸板在绝缘油中的浸渍特性,特别是不同温度、真空度、浸渍时间等因素对其浸渍透入程度的影响,对研究混合油变压器设计和制造至关重要,也是确保变压器安全运行的关键。
到目前为止,国内外暂无关于混合油-纸板浸渍特性的研究报道。早在1984年,T SUZUKI 等[7-8]就矿物绝缘油浸渍变压器纸板进行了探索性研究,发现绝缘纸板的浸渍速度与绝缘纸板密度、浸渍温度和绝缘油的黏度相关。随着近年来混合绝缘油的研究与应用,有关混合绝缘油的制备、其基本的电气和理化性能以及加速热老化等方面的研究发现,混合绝缘油具备比矿物绝缘油更好的电气、理化性能以及抗老化性能[9-20],但在电力变压器应用尚未形成有效可行的工艺流程[21-22]。本研究在分析油纸绝缘浸渍机理的基础上,设计混合绝缘油纸浸渍试验模型,讨论影响油纸绝缘浸渍过程的主要因素,通过试验得到混合绝缘油浸渍透入纸板长度随时间的关系变化数据,并与矿物油纸板绝缘浸渍长度及时间的实测数据进行对比分析。
绝缘油的动力黏度对绝缘纸板的浸渍特性影响很大。在绝缘纸的浸渍过程中,绝缘油的动力黏度越低,其在绝缘纸毛细管内流动的阻力就越小,浸渍速度也越快,因此,在绝缘纸板浸渍过程中,应使绝缘油保持较低的动力黏度。表1给出了矿物油和混合油在不同温度状态下的动力黏度。
表1可以看出,在相同环境压力下,相同温度下的混合绝缘油动力黏度稍高于矿物绝缘油,并且两种绝缘油的动力黏度随温度的升高呈指数下降。因此,在理论上可通过提高浸渍温度降低两种绝缘油的动力黏度,从而达到提高浸渍速度的目的。
当绝缘油与绝缘纸的接触界面张力比绝缘油内部分子的吸引力大时,固体绝缘料里面毛细管中的绝缘油表面会形成向下凹的曲面,同时绝缘油表面张力具有尽可能缩小其表面积的作用,使其表面产生向上的引力。当绝缘纸内部和外部没有压力差,其浸渍仅受毛细管引力作用时,绝缘纸的浸渍长度与浸渍时间呈线性关系,主要由绝缘油的表面张力、动力黏度和油纸间接触角等绝缘油性质决定。
为了提高油纸绝缘的浸渍速度和透入深度,通常在维持外部压力恒定的状态下,尽量减小绝缘纸板的内部压力。虽然在浸渍前已经对绝缘纸板进行真空干燥处理,但其内部仍然残留少量气体,使得绝缘纸内部存在很小的气压。在浸渍过程中,假定绝缘纸板的内部结构是一个封闭的空间,绝缘纸板的内部压力会随着浸渍长度的增加而升高,导致油纸绝缘的浸渍始终是动态过程,考虑了绝缘纸板内部压力后,油纸绝缘的浸渍是很复杂的动态过程。而且绝缘纸板预处理时采用的真空压力越低,毛细管在单位时间内的浸渍距离越长,油纸绝缘的浸渍速度就越快。
根据前面的分析及变压器油纸绝缘系统的工艺实施过程,制定了在不同压力环境和不同温度条件下的绝缘纸板浸渍矿物油和混合油的浸渍试验方案。
本试验采用的两种绝缘油分别为国产25#矿物绝缘油和课题组自行研发的新型三元混合绝缘油,其物理特性如表2所示。绝缘油和绝缘纸板采用试验室自行设计的真空浸渍设备进行预处理,绝缘油在使用前,经脱气、干燥处理。绝缘纸板选用厚度为4 mm的普通纸板。
将绝缘纸板裁剪成250 mm×35 mm×4 mm的尺寸,裁剪数量共108片,放置于电热真空干燥箱(中山凯旋真空技术工程有限公司DZF-6050型)内,设置温度为105℃,全真空干燥24 h。出箱后将干燥冷却后的绝缘纸板逐个浸入电工绝缘漆中约2 s后取出,再放入烘箱加热至90℃保持3~4 h固化(注意纸板平面上的漆膜不得被剐蹭或污损)。然后继续用剪板机将绝缘纸板两端各切去约10 mm,使绝缘纸板两端的纸芯暴露出来,从而能在后续的浸渍试验中给予绝缘油浸渍的唯一路径通道,即只能沿纸板条下端朝向上端透入。最后在制作好的尺寸为230 mm×35 mm×4 mm的纸板条一端,钻一个直径为2 mm或3 mm的小孔,用来穿铜线悬挂固定,如图1所示。
纸板样品除底面与上端面外,其余4面均匀覆盖了绝缘漆膜,将样品垂直放置于试验油杯的绝缘油中,使绝缘油只能从样品底部向顶部浸渍,如图2所示。
依据图2,使用4个容量为3 L的试验油杯,每个油杯外需要使用厚度为4 mm的硬纸板钻孔后用胶带缠紧固定。这4个试验油杯中任意2个油杯装混合绝缘油,另2个油杯装矿物绝缘油,保证油在杯内的深度为210~220 mm。每个油杯分别放入一次试验所需的9支绝缘纸板条。在大气压状态下试验时,分别将一个混合绝缘油试验杯和一个矿物绝缘油试验杯放置在20℃模拟常温环境下,另一个混合绝缘油试验杯和一个矿物绝缘油试验杯放置在60℃烘箱中。
在试验过程中,分别在浸渍12、36、72 h后从每个试验油杯中各取出3支绝缘纸板条,纵向沿中线切开,测量并记录浸渍高度。
重复上述试验步骤,分别在大气压(0.101 MPa)、半真空(相对真空度为-0.05 MPa)与全真空(相对真空度为-0.101 MPa)3种状态下,在常温(约20℃)与60℃两种温度场中,将浸入矿物油与混合油的纸板随时间增长所形成的浸渍高度进行对比,从而论证两种油品在不同压力和温度下浸渍高度和速度的研究分析。
测试纸板条分别在浸渍12、36、72 h后随机抽取出3支切开,分别测量浸渍高度并算出平均值,表3是实测浸渍平均高度与绝缘油黏度的数据。
图34是混合油和矿物油在不同压力、不同温度下,绝缘油纸在不同时间段的浸渍高度。图中每个油品对应的3个柱状从左至右分别对应的时间分别是12、36、72 h,每一个颜色的柱高代表每次试验3个测试纸板条的平均浸渍高度。
对比图34可知,在60℃温度场中,12~36 h这段时间内,浸渍速度明显加快,浸渍高度显著提升。但是在浸渍72 h后,半真空与全真空下的浸渍高度差别不大,且比大气压状态下小。这是由于大气压的存在使得液体的渗透力较大,样条下端部压力更大,造成相同时间内浸渍高度更高,即浸渍速度更快。而随着温度的增高,液体的黏度减小,更容易进入纸板条中。外部压力越大时,相同时间内浸渍高度越高,浸渍速度越快。而当真空或半真空时,油面压力小,浸渍速度慢,浸渍高度低。
通过对比混合绝缘油油纸和矿物绝缘油油纸的浸渍试验结果可以发现,整个浸渍过程受绝缘油的动力黏度、油纸的毛细管作用及纸板内部压力的影响。两种绝缘油的每组对比试验所使用的试验材料与环境状态完全一样,因此影响绝缘纸内部和外部压力差及毛细管引力的参数条件基本无差异,这两项数据在此不做研究比对。绝缘纸板条的浸渍高度与浸渍时间仍呈线性关系,说明两种绝缘油的浸渍过程主要受绝缘油的动力黏度与真空度影响。
基于绝缘油纸浸渍试验数据对比的结果表明,随着绝缘油浸渍高度的增加,纸板的内部压力和摩擦力会阻止绝缘油的推进,影响两种绝缘油的浸渍高度。因此,降低纸板的内部压力就可以提高纸板的油浸速度。虽然纸板的零初始压力很难实现,但可以通过抽真空的方式获得较低的内部压力,达到提升浸渍效率的目的。从图3可见,两种绝缘油在20℃常温下动力黏度都较高,因此随着真空度的提高,绝缘油在纸板内所受到的阻力较大,一定程度上影响了绝缘油朝上的渗透力,在此温度下,提高真空度也无法对提升浸渍高度起到明显效果。为了克服黏度的影响,将绝缘油的温度提高到60℃进行浸渍试验,绝缘油动力黏度下降,纸板内阻力降低。相比20℃、大气压下,浸渍高度仅在12 h前后提升较明显,后续由于绝缘油渗透力逐渐被自身重力及纸板内部摩擦力抵消,到72 h后的浸渍高度基本与20℃、大气压下相同。当相对真空度提高到-0.05 MPa和-0.101 MPa时,油纸浸渍高度上升则主要在12~36 h。这是由于在浸渍的前12 h,浸渍高度主要受绝缘油渗透力的作用,当真空度提高到-0.05 MPa和-0.101 MPa时,浸渍72 h后出现了浸渍高度反而不如大气压状态的现象,这同样是由于浸渍72 h后,真空度对浸渍高度的影响逐渐被绝缘油自身重力及纸板内所受的摩擦力抵消。
由此可见,对浸渍高度的影响因素中,温度是影响第一要素,其次是真空度,且二者共同作用形成的影响主要在12~36 h的试验中程段。另外,虽然较高的温度下绝缘油的动力黏度会相应降低,但是如果温度过高,则浸渍的绝缘纸板反倒会加速老化降解,使力学性能受损,因此工业浸渍程序的温度一般设置在40~60℃。试验结果表明,选择60℃作为两种绝缘油的浸渍温度,相对真空度维持在 -0.05 MPa,浸渍36 h后,浸渍的高度可达到该时间段中最高水平。同样,这也证明了混合油同时受温度和真空度的作用,可以使浸渍效果达到最佳。然而浸渍时长超过72 h,在大气压下浸渍即可达到良好的浸渍效果。
将该检测结果应用到工厂的变压器产品当中时,混合油与绝缘纸的浸渍可设置温度60 ℃,相对真空度在-0.05 MPa的半真空状态,浸渍36 h,油纸浸渍的效果处于最佳状态。而当混合油应用在大型变压器时,由于大型变压器内部绝缘厚度较大,浸渍难度增加,可相应延长浸渍的时间,或者在非电气屏蔽处钻孔,增加绝缘油浸渍路径,提高浸渍效率。
上述研究表明,干燥的绝缘材料在混合油中的浸渍效果在60℃温度条件,油箱在-0.05 MPa的半真空状态,浸渍36 h的情况下最好。根据上述研究结果,确定了混合油变压器的注油工艺,并对两台样机实物实施。图5给出了注油所需的油路图,以确保所需要的注油条件。
首先要确保变压器器身充分预干燥,保证固体绝缘材料充分排除水分。干燥后器身允许曝露空气中的时间应符合规定时间,如表4所示,若超过此时间,则应延长对变压器本体油箱的抽真空时间,延长时间为超过时间的2倍,但器身在空气中的一次最长曝露时间不应超过30 h,否则重新回炉干燥。
在正常情况下,油箱应抽到表5规定的真空度,且维持这个真空度直至抽真空结束。达到规定的真空度及真空维持时间后,可以进行真空注油,注油的油温应保持在55~65℃,注油的速度应控制在4~5 t/h,用手触摸油箱外壁,通过油温感知本体内的注油高度,当注油至距油箱顶盖约100 mm时关闭阀门停止注油,按规定时间继续抽油面真空直至结束。真空注油结束后变压器需静置36 h以上。
结果表明,样机均一次性通过高压试验,说明该工艺有效。
(1)通过绝缘纸板条浸渍试验,模拟了绝缘纸板在温度、真空度及绝缘油动力黏度等主要因素影响和相互作用下的浸渍情况。研究发现,选择温度为60℃,真空度为-0.05 MPa,浸渍时间为36 h,两种绝缘油的浸渍效率最佳。结合工厂对生产的需要,这也是具有较强适用性的方案选择。
(2)通过浸渍试验分析,混合绝缘油与矿物绝缘油在相同条件下,总体上浸渍高度的差异不大,且由于受动力黏度差异的影响,矿物绝缘油浸渍高度略高于混合绝缘油。选择温度为60℃,真空度为-0.05 MPa,浸渍36 h,混合绝缘油纸的浸渍高度最高,因此结合上述状态条件,可以最大程度降低动力黏度与纸板内部摩擦力对浸渍效率的影响。
(3)确定了混合油变压器注油工艺流程,并在实体变压器样机实施,样机均通过高压试验,验证了工艺的有效性。
  • 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司科学技术项目(WNJ191-0282)
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doi: 10.16790/j.cnki.1009-9239.im.2021.10.015
  • 接收时间:2020-12-24
  • 首发时间:2026-03-23
  • 出版时间:2021-10-20
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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-24
  • 修回日期:2021-04-20
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国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司科学技术项目(WNJ191-0282)
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    1国网呼伦贝尔供电公司,内蒙古 呼伦贝尔 021100
    2国网电力科学研究院 武汉南瑞有限责任公司,湖北 武汉 430074
    3国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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