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A series of accelerated thermal ageing tests were conducted on some nuclear cables. On the basis of Arrhenius model, the apparent activation energy of nuclear cable materials was obtained using the elongation at break method and the dielectric loss spectrum method, and the effect of activation energy variation on the ageing life evaluation of nuclear cable materials was studied. Then the thermal ageing reference curves of nuclear cable materials were developed on the basis of fixed activation energy and varying activation energy, respectively, and verified by experiments. The results show that the apparent activation energy decreases gradually with the ageing of cable materials. A small change of apparent activation energy will have great impact on the life evaluation of cable materials. The thermal ageing reference curve on the basis of varying activation energy is more consistent with the actual ageing trend of cable materials, which can be used for the ageing life evaluation of nuclear cable materials.
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对某核电厂核级电缆开展加速热老化试验,基于Arrhenius模型,采用断裂伸长率法和介质损耗频谱法获取核级电缆材料的表观活化能,研究活化能变化对电缆材料寿命评估的影响,然后分别基于固定活化能和变化活化能开发核级电缆材料的热老化基准曲线,并进行试验验证。结果表明:表观活化能随电缆材料的老化呈逐渐减小的趋势;表观活化能的微小变化会对电缆材料的寿命评估产生较大影响,基于变化活化能的热老化基准曲线更符合电缆材料的实际老化趋势,可用于核级电缆材料的老化寿命评估。
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王雷(1987-),女(汉族),安徽亳州人,高级工程师,主要从事核电厂电仪设备状态监检测与老化状态管理方面的研究。
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80(2):268-273., articleTitle=Degradation mechanisms of cable insulation materials during radiation-thermal ageing in radiation environment, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1222482915922011067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, awardId=HNKJ18-H44 HTR-PM, language=CN, fundingSource=华能集团总部科技项目(HNKJ18-H44 HTR-PM), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1222482910960149183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1222482910964343488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, companyId=1222482910960149183, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Elongation at break over time of cable sheath at different temperature, figureFileSmall=KKQR2KnRrBshOXLZ3CaPQQ==, figureFileBig=+5VptIcJaBIh87iSDBtrrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914001019735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
不同温度下电缆护套断裂伸长率随时间的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=KKQR2KnRrBshOXLZ3CaPQQ==, figureFileBig=+5VptIcJaBIh87iSDBtrrA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914168791902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Dielectric spectra response curves of cables at different temperatures, figureFileSmall=R6ou5BWMOYaG6riFHuUEtg==, figureFileBig=Yo2mpIjSELzC2IjQjUe0vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914227512162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
电缆在不同温度下的介电频谱响应曲线, figureFileSmall=R6ou5BWMOYaG6riFHuUEtg==, figureFileBig=Yo2mpIjSELzC2IjQjUe0vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914319786856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Calculation result of cable dielectric loss temperature compensation factor formula, figureFileSmall=apN84u/wvnbuCY5udYX7Xw==, figureFileBig=ph8N3UBqoT8UFBkxV7YYMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914395284332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
电缆介质损耗温度补偿因子公式计算结果, figureFileSmall=apN84u/wvnbuCY5udYX7Xw==, figureFileBig=ph8N3UBqoT8UFBkxV7YYMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914470781807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
SEM image of cable insulation surface before and after thermal ageing, figureFileSmall=lSHDwwi3N07PRu3d6JGWxw==, figureFileBig=OyundPUdX589tff725vxZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914613388150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
热老化前后电缆绝缘材料表面SEM图, figureFileSmall=lSHDwwi3N07PRu3d6JGWxw==, figureFileBig=OyundPUdX589tff725vxZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914705662845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Cable ageing reference curve based onfixed activation energy, figureFileSmall=12NIlG1Ax2E+lOZAUtjGig==, figureFileBig=TcyLysMyXuhKJK5MjjcSgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914781160320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
基于固定活化能的电缆老化基准曲线, figureFileSmall=12NIlG1Ax2E+lOZAUtjGig==, figureFileBig=TcyLysMyXuhKJK5MjjcSgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914852463492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Cable ageing reference curve based onvarying activation energy, figureFileSmall=a3DzVk2F0DHTdNOvsmJF5g==, figureFileBig=ptTM4TllGAwtfAqIytjW/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482914944738186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
基于变化活化能的电缆老化基准曲线, figureFileSmall=a3DzVk2F0DHTdNOvsmJF5g==, figureFileBig=ptTM4TllGAwtfAqIytjW/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222482915041207183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Elementary reaction process inaerobic environment, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 序号 | 阶段 | 基元反应 |
|---|
| 1 | 链引发 | ROOH→ RO•+•OH 2ROOH→ RO•+RO2•+H2O |
| 2 | 链增长 | R•+O2→RO2• RO2•+RH→ROOH+ R• |
| 3 | 链终止 | 2R•→R-R RO2•+ R•→ROOR 2RO2•→稳定产物+ O2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915137676180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
有氧环境下的基元反应进程
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 序号 | 阶段 | 基元反应 |
|---|
| 1 | 链引发 | ROOH→ RO•+•OH 2ROOH→ RO•+RO2•+H2O |
| 2 | 链增长 | R•+O2→RO2• RO2•+RH→ROOH+ R• |
| 3 | 链终止 | 2R•→R-R RO2•+ R•→ROOR 2RO2•→稳定产物+ O2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915217367960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Activation energy of cable sheath underdifferent ageing conditions, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 断裂伸长率/% | Ea/(kJ/mol) |
|---|
| 101 | 109.909 |
| 102 | 110.112 |
| 109 | 111.543 |
| 110 | 111.754 |
| 119 | 113.739 |
| 120 | 113.969 |
| 129 | 116.022 |
| 130 | 116.237 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915334808478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
电缆护套材料在不同老化状态下的活化能
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 断裂伸长率/% | Ea/(kJ/mol) |
|---|
| 101 | 109.909 |
| 102 | 110.112 |
| 109 | 111.543 |
| 110 | 111.754 |
| 119 | 113.739 |
| 120 | 113.969 |
| 129 | 116.022 |
| 130 | 116.237 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915414500259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Activation energy of cable insulation under different ageing conditions based on dielectric loss test, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 加速热老化时间/h | 介质损耗测试温度/℃ | 活化能/(kJ/mol) |
|---|
| 768.00 | 50~100 | 81.26 |
| 974.75 | 50~100 | 81.90 |
| 1364.57 | 50~100 | 75.04 |
| 1631.07 | 50~100 | 59.53 |
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基于介质损耗测试获取的不同老化状态下电缆绝缘活化能
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 加速热老化时间/h | 介质损耗测试温度/℃ | 活化能/(kJ/mol) |
|---|
| 768.00 | 50~100 | 81.26 |
| 974.75 | 50~100 | 81.90 |
| 1364.57 | 50~100 | 75.04 |
| 1631.07 | 50~100 | 59.53 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915590661033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=
Oxidation-induced temperature of cable insulation under different ageing conditions, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试样老化状态 | 氧化诱导温度/℃ |
|---|
| 热老化0 h | 276.7 |
| 135℃下热老化212 h | 254.7 |
| 135℃下热老化481 h | 228.0 |
| 135℃下热老化638 h | 221.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915666158507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
电缆绝缘在不同老化状态下的氧化诱导温度
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试样老化状态 | 氧化诱导温度/℃ |
|---|
| 热老化0 h | 276.7 |
| 135℃下热老化212 h | 254.7 |
| 135℃下热老化481 h | 228.0 |
| 135℃下热老化638 h | 221.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915724878766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=
Thermal ageing reference curve deviation at 135℃, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
断裂 伸长率 /% | 实际老化 时间/h | 固定活化能 | 变化活化能 |
|---|
| 评估老化时间/h | 偏差率/% | 评估老化时间/h | 偏差率/% |
|---|
| 145.18 | 212.5 | 275 | 29.4 | 251 | 18.1 |
| 134.35 | 850.5 | 618 | 27.3 | 747 | 12.2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222482915808764853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149653034449285133, articleId=1222482906652598783, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
135℃下热老化基准曲线偏差计算
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
断裂 伸长率 /% | 实际老化 时间/h | 固定活化能 | 变化活化能 |
|---|
| 评估老化时间/h | 偏差率/% | 评估老化时间/h | 偏差率/% |
|---|
| 145.18 | 212.5 | 275 | 29.4 | 251 | 18.1 |
| 134.35 | 850.5 | 618 | 27.3 | 747 | 12.2 |
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