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‘Huzhen No.6’ was a new white strain of Hypsizygus marmoreus bred by hybridization from protoplast monokaryon of strain ‘1007’ and spore monokaryon of strain ‘1306’. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis showed that it was distinctive in comparison with the parents. ‘Huzhen No.6’ exhibits high yield and short cultivation cycle, meeting factory production requirements. ‘Huzhen 11’ is a new grey strain of H. marmoreus developed through single-spore self-crossing of parental strain HM22. SSR analysis verified that it had unique genetic profile as compared with the parent. This strain displays uniform morphology, more fruiting and high yield. ‘Huzhen 17’ is a new grey strain of H. marmoreus bred by hybridization from parent HM21 by multiple spore self-cross-breeding. Compared with its parents, ‘Huzhen 17’ showed more fruiting and elongated stipes. These three varieties (‘Huzhen No.6’, ‘Huzhen 11’ and ‘Huzhen 17’) are unambiguously distinguished from commercial cultivars through verification of SSR fingerprinting profiles.

, correspAuthors=Yingying WU, Dapeng BAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*WU Yingying, ;
BAO Dapeng,
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斑玉蕈Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘沪真6号’是以‘1007’菌株和‘1306’菌株为亲本采用原生质体单核体与孢子单核体进行杂交选育出来的白色新品种,经SSR鉴定表明与亲本相比具有自身特异性。‘沪真6号’具有产量高,菌龄短等优良特性,能够满足工厂化生产需求。‘沪真11号’是对亲本‘HM22’进行单孢自交选育出来的“蟹味菇”新品种,经SSR鉴定表明与亲本相比具有自身特异性。‘沪真11号’菇形整齐,菇蕾数较多,产量相对较高;‘沪真17号’是对亲本‘HM21’进行多孢自交选育出来的“蟹味菇”新品种,经SSR鉴定表明与亲本相比具有自身特异性。‘沪真17号’与亲本相比菇蕾数较多,菌柄较细长。3个新品种均可通过SSR指纹图谱与市场上现有品种进行有效区分。

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SSR marker fingerprint of Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen 17 hao’ strain and its construction method and application: CN202110163012.6. 2021-05-14 (in Chinese), articleTitle=SSR marker fingerprint of Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256518492187124434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021b, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Zhou CL, Li Y, Wu YY, Bao DP, Wan JN, Mao WJ, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou CL, Li Y, Wu YY, Bao DP, Wan JN, Mao WJ, 2021b. SSR marker fingerprint of Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen NO.6’ strain and its construction method and application: CN202110158832.6. 2021-05-14 (in Chinese), articleTitle=SSR marker fingerprint of Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen NO., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256518493902594772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=801, pageEnd=824, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=戴玉成, 杨祝良, journalName=菌物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=戴玉成, 杨祝良, 2008. 中国药用真菌名录及部分名称的修订. 菌物学报,27: 801-824, articleTitle=中国药用真菌名录及部分名称的修订, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256518493999063769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=29, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=戴玉成, 周丽伟, 杨祝良, 文华安, 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journalName=中国食用菌, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国食用菌协会, 2024. 2022年度全国食用菌统计调查结果分析. 中国食用菌, 43(1): 118-126, articleTitle=2022年度全国食用菌统计调查结果分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256518495546761960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021a, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=周陈力, 李燕, 吴莹莹, 鲍大鹏, 陈洪雨, 王莹, journalName=一种真姬菇沪真17号菌种的SSR标记指纹图谱及其构建方法与应用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周陈力, 李燕, 吴莹莹, 鲍大鹏, 陈洪雨, 王莹, 2021a. 一种真姬菇沪真17号菌种的SSR标记指纹图谱及其构建方法与应用:CN202110163012.6. 2021-05-14, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256518496087827185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021b, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=周陈力, 李燕, 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journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, companyId=1256518451154248001, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (South), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256518451171025220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, companyId=1256518451154248001, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所 国家食用菌工程技术研究中心 农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室 上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海 201403)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1256518471203021327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=A comparison of the fruiting bodies of new Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen No.6’ and the control varieties ‘1036’, ‘1007’. A: ‘Huzhen No.6’; B: ‘1036’; C: ‘1007’., figureFileSmall=d4wNH7hMuYx7Cca+tQ3HAw==, figureFileBig=EuwOoeGcXK47UY+dGmtlsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256518472079630868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=CN, label=图1, caption=斑玉蕈新品种‘沪真6号’和对照品种‘1036’及‘1007’子实体情况比较 A:‘沪真6号’;B:‘1036’;C:‘1007’, figureFileSmall=d4wNH7hMuYx7Cca+tQ3HAw==, figureFileBig=EuwOoeGcXK47UY+dGmtlsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256518473774129705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=A comparison of the fruiting bodies of new Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen 11’ and the control variety ‘HM22’. A: ‘Huzhen No.11’; B: ‘HM22’., figureFileSmall=sQ2+AdnhCdc5u55iRNYV0w==, figureFileBig=b4GdlZ+CsttdewouP2jSWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256518474273251885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=CN, label=图2, caption=斑玉蕈新品种‘沪真11号’和对照品种‘HM22’子实体情况比较 A:‘沪真11号’;B:‘HM22号’, figureFileSmall=sQ2+AdnhCdc5u55iRNYV0w==, figureFileBig=b4GdlZ+CsttdewouP2jSWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256518476227797561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=A comparison of the fruiting bodies of new Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen 17’ and the control variety ‘HM21’. A: ‘Huzhen No.17’; B: ‘HM21’., figureFileSmall=Ljc6jAGm7WIcmLjF206ppQ==, figureFileBig=3wZ//LgmVnVaYrrfCCW0/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256518476638839361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=CN, label=图3, caption=斑玉蕈新品种‘沪真17号’和对照品种‘HM21’子实体情况比较 A:‘沪真17号’;B:‘HM21号’, figureFileSmall=Ljc6jAGm7WIcmLjF206ppQ==, figureFileBig=3wZ//LgmVnVaYrrfCCW0/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256518477217653322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

A comparison of agronomic traits between Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen No.6’ and the control varieties (commercial cultivar)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
‘沪真6号’
‘Huzhen
No.6’
市售“白玉菇”
(1007)
Commercial
cultivar (1007)
菌盖直径
Cap diameter/mm
17.24 14.59
菌盖厚度
Cap thickness/mm
6.95 7.10
菌柄直径
Stipe diameter/mm
9.10 8.26
菌柄长度
Stipe length/mm
68.59 72.24
子实体产量
Fruiting body yield/g
184.50 167.08
子实体数量
Number of fruiting bodies
72.63 78.72
菌龄
Period of spawn running/d
95 97
), ArticleFig(id=1256518477897130579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

‘沪真6号’与亲本(市售“白玉菇”)农艺性状对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
‘沪真6号’
‘Huzhen
No.6’
市售“白玉菇”
(1007)
Commercial
cultivar (1007)
菌盖直径
Cap diameter/mm
17.24 14.59
菌盖厚度
Cap thickness/mm
6.95 7.10
菌柄直径
Stipe diameter/mm
9.10 8.26
菌柄长度
Stipe length/mm
68.59 72.24
子实体产量
Fruiting body yield/g
184.50 167.08
子实体数量
Number of fruiting bodies
72.63 78.72
菌龄
Period of spawn running/d
95 97
), ArticleFig(id=1256518478740185691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

A comparison of agronomic traits among Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen 11’, the control variety ‘HM 22’ and commercial cultivar ‘xie wei gu’

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
‘沪真11号’
‘Huzhen No.11’
HM22 市售“蟹味菇”
Commercial cultivar ‘xie wei gu’
菌盖直径 Cap diameter/mm 13.98 19.41 14.61
菌盖厚度 Cap thickness/mm 7.09 6.36 8.15
菌盖颜色 Cap color 褐色 Brown 褐色 Brown 褐色 Brown
菌盖斑点大小 Size of cap spots 大 Large 大 Large 中 Medium
菌盖斑点密度 Density of cap spots ++ ++ +++
斑点清晰度 Clarity of spots *** *** **
菌褶排列方式 Arrangement of gills 放射状 Radial 波浪状 Undulate 放射状 Radial
菌柄直径 Stipe diameter/mm 6.05 9.32 7.82
菌柄长度 Stipe length/mm 59.74 44.12 64.70
子实体产量 Fruiting body yield/g 184.68 143.90 170.24
子实体数量 Number of fruiting bodies 102.16 53.86 94.22
菌龄 Period of spawn running/d 100 108 103
), ArticleFig(id=1256518480485016162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

‘沪真11号’与亲本‘HM22’以及市售“蟹味菇”农艺性状对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
‘沪真11号’
‘Huzhen No.11’
HM22 市售“蟹味菇”
Commercial cultivar ‘xie wei gu’
菌盖直径 Cap diameter/mm 13.98 19.41 14.61
菌盖厚度 Cap thickness/mm 7.09 6.36 8.15
菌盖颜色 Cap color 褐色 Brown 褐色 Brown 褐色 Brown
菌盖斑点大小 Size of cap spots 大 Large 大 Large 中 Medium
菌盖斑点密度 Density of cap spots ++ ++ +++
斑点清晰度 Clarity of spots *** *** **
菌褶排列方式 Arrangement of gills 放射状 Radial 波浪状 Undulate 放射状 Radial
菌柄直径 Stipe diameter/mm 6.05 9.32 7.82
菌柄长度 Stipe length/mm 59.74 44.12 64.70
子实体产量 Fruiting body yield/g 184.68 143.90 170.24
子实体数量 Number of fruiting bodies 102.16 53.86 94.22
菌龄 Period of spawn running/d 100 108 103
), ArticleFig(id=1256518480908640876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

A comparison of agronomic traits among Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘Huzhen No.17’, the control variety ‘HM 21’ and commercial cultivar ‘xie wei gu’

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
‘沪真17号’
‘Huzhen No.17’
HM21 市售“蟹味菇”
Commercial cultivar ‘xie wei gu’
菌盖直径 Cap diameter/mm 12.77 19.49 14.61
菌盖厚度 Cap thickness/mm 7.69 5.94 8.15
菌盖颜色 Cap color 浅褐色 Light brown 褐色 Brown 褐色 Brown
菌盖斑点大小 Size of cap spots 小 Small 小 Small 中 Medium
菌盖斑点密度 Density of cap spots +++ +++ +++
斑点清晰度 Clarity of spots ** ** **
菌褶排列方式 Arrangement of gills 波浪状 Undulate 波浪状 Undulate 放射状 Radial
菌柄直径 Stipe diameter/mm 6.12 9.20 7.82
菌柄长度 Stipe length/mm 54.27 53.08 64.70
子实体产量 Fruiting body yield/g 174.09 138.59 170.24
子实体数量 Number of fruiting bodies 91.91 35.93 94.22
菌龄 Period of spawn running/d 101 108 103
), ArticleFig(id=1256518481734918770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1255847803461844995, articleId=1256518443503837454, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

‘沪真17号’与亲本‘HM21’以及市售“蟹味菇”品种农艺性状对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
‘沪真17号’
‘Huzhen No.17’
HM21 市售“蟹味菇”
Commercial cultivar ‘xie wei gu’
菌盖直径 Cap diameter/mm 12.77 19.49 14.61
菌盖厚度 Cap thickness/mm 7.69 5.94 8.15
菌盖颜色 Cap color 浅褐色 Light brown 褐色 Brown 褐色 Brown
菌盖斑点大小 Size of cap spots 小 Small 小 Small 中 Medium
菌盖斑点密度 Density of cap spots +++ +++ +++
斑点清晰度 Clarity of spots ** ** **
菌褶排列方式 Arrangement of gills 波浪状 Undulate 波浪状 Undulate 放射状 Radial
菌柄直径 Stipe diameter/mm 6.12 9.20 7.82
菌柄长度 Stipe length/mm 54.27 53.08 64.70
子实体产量 Fruiting body yield/g 174.09 138.59 170.24
子实体数量 Number of fruiting bodies 91.91 35.93 94.22
菌龄 Period of spawn running/d 101 108 103
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斑玉蕈三个新品种的选育报告
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周陈力 , 李燕 , 万佳宁 , 吴莹莹 * , 鲍大鹏 *
菌物学报 | 新品种快报 2026,45(3): 240320
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菌物学报 | 新品种快报 2026, 45(3): 240320
斑玉蕈三个新品种的选育报告
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周陈力, 李燕, 万佳宁, 吴莹莹* , 鲍大鹏*
作者信息
  • 上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所 国家食用菌工程技术研究中心 农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室 上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海 201403
Three new cultivars of Hypsizygus marmoreus
Chenli ZHOU, Yan LI, Jianing WAN, Yingying WU* , Dapeng BAO*
Affiliations
  • National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (South), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
出版时间: 2026-03-22 doi: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.240320
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斑玉蕈Hypsizygus marmoreus ‘沪真6号’是以‘1007’菌株和‘1306’菌株为亲本采用原生质体单核体与孢子单核体进行杂交选育出来的白色新品种,经SSR鉴定表明与亲本相比具有自身特异性。‘沪真6号’具有产量高,菌龄短等优良特性,能够满足工厂化生产需求。‘沪真11号’是对亲本‘HM22’进行单孢自交选育出来的“蟹味菇”新品种,经SSR鉴定表明与亲本相比具有自身特异性。‘沪真11号’菇形整齐,菇蕾数较多,产量相对较高;‘沪真17号’是对亲本‘HM21’进行多孢自交选育出来的“蟹味菇”新品种,经SSR鉴定表明与亲本相比具有自身特异性。‘沪真17号’与亲本相比菇蕾数较多,菌柄较细长。3个新品种均可通过SSR指纹图谱与市场上现有品种进行有效区分。

品种选育  /  杂交  /  斑玉蕈

‘Huzhen No.6’ was a new white strain of Hypsizygus marmoreus bred by hybridization from protoplast monokaryon of strain ‘1007’ and spore monokaryon of strain ‘1306’. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis showed that it was distinctive in comparison with the parents. ‘Huzhen No.6’ exhibits high yield and short cultivation cycle, meeting factory production requirements. ‘Huzhen 11’ is a new grey strain of H. marmoreus developed through single-spore self-crossing of parental strain HM22. SSR analysis verified that it had unique genetic profile as compared with the parent. This strain displays uniform morphology, more fruiting and high yield. ‘Huzhen 17’ is a new grey strain of H. marmoreus bred by hybridization from parent HM21 by multiple spore self-cross-breeding. Compared with its parents, ‘Huzhen 17’ showed more fruiting and elongated stipes. These three varieties (‘Huzhen No.6’, ‘Huzhen 11’ and ‘Huzhen 17’) are unambiguously distinguished from commercial cultivars through verification of SSR fingerprinting profiles.

variety breeding  /  hybridization  /  Hypsizygus marmoreus
周陈力, 李燕, 万佳宁, 吴莹莹, 鲍大鹏. 斑玉蕈三个新品种的选育报告. 菌物学报, 2026 , 45 (3) : 240320 - . DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.240320
Chenli ZHOU, Yan LI, Jianing WAN, Yingying WU, Dapeng BAO. Three new cultivars of Hypsizygus marmoreus[J]. Mycosystema, 2026 , 45 (3) : 240320 - . DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.240320
斑玉蕈Hypsizygus marmoreus (Peck) H.E. Bigelow隶属于担子菌门Basidiomycota、蘑菇纲Agaricomycetes、蘑菇目Agaricales、离褶伞科Lyophyllaceae、玉蕈属Hypsizygus,是一种珍稀食药用菌(戴玉成和杨祝良 2008;戴玉成等 2010),其子实体提取物、菌丝发酵液等具有广泛的生物活性(Kala et al. 2024),具有清除体内自由基、降血压、抗氧化和延缓衰老等功效。我国于20世纪80年代从日本引进并对其开展相关研究,在山西、河北、河南,山东,江苏、上海、福建均有栽培。到2022年全国斑玉蕈工厂化生产总量达到54.62万t (中国食用菌协会 2024),是我国工厂化栽培食用菌中的重要品类。
外观品质对食用菌的商品性具有重要影响,与人们的消费习惯关系密切。目前白色斑玉蕈(白玉菇)市场上价格更贵,更受消费者喜爱。但是白玉菇产量不高,采摘易散开,不易包装,不能满足市场需求,亟待开发新的品种。亲本‘1306’菌盖颜色褐色、菌龄长、采摘不易散开易包装。亲本‘1007’菌盖颜色洁白,菇型整齐。但‘1007’存在着菌龄短、产量低、采摘易散开不易包装的缺陷。针对‘1007’的上述缺陷,本研究团队从2016年起对‘1007’和‘1306’进行系统杂交选育,优化品种。对‘1007’通过原生质体单核化,获得了原生质体单核菌株。‘1306’出菇后选取菇型好无病虫害的子实体进行了单孢分离,获得了95株孢子单核体。将‘1306’的孢子单核体菌株与‘1007’的原生质体单核体菌株进行杂交,获得双核体。选取菌丝生长速度快的双核体菌株进行小试出菇。以亲本为对照。选育出的‘沪真6号’,菇盖颜色为象牙白色,产量比亲本高,菌龄比亲本短,经SSR鉴定表明与亲本及市售“白玉菇”相比具有自身特异性(周陈力等 2021b)。2018年起在多地多模式开展了‘沪真6号’生产栽培,2023年9月获得国内首批斑玉蕈植物新品种权(CNA 20191001375)。
‘沪真11号’的亲本菌株是保存在上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所菌种库的斑玉蕈菌株‘HM22’,菌盖颜色褐色,呈大理石斑纹,且中间深褐色,四周褐色;但菇形不整齐,菇蕾数较少,产量较低。针对‘HM22’的上述缺陷,育种者从2016年起对‘HM22’进行单孢自交。选育目标为菇形整齐,菇蕾数较多,产量相对较高的具有大理石斑纹的褐色菌株。利用对本实验保存的‘HM22’菌株进行出菇,收集新鲜子实体的孢子,加水进行浓度梯度稀释,在孢子数目达到104时进行涂布;在孢子萌发后,挑取单菌落并进行镜检,对获得的单核体进行交配型鉴定,将亲和的交配型孢子单核体两两之间进行配对,得到的双核体杂交子进行栽培出菇,最后筛选出农艺性状优于亲本的菌株‘沪真11号’。经SSR鉴定表明与亲本及市售“蟹味菇”相比具有自身特异性(李燕等 2021)。2023年9月获得国内首批斑玉蕈植物新品种权(CNA20201003727)。
‘沪真17号’的亲本是保存在上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所菌种库的斑玉蕈菌株‘HM21’,菇盖颜色较浅,表面斑点小且均匀,优点在于菇形优美,总体菇形整齐,缺点在于菇柄较短粗,菇蕾数较少,因此,本实验的目的在于筛选一个菇柄相对亲本较长,菇蕾数较多的浅褐色菌株。收集亲本菌株‘HM21’的孢子进行多孢自交,通过栽培和筛选获得目标菌株。从2016年7月份起,开始3次试种,最终筛选出‘沪真 17号’。经SSR鉴定表明与亲本及市售“蟹味菇”相比具有自身特异性(周陈力等 2021a)。2023年9月获得国内首批斑玉蕈植物新品种权(CNA20201003750)。
‘沪真6号’子实体簇生,瘦长型;菌盖白色,菌盖纵切面顶端呈圆形,菌盖平均直径为17.24 mm,平均厚度6.95 mm;菌柄白色,绒毛极少,平均长度68.59 mm,平均直径9.1 mm;菌褶排列规则,为放射状,密度中(图1)。‘沪真6号’平均产量为184.50 g/瓶(栽培瓶的规格为850 mL)。PDA培养基25 ℃条件下平均生长速度为6.26 mm/d,菌丝粗壮洁白,边缘整齐平整。栽培种培养基配方:玉米芯40%-50% (质量百分比,下同)、杂木屑20%-30%、米糠10%-15%、麸皮15%-20%,玉米粉5%,其中,基质含水量60%-66%。属于短菌龄品种,出菇比对照品种缩短了2 d。结果表明:与市场上现有“白玉菇”(亲本‘1007’)相比,‘沪真6号’菌株栽培周期短,提早2 d,为早熟品种;菇盖比亲本大18.16%;包裹性好不易开伞,产量比亲本高10.43%,适合工厂化生产(表1)。
‘沪真11号’菇形整齐,子实体簇生;菌盖较小,菌盖中心颜色较深暗褐色边缘褐色,菌盖平均直径13.98 mm,平均厚度7.09 mm;菌柄灰色,无绒毛,平均长度59.74 mm,平均直径6.05 mm;菌褶灰黄色,排列规则,为波浪状,密度中(图2);菇蕾数较多,平均每瓶是102.16根。‘沪真11号’平均产量为184.68 g/瓶(栽培瓶的规格为850 mL),比对照亲本增产28.34%。PDA培养基25 ℃条件下平均生长速度为5.82 mm/d,菌丝粗壮洁白,边缘整齐平整。栽培种培养基配方:玉米芯40%-50% (质量百分比,下同)、杂木屑20%-30%、米糠10%-15%、麸皮15%-20%,玉米粉5%,其中,基质含水量60%-66%。与亲本‘HM22’相比,‘沪真11号’菇蕾数较多为亲本的189.68%,菇盖较小仅为亲本的72.02%,菌柄长度为亲本的135.40%,菌柄直径为亲本的64.91%,产量比亲本提高了28.34% (表2)。与市售“蟹味菇”相比,菌盖更小更薄,斑点更大且较为清晰,菌柄偏白,产量高8.48%。
‘沪真17号’子实体散生;菌盖浅褐色,边缘灰褐色,菌盖纵切面顶端呈圆形,菌盖平均直径12.77 mm,平均厚度7.69 mm;菌柄黄白色,无绒毛,平均长度54.27 mm,平均直径6.12 mm (图3);菌褶浅橙黄色,排列规则,为波浪状,密度中。‘沪真17号’平均产量为174.09 g/瓶(栽培瓶的规格为850 mL),比对照亲本增产25.62%。PDA培养基25 ℃条件下平均生长速度为6.06 mm/d,菌丝粗壮洁白,边缘整齐平整。栽培种培养基配方:玉米芯40%-50% (质量百分比,下同)、杂木屑20%-30%、米糠10%-15%、麸皮15%-20%,玉米粉5%,其中,基质含水量60%-66%。与亲本‘HM21’相比‘沪真17号’,菇蕾数较多(表3),为亲本的255.80%,菌盖颜色浅,斑点小而均匀,菌柄偏白且细长,菌盖直径和菌柄长度比为1:4.25,亲本为1:2.72,较亲本更为细长。与市售“蟹味菇”相比,菌盖颜色浅,斑点小而均匀,产量与市售“蟹味菇”相似,高2.26%。
斑玉蕈‘沪真6号’ ‘沪真11号’和‘沪真17号’均为工厂化栽培品种,没有地域限制,一年四季均可种植。利用机械装瓶,出菇瓶采用850 mL的聚丙烯塑料瓶,利用接种机进行接种。
‘沪真6号’在菌丝培养阶段,培养房的温度为22-24 ℃,相对湿度60%-70%,避光,CO2浓度2 000-4 000 μg/mL。发菌培养75 d后搔菌注水,出菇温度14-16 ℃,1-3 d恢复期出菇湿度100%,4-8 d出菇湿度96%,CO2浓度控制在1 000-2 000 μg/mL;9-20 d,出菇湿度100%,CO2浓度控制在2 500-3 000 μg/mL。搔菌后1-3 d黑暗培养,4 d后逐渐增加光照强度,每天间隙式开启层架灯刺激出菇,栽培周期约20 d。
‘沪真11号’和‘沪真17号’栽培条件一致。发菌期培养温度22-25 ℃,相对湿度60%-70%,避光,CO2浓度2 000-4 000 μg/mL。出菇培养80 d后搔菌注水,出菇温度13-15 ℃,1-10 d,出菇湿度98%,11-21 d,出菇湿度100%,出菇CO2浓度控制在1 000-2 000 μg/mL。搔菌后1-6 d光照强度为50-100 lx,7d后光照强度为100-300 lx,每天间隙式开启层架灯刺激出菇,周期约20-21 d。
  • 上海市现代农业产业技术体系[沪农科产字(2026)第9号]
  • 上海市农科院卓越团队建设计划(沪农科卓[2022]014)
  • 云南省鲍大鹏专家工作站(202305AF150196)
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2026年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.240320
  • 接收时间:2024-11-24
  • 首发时间:2026-04-30
  • 出版时间:2026-03-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-24
  • 录用日期:2026-01-20
基金
Agriculture Research System of Shanghai, China(202609)
上海市现代农业产业技术体系[沪农科产字(2026)第9号]
Excellent Team Plan of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2022014)
上海市农科院卓越团队建设计划(沪农科卓[2022]014)
Yunnan Province BAO Dapeng Expert Workstation Construction Project(202305AF150196)
云南省鲍大鹏专家工作站(202305AF150196)
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    上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所 国家食用菌工程技术研究中心 农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室 上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海 201403

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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