计算机辅助设计与图形学学报

曲面高精度次表面散射渲染方法

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赵双龙 ¹⁾ , 郭兵 ²⁾^,^* , 沈艳 ³⁾

计算机辅助设计与图形学学报 | 三维图形计算 2025,37(12): 2077-2087

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计算机辅助设计与图形学学报 |三维图形计算 2025 , 37 (12) : 2077 -2087

曲面高精度次表面散射渲染方法

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赵双龙¹⁾, 郭兵²⁾^,^*, 沈艳³⁾

作者信息

¹⁾四川大学华西医院设备物资部　成都　610041

²⁾四川大学嵌入式系统及大数据管理实验室　成都　610065

³⁾成都信息工程大学计算机学院　成都　610225

通讯作者:

（guobing@scu.edu.cn）

作者简介:

赵双龙（1995—），男，硕士，助理工程师，主要研究方向为实时渲染

郭兵（1970—），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，CCF会员，论文通信作者，主要研究方向为区块链、大数据管理、绿色计算；

沈艳（1973—），女，博士，教授，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为大数据、嵌入式系统.

High Precision Subsurface Scattering Rendering Technique for Curved Surfaces

Shuanglong Zhao¹⁾, Bing Guo²⁾^,^*, Yan Shen³⁾

Affiliations

¹⁾Equipment and Materials Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu　610041

²⁾Embedded Systems and Big Data Management Laboratory, Sichuan University, Chengdu　610065

³⁾School of Computer Science, Chengdu Univercity of Information Technology, Chengdu　610225

出版时间: 2025-12-20 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2024-00101

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摘要

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次表面散射光是确保半透明材料视觉效果的关键因素，在电影游戏、虚拟现实中有重要的应用价值. 针对现有技术依赖平面漫反射剖面，导致渲染复杂曲面时存在散射光颜色失真、阴影过渡生硬的问题，提出一种基于多极子模型的预积分方法，以提高曲面模型次表面散射精度. 首先使用多极子模型构建准确的曲面单层和多层漫反射剖面；然后对漫反射剖面预先积分并将结果保存到查找表中，通过增加单次散射进一步提高散射精度；最后在实时渲染时结合贴图模糊技术，提高平均曲率的准确性. 为了提高特定情况的散射效果，讨论了透射光对散射效果的贡献. 针对人脸渲染的实验结果表明，所提方法在SSIM和RMSE等各项误差指标中均优于现有预积分方法，在保证渲染速度的同时能够消除之前的曲面散射误差，有效地提高渲染真实感.

关键词

次表面散射 / 实时渲染 / 真实感渲染

Abstract

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Subsurface scattering is a key factor in ensuring the visual effects of translucent materials, and it holds significant application value in film, gaming, virtual reality, and digital twin technology. However, existing technologies rely on planar diffusion profiles, which lead to issues such as color distortion and harsh shadow transitions when rendering complex surfaces. To address these issues, this paper proposes a pre-integration method based on multipole theory to enhance the accuracy of subsurface scattering on surface models. Initially, it employs the multipole model to build accurate single-layer and multi-layer diffusion profiles for surfaces. Subsequently, these diffusion profiles are pre-integrated into a Lookup Table (LUT), and single scattering is included to further improve the scattering precision. Lastly, during real-time rendering, texture blur techniques are used in conjunction with LUT to improve the accuracy of the average curvature. Moreover, the paper discusses the contribution of transmitted light to the scattering effect in order to enhance the scattering in specific scenarios. Experiments focused on facial rendering demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing pre-integration techniques in error metrics such as SSIM and RMSE, and effectively eliminates previous errors in surface scattering while maintaining rendering speed and significantly enhancing the realism of the render.

Key words

subsurface scattering / real-time rendering / realistic rendering

引用本文

赵双龙, 郭兵, 沈艳. 曲面高精度次表面散射渲染方法. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2025 , 37 (12) : 2077 -2087 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2024-00101

Shuanglong Zhao, Bing Guo, Yan Shen. High Precision Subsurface Scattering Rendering Technique for Curved Surfaces[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2025 , 37 (12) : 2077 -2087 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2024-00101

基金

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国家自然科学基金面上项目(62172061)

参考文献

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参考文献引证文献

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2025年第37卷第12期

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文章信息

doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2024-00101

接收时间：2024-02-27
首发时间：2026-10-10
出版时间：2025-12-20

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出版历史

收稿日期：2024-02-27
修回日期：2024-09-19

基金

国家自然科学基金面上项目(62172061)

作者信息

¹⁾四川大学华西医院设备物资部　成都　610041

²⁾四川大学嵌入式系统及大数据管理实验室　成都　610065

³⁾成都信息工程大学计算机学院　成都　610225

通讯作者:

（guobing@scu.edu.cn）

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jsjfzsj/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1089.2024-00101

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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