Article(id=1246845543863968317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1246845538742719188, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1545667200000, receivedDateStr=2018-12-25, revisedDate=1551369600000, revisedDateStr=2019-03-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1775200742927, onlineDateStr=2026-04-03, pubDate=1577203200000, pubDateStr=2019-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1775200742927, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1775200742927, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775200742927, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1246845538742719188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2019', volume='41', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='176', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1775200741706, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775200890782, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1246846164105060671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1246845538742719188, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1246846164105060672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1246845538742719188, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=145, endPage=155, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1246845544203706949, articleId=1246845543863968317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Distribution of dissolved organic matter in different water masses in the Yellow Sea in summer, columnId=1243954928637559095, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Marine Chemistry, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the investigation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Yellow Sea from August to September 2017, the spatial distributions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) were studied in the Yellow Sea. In surface seawater, CDOM was higher in the nearshore water, which might be caused by the relatively significant influence by the river input, while colorless DOC concentration in the north Yellow Sea Cold Water (YSCW) area was enhanced by aquaculture. The DOC concentration decreased along depth in the water column, but an inverse trend for CDOM, especially in the YSCW area. Terrestrial DOC input and primary production were mainly responsible for the surface DOC enhancement, while photobleaching induced the decrease of CDOM. Additionally, photobleaching also decreased the molecular weight and aromaticity of CDOM in surface water. In the YSCW, O2 was slightly unsaturated, with the saturation degree of 80%–93%. In this area, strong stratification prevented the vertical diffusion of O2 to bottom water. Additionally, stratification could also restrain the vertical mixing of DOC and CDOM, which was mainly responsible for the large difference of DOC and CDOM between surface and bottom waters.

, correspAuthors=Guisheng Song, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Haiyang Xuebao, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yichao Wang, Xiaoyan Liu, Guisheng Song, Huixiang Xie), CN=ArticleExt(id=1246845545566855791, articleId=1246845543863968317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=夏季黄海不同水团溶解有机物分布特征, columnId=1243954928834691394, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=海洋化学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

依据2017年8—9月对黄海海域溶解有机物(DOM)的调查,探讨了夏季黄海海水中溶解有机碳(DOC)和有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的空间分布特征。在表层海水中,受陆源影响较大的近岸海域CDOM含量相对较高,北黄海冷水团区域由于水产养殖的饵料引起DOC浓度升高,且该部分DOC以无色为主。DOC浓度随深度逐渐降低,而CDOM逐渐升高,该特征在冷水团区域更为显著,因此DOC和CDOM在冷水团区域的表底差异远大于浅水区的非冷水团区域。陆源输入和初级生产是引起表层DOC升高的主要原因,而光漂白则引起CDOM降低,同时光漂白还导致表层水体中CDOM分子量和芳香性低于底层。底层溶解氧饱和度在冷水团为80%~93%,均表现为弱不饱和状态。层化不仅阻碍了O2向底层水体输送,还抑制了DOC和CDOM的垂向混合,这是引起冷水团区域表底层DOC和CDOM差异较大的主要原因。

, correspAuthors=宋贵生, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*宋贵生,副教授,主要从事海洋有机生物地球化学与近海低氧、酸化形成机制研究。E-mail:
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王艺超(1993—),男,四川省盐源县人,主要研究方向为海洋有机生物地球化学。E-mail:

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王艺超(1993—),男,四川省盐源县人,主要研究方向为海洋有机生物地球化学。E-mail:

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Marine Chemistry, 2010, 119(1/4): 121−129., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1254506330669126480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家科技部重点研发计划(2016YFC1401602);国家自然科学基金(41606098);天津市自然科学基金(16JCQNJC08000)。, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1254506319969456797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506319982039710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, companyId=1254506319969456797, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506319998816927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, companyId=1254506319969456797, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1254506320187560610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506320212726435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, companyId=1254506320187560610, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506320317584037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, companyId=1254506320187560610, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072)]), AuthorCompany(id=1254506320531493543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506320548270760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, companyId=1254506320531493543, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Institute of Marine Sciences of Rimouski, University of Quebec at Rimouski, Quebec G5L 3A1, Canada), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506320565047977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, companyId=1254506320531493543, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 加拿大魁北克大学里姆斯基分校 海洋科学研究所,魁北克 里姆斯基 G5L 3A1)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1254506326328021780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Map of sampling stations and current system in the Yellow Sea in summer 2017 (see Tab. 1 for detailed sampling information)

The red dashed lines represent the boundaries between different geographic areas as indicated in the map, while the blue solid lines show the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass areas. Currents are: the Bohai Sea Coastal Water (BSCoW), the Yellow Sea Coastal Water (YSCoW), the Western Korea Coastal Water (WKCoW), the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW), the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC), the Kuroshi Current (KC), and the Tsushima Warm Water (TWW)

, figureFileSmall=y73QPYDdDySw8MFXvJizlg==, figureFileBig=aw0v2zmRlyTX6HkFx5tqNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506326445462294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=CN, label=图1, caption=2017年夏季黄海海区采样站位与水团分布(站位详细信息见表1

红色虚线表示渤海、北黄海、南黄海以及东海之间的分界线,蓝色实线区域显示黄海冷水团区域。字母缩写分别代表: 渤海沿岸流(BSCoW)、黄海沿岸流(YSCoW)、朝鲜沿岸流(WKCoW)、长江冲淡水(CDW)、台湾暖流(TWC)、黑潮(KC)、对马暖流(TWW)

, figureFileSmall=y73QPYDdDySw8MFXvJizlg==, figureFileBig=aw0v2zmRlyTX6HkFx5tqNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506326613234459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Mean values of DO%, DOC, a 330, E 2/E 3, and SUVA254 in surface and bottom waters in the Yellow Sea in summer 2017

Error bars indicate one standard deviation

, figureFileSmall=bzD3pFOErASm0TXWk77f5Q==, figureFileBig=LCgRRHVvhd1bPniWLDNe0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506326806172448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=CN, label=图2, caption=2017年夏季黄海表层与底层DO%、DOC、a 330E 2/E 3和SUVA254平均值

误差棒表示一个标准偏差

, figureFileSmall=bzD3pFOErASm0TXWk77f5Q==, figureFileBig=LCgRRHVvhd1bPniWLDNe0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506326994916131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Vertical distributions of temperature, salinity, DO%, DOC, a 330, E 2/E 3 and SUVA254 at typical stations in the Yellow Sea in summer 2017

Stations H09 and B30 are located inside the South and North Yellow Sea Cold Water Masses, and stations H21 and B25 are located outside the South and North Yellow Sea Cold Water Masses

, figureFileSmall=PX5l3FjBhpYvM6ioU9sKCQ==, figureFileBig=zfRtyo/NbwT7601MXEuTUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506328798466856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=CN, label=图3, caption=2017年夏季黄海典型站位温度、盐度、DO%、DOC、a 330E 2/E 3和SUVA254垂直分布

H09、B30:南、北黄海典型冷水团站位;H21、B25:南、北黄海典型非冷水团站位

, figureFileSmall=PX5l3FjBhpYvM6ioU9sKCQ==, figureFileBig=zfRtyo/NbwT7601MXEuTUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506329012376367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=AOU in bottom wate and differences in DOC, a 330, Δ(E 2/E 3), and SUVA254 between surface and bottom waters in the Yellow Sea in summer 2017

ΔDOC and Δ(E 2/E 3) are surface water values minus bottom water values,while Δa 330 and ΔSUVA254 are bottom water values minus surface water values

, figureFileSmall=nLujDEaGQePdPJL6YdY+UQ==, figureFileBig=O+x3vjuz0GkebvVbY/xmwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506329125622580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=CN, label=图4, caption=2017年夏季黄海底层AOU以及表底层DOC、a 330、Δ(E 2/E 3)和SUVA254差值

ΔDOC、Δ(E 2/E 3)为表层的值减去底层的值,Δa 330、ΔSUVA254为底层的值减去表层的值

, figureFileSmall=nLujDEaGQePdPJL6YdY+UQ==, figureFileBig=O+x3vjuz0GkebvVbY/xmwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506329360503609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sampling date, coordinates, water depth and sampling depths of each station in the Yellow Sea in summer 2017

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位 调查时间 经纬度 水深/m 采样深度/m
南黄海
H01 8月29日 35.999°N, 121.009°E 30.4 3.0,14.9,24.8
H03 8月29日 36.000°N, 121.668°E 36.0 3.9,11.9,19.8,32.8
H05 8月30日 35.997°N, 122.327°E 52.0 3.6,11.9,20.9,48.6
H07* 8月31日 36.002°N, 122.999°E 71.0 4.0,22.8,34.7,68.0
H09* 9月1日 36.002°N, 124.000°E 76.0 4.0,19.8,31.8,73.4
H10* 9月2日 35.000°N, 123.996°E 80.0 4.0,19.9,39.7,78.3
H12* 9月2日 35.001°N, 122.994°E 73.0 4.1,19.8,39.7,71.2
H14* 9月2日 34.999°N, 122.337°E 60.5 4.0,19.9,30.8,57.4
H16 9月2日 34.998°N, 121.663°E 45.0 3.8,15.9,29.7,42.8
H18 9月3日 35.000°N, 120.998°E 36.5 4.0,10.0,17.8,34.6
H19 9月3日 34.001°N, 121.402°E 17.5 2.8,9.0,15.8
H21 9月3日 34.006°N, 122.000°E 18.5 2.9,8.9,16.9
H24 9月3日 34.000°N, 123.081°E 68.0 3.0,14.9,27.8,66.2
H26* 9月4日 34.002°N, 124.001°E 78.5 3.0,14.8,29.7,77.2
H27 9月4日 33.005°N, 124.001°E 50.0 3.6,14.9,29.7,47.2
H29 9月4日 33.000°N, 122.999°E 32.0 4.0,12.9,26.8
H32 9月4日 33.005°N, 121.999°E 18.0 3.0,8.9,14.9
B01* 9月9日 36.466°N, 122.962°E 60.0 3.0,13.9,29.8,58.4
B03 9月9日 36.823°N, 122.601°E 36.0 2.7,17.9,33.6
B05 9月9日 36.998°N, 122.876°E 30.0 2.8,13.9,27.5
B07* 9月9日 37.001°N, 123.426°E 72.0 3.2,21.8,35.8,70.1
B09* 9月9日 36.999°N, 124.001°E 75.0 3.1,20.8,37.7,72.3
BS01* 9月10日 37.394°N, 123.978°E 70.0 2.9,21.8,35.7,68.3
BS03* 9月10日 37.401°N, 123.372°E 75.0 3.1,25.8,36.8,69.4
BS05 9月10日 37.400°N, 122.833°E 37.0 3.0,19.9,33.7
北黄海
B12 9月10日 37.721°N, 122.952°E 65.0 3.1,22.9,32.8,63.1
B15 9月10日 38.440°N, 123.482°E 66.0 2.7,19.9,33.8,63.2
B17 9月11日 38.966°N, 123.911°E 53.5 3.1,14.9,27.8,51.4
B19 9月11日 39.220°N, 123.602°E 36.0 2.9,18.9,34.4
B21 9月11日 38.862°N, 123.003°E 52.4 1.9,11.9,22.9,49.6
B23* 9月11日 38.222°N, 122.738°E 52.0 4.0,12.0,25.8,49.4
B25 9月11日 37.693°N, 122.472°E 28.0 3.1,14.9,26.4
B26 9月12日 37.699°N, 122.003°E 23.0 3.1,11.9,20.9
), ArticleFig(id=1254506329515692862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2017年夏季黄海海区各站位采样时间、经纬度、水深以及采样深度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位 调查时间 经纬度 水深/m 采样深度/m
南黄海
H01 8月29日 35.999°N, 121.009°E 30.4 3.0,14.9,24.8
H03 8月29日 36.000°N, 121.668°E 36.0 3.9,11.9,19.8,32.8
H05 8月30日 35.997°N, 122.327°E 52.0 3.6,11.9,20.9,48.6
H07* 8月31日 36.002°N, 122.999°E 71.0 4.0,22.8,34.7,68.0
H09* 9月1日 36.002°N, 124.000°E 76.0 4.0,19.8,31.8,73.4
H10* 9月2日 35.000°N, 123.996°E 80.0 4.0,19.9,39.7,78.3
H12* 9月2日 35.001°N, 122.994°E 73.0 4.1,19.8,39.7,71.2
H14* 9月2日 34.999°N, 122.337°E 60.5 4.0,19.9,30.8,57.4
H16 9月2日 34.998°N, 121.663°E 45.0 3.8,15.9,29.7,42.8
H18 9月3日 35.000°N, 120.998°E 36.5 4.0,10.0,17.8,34.6
H19 9月3日 34.001°N, 121.402°E 17.5 2.8,9.0,15.8
H21 9月3日 34.006°N, 122.000°E 18.5 2.9,8.9,16.9
H24 9月3日 34.000°N, 123.081°E 68.0 3.0,14.9,27.8,66.2
H26* 9月4日 34.002°N, 124.001°E 78.5 3.0,14.8,29.7,77.2
H27 9月4日 33.005°N, 124.001°E 50.0 3.6,14.9,29.7,47.2
H29 9月4日 33.000°N, 122.999°E 32.0 4.0,12.9,26.8
H32 9月4日 33.005°N, 121.999°E 18.0 3.0,8.9,14.9
B01* 9月9日 36.466°N, 122.962°E 60.0 3.0,13.9,29.8,58.4
B03 9月9日 36.823°N, 122.601°E 36.0 2.7,17.9,33.6
B05 9月9日 36.998°N, 122.876°E 30.0 2.8,13.9,27.5
B07* 9月9日 37.001°N, 123.426°E 72.0 3.2,21.8,35.8,70.1
B09* 9月9日 36.999°N, 124.001°E 75.0 3.1,20.8,37.7,72.3
BS01* 9月10日 37.394°N, 123.978°E 70.0 2.9,21.8,35.7,68.3
BS03* 9月10日 37.401°N, 123.372°E 75.0 3.1,25.8,36.8,69.4
BS05 9月10日 37.400°N, 122.833°E 37.0 3.0,19.9,33.7
北黄海
B12 9月10日 37.721°N, 122.952°E 65.0 3.1,22.9,32.8,63.1
B15 9月10日 38.440°N, 123.482°E 66.0 2.7,19.9,33.8,63.2
B17 9月11日 38.966°N, 123.911°E 53.5 3.1,14.9,27.8,51.4
B19 9月11日 39.220°N, 123.602°E 36.0 2.9,18.9,34.4
B21 9月11日 38.862°N, 123.003°E 52.4 1.9,11.9,22.9,49.6
B23* 9月11日 38.222°N, 122.738°E 52.0 4.0,12.0,25.8,49.4
B25 9月11日 37.693°N, 122.472°E 28.0 3.1,14.9,26.4
B26 9月12日 37.699°N, 122.003°E 23.0 3.1,11.9,20.9
), ArticleFig(id=1254506329758962499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Ranges and means of temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen saturation degree in the Yellow Sea in summer 2017

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
层次 海区 区域 水温/℃ 盐度 DO/%
表层 南黄海 冷水团 24.1~25.9 31.3~32.0 111%~114%
n=11 (25.1±0.7) (31.7±0.2) (112%±1%)
非冷水团 23.1~27.1 30.0~31.7 100%~123%
n=14 (24.9±1.1) (31.3±0.5) (112%±5%)
北黄海 冷水团 24.3~24.6 31.5~31.8 112%~114%
n=3 (24.5±0.2) (31.7±0.1) (113%±1%)
非冷水团 22.6~24.9 31.5~31.9 109%~132%
n=10 (23.9±0.7) (31.6±0.1) (115%±6%)
底层 南黄海 冷水团 7.4~9.6 32.2~32.9 81%~93%
n=11 (8.4±0.5) (32.4±0.2) (86%±5%)
非冷水团 10.4~27.1 31.1~32.9 15%~113%
n=14 (19.0±5.6) (31.9±0.5) (90%±23%)
北黄海 冷水团 6.6~9.0 32.2~32.3 80%~91%
n=3 (7.9±1.0) (32.3±0.1) (86%±5%)
非冷水团 10.4~23.7 31.5~32.2 85%~108%
n=10 (18.5±4.9) (31.9±0.3) (97%±8%)
), ArticleFig(id=1254506330052563782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845543863968317, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2017年夏季黄海海区温度、盐度、溶解氧饱和度的变化范围及平均值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
层次 海区 区域 水温/℃ 盐度 DO/%
表层 南黄海 冷水团 24.1~25.9 31.3~32.0 111%~114%
n=11 (25.1±0.7) (31.7±0.2) (112%±1%)
非冷水团 23.1~27.1 30.0~31.7 100%~123%
n=14 (24.9±1.1) (31.3±0.5) (112%±5%)
北黄海 冷水团 24.3~24.6 31.5~31.8 112%~114%
n=3 (24.5±0.2) (31.7±0.1) (113%±1%)
非冷水团 22.6~24.9 31.5~31.9 109%~132%
n=10 (23.9±0.7) (31.6±0.1) (115%±6%)
底层 南黄海 冷水团 7.4~9.6 32.2~32.9 81%~93%
n=11 (8.4±0.5) (32.4±0.2) (86%±5%)
非冷水团 10.4~27.1 31.1~32.9 15%~113%
n=14 (19.0±5.6) (31.9±0.5) (90%±23%)
北黄海 冷水团 6.6~9.0 32.2~32.3 80%~91%
n=3 (7.9±1.0) (32.3±0.1) (86%±5%)
非冷水团 10.4~23.7 31.5~32.2 85%~108%
n=10 (18.5±4.9) (31.9±0.3) (97%±8%)
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夏季黄海不同水团溶解有机物分布特征
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王艺超 1 , 刘小艳 1 , 宋贵生 2, * , Huixiang Xie 1, 3
海洋学报 | 海洋化学 2019,41(12): 145-155
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海洋学报 | 海洋化学 2019, 41(12): 145-155
夏季黄海不同水团溶解有机物分布特征
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王艺超1 , 刘小艳1, 宋贵生2, * , Huixiang Xie1, 3
作者信息
  • 1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
  • 2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072
  • 3 加拿大魁北克大学里姆斯基分校 海洋科学研究所,魁北克 里姆斯基 G5L 3A1
  • 王艺超(1993—),男,四川省盐源县人,主要研究方向为海洋有机生物地球化学。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*宋贵生,副教授,主要从事海洋有机生物地球化学与近海低氧、酸化形成机制研究。E-mail:
Distribution of dissolved organic matter in different water masses in the Yellow Sea in summer
Yichao Wang1 , Xiaoyan Liu1, Guisheng Song2, * , Huixiang Xie1, 3
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
  • 2 School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
  • 3 Institute of Marine Sciences of Rimouski, University of Quebec at Rimouski, Quebec G5L 3A1, Canada
出版时间: 2019-12-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.014
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依据2017年8—9月对黄海海域溶解有机物(DOM)的调查,探讨了夏季黄海海水中溶解有机碳(DOC)和有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的空间分布特征。在表层海水中,受陆源影响较大的近岸海域CDOM含量相对较高,北黄海冷水团区域由于水产养殖的饵料引起DOC浓度升高,且该部分DOC以无色为主。DOC浓度随深度逐渐降低,而CDOM逐渐升高,该特征在冷水团区域更为显著,因此DOC和CDOM在冷水团区域的表底差异远大于浅水区的非冷水团区域。陆源输入和初级生产是引起表层DOC升高的主要原因,而光漂白则引起CDOM降低,同时光漂白还导致表层水体中CDOM分子量和芳香性低于底层。底层溶解氧饱和度在冷水团为80%~93%,均表现为弱不饱和状态。层化不仅阻碍了O2向底层水体输送,还抑制了DOC和CDOM的垂向混合,这是引起冷水团区域表底层DOC和CDOM差异较大的主要原因。

黄海冷水团  /  缺氧  /  溶解有机碳  /  有色溶解有机物

Based on the investigation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Yellow Sea from August to September 2017, the spatial distributions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) were studied in the Yellow Sea. In surface seawater, CDOM was higher in the nearshore water, which might be caused by the relatively significant influence by the river input, while colorless DOC concentration in the north Yellow Sea Cold Water (YSCW) area was enhanced by aquaculture. The DOC concentration decreased along depth in the water column, but an inverse trend for CDOM, especially in the YSCW area. Terrestrial DOC input and primary production were mainly responsible for the surface DOC enhancement, while photobleaching induced the decrease of CDOM. Additionally, photobleaching also decreased the molecular weight and aromaticity of CDOM in surface water. In the YSCW, O2 was slightly unsaturated, with the saturation degree of 80%–93%. In this area, strong stratification prevented the vertical diffusion of O2 to bottom water. Additionally, stratification could also restrain the vertical mixing of DOC and CDOM, which was mainly responsible for the large difference of DOC and CDOM between surface and bottom waters.

Yellow Sea Cold Water  /  low oxygen  /  dissolved organic carbon  /  chromophoric dissolved organic matter
王艺超, 刘小艳, 宋贵生, Huixiang Xie. 夏季黄海不同水团溶解有机物分布特征. 海洋学报, 2019 , 41 (12) : 145 -155 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.014
Yichao Wang, Xiaoyan Liu, Guisheng Song, Huixiang Xie. Distribution of dissolved organic matter in different water masses in the Yellow Sea in summer[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2019 , 41 (12) : 145 -155 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.014
溶解有机物(DOM)是海洋最大的有机碳储库[1-3],在海洋碳循环过程中扮演着重要角色[4],对全球碳循环和气候变化都具有重要意义[5]。海水中DOM的来源可分为外部来源和内部来源:外部来源有大气沉降和河流输入[6-7],而内部来源主要包括浮游植物细胞释放的光合产物、浮游动物摄食导致浮游植物细胞受损并使可溶性组分进入水体、浮游动/植物排泄物的溶解和浮游生物遗体的腐解等[8-11]。海水中DOM转化路径包括微生物降解和非生物过程:微生物降解指海洋原核生物和真核生物摄取DOM将其作为营养物质和电子供体[12-15];非生物过程包括光化学降解、吸附于有机颗粒物、凝聚成致密颗粒物等过程[16-19]
黄海的水团主要有沿岸水团、南黄海高盐水团和黄海中央水团3类最基本的水团。其中,黄海中央水团分布在黄海中央水下洼地区域,黄海冷水团是其典型的水团[20]。研究显示,夏季黄海冷水团的物理、化学性质与其他水团存在着明显的差异。黄海冷水团温差大、盐差小(1.0左右),以低温(≤10℃)、高盐(≥32)为主要标识[20-22]。夏季黄海冷水团存在显著的缺氧和酸化现象[23-26],对水生生物产生较大的环境胁迫[26-28]。在夏、秋季节,冷水团内部营养盐浓度逐月增加[29-30],上层水体有机碎屑沉降矿化是导致该现象的主要原因,且同时引起水体pH的降低,因此冷水团pH与营养盐呈显著负相关[31]。研究发现,冷水团区域表层沉积物中总有机碳(TOC)与总氮(TN)含量具有很好的同源性,并且受水柱中生物活动的影响较大[32]。目前为止,关于黄海DOM的多数研究主要集中在表、底层水体的水平分布,以及典型断面的垂直剖面结构[33-36],但是关于DOM丰度与光学性质在夏季黄海冷水团与其他水团中的异同的研究还相对缺乏。本论文基于2017年夏季现场调查数据,分析黄海DOM分布与光学特性,比较冷水团与非冷水团区域DOM丰度与性质差异,探讨DOM不同源汇对冷水团区域表、底层水体DOM丰度与光学特性的影响。本研究将对进一步认识冷水团对海洋碳循环的影响提供新的认识。
黄海是陆架边缘海,位于中国大陆和朝鲜半岛之间,面积约38×104 km2,平均水深44 m,最大深度位于韩国济州岛北侧,可达140 m。山东半岛顶端的成山角与朝鲜半岛长山串之间的连线,将黄海区分为北黄海和南黄海两个部分。北黄海位于山东半岛和辽东半岛之间,东邻朝鲜,西经渤海海峡与渤海相通;南黄海与东海相邻,二者以长江口北岸的启东嘴与韩国济州岛西南连线为界(图1)。受东亚季风的影响,黄海海区水团活动强烈,受渤海沿岸流、黄海沿岸流、朝鲜沿岸流、长江冲淡水,及来自东海的台湾暖流、黑潮、对马暖流等的综合作用[37]。夏季,黄海的水文特征主要表现为冬季冷却过程残余下来的低温冷水(≤10℃)大致盘踞在50 m等深线以下的黄海低洼海区[38-39]。在有的年份中,黄海冷水团分裂为两个部分,分别位于北黄海和南黄海,其中,北黄海冷水团的西、北边界较为稳定,平均位置分别位于121°25′E与38°45′N,最大变动距离均为30海里左右,而南黄海冷水团的边界年际差异较大[40]
搭乘国家自然科学基金委渤黄海共享航次(“东方红2”号船),于2017年8—9月对黄海进行综合调查,共采集38个站位海水样品(图1表1)。现场海水温盐由CTD 多通道采水器采集(美国Seabird公司,型号SBE911+),海水样品采用CTD 采水器上安装的12 L Niskin采水瓶采集,依据不同站位水深,分别采集3~4个不同深度样品(表1)。样品采集后,首先依据Winkler法采集溶解氧(DO)样品并固定、分析,每个样品采集3个平行样,相对分析误差小于3%。其中,溶解氧饱和度(DO%)通过实测DO浓度除以大气平衡DO浓度计算得出,而大气平衡DO浓度则通过亨利定律计算[41],并通过大气平衡DO浓度与实测DO浓度的差减计算出表观耗氧量(AOU)。剩余海水样品转移至1 L透明玻璃瓶中,并立即使用47 mm(0.2 μm孔径)聚醚砜滤膜(美国PALL公司)过滤,滤液转移到20 mL和100 mL透明玻璃瓶,分别用于溶解有机碳(DOC)浓度和有色溶解有机物(CDOM)吸收光谱分析。样品瓶使用前在450℃下焙烧4~5 h,Milli-Q水和样品分别润洗2~3遍。所用螺纹塑料盖配有聚四氟乙烯衬垫,且样品保存过程中,保持玻璃瓶竖直摆放,避免样品接触衬垫和瓶盖,以尽量减小容器本身所带来的测定误差。DOC样品采集后,立即加入250 μL 2 mol/L HCl(德国Merck公司)酸化,抑制微生物活动。所有样品于4℃冷藏避光保存,航次结束后带回陆地实验室尽快分析测定。
DOC浓度的测定采用高温催化氧化法使用日本岛津TOC-LCPH总有机碳分析仪进行测定,每次进样量为200 μL,每个样品测定次数为3~4次,取3次相近的结果计算其平均值,保证测定样品的相对标准偏差小于2%。测定前,用不同浓度的邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液标定仪器;测定过程中,每10个样品间,插入低浓度DOC和深海DOC标样(迈阿密大学Hansell博士实验室提供,低浓度DOC标样:1~2 μmol/L;深海DOC标样:42~45 μmol/L),以保证测定结果的准确性(低浓度DOC测定结果为(2.32±0.06) μmol/L,深海DOC测定结果为(43.6±1.5) μmol/L)。
样品测量前,置于暗处升至室温。采用日本岛津UV-2550双通道紫外–可见分光光度计进行测定,配有10 cm的石英比色皿,以Milli-Q水作为参比,扫描波长范围200~800 nm,扫描间隔1 nm。根据仪器得到的样品的吸光度值,利用下式计算得到吸收系数a(λ)[42-43]
$a(\lambda )=2.303\times A(\lambda )/L,$
式中,A(λ)为仪器测定的吸光度;L为比色皿光程(单位,m)。所有波长处的A(λ)通过减去683~687 nm处的平均吸光度来消除仪器的基线漂移和散射等影响[44]
为方便后文讨论,将南、北黄海调查站位依据所在位置以及底层水的温盐情况划分为冷水团和非冷水团。其中,冷水团的划分参阅文献[37],以10℃等温线为界。因此,黄海调查站位可划分为4组:南黄海冷水团,南黄海非冷水团,北黄海冷水团和北黄海非冷水团。为简化描述,冷水团区域调查站位的表层水体也以冷水团标识,如南黄海冷水团区域表层水体。黄海各区域表、底层水体的温度、盐度与DO%的变化范围及平均值见表2
总体而言,夏季黄海表层水温高于底层,南黄海高于北黄海(表2);此外,南、北黄海冷水团区域表层水体与底层水体平均温差分别为16.7℃和16.6℃,显著高于非冷水团区域的相应值(5.9℃和5.4℃)。南、北黄海冷水团区域底层水体最低温度分别位于H14站位(7.4℃)和B28站位(6.6℃)。黄海的盐度表现为表层水体低于底层,南黄海总体略高于北黄海(表2);南、北黄海冷水团区域底层水体的平均盐度均超过32。就黄海表、底层盐度差异而言,南、北黄海冷水团区域水体盐度增量分别为0.7和0.6,略高于非冷水团区域相应值(0.6和0.3)。黄海表层水体DO%为100%~132%,高于底层水体(15%~113%)(表2);其中,底层水体DO%最低值位于长江口附近的H29站位(15%),该区域也是典型的夏季低氧区[45-47]。冷水团区域底层水体DO均呈现弱不饱和状态(DO%:80%~93%),如果剔除受到长江冲淡水影响的H29站位,非冷水团区域底层水体DO%为85%~113%,冷水团区域平均DO%较非冷水团区域低11%(表2),这与翟惟东[26]研究中的分布趋势基本一致。总的来说,南、北黄海的冷水团区域底层水体较非冷水团区域底层水体的显著特征是高盐和低DO%。
黄海DOC含量表现为表层水体高于底层水体,南黄海低于北黄海(图2),与王毅梦等[48]研究结果一致。北黄海受到陆地径流和人类活动影响同时(水产养殖业、工农业及城市污水排放等),该海区营养盐水平也较高,丰富的营养盐使得初级生产力较高[49],进一步提高DOC浓度。相对来说,南黄海与外海交换更加充分,受低营养盐的东海水的“冲淡”作用[50],初级生产力较低,因此DOC浓度较北黄海低。DOC在南、北黄海又有各自的分布特征:在南黄海表层水体,冷水团区域DOC[(136±10) μmol/L]与非冷水团区域相当[(138±19) μmol/L],无显著空间差异;在北黄海表层水体,DOC在冷水团区域平均浓度比非冷水团区域高15 μmol/L(图2),这是由于北黄海冷水团区域位于水产养殖区及其邻近海区[24],在水产养殖过程中,不断投放富含营养物质的饵料与化学药剂的使用等因素在沿岸流作用下[51-52],对维持该区域表层海水中较高水平的DOC含量[(158±26) μmol/L]具有重要贡献。在黄海底层水体,DOC在冷水团区域的浓度比非冷水团区域低10 μmol/L左右(图2)。
与DOC不同,a 330(CDOM在330 nm处吸收系数,代表CDOM含量)在研究区域底层水体的含量均显著高于表层水体(图2),表、底层水体a 330范围分别为0.33~0.99 m–1、0.45~1.06 m–1。表层水体由于太阳辐射,CDOM发生光漂白反应,导致CDOM吸光度的损失[53];另外,有机物从海水表层向底层输送的过程中,微生物可将其转化为CDOM[54-58],是导致底层水体CDOM含量较高的另一原因。在表层海水中,无论南、北黄海,a 330在离岸较近的非冷水团区域高于冷水团区域,表明近岸海域CDOM受陆源输入影响显著。南黄海冷水团区域底层海水a 330的含量低于非冷水团区域,而北黄海冷水团区域底层海水中a 330[(0.81±0.02) m–1]与非冷水团区域[(0.81±0.15) m–1]相当(图2)。值得注意的是,在北黄海表层海水中,虽然冷水团区域DOC含量显著高于非冷水团区域,但冷水团区域水体a 330却显著低于非冷水团,这表明由饵料投放等因素贡献的DOC对CDOM影响甚微,即以无色DOC为主。
E 2/E 3是CDOM吸收光谱在250 nm和365 nm吸收系数的比值,即a 250/a 365,该值越大则分子量越小[59-60];SUVA254定义为CDOM吸收光谱在254 nm的吸收系数与DOC浓度的比值(单位: L/(mg· m))。E 2/E 3和比紫外吸光度SUVA254可分别用来指示CDOM分子量和DOM芳香性。DOM的芳香性随SUVA254增大而增大[61]E 2/E 3和SUVA254的主要区别在于E 2/E 3与CDOM分子量密切相关[60],仅表达CDOM的一个特性,而SUVA254则主要表征DOM的芳香性,考虑的是整个DOM库。
黄海各区域海水E 2/E 3均表现为表层高于底层(图2),主要由表层水体CDOM经光漂白作用降解为小分子有机物所致[60-63]。在表层海水中,南、北黄海冷水团区域E 2/E 3显著高于非冷水团区域,这与周倩倩[34]研究结果一致。这再次表明CDOM在近岸非冷水团区域受陆源输入大分子有机物的影响较大。而在远岸冷水团区域,一方面主要受海源的影响;另一方面,该区域水体颗粒物相对较少,浊度较低,CDOM光漂白程度更高,导致该区域CDOM分子量进一步降低。在非冷水团区域,E 2/E 3南北差异较小(分别为11.7±2.5和11.5±1.8),而南黄海冷水团区域表层水体E 2/E 3(15.3±2.2)比北黄海冷水团区域(13.3±1.7)高15%,即南黄海冷水团区域水体的分子量更小。原因可能是北黄海冷水团区域受水产养殖等污染较重水体的影响,而南黄海冷水团区域与来自东海的水体交换充分。在黄海底层海水中,南、北黄海E 2/E 3差别不大(分别为10.1±0.9和9.9±0.8),原因可能是南、北黄海冷水团都是冬季混合冷却后残留的水体,水体性质差异相对较小。此外,各区域底层水体E 2/E 3均值变化差异也显著小于表层(图2)。
E 2/E 3相反,表层水体SUVA254低于底层水体(图2),这说明底层水体DOM芳香性更大。在表层水体中,南、北黄海非冷水团区域SUVA254均高于冷水团区域。在底层水体中,SUVA254区域分布相对复杂:南黄海总体低于北黄海;在南黄海,冷水团区域低于非冷水团区域,而北黄海冷水团区域与非冷水团区域相当。
不同区域海水温度、盐度、DO%和DOM参数的垂直剖面如图3所示。在离岸较近的非冷水团区域,因水体较浅,大部分站位垂直混合均匀,因此DO在整个水柱中基本呈饱和与过饱和状态,表、底层水体的DOM差异较小;而在冷水团区域(如H09和B30站),水体较深,在20~40 m出现强烈的温盐跃层,底层水体DO%呈现不饱和状态,跃层的屏障作用也阻碍了DOM的垂向交换。DOC和E 2/E 3随深度逐渐降低,而a 330、SUVA254随之递增,这表明CDOM含量及分子量、DOM芳香性均随之增加。在冷水团区域,DOC随深度降低速率显著高于非冷水团区域,同时a 330升高速率也在冷水团区域高,即冷水团区域DOM具有更显著的垂向变化,其源汇特征见3.5节。总的来说,冷水团与非冷水团站位的显著区别在于具有更强的跃层,并且DO%、DOC、a 330E 2/E 3、SUVA254的垂直变化幅度也显著大于非冷水团站位。
为研究冷水团区域与非冷水团区域DOM丰度与CDOM光学特性的垂向差异,先将各站位表层水体与底层水体的DOC、a 330E 2/E 3、SUVA254作差,再分区域求平均值,即ΔDOC、Δa 330、Δ(E 2/E 3)、ΔSUVA254。为方便讨论,以上参数均以绝对值表示。如图4所示,南、北黄海冷水团区域ΔDOC、Δa 330、Δ(E 2/E 3)、ΔSUVA254以及底层水体AOU均显著大于非冷水团区域。
冷水团区域底层水体AOU(45 μmol/kg)是非冷水团区域(15 μmol/kg)的3倍(图4)。研究表明,颗粒有机碳(POC)由上层水体向下沉降过程中,不断降解耗氧,一部分生成CO2,导致水体酸化[46, 64],另一部分发生不完全降解,生成DOC或CDOM分子[56-58]。冷水团区域水体层化(图3)阻碍了水体的垂直交换,底层水体DO无法得到迅速补充[65-67],导致该区域底层水体AOU显著高于层化较弱的近岸非冷水团区域。
在冬季,因水体垂直对流混合均匀[68-70]。因此在早春水柱层化前,DOC和CDOM的垂直分布预计也是一致的。则夏季各区域ΔDOC、Δa 330差异主要受以下几个因素的控制:(1)表层水体的陆源输入、光合生产、人类活动、微生物和光化学降解,(2)底层水体有机物的耗氧降解。与冬季相比,夏季的特点是生产力高,光合作用强;太阳辐射强,其光降解和光漂白高等。结合各区域表层水体DOC和a 330分布特征(见3.2节),说明表层的不同区域DOC净生产量基本一致,而a 330受陆源输送和光漂白程度影响,在近岸的非冷水团区域明显高于远岸水体。然而ΔDOC和Δa 330在冷水团区域显著高于非冷水团区域。结合该区域高AOU的特点(图4),表明冷水团区域底层水体DOC表现为净损失。即DOC的矿化速率(DOC转化为CO2的速率)大于POC转化为DOC的速率。而在有机物降解过程中,CDOM表现为净生产,在北黄海冷水团区域底层水体尤为显著(图2)。上层水体沉降的POC降解为DOC、CDOM的同时,底层水体的无色DOC也可转化为CDOM[55],且CDOM更难以被微生物降解[71]。北黄海CDOM源汇与南黄海相同,而DOC的区别在于北黄海冷水团区域表层水体受到水产养殖的影响,导致该区域表层水体DOC的净输入高于非冷水团区域水体。此外,非冷水团区域水体较强的垂直混合也进一步削弱了表、底层DOC与a 330的差异。
冷水团区域Δ(E 2/E 3)和ΔSUVA254显著高于非冷水团区域,原因可能是其表层水体具有较高E 2/E 3和较低SUVA254。此外,ΔSUVA254也可能受表底层深度差异的影响。假设该研究区域CDOM分子量遵循Lou和Xie[60]研究所得与E 2/E 3关系,则黄海底层水体分子量[(0.58±0.05) kDa]高出表层[(0.51±0.07) kDa]14%,南、北黄海冷水团区域表层(0.10 kDa)与底层水体分子量(0.13 kDa)的差异同样显著高于非冷水团区域(相应值分别为0.05 kDa和0.04 kDa)。此外,在分子量不断增大过程中,DOM分子芳香性也逐渐增加。
冷水团是夏季黄海海区的典型水文特征,近年来该区域的夏秋季节性缺氧、酸化问题受到广泛关注[24-26]。层化与有机物降解是该区域缺氧与酸化的主要形成因素。本论文初步研究了DOM在夏季黄海不同水团中丰度与性质的分布特征及影响因素。研究结果表明,在表层水体中,北黄海冷水团区域由于水产养殖的饵料显著增加了水体DOC含量,而该部分DOC以无色为主,因此CDOM并无明显提高。DOC和CDOM随深度分别呈现降低和增加趋势,与之相伴的是CDOM分子量和DOM芳香性随深度逐渐增加,该垂直分布特征在冷水团区域尤为显著。造成该结果的主要原因为夏季表层光合作用与陆源输入大量DOC,然而CDOM在表层发生显著的光漂白[53, 63],导致表层水体a 330较低。底层水体中,冷水团区域DOC显著低于离岸较近的非冷水团区域,a 330分布特征与之类似。一方面,近岸水体水层较浅,层化较弱,水体垂向混合明显,引起底层DOC升高和a 330降低,而冷水团水体较深,强烈的层化阻碍了DOM垂向迁移;另一方面,冷水团区域DOC一方面可由表层沉降的POC转化产生,另一方面也可发生耗氧降解,生成CO2,而在该降解与转化过程中,伴随着有色DOC(即CDOM)的产生,是引起冷水团内部DOC较低和CDOM较高的又一原因。水体中C不同赋存形态(即CO2、DOC和POC)在不同季节的变化特征是将来深入探讨冷水团DOM的源汇以及对该区域缺氧、酸化贡献的核心问题。
  • 国家科技部重点研发计划(2016YFC1401602);国家自然科学基金(41606098);天津市自然科学基金(16JCQNJC08000)。
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.014
  • 接收时间:2018-12-25
  • 首发时间:2026-04-03
  • 出版时间:2019-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-25
  • 修回日期:2019-03-01
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国家科技部重点研发计划(2016YFC1401602);国家自然科学基金(41606098);天津市自然科学基金(16JCQNJC08000)。
作者信息
    1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
    2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072
    3 加拿大魁北克大学里姆斯基分校 海洋科学研究所,魁北克 里姆斯基 G5L 3A1

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*宋贵生,副教授,主要从事海洋有机生物地球化学与近海低氧、酸化形成机制研究。E-mail:
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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