Article(id=1246845539644494549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1246845538742719188, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1537200000000, receivedDateStr=2018-09-18, revisedDate=1552406400000, revisedDateStr=2019-03-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1775200741921, onlineDateStr=2026-04-03, pubDate=1577203200000, pubDateStr=2019-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1775200741921, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1775200741921, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775200741921, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1246845538742719188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2019', volume='41', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='176', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1775200741706, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775200890782, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1246846164105060671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1246845538742719188, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1246846164105060672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1246845538742719188, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=90, endPage=102, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1246845540013593306, articleId=1246845539644494549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Dominant genera of marine nematodes and their feeding types in several mangrove wetlands of Fujian Province, columnId=1243954927383462170, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Marine Biology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In April, July, October 2012, and January, April 2013, marine nematode dominant genera and feeding types were sampled for diversity analysis from five mangrove wetlands(Zhangjiang Estuary in Yunxiao Country, Jiulongjiang Estuary in Longhai City, Fenglin in Xiamen City, Luoyangjiang Estuary in Quanzhou City, Wanwu in Ningde City)in Fujian Province. It was found that the nematode dominant genera with dominance of percentages≥5% were Sabatieria, Ptycholaimellus, Parasphaerolaimus, Terschellingia, Daptonema, Viscosia and Dichromadora, which had dominance by 19.82%, 7.88%, 7.45%, 7.26%, 6.79 %, 6.00%, 5.25%, respectively. Sabatieria was the most predominant genus in the mangroves wetlands of Zhangjiang Estuary, Jiulongjiang Estuary and Luoyangjiang Estuary, with dominances are 27.87%, 28.37%, and 23.40%, respectively. Terschellingia was the most dominant genus in Fenglin mangrove wetlands, with a dominance of 18.10%. Daptonema was the most dominant genus in Wanwu mangrove wetlands, and dominance was 22.86%. The seasonal variations in abundance of their feeding types were as follows, in Zhangjiang Estuary wetlands, 1B>2A>2B>1A. In Jiulongjiang Estuary wetlands, 1B>2B>2A>1A. In Fenglin wetlands, 1B>2A>2B>1A. In Luoyangjiang Estuary wetlands, 2B>1B>2A>1A. In Wanwu wetlands, 2A>1B>2B>1A. Therefore, type 1B marine nematode showed to be the dominant in Zhangjiang Estuary, Jiulongjiang Estuary and Fenglin, type 2A was dominant in Wanwu wetlands, type 2B was dominant in Luoyangjiang Estuary wetlands, type 1A are the lowest in five regions.

, correspAuthors=Yuqing Guo, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Haiyang Xuebao, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Peipei Yang, Yu Chang, Yuqing Guo, Jianchun Chen), CN=ArticleExt(id=1246845543188681507, articleId=1246845539644494549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=福建省红树林湿地海洋线虫的优势属及摄食类型, columnId=1243954927517679901, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=海洋生物, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文于2012年4月、7月与10月以及2013年1月与4月,对福建省云霄县漳江口、龙海市九龙江口、厦门市凤林湾、泉州市洛阳江口、宁德市湾坞5片红树林湿地的海洋线虫进行采样与优势属及摄食类型研究,主要研究结果如下:采样区域优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势属依次为SabatieriaPtycholaimellusParasphaerolaimusTerschellingiaDaptonemaViscosiaDichromadora,优势度依次为19.82%、7.88%、7.45%、7.26%、6.79%、6.00%和5.25%。在漳江口红树林、九龙江口红树林及洛阳江口红树林均以Sabatieria为第一优势属,优势度分别为27.87%、28.37%和23.40%;凤林红树林以Terschellingia为第一优势属,优势度为18.10%;湾坞红树林以Daptonema为第一优势属,优势度为22.86%。海洋线虫摄食类型数量的季节变化如下,漳江口红树林:1B>2A>2B>1A;九龙江口红树林:1B>2B>2A>1A;凤林红树林:1B>2A>2B>1A;洛阳江口红树林:2B>1B>2A>1A;湾坞红树林:2A>1B>2B>1A。在漳江口红树林、九龙江口红树林和凤林红树林中海洋线虫均以1B型为主导,在湾坞红树林中以2A型为主导,在洛阳江口红树林是2B型为主导,在5个区域内1A型海洋线虫的丰度均为最低。

, correspAuthors=郭玉清, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*郭玉清,博士,教授,从事海洋底栖生物学研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=yadM/vzhzLIe73Kq0mSLLw==, magXml=FNdMQSZvlcGsi3G7Lo4Kkg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=C2viW9jV/BuUO8ACuhyMWw==, pdfFileSize=1750683, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=V6Z1iin10VDZYHwQAvzEkQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=MCpDpQO4b5zYRLD7E9p2LA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨培培(1995—),女,浙江省平阳县人,研究生,水产专业。E-mail:

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杨培培(1995—),女,浙江省平阳县人,研究生,水产专业。E-mail:

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Ghent University Faculty of Sciences, 2009., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1254506338822848552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(31772416);福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01450)。, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1254506321680728964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506321684923268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, companyId=1254506321680728964, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1254506321693311878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, companyId=1254506321680728964, 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Map of the mangrove wetlands in Fujian Province showing the positions of the sampling area, figureFileSmall=rNbN+vssIy0vsHp5/IK/wA==, figureFileBig=8B0o0fmlrTVa0/Nkg+nLtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506329209504736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=图1, caption=福建省红树林湿地采样区域示意图, figureFileSmall=rNbN+vssIy0vsHp5/IK/wA==, figureFileBig=8B0o0fmlrTVa0/Nkg+nLtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506329431802850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=The percentage of marine nematode feeding types in different seasons in Zhangjiang Estuary mangrove wetlands, figureFileSmall=0w0KDQu06JPF9uQh5zI5hQ==, figureFileBig=MSIH+qeKGavZeSAsy5tiAQ==, tableContent=null), 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articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=图8, caption=福建省红树林湿地海洋线虫摄食类型的百分比, figureFileSmall=ocWraKTy9zqvONww4rQSXw==, figureFileBig=893BWSLaeg/L748KMgmzXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1254506334037147652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The location of sampling areas and some environmental parameters (data of October,2012)

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采样区域 纬度 经度 红树植物 泥温/℃ 总氮/mg·g−1 总磷/mg·g−1 有机碳/% 硫化物/10−6
漳江口红树林 23.96°N 117.35°E 秋茄 27.3 2.72 0.41 3.96 8.38
九龙江口红树林 24.45°N 117.82°E 秋茄 28.6 1.56 0.58 2.04 8.05
凤林红树林 24.58°N 118.10°E 秋茄 27.4 2.28 0.46 3.17 20.17
洛阳江口红树林 24.94°N 118.67°E 桐花树 28.1 1.31 0.40 1.72 16.89
湾坞红树林 26.85°N 119.86°E 秋茄
), ArticleFig(id=1254506334204919815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

福建省各采样区域的环境因子(数据来自2012年10月的样品分析)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
采样区域 纬度 经度 红树植物 泥温/℃ 总氮/mg·g−1 总磷/mg·g−1 有机碳/% 硫化物/10−6
漳江口红树林 23.96°N 117.35°E 秋茄 27.3 2.72 0.41 3.96 8.38
九龙江口红树林 24.45°N 117.82°E 秋茄 28.6 1.56 0.58 2.04 8.05
凤林红树林 24.58°N 118.10°E 秋茄 27.4 2.28 0.46 3.17 20.17
洛阳江口红树林 24.94°N 118.67°E 桐花树 28.1 1.31 0.40 1.72 16.89
湾坞红树林 26.85°N 119.86°E 秋茄
), ArticleFig(id=1254506334322360330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Nematode genera and their dominance of percentages ≥5% in different seasons in Zhangjiang Estuary mangrove wetlands

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Molgolaimus 17.33 Sabatieria 34.25 Sabatieria 42.21 Sabatieria 36.33
Ptycholaimellus 16.67 Parasphaerolaimus 7.08 Parasphaerolaimus 17.62 Ptycholaimellus 17.96
Anoplostoma 11.00 Megadesmolaimus 6.62 Metalinhomoeus 6.97 Oxystomina 6.94
Terschellingia 9.33 Metalinhomoeus 6.39 Terschellingia 6.53
Anticyathus 7.33 Oxystomina 5.94 Parasphaerolaimus 5.71
Metachromadora 6.33 Neochromadora 5.25
Daptonema 5.33
Dichromadora 5.33
Acanthomicrolaimus 5.00
), ArticleFig(id=1254506334456578060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

漳江口红树林湿地不同季节优势度≥5%的线虫属及其所占比例

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Molgolaimus 17.33 Sabatieria 34.25 Sabatieria 42.21 Sabatieria 36.33
Ptycholaimellus 16.67 Parasphaerolaimus 7.08 Parasphaerolaimus 17.62 Ptycholaimellus 17.96
Anoplostoma 11.00 Megadesmolaimus 6.62 Metalinhomoeus 6.97 Oxystomina 6.94
Terschellingia 9.33 Metalinhomoeus 6.39 Terschellingia 6.53
Anticyathus 7.33 Oxystomina 5.94 Parasphaerolaimus 5.71
Metachromadora 6.33 Neochromadora 5.25
Daptonema 5.33
Dichromadora 5.33
Acanthomicrolaimus 5.00
), ArticleFig(id=1254506334569824271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Nematode genera and their dominance of percentages ≥5% in different seasons in Jiulongjiang Estuary mangrove wetlands

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Sabatieria 29.97 Sabatieria 31.90 Sabatieria 39.63 Dichromadora 20.73
Dichromadora 15.27 Spilophorella 11.47 Parasphaeroalimus 15.67 Parasphaerolaimus 17.89
Ptycholaimellus 9.51 Parasphaerolaimus 8.24 Halichoanolaimus 8.29 Sabatieria 12.20
Terschellingia 7.20 Viscosia 6.81 Terschellingia 7.37 Terschellingia 8.13
Parasphaeroalimus 6.34 Viscosia 7.37 Sphaerolaimus 7.72
Oxystomina 5.69
Viscosia 5.28
), ArticleFig(id=1254506334917951504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

九龙江口红树林湿地不同季节优势度大于等于5%的线虫属及其所占比例

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Sabatieria 29.97 Sabatieria 31.90 Sabatieria 39.63 Dichromadora 20.73
Dichromadora 15.27 Spilophorella 11.47 Parasphaeroalimus 15.67 Parasphaerolaimus 17.89
Ptycholaimellus 9.51 Parasphaerolaimus 8.24 Halichoanolaimus 8.29 Sabatieria 12.20
Terschellingia 7.20 Viscosia 6.81 Terschellingia 7.37 Terschellingia 8.13
Parasphaeroalimus 6.34 Viscosia 7.37 Sphaerolaimus 7.72
Oxystomina 5.69
Viscosia 5.28
), ArticleFig(id=1254506335370936338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Nematode genera and percentage of dominances ≥5% in different seasons in Fenglin mangrove wetlands

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Anoplostoma 23.66 Sabatieria 15.88 Terschellingia 37.22 Terschellingia 21.43
Viscosia 21.86 Terschellingia 14.44 Daptonema 9.40 Dichromadora 10.54
Sabatieria 17.20 Daptonema 9.03 Linhomoeus 9.02 Ptycholaimellus 10.20
Parasphaerolaimus 8.60 Anoplostoma 7.94 Sabatieria 6.77 Paracanthonchus 9.18
Ptycholaimellus 6.45 Linhomoeus 5.42 Dorylaimopsis 5.64 Sabatieria 9.18
Sphaerolaimus 5.05 Anoplostoma 5.26 Viscosia 8.50
Anoplostoma 7.48
), ArticleFig(id=1254506335811338261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

凤林红树林湿地不同季节优势度大于等于5%的线虫属及其所占比例

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Anoplostoma 23.66 Sabatieria 15.88 Terschellingia 37.22 Terschellingia 21.43
Viscosia 21.86 Terschellingia 14.44 Daptonema 9.40 Dichromadora 10.54
Sabatieria 17.20 Daptonema 9.03 Linhomoeus 9.02 Ptycholaimellus 10.20
Parasphaerolaimus 8.60 Anoplostoma 7.94 Sabatieria 6.77 Paracanthonchus 9.18
Ptycholaimellus 6.45 Linhomoeus 5.42 Dorylaimopsis 5.64 Sabatieria 9.18
Sphaerolaimus 5.05 Anoplostoma 5.26 Viscosia 8.50
Anoplostoma 7.48
), ArticleFig(id=1254506335966527512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Nematode genera and their dominance of percentages≥5% in different seasons in Luoyangjiang Estuary mangrove wetlands

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Sabatieria 18.40 Sabatieria 24.15 Sabatieria 22.14 Sabatieria 29.14
Ptycholaimellus 13.89 Spilophorella 15.31 Viscosia 15.57 Ptycholaimellus 13.91
Daptonema 10.07 Trissonchulus 12.59 Parasphaerolaimus 13.63 Daptonema 11.59
Parasphaerolaimus 9.38 Parasphaerolaimus 8.84 Parodontophora 10.22 Hopperia 8.94
Viscosia 6.25 Hopperia 7.82 Terschellingia 6.57 Parasphaerolaimus 6.62
Trissonchulus 5.90 Trissonchulus 6.08 Terschellingia 6.29
Sphaerolaimus 5.21
Terschellingia 5.21
), ArticleFig(id=1254506336050413595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

洛阳江口红树林湿地不同季节优势度大于等于5%的线虫属及其所占比例

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Sabatieria 18.40 Sabatieria 24.15 Sabatieria 22.14 Sabatieria 29.14
Ptycholaimellus 13.89 Spilophorella 15.31 Viscosia 15.57 Ptycholaimellus 13.91
Daptonema 10.07 Trissonchulus 12.59 Parasphaerolaimus 13.63 Daptonema 11.59
Parasphaerolaimus 9.38 Parasphaerolaimus 8.84 Parodontophora 10.22 Hopperia 8.94
Viscosia 6.25 Hopperia 7.82 Terschellingia 6.57 Parasphaerolaimus 6.62
Trissonchulus 5.90 Trissonchulus 6.08 Terschellingia 6.29
Sphaerolaimus 5.21
Terschellingia 5.21
), ArticleFig(id=1254506336163659805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Nematode genera and their dominance of percentages ≥5% in different seasons in Wanwu mangrove wetlands

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Spilophorella 19.75 Daptonema 28.11 Daptonema 34.46
Sabatieria 10.19 Dichromadora 17.74 Ptycholaimellus 29.96
Anoplostoma 6.05 Ptycholaimellus 14.98 Viscosia 10.86
Sphaerolaimus 6.05 Spilophorella 12.21 Sphaerolaimus 5.24
Dichromadora 5.73 Sphaerolaimus 5.30
Viscosia 5.41
Chromadora 5.10
Daptonema 5.10
Metalinhomoeus 5.10
), ArticleFig(id=1254506338051096608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

湾坞红树林湿地不同季节优势度≥5%的线虫属及其所占比例(缺春季)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
夏季 秋季 冬季
线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/% 线虫属 比例/%
Spilophorella 19.75 Daptonema 28.11 Daptonema 34.46
Sabatieria 10.19 Dichromadora 17.74 Ptycholaimellus 29.96
Anoplostoma 6.05 Ptycholaimellus 14.98 Viscosia 10.86
Sphaerolaimus 6.05 Spilophorella 12.21 Sphaerolaimus 5.24
Dichromadora 5.73 Sphaerolaimus 5.30
Viscosia 5.41
Chromadora 5.10
Daptonema 5.10
Metalinhomoeus 5.10
), ArticleFig(id=1254506338256617505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

The dominant genera of marine nematodes in mangrove wetlands around the world

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作者 地区 树种 总属/种数 常见属/优势属
Nicholas等[10] 澳大利亚新南威尔士州 白骨壤 PtycholaimellusDesmodoraMicrolaimusSphaerolaimusTerschellingiaParodontophoraOnyxDaptonemaSabatieria
Gwyther[11] 澳大利亚维多利亚州 白骨壤 21 TripyloidesMetachromadoraDaptonema
Pinto等[4] 巴西Itamaracá岛 美洲红树 Rhizophora mangle 73 Daptonema,Terschellingia
Rzeznik-Orignac等[12] 法国 MetachromadoroidesTerschellingiaPtycholaimellusChromadoraSabatieriaDaptonemaAxonolaimusMetalinhomoeusDesmolaimusSphaerolaimus,Sabatieria
Mokievsky等[13] 越南芽庄湾 白骨壤红海榄 2 429 Chromadorella,Ptycholaimellus,Admirandus,Theristus TheristusSabatieria.,Haliplectus,Anoplostoma,Litinium
Thilagavathi等[14] 印度Sethukuda红树林 20 DaptonemaTheristusViscosiaOxystominaHalalaimus
Chinnadurai和Fernando[15] 印度Pichavaran岛;Parangipettai岛 白骨壤秋茄 36 DorylaimopsisHopperiaPtycholaimellusTerschellingiaDaptonemaTheristusViscosiaHalichoanolaimusSphaerolaimus
Zhou[16] 香港 秋茄 DiplolaimelloidesTheristusHaliplectusMegasdesmolaimusAnoplostomaChromaspirina,DesmodoraDichromadoraParacanthonchus
Ólafsson[17] 东非 白骨壤,木榄杯萼海桑,角果木 94 MicrolaimusSpirinaDesmodoraMetachromadora
), ArticleFig(id=1254506338436972580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1246845539644494549, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

世界各地红树林湿地海洋线虫的优势属

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作者 地区 树种 总属/种数 常见属/优势属
Nicholas等[10] 澳大利亚新南威尔士州 白骨壤 PtycholaimellusDesmodoraMicrolaimusSphaerolaimusTerschellingiaParodontophoraOnyxDaptonemaSabatieria
Gwyther[11] 澳大利亚维多利亚州 白骨壤 21 TripyloidesMetachromadoraDaptonema
Pinto等[4] 巴西Itamaracá岛 美洲红树 Rhizophora mangle 73 Daptonema,Terschellingia
Rzeznik-Orignac等[12] 法国 MetachromadoroidesTerschellingiaPtycholaimellusChromadoraSabatieriaDaptonemaAxonolaimusMetalinhomoeusDesmolaimusSphaerolaimus,Sabatieria
Mokievsky等[13] 越南芽庄湾 白骨壤红海榄 2 429 Chromadorella,Ptycholaimellus,Admirandus,Theristus TheristusSabatieria.,Haliplectus,Anoplostoma,Litinium
Thilagavathi等[14] 印度Sethukuda红树林 20 DaptonemaTheristusViscosiaOxystominaHalalaimus
Chinnadurai和Fernando[15] 印度Pichavaran岛;Parangipettai岛 白骨壤秋茄 36 DorylaimopsisHopperiaPtycholaimellusTerschellingiaDaptonemaTheristusViscosiaHalichoanolaimusSphaerolaimus
Zhou[16] 香港 秋茄 DiplolaimelloidesTheristusHaliplectusMegasdesmolaimusAnoplostomaChromaspirina,DesmodoraDichromadoraParacanthonchus
Ólafsson[17] 东非 白骨壤,木榄杯萼海桑,角果木 94 MicrolaimusSpirinaDesmodoraMetachromadora
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福建省红树林湿地海洋线虫的优势属及摄食类型
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杨培培 1 , 常瑜 1 , 郭玉清 1, * , 陈建春 2
海洋学报 | 海洋生物 2019,41(12): 90-102
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海洋学报 | 海洋生物 2019, 41(12): 90-102
福建省红树林湿地海洋线虫的优势属及摄食类型
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杨培培1 , 常瑜1, 郭玉清1, * , 陈建春2
作者信息
  • 1 集美大学 水产学院,福建 厦门 361021
  • 2 厦门市海洋与渔业研究所,福建 厦门 361008
  • 杨培培(1995—),女,浙江省平阳县人,研究生,水产专业。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*郭玉清,博士,教授,从事海洋底栖生物学研究。E-mail:
Dominant genera of marine nematodes and their feeding types in several mangrove wetlands of Fujian Province
Peipei Yang1 , Yu Chang1, Yuqing Guo1, * , Jianchun Chen2
Affiliations
  • 1 Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
  • 2 Institute of Oceanology and Fisheries, Xiamen 361008, China
出版时间: 2019-12-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.009
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本文于2012年4月、7月与10月以及2013年1月与4月,对福建省云霄县漳江口、龙海市九龙江口、厦门市凤林湾、泉州市洛阳江口、宁德市湾坞5片红树林湿地的海洋线虫进行采样与优势属及摄食类型研究,主要研究结果如下:采样区域优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势属依次为SabatieriaPtycholaimellusParasphaerolaimusTerschellingiaDaptonemaViscosiaDichromadora,优势度依次为19.82%、7.88%、7.45%、7.26%、6.79%、6.00%和5.25%。在漳江口红树林、九龙江口红树林及洛阳江口红树林均以Sabatieria为第一优势属,优势度分别为27.87%、28.37%和23.40%;凤林红树林以Terschellingia为第一优势属,优势度为18.10%;湾坞红树林以Daptonema为第一优势属,优势度为22.86%。海洋线虫摄食类型数量的季节变化如下,漳江口红树林:1B>2A>2B>1A;九龙江口红树林:1B>2B>2A>1A;凤林红树林:1B>2A>2B>1A;洛阳江口红树林:2B>1B>2A>1A;湾坞红树林:2A>1B>2B>1A。在漳江口红树林、九龙江口红树林和凤林红树林中海洋线虫均以1B型为主导,在湾坞红树林中以2A型为主导,在洛阳江口红树林是2B型为主导,在5个区域内1A型海洋线虫的丰度均为最低。

红树林湿地  /  海洋线虫  /  优势属  /  摄食类型

In April, July, October 2012, and January, April 2013, marine nematode dominant genera and feeding types were sampled for diversity analysis from five mangrove wetlands(Zhangjiang Estuary in Yunxiao Country, Jiulongjiang Estuary in Longhai City, Fenglin in Xiamen City, Luoyangjiang Estuary in Quanzhou City, Wanwu in Ningde City)in Fujian Province. It was found that the nematode dominant genera with dominance of percentages≥5% were Sabatieria, Ptycholaimellus, Parasphaerolaimus, Terschellingia, Daptonema, Viscosia and Dichromadora, which had dominance by 19.82%, 7.88%, 7.45%, 7.26%, 6.79 %, 6.00%, 5.25%, respectively. Sabatieria was the most predominant genus in the mangroves wetlands of Zhangjiang Estuary, Jiulongjiang Estuary and Luoyangjiang Estuary, with dominances are 27.87%, 28.37%, and 23.40%, respectively. Terschellingia was the most dominant genus in Fenglin mangrove wetlands, with a dominance of 18.10%. Daptonema was the most dominant genus in Wanwu mangrove wetlands, and dominance was 22.86%. The seasonal variations in abundance of their feeding types were as follows, in Zhangjiang Estuary wetlands, 1B>2A>2B>1A. In Jiulongjiang Estuary wetlands, 1B>2B>2A>1A. In Fenglin wetlands, 1B>2A>2B>1A. In Luoyangjiang Estuary wetlands, 2B>1B>2A>1A. In Wanwu wetlands, 2A>1B>2B>1A. Therefore, type 1B marine nematode showed to be the dominant in Zhangjiang Estuary, Jiulongjiang Estuary and Fenglin, type 2A was dominant in Wanwu wetlands, type 2B was dominant in Luoyangjiang Estuary wetlands, type 1A are the lowest in five regions.

mangrove wetlands  /  marine nematodes  /  dominant genera  /  feeding types
杨培培, 常瑜, 郭玉清, 陈建春. 福建省红树林湿地海洋线虫的优势属及摄食类型. 海洋学报, 2019 , 41 (12) : 90 -102 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.009
Peipei Yang, Yu Chang, Yuqing Guo, Jianchun Chen. Dominant genera of marine nematodes and their feeding types in several mangrove wetlands of Fujian Province[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2019 , 41 (12) : 90 -102 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.009
自由生活海洋线虫(以下简称为海洋线虫)是小型底栖生物中最优势类群,分布广泛,数量众多。在大多数生境,其丰度可占后生动物数量的70%~90%,在有机质丰富的沉积物中可达到90%以上[1]。在微食物网中,海洋线虫通过与细菌/碎屑耦合,刺激细菌生长,进而加速营养物质的再矿化[2],在底栖食物链和生态系的能量流动中占重要位置。
红树林湿地是处于陆地生态系统与海洋生态系统过渡带的一类特殊湿地生态系统,也是全球生产力最高的生态系统之一。“十三五”规划纲要中明确提出实施“南红北柳”湿地修复工程,在南方以种植红树林为主,海草、盐藻、植物等为辅,有效恢复滨海湿地生态系统[3]。红树林的存在改变了湿地沉积物的物理化学条件,从而增加了栖息地的复杂性,底物的稳定性和食物的可用性[4],为底栖生物提供了优良的栖息地。同时,红树林具有复杂的有机碎屑食物链,小型底栖动物作为海洋碎屑食物链的关键及中间环节,已经成为海洋环境监测和生态系统健康评估体系的一个关键指标[5]。红树林湿地环境因子的自然变异性为物种提供了更多的生态位,了解红树林中有哪些栖息生物及其生态相互作用是实现红树林保护的第一步[4]
本文对福建省红树林湿地的海洋线虫的群落结构和多样性进行分析,重点研究了海洋线虫的优势属及摄食类型,以期为福建省红树林湿地的生态系统健康评价提供科学的数据参考。
采样时间:2012年4月、7月与10月以及2013年1月与4月。具体如下,漳江口红树林:2012年7月、10月及2013年1月、4月;九龙江口红树林:2012年4月、7月、10月及2013年1月;洛阳江口红树林:2012年7月、10月及2013年1月、4月(因2012年7月样品损坏,故只用3个季度的数据);凤林红树林:2012年4月及2013年1月、7月、10月;湾坞红树林:2012年7月、10月及2013年1月。
采样点及其设置:本研究采样分为5片红树林湿地(图1),包括云霄县漳江口红树林,龙海市九龙江口红树林,厦门市凤林红树林,泉州市洛阳江口红树林和宁德市湾坞红树林。每片区域均设置潮间带1个断面,每个断面沿潮位设置3个采样点,间隔4 m左右,每个点取4个重复样。本研究中不考虑采样点间的差异,各采样区域的环境因子见表1。选择底质类型相对一致、无扰动的地点取样。用内径为2.6 cm的注射器改制成的取样管,从表层采集5 cm深度的芯样,分别直接装入广口瓶,现场加入5%的福尔马林溶液固定。
室内小型底栖生物样品分选,海洋线虫的制片及分类鉴定主要按照Platt和Warwick[6]的标准进行。
Wieser早在1953年就根据口腔结构的不同对海洋线虫的摄食类型进行了划分,分为4类:选择性沉积食性者(1A型),不具口腔或口腔极小,依靠食道的吸力,以细菌大小的有机颗粒为食。非选择性沉积食性者(1B型),具有不具齿的杯型口腔,依靠食道吸力和唇部、口腔前部运动获得食物。刮食者或硅藻捕食者(2A型),具带小齿的口腔,将食物刮起,刺破其细胞壁,吸取其中的细胞液。捕食者或杂食者(2B型),具有带大鄂的发达口腔,将被捕食者整体吞食,或刺破其细胞壁,吸取其中的胞液[7]
虽然目前有人对Wieser提出的线虫摄食类型的划分进行了修正和补充[8-9],但是由于Wieser划分方法的广泛性,本文采用的是Wieser的分类标准[7]
优势度为不同季节不同调查区域中某个线虫属或线虫科的海洋线虫数量占总鉴定量的百分比。
漳江口红树林湿地海洋线虫的年平均丰度为(688.36±202.38) 个/(10 cm2),共鉴定海洋线虫47属,17科,其中优势度大于等于5%的线虫优势属依次为SabatieriaPtycholaimellusParasphaeroalaimusAnoplostoma,优势度分别为27.87%、7.99%、7.82%和5.46%,优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势科依次为Comesomatidae、Chromadoridae、Linhomoeidae、Sphaerolaimidae、Desmodoridae和Anoplostomatidae,优势度为27.95%、15.57%、14.67%、11.82%、7.01%和5.46%。
春季共鉴定海洋线虫22属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共9属(表2),共占总鉴定量的83.67%,最优势属为Molgolaimus(17.33%)。夏季共鉴定海洋线虫37属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共6属,共占总鉴定量的65.53%,最优势属为Sabatieria(34.25%)。秋季共鉴定海洋线虫19属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共3属,共占总鉴定量的66.80%,最优势属为Sabatieria(42.21%)。冬季共鉴定海洋线虫19属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共5属,共占总鉴定量的73.47%,最优势属为Sabatieria(36.33%)。
综上所述,在优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫中,没有出现四季的共有属。春季的最优势属为Molgolaimus(17.33%),夏季、秋季和冬季的最优势属均为SabatieriaSabatieria在春季没有出现。经ANOSIM分析,各季节间差异不显著(P>0.05,R=0.21)。
图2可知,按食性的优势度排序,春季:2A>1B>1A>2B;夏季:1B>2B>2A>1A;秋季:1B>2B>1A>2A;冬季:1B>2A>1A>2B。其中,春季是2A为主导,占52.00%,夏季、秋季和冬季均是以1B为主导,比例分别为52.97%、56.15%和44.08%。而占据比例最少的食性类型,春季和冬季是2B型,夏季是1A型,秋季是2A型。整体而言,在漳江口红树林中,沉积食性者(1A+1B)线虫在夏季、秋季和冬季所占比例最高,比例从59.59%~62.56%,在春季则是以2A型海洋线虫为主导,比例为52.00%。
九龙江口红树林湿地海洋线虫的年平均丰度为(384.66±166.87)个/(10 cm2),共鉴定海洋线虫39属,18科,优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势属为SabatieriaParasphaeroalimusDichromadoraTerschellingiaViscosia,优势度分别为28.37%、11.29%、10.65%、6.70%和5.23%,优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势科为Comesomatidae、Chromadoridae、Sphaerolaimidae、Linhomoeidae、Oxystominidae和Oncholaimidae,优势度分别为28.56%、18.64%、16.35%、9.73%、6.61%和5.69%。
春季共鉴定海洋线虫28属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共5属(表3),共占总鉴定量的68.30%,最优势属为Sabatieria(29.97%)。夏季共鉴定海洋线虫26属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共4属,共占总鉴定量的58.42%,最优势属为Sabatieria(31.90%)。秋季共鉴定海洋线虫20属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共5属,共占总鉴定量的78.34%,最优势属为Sabatieria(39.63%)。冬季共鉴定海洋线虫18属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共7属,共占总鉴定量的77.64%,最优势属为Dichromadora(20.73%)。
综上所述,在优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫中,不同季节有2个共有属,SabatieriaParasphaerolaimus。春季、夏季和秋季的最优势属均为Sabatieria,比例从29.97%到39.63%不等,冬季的最优势属为Dichromadora(20.73%)。经统计分析,P<0.01,R=0.358,表明不同季节九龙江口红树林湿地的海洋线虫群落存在极显著的差异。
图3可知,就整体的季节变化而言,按食性的优势度排序,春季:1B>2A>2B>1A;夏季:1B>2B>2A>1A;秋季:1B>2B>2A>1A;冬季:2B>2A>1A>1B。其中,在冬季是以2B型的海洋线虫为主,占40.65%。春季、夏季和秋季均是1B型的海洋线虫为主,比例分别为36.60%、35.84%和44.70%。而在冬季,则是1B型的海洋线虫数量最少,占16.67%,春季、夏季和秋季则是1A型的海洋线虫数量最少,所占比例从10.14%到16.85%不等。
凤林红树林湿地海洋线虫的年平均丰度为(856.92±168.95)个/(10 cm2),共鉴定海洋线虫42属,18科,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势属为TerschellingiaSabatieria、AnoplostomaViscosiaDaptonemaPtycholaimellus,优势度分别为18.10%、12.28%、11.11%、9.41%、6.09%和5.11%,优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势科为LinhomoeidaeComesomatidaeAnoplostomatidaeChromadoridaeOncholaimidaeSphaerolaimidaeXyalidaeCyatholaimidae,优势度分别为24.64%、15.50%、11.11%、10.04%、9.59%、7.80%、6.36%和5.29%。
春季共鉴定海洋线虫20属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共5属(表4),共占总鉴定量的77.78%,最优势属为Anoplostoma(23.66%)。夏季共鉴定海洋线虫25属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共6属,共占总鉴定量的57.76%,最优势属为Sabatieria(15.88%)。秋季共鉴定海洋线虫24属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共6属,共占总鉴定量的73.31%,最优势属为Terschellingia(37.22%)。冬季共鉴定海洋线虫23属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共7属,共占总鉴定量的76.53%,最优势属为Terschellingia(21.43%)。
综上所述,在优势度≥5%的海洋线虫中,不同季节有2个共有属,Sabatieria以及Anoplostoma。春季的最优势属为Anoplostoma(23.66%),夏季的最优势属为Sabatieria(15.88%),秋季和冬季的最优势属则为Terschellingia(37.22%、21.43%)。经统计分析,P>0.05,R=0.182,表明凤林红树林湿地的海洋线虫群落的季节差异不显著。
图4可知,就整体的季节变化而言,按食性的优势度排序,春季:1B>2B>2A>1A;夏季:1B>2A>2B>1A;秋季:1A>2A>1B>2B;冬季:2A>1A>1B>2B。其中,秋季是1A型的海洋线虫为主导,为38.72%,冬季是2A为主导,占42.52%,春季和夏季均是以1B为主导,比例分别为:48.75%和38.63%。此外,在春、夏季1A型的海洋线虫数量最少,分别占0%和18.41%,秋、冬季均是2B型的海洋线虫数量最少,比例从7.52%~14.63%不等。
洛阳江口红树林湿地海洋线虫的年平均丰度为(653.49±82.24)个/(10 cm2),共鉴定海洋线虫52属,18科,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势属为SabatieriaParasphaerolaimusViscosiaPtycholaimellusTrissonchulusHopperiaDaptonemaTerschellingia,优势度分别为23.40%、9.96%、7.49%、7.03%、6.64%、5.87%、5.48%和5.25%,优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势科为Comesomatidae、Sphaerolaimidae、Chromadoridae、Linhomoeidae、Oncholaimidae、Xyalidae和Ironidae,优势度分别为29.58%、12.82%、10.89%、9.88%、9.34%、6.87%和6.64%。
春季共鉴定海洋线虫31属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共8属(表5),共占总鉴定量的74.31%,最优势属为Sabatieria(18.40%)。夏季共鉴定海洋线虫29属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共5属,共占总鉴定量的68.71%,最优势属为Sabatieria(24.15%)。秋季共鉴定海洋线虫26属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共6属,共占总鉴定量的74.21%,最优势属为Sabatieria(22.14%)。冬季共鉴定海洋线虫25属,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫共6属,共占总鉴定量的76.49%,最优势属为Sabatieria(29.14%)。
综上所述,在优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫中,不同季节有2个共有属,SabatieriaParasphaerolaimus。各季节的最优势属均为Sabatieria,比例从18.40%到29.14%不等,比例最高在冬季,比例最低在春季。经统计分析,P<0.05,R=0.373,表明洛阳江口红树林湿地的海洋线虫群落的季节差异极显著。
图5可知,就整体的季节变化而言,按食性的优势度排序,春季:1B>2B>2A>1A;夏季:1B>2B>2A>1A;秋季:2B>1B>2A>1A;冬季:1B>2A>2B>1A。可以看出,洛阳江红树林的春季、夏季、冬季的海洋线虫均是以1B型的线虫为主,比例从35.71%到45.70%不等,而在秋季则是以2B型的海洋线虫为主,占50.85%。1A型的海洋线虫在洛阳江口红树林湿地所有季节的数量均最少,比例从3.06%到7.62%不等。
湾坞红树林湿地(缺春季数据)海洋线虫的年平均丰度为(359.48±77.06)个/(10 cm2),共鉴定海洋线虫51属,19科,其中优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势属为DaptonemaPtycholaimellusSpilophorellaDichromadoraViscosiaSphaerolaimus,优势度分别为22.86%、15.81%、11.43%、9.94%、6.36%和5.57%,优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫优势科为Chromadoridae、Xyalidae、Sphaerolaimidae、Oncholaimidae和Comesomatidae,优势度分别为37.48%、24.16%、8.65%、6.46%和5.47%。
夏季共鉴定海洋线虫42属,其中优势度大于等于5%的线虫共9属(表6),共占总鉴定量的68.47%,最优势属为Spilophorella(19.75%)。秋季共鉴定海洋线虫25属,其中优势度大于等于5%的线虫共5属,共占总鉴定量的78.34%,最优势属为Daptonema(28.11%)。冬季共鉴定海洋线虫20属,其中优势度大于等于5%的线虫共4属,共占总鉴定量的80.52%,最优势属为Daptonema(34.46%)。
综上所述,在优势度大于等于5%的海洋线虫中,不同季节有2个共有属,DaptonemaSphaerolaimus。秋季和冬季的最优势属均为Daptonema,比例从28.11%到34.46%不等,夏季的最优势属为Spilophorella(19.75%)。经统计分析,P<0.01,R=0.49,表明湾坞红树林湿地中海洋线虫群落的季节差异极显著。
图6可知,就整体的季节变化而言,按食性的优势度排序,夏季:2A>1B>2B>1A;秋季:2A>1B>2B>1A;冬季:1B>2A>2B>1A。可以看出,2A型的海洋线虫在夏季和秋季数量最多,分别占36.72%和46.08%,1B型的海洋线虫在冬季数量最多,占43.45%。在各季节中1A型的海洋线虫数量均最少,比例从3.00%到6.23%不等。
在5片红树林湿地中,优势度大于5%的海洋线虫共12属(图7)。漳江口红树林湿地4属:SabatieriaPtycholaimellusParasphaeroalaimusAnoplostoma,占49.14%。九龙江口红树林湿地5属:SabatieriaParasphaeroalaimusDichromadoraTerschellingiaViscosia,占62.26%。凤林红树林湿地6属:TerschellingiaSabatieriaAnoplostomaViscosiaDaptonemaPtycholaimellus,占62.10%。洛阳江口红树林湿地8属:SabatieriaParasphaeroalaimusViscosiaPtycholaimellusTrissonchulusHopperiaDaptonemaTerschellingia,占71.12%。湾坞红树林湿地6属:DaptonemaPtycholaimellusSpilophorellaDichromadoraViscosiaSphaerolaimus,占71.97%。
对于最优势属而言,在漳江口红树林湿地、九龙江口红树林湿地及洛阳江红树林湿地均以Sabatieria为最优势属,优势度分别为27.87%、28.37%和23.40%。在凤林红树林湿地Terschellingia为最优势属,优势度为18.10%。在湾坞红树林湿地Daptonema为最优势属,优势度为22.86%。
福建省5片红树林湿地海洋线虫摄食类型的百分比见图8,漳江口红树林:1B>2A>2B>1A,九龙江口红树林:1B>2B>2A>1A,凤林红树林:1B>2A>2B>1A,洛阳江红树林:2B>1B>2A>1A,湾坞红树林:2A>1B>2B>1A。其中,凤林红树林湿地的4种摄食类型分布较均匀。比较各采样区域的最优势摄食类型,湾坞红树林湿地2A型的海洋线虫数量最多,比例为39.76%;洛阳江红树林湿地2B型的海洋线虫占35.52%,1B型占35.21%;其余红树林湿地的海洋线虫摄食类型主要是1B型,比例分别为40.83%、32.69%和33.24%。5片红树林湿地均是1A型的海洋线虫数量最少,所占比例6.96%~19.80%不等。
不同植被类型的红树植物具有不同的呼吸根,不同凋零的有机碎屑,影响了红树林内沉积物粒度的变化和有机质的质含量[18-19]。红树林湿地底栖动物群落结构的因素复杂多样,且可能与树龄存在一定的关系[20]。郭玉清[21]在厦门凤林红树林湿地海洋线虫群落的研究中认为,海洋线虫的群落结构与不同红树植物形成的沉积物有关。但是从目前的研究报道来看,世界范围不同维度红树林湿地沉积物中,海洋线虫群落中出现的优势属有一定的规律性,DaptonemaTheristusViscosiaDorylaimopsisHopperiaPtycholaimellusTerschellingiaPtycholaimellusSabatieriaAnoplostoma等为常见的优势属(表7)。Pinto等[4]对巴西Itamaracá岛红树林中不同微生境的海洋线虫群落研究发现,美洲红树(Rhizophora mangle)泥质沉积物的海洋线虫主要优势属为Daptonema,附着在美洲红树呼吸根上的藻类沉积物的海洋线虫主要优势属为Terschellingia
本研究5片红树林湿地海洋线虫优势度大于5%的优势属依次为SabatieriaPtycholaimellusParasphaerolaimusTerschellingiaDaptonemaViscosiaDichromadoraAnoplostomaSpilophorellaTrissonchulusHopperiaSphaeroalaimus。这些属大多数包括的物种数量较多,例如,Sabatieria目前有105个有效种[22]。随着人们对红树林湿地研究的深入,新种报道不断。国外近年来Gagarin和Thanh[23]、Gagarin和Tu[24]、Phu等[25]和Mokievsky等[13]等陆续在越南湄公河入海口、红河三角洲和芽庄湾河口红树林区发现报道了海洋线虫新种近40种。国内郭玉清等在福建红树林湿地陆续发表Sabatieria [26]Hopperia [27]Trissonchulus [28]Parodontophora [29]优势属的新种近10种。研究还发现,亚热带福建沿海区域,海洋线虫近缘种和隐形种的大量存在。裸口线虫属(Anoplostoma)被报道是世界范围内红树林湿地常见的优势属[30],本项目组在福建厦门红树林沉积物的样品中发现了新种拟胎生裸口线虫(Anoplostoma paraviviparum),从结构形态特征上,与胎生裸口线虫(Anoplostoma viviparum)十分相似,但研究中始终没有发现其成熟雌性标本的胎生现象,被确定为新种[31]
许多研究表明,海洋线虫物种组成和分布与沉积环境,特别是沉积物类型、食物来源有关。由于红树林的特殊环境特性,底泥温度成为影响红树林海洋线虫群落的重要控制因素[32]。夏季,底层环境经过春季的积累,已经有了相当数量的有机碎屑,为小型底栖动物提供丰富的食物来源,较高的温度和充足的食物来源对其生殖和发育有利,小型底栖动物的密度相对较高[33]。本研究中除九龙江口红树林海洋线虫在春季优势属最多,夏季优势属次之为26属,其余4片红树林海洋线虫均在夏季优势属最多,分别是37属、25属、29属和42属。在粉砂质站位,沉积物中黏土含量较少,粒度增大,当沉积物处于氧化状态时,随着细小悬浮颗粒的沉降,有机质常发生聚集,这为海洋线虫的生长繁殖提供了充足的食物来源,从而导致物种多样性较高[34]。五片红树林湿地沉积物类型均为泥质洛阳江口红树林的沉积物粒径组成以粉砂为主,其次是黏土、砂,没有砾[35],洛阳江口桐花树林中共鉴定海洋线虫52属,稍高于4片秋茄林鉴定的线虫属。
海洋线虫物种分化强烈,类群多样,作为无脊椎动物中物种数目较多的门类,据估计,全球范围内仍有约85%的海洋线虫从未报道,因而被认为是最缺乏研究的类群之一[36]。我国红树林湿地记录有形态特征描述、测量数据及绘图的海洋线虫只有20余种,分类研究还十分薄弱[30]
海洋线虫几乎能利用周围环境中的所有的营养源,如细菌、有机碎屑、微藻、真菌、微型底栖生物(主要为底栖原生动物)及其他的小型底栖动物[2]。海洋线虫口器的不同结构,代表了不同的摄食机制,其摄食类型的变化反应了沉积物中线虫食物来源的不同以及沉积物中有机物存在形式的不同[9]。Nicholas等[10]对温带澳大利亚红树林湿地研究表明,低潮位泥滩2A型的海洋线虫数量占50%以上,红树林种植区域1A型的海洋线虫数量超过60%,高潮位沉积物中主要是以其他小型海洋线虫、多毛类幼体为食的2B型为主。Chinnadurai和Fernand[15]对印度Pichavaram和Parangipettai两片红树林湿地研究发现,在白骨壤林湿地2A型海洋线虫占主导,沉积食性者(1A+1B)海洋线虫则在秋茄林湿地占主导。Ólafsson[17]对东非红树林湿地的线虫摄食类型研究发现,2A型海洋线虫数量占主导。Nguyen[37]对越南Can Gio红树林湿地的研究发现1B型海洋线虫占主导,其次是1A型。但香港秋茄林[16]中以1A型的海洋线虫为主。本研究在漳江口红树林、九龙江口红树林和凤林红树林中海洋线虫均以1B型为主导,在湾坞红树林中以2A型为主导,在洛阳江口红树林是2B型为主导,在5个区域内1A型海洋线虫的丰度均为最低。春季,除漳江口红树林海洋线虫最优食性为2A型,1B型次之,其余3片红树林海洋线虫最优食性均为1B型;除漳江口红树林2B型的海洋线虫数量最少,1A型次之,其余3片红树林均1A型的海洋线虫数量最少(湾坞缺春季数据)。夏季,除湾坞红树林海洋线虫最优食性为2A型,1B型次之,其余4片红树林线虫最优食性均为1B型;5片红树林均1A型的海洋线虫数量最少。这可能是因为春夏季红树林的有机质质量分数较高,海洋线虫主要以腐烂的有机碎屑为食。秋冬季5片红树林线虫食性无明显规律性特征。
本研究通过对福建省5片红树林湿地海洋线虫的优势属和摄食类型研究,发现在漳江口红树林、九龙江口红树林及洛阳江红树林湿地均以Sabatieria为第一优势属;在凤林红树林湿地Terschellingia为第一优势的线虫属;在湾坞红树林湿地Daptonema为第一优势属。湾坞红树林海洋线虫的摄食类型主要以2A型为主,这与PtycholaimellusSpilophorellaDichromadora的优势度之和占总数的比值超过1/3有关;洛阳江红树林湿地海洋线虫的摄食类型主要是2B型,1B型仅次之;其余红树林湿地海洋线虫的摄食类型主要是1B型,这可能是红树林沉积物中有机质质量分数较高,海洋线虫主要以腐烂的有机碎屑为食。
  • 国家自然科学基金(31772416);福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01450)。
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2019年第41卷第12期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.12.009
  • 接收时间:2018-09-18
  • 首发时间:2026-04-03
  • 出版时间:2019-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2018-09-18
  • 修回日期:2019-03-13
基金
国家自然科学基金(31772416);福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01450)。
作者信息
    1 集美大学 水产学院,福建 厦门 361021
    2 厦门市海洋与渔业研究所,福建 厦门 361008

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*郭玉清,博士,教授,从事海洋底栖生物学研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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