Article(id=1244308294421037820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1244308288934883825, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1574956800000, receivedDateStr=2019-11-29, revisedDate=1588348800000, revisedDateStr=2020-05-02, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774595815519, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1603555200000, pubDateStr=2020-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774595815519, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774595815519, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774595815519, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244308288934883825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2020', volume='42', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='154', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774595814212, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774597088429, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244313633455452997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1244308288934883825, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244313633455452998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1244308288934883825, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=144, endPage=154, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244308294764970760, articleId=1244308294421037820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Characteristics of dissolved oxygen and pH variations in summer off the Qinhuangdao, columnId=1194652708754920165, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Research Note, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Dissolved oxygen is an indispensable element for the survival of marine organisms. With the increase of human activities, the situation of hypoxia in the global coastal waters has become exacerbated, which is considered as an important factor threatening the health of the marine ecosystem. The vertical distributions of water temperature, salinity and density were investigated in the offshore area of Qinhuangdao from May to September in 2017. Additionally, the average monthly oxygen consumption rate was evaluated, and hence the mechanism of hypoxia and acidification was discussed. The results showed that the water column in the studied area was vertically homogenous in May, and no obvious difference for dissolved oxygen (DO) between the surface and bottom layers, with the value larger than 8 mg/L. From June to August, the pycnocline presented in the mid of the water column. In this period, DO and pH in bottom water gradually decreased, and reached 2−3 mg/L for DO and less than 7.8 for pH in the end of August, suggesting significant hypoxia and acidification in this area. However, DO and pH in bottom water sharply increased in September, after the pycnocline disappeared. The result indicated that hypoxia and acidification of Qinhuangdao offshore waters are seasonal. DO was significantly correlated with chlorophyll a and pH, indicating that the hypoxic and acidified processes in the offshore area of Qinhuangdao were local. The evaluated oxygen consumption rate, based on the box model, in bottom water and sediment ranged from 951 mg/(m2·d) to 1193 mg/(m2·d) (mean: 975 mg/(m2·d)) from June to August in 2017. Comprehensive analysis showed that water stratification was the prerequisite for the occurrence of hypoxia and acidification in Qinhuangdao offshore waters, and DO consumption caused by organic matter decomposition was an important reason of hypoxia and acidification in bottom water.

, correspAuthors=Liang Zhao, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Haiyang Xuebao, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zihan Zhao, Guisheng Song, Liang Zhao), CN=ArticleExt(id=1244308298246243240, articleId=1244308294421037820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=秦皇岛外海夏季溶解氧与pH的变化特征分析, columnId=1194652708993995497, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=研究报道, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

溶解氧(DO)是海洋生物生存不可缺少的要素。随着人类活动的增加,全球近岸海域低氧情况愈发严重,已经成为威胁海洋生态系统健康的重要因素。通过对2017年5−9月秦皇岛外海区域的观测调查,探讨了该海域低氧与酸化的形成机制并计算了月平均耗氧速率。结果表明,5月秦皇岛外海水体混合较为均匀,表、底层DO浓度一致,均大于8 mg/L;6月开始形成密度跃层,与此同时底层DO浓度和pH开始下降;8月底层呈现明显的低氧和酸化状态,DO浓度下降至2~3 mg/L,pH下降至7.8以下;9月随着层化消失,底层水体DO浓度和pH逐渐升高。相关性分析显示,DO和叶绿素a (Chl a)以及pH具有良好的耦合性,说明秦皇岛外海区域的低氧发生过程主要为局地变化。同时表明DO浓度和pH主要受水体中浮游植物的光合作用和有机物有氧分解的影响。通过箱式模型计算得到2017年6−8月密度跃层以下水体及沉积物耗氧速率为951~1193 mg/(m2·d)[平均为975 mg/(m2·d)]。综合来看,水体分层是秦皇岛外海低氧和酸化发生的先决条件,跃层以下的有机物分解耗氧则是底层水体发生低氧和酸化的重要原因。

, correspAuthors=赵亮, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*赵亮,男,教授,主要从事海洋生态动力学方向。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=B53jucWo8zZ0aMaMenE1xw==, magXml=Zy4RtoaM+tEs+3h7mumUbA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=3aWD3pq+OWglUKCDBHHYAQ==, pdfFileSize=24333399, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=o+k+XbjpvRaztwnQPJcPkQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=yKbcMOIibg7RthFtsELT1A==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

赵紫涵(1993-),女,山西省忻州市,主要研究方向为海洋生态动力学。E-mail:

, authorsList=赵紫涵, 宋贵生, 赵亮)}, authors=[Author(id=1246523607988458340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhaozihan@mail.tust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1246523608181396327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, authorId=1246523607988458340, language=EN, stringName=Zihan Zhao, firstName=Zihan, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1246523608277865322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, authorId=1246523607988458340, language=CN, stringName=赵紫涵, firstName=紫涵, middleName=null, lastName=赵, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457, bio={"content":"

赵紫涵(1993-),女,山西省忻州市,主要研究方向为海洋生态动力学。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

赵紫涵(1993-),女,山西省忻州市,主要研究方向为海洋生态动力学。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1246523607619359578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607631942491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607619359578, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607644525404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607619359578, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1246523608357557104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1246523608433054582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, authorId=1246523608357557104, language=EN, stringName=Guisheng Song, firstName=Guisheng, middleName=null, lastName=Song, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1246523608504357754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, authorId=1246523608357557104, language=CN, stringName=宋贵生, firstName=贵生, middleName=null, lastName=宋, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1246523607728411486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607782937440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607728411486, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607791326049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607728411486, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072)])]), Author(id=1246523608609215358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhaoliang@tust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1246523608701490052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, authorId=1246523608609215358, language=EN, stringName=Liang Zhao, firstName=Liang, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1246523608806347658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, authorId=1246523608609215358, language=CN, stringName=赵亮, firstName=亮, middleName=null, lastName=赵, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1246523607619359578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607631942491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607619359578, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607644525404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607619359578, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1246523610458903450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=the sea off Qinghuangdao), Keyword(id=1246523610551178147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=hypoxia), Keyword(id=1246523610643452842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=acidification), Keyword(id=1246523610744116147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=oxygen consumption rate), Keyword(id=1246523610819613626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=秦皇岛外海), Keyword(id=1246523610911888319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=低氧), Keyword(id=1246523611004163015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=酸化), Keyword(id=1246523611104826313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=耗氧速率)], refs=[Reference(id=1246523615018111075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石强. 北黄海夏季溶解氧与表观耗氧量年际变化时空模态[J]. 应用海洋学报, 2018, 37(1): 9−25., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615110385772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi Qiang. Spatio-temporal modes on inter-annual variation of dissolved oxygen and apparent oxygen utilization in summer of the North Yellow Sea[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2018, 37(1): 9−25., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615219437681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Diaz R J, Rosenberg R. Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems[J]. Science, 2008, 321(5891): 926−929., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615315906676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ekau W, Auel H, Pörtner H O, et al. Impacts of hypoxia on the structure and processes in pelagic communities (zooplankton, macro-invertebrates and fish)[J]. Biogeosciences, 2010, 7(5): 1669−1699., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615408181367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Levin L A, Ekau W, Gooday A J, et al. Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos[J]. Biogeosciences, 2009, 6(10): 2063−2098., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615500456060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Naqvi S W A, Bange H W, Farías L, et al. Marine hypoxia/anoxia as a source of CH4 and N2O[J]. Biogeosciences, 2010, 7(7): 2159−2190., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615592730751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Breitburg D, Levin L A, Oschlies A, et al. Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters[J]. Science, 2018, 359(6371): 7240., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615693394051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Murphy R R, Kemp W M, Ball W P. Long-term trends in Chesapeake Bay seasonal hypoxia, stratification, and nutrient loading[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2011, 34(6): 1293−1309., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615802445959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Turner R E, Rabalais N N, Justić D. Predicting summer hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Redux[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2012, 64(2): 319−324., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523615907303563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Carstensen J, Conley D J, Bonsdorff E, et al. Hypoxia in the Baltic Sea: biogeochemical cycles, benthic fauna, and management[J]. AMBIO, 2014, 43(1): 26−36., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616079270033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Baodong. Hydromorphological mechanisms leading to hypoxia off the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2009, 67(1): 53−58., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616179933332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hagy J D, Boynton W R, Keefe C W, et al. Hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay, 1950−2001: long-term change in relation to nutrient loading and river flow[J]. Estuaries, 2004, 27(4): 634−658., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616301568153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Conley D J, Humborg C, Rahm L, et al. Hypoxia in the Baltic Sea and basin-scale changes in phosphorus biogeochemistry[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(24): 5315−5320., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616381259931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Neretin L N, Volkov I I, Böttcher M E, et al. A sulfur budget for the Black Sea anoxic zone[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2001, 48(12): 2569−2593., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616473534624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韦钦胜, 王保栋, 于志刚, 等. 夏季长江口外缺氧频发的机制及酸化问题初探[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2017, 60(2): 360−381., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616561615012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Qinsheng, Wang Baodong, Yu Zhigang, et al. Mechanisms leading to the frequent occurrences of hypoxia and a preliminary analysis of the associated acidification off the Changjiang Estuary in summer[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2017, 60(2): 360−381., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616645501096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu Liuqian, Fennel K, Laurent A. A modeling study of physical controls on hypoxia generation in the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2015, 120(7): 5019−5039., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616779718829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Feng, Chai Fei, Huang Daji, et al. Investigation of hypoxia off the Changjiang Estuary using a coupled model of ROMS-CoSiNE[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2017, 159: 237−254., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616859410609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Haiyan, Zhao Liang, Sun Yao, et al. Contribution of sediment oxygen demand to hypoxia development off the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2017, 192: 149−157., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523616972656820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lehrter J C, Beddick D L Jr, Devereux R, et al. Sediment-water fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon, O2, nutrients, and N2 from the hypoxic region of the Louisiana continental shelf[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2012, 109(1): 233−252., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617056542903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McCarthy M J, Carini S A, Liu Zhanfei, et al. Oxygen consumption in the water column and sediments of the northern Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2013, 123: 46−53., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617161400507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Reimers C E, Özkan-Haller H T, Berg P, et al. Benthic oxygen consumption rates during hypoxic conditions on the Oregon continental shelf: Evaluation of the eddy correlation method[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2012, 117(C2): C02021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617245286589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Chenglong, Zhai Weidong. Decomposing monthly declines in subsurface-water pH and aragonite saturation state from spring to autumn in the North Yellow Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2019, 185: 37−50., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617358532801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘喜惠, 刘方, 丁页, 等. 渤海环流对近岸海域无机氮分布特征的影响[J]. 中国环境监测, 2019(6): 78−84., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617467584707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Xihui, Liu Fang, Ding Ye, et al. Influence of circulation on the distribution characteristics of inorganic nitrogen in the Bohai Coastal Sea[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2019(6): 78−84., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617580830919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Feng, Huang Daji, Xue Huijie, et al. Circulations associated with cold pools in the Bohai Sea on the Chinese continental shelf[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2017, 137: 25−38., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617685688523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Yanfang, Wolanski E, Zhang Hua. What processes control the net currents through shallow straits? A review with application to the Bohai Strait, China[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2015, 158: 1−11., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523617790546127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lin Xiapei, Xie Shangping, Chen Xinping, et al. A well-mixed warm water column in the central Bohai Sea in summer: Effects of tidal and surface wave mixing[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2006, 111(C11): C11017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523619334050002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周锋, 黄大吉, 苏纪兰. 夏季渤海温跃层下的双中心冷水结构的数值模拟[J]. 科学通报, 2009, 54(11): 1591−1599., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523619468267736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Feng, Huang Daji, Su Jilan. Numerical simulation of the dual-core structure of the Bohai Sea bottom water in summer[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2009, 54(11): 1591−1599., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523619573125341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Qinsheng, Wang Baodong, Yao Qingzhen, et al. Spatiotemporal variations in the summer hypoxia in the Bohai Sea (China) and controlling mechanisms[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2019, 138: 125−134., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523619686371552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石强. 渤海夏季溶解氧与表观耗氧量年际变化时空模态[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2016, 35(2): 243−255., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523619778646243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi Qiang. Spatio-temporal mode for inter-annual change of dissolved oxygen and apparent oxygen utilization in summer Bohai Sea[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2016, 35(2): 243−255., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523619862532327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=翟惟东, 赵化德, 郑楠, 等. 2011年夏季渤海西北部、北部近岸海域的底层耗氧与酸化[J]. 科学通报, 2012, 57(9): 753−758., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523619979972842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhai Weidong, Zhao Huade, Zheng Nan, et al. Coastal acidification in summer bottom oxygen-depleted waters in northwestern-northern Bohai Sea from June to August in 2011[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2012, 57(9): 753−758., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620089024747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张华, 李艳芳, 唐诚, 等. 渤海底层低氧区的空间特征与形成机制[J]. 科学通报, 2016, 61(14): 1612−1620., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620198076657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Hua, Li Yanfang, Tang Cheng, et al. Spatial characteristics and formation mechanisms of bottom hypoxia zone in the Bohai Sea during summer[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2016, 61(14): 1612−1620., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620277768434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Huade, Kao S J, Zhai Weidong, et al. Effects of stratification, organic matter remineralization and bathymetry on summertime oxygen distribution in the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2017, 134: 15−25., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620370043127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhai Weidong, Zhao Huade, Su Jilan, et al. Emergence of summertime hypoxia and concurrent carbonate mineral suppression in the central Bohai Sea, China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 2019, 124(9): 2768−2785., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620462317817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵骞, 陈玥, 陈元, 等. 秦皇岛海域海流特征及规模化养殖对其影响的观测研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2019(6): 23−36., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620546203901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Qian, Chen Yue, Chen Yuan, et al. Current characteristics and its response to large-scale mariculture in Qinhuangdao coastal area based on in-situ observation[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2019(6): 23−36., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620667838721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Song Guisheng, Zhao Liang, Chai Fei, et al. Summertime oxygen depletion and acidification in Bohai Sea, China[J]. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2020, 7: 252., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620764307720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gill A E. Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics[M]. London: Academic Press, 1982., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620877553931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石晓勇, 陆茸, 张传松, 等. 长江口邻近海域溶解氧分布特征及主要影响因素[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 2006, 36(2): 287−290, 294., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523620969828622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi Xiaoyong, Lu Rong, Zhang Chuansong, et al. Distribution and main influence factors process of dissolved oxygen in the adjacent area of the Changjiang Estuary in autumn[J]. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2006, 36(2): 287−290, 294., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621041131789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张莹莹, 张经, 吴莹, 等. 长江口溶解氧的分布特征及影响因素研究[J]. 环境科学, 2007, 28(8): 1649−1654., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621104046353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Yingying, Zhang Jing, Wu Ying, et al. Characteristics of dissolved oxygen and its affecting factors in the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Environmental Science, 2007, 28(8): 1649−1654., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621187932438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高小丰, 吴莹, 朱卓毅. 长江口外浮游植物死亡释放溶解有机质的降解及其溶氧消耗[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2015, 46(5): 1010−1017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621284401432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gao Xiaofeng, Wu Ying, Zhu Zhuoyi. Degradation of dissolved organic matter from dead phytoplankton off the Changjiang River Estuary and the resulting dissolved oxygen consumption[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2015, 46(5): 1010−1017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621372481821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王奎, 陈建芳, 金海燕, 等. 长江口及邻近海域营养盐四季分布特征[J]. 海洋学研究, 2011, 29(3): 18−35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621464756514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Kui, Chen Jianfang, Jin Haiyan, et al. The four seasons nutrients distribution in Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2011, 29(3): 18−35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621565419815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=51, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Zhuoyi, Hu Jun, Song Guodong, et al. Phytoplankton-driven dark plankton respiration in the hypoxic zone off the Changjiang Estuary, revealed by in vitro incubations[J]. Journal of Marine Systems, 2016, 154: 50−56., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621661888812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=52, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Murrell C M, Lehrter C J. Sediment and lower water column oxygen consumption in the seasonally hypoxic region of the Louisiana continental shelf[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2011, 34(5): 912−924., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621762552114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=53, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fu Yanzhao, Xu Shiguo, Liu Jianwei. Temporal-spatial variations and developing trends of Chlorophyll-a in the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2016, 173: 49−56., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246523621879992629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=54, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Xin, Yu Zhiming, He Liyan, et al. Nano- and microphytoplankton community characteristics in brown tide bloom-prone waters of the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2017, 60(6): 1189−1200., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1246523614846144603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1401602);国家自然科学基金(41876018,41606098);天津市自然科学基金(19JCZDJC40600)。, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1246523607619359578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607631942491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607619359578, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607644525404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607619359578, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1246523607728411486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607782937440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607728411486, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246523607791326049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, companyId=1246523607728411486, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1246523611381650393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=The location of the study section in the Bohai Sea (a), the location distribution of the stations in the section (b)

The blue arrow is circulation model in the Bohai Sea in summer [23]; stations A1−A6 (black dots) are distributed from May to August, among which there are only four stations (A1, A2, A5 and A6) in May due to instrument problems; Station B58 and Station B59 (blue pentacles) are close to this research stations during the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea Shared Voyage of NSFC in September; Station B4 (green triangle) is the station where the diffusion coefficient was measured in early August 2018; the contour line represents the depth of water (unit: m)

, figureFileSmall=mDsfSghlydvWtT+l1k26pA==, figureFileBig=rAK5DeLAER3mi1PjHssU3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523611478119392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究断面所在渤海位置(a)和断面具体站位分布(b)

蓝色箭头为夏季渤海环流模式[23];A1−A6站(黑色圆点)为5−8月站位分布,其中5月由于仪器问题只有A1、A2、A5和A6这4个站位数据;B58和B59站(蓝色五角星)为国家自然基金委黄渤海共享航次中9月份靠近本研究站位的两个站位分布;B4站(绿色三角形)是2018年8月上旬进行扩散系数测量的站位;等值线表示水深(单位:m)

, figureFileSmall=mDsfSghlydvWtT+l1k26pA==, figureFileBig=rAK5DeLAER3mi1PjHssU3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523611608142827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Distribution diagram of temperature cross section from May to September

The solid gray line is the upper and lower boundary position of the density jump obtained according to the calculated buoyancy frequency (N2>10−3/s2)

, figureFileSmall=OamklM4smfGLhgFforR21g==, figureFileBig=pdfujtWqqLwGpMYtVuNcCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523611683640308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图2, caption=5月(a)、6月(b)、7月(c)、8月(d)、9月(e)温度断面分布

灰色实线是根据计算的浮力频率所得到的密度跃层上下界位置(N2>10−3/s2

, figureFileSmall=OamklM4smfGLhgFforR21g==, figureFileBig=pdfujtWqqLwGpMYtVuNcCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523611771720697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Distribution diagram of salinity cross section from May to September

The solid gray line is the upper and lower boundary position of the density jump obtained according to the calculated buoyancy frequency (N2>10−3/s2)

, figureFileSmall=peH0lBrOpta3z1rDFHoB0w==, figureFileBig=mw9jjgQK92Ijj+D0UsimJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523611843023869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图3, caption=5月(a)、6月(b)、7月(c)、8月(d)、9月(e)盐度断面分布

灰色实线是根据计算的浮力频率所得到的密度跃层上下界位置(N2>10−3/s2

, figureFileSmall=peH0lBrOpta3z1rDFHoB0w==, figureFileBig=mw9jjgQK92Ijj+D0UsimJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523611910131714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Distribution diagram of chlorophyll a concentration cross section from May to September

The solid gray line is the upper and lower boundary position of the density jump obtained according to the calculated buoyancy frequency (N2>10−3/s2)

, figureFileSmall=w8/RIxH1eNX0K2tpnCQjhg==, figureFileBig=joJQUuIhBNc/+jPFogca1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523611998212106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图4, caption=5月(a)、6月(b)、7月(c)、8月(d)、9月(e)Chl a浓度断面分布

灰色实线是根据计算的浮力频率所得到的密度跃层上下界位置(N2>10−3/s2

, figureFileSmall=w8/RIxH1eNX0K2tpnCQjhg==, figureFileBig=joJQUuIhBNc/+jPFogca1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612082098190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Distribution diagram of dissolved oxygen concentration cross section from May to September

The solid gray line is the upper and lower boundary position of the density jump obtained according to the calculated buoyancy frequency (N2>10−3/s2)

, figureFileSmall=mWqxvmtz/bRIdsLylOIpCQ==, figureFileBig=OYoqqI53yjsIvYwZI1xqyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612199538708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图5, caption=5月(a)、6月(b)、7月(c)、8月(d)、9月(e)DO浓度断面分布

灰色实线是根据计算的浮力频率所得到的密度跃层上下界位置(N2>10−3/s2

, figureFileSmall=mWqxvmtz/bRIdsLylOIpCQ==, figureFileBig=OYoqqI53yjsIvYwZI1xqyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612333756444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Distribution diagram of pH cross section from June to September

The solid gray line is the upper and lower boundary position of the density jump obtained according to the calculated buoyancy frequency (N2>10−3/s2)

, figureFileSmall=HqsC3w3fAsZvK8CQnhzY8g==, figureFileBig=okDDlcKDxcYrJlXp40gC/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612417642528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图6, caption=6月(a)、7月(b)、8月(c)、9月(d)pH断面分布

灰色实线是根据计算的浮力频率所得到的密度跃层上下界位置(N2>10−3/s2

, figureFileSmall=HqsC3w3fAsZvK8CQnhzY8g==, figureFileBig=okDDlcKDxcYrJlXp40gC/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612509917221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Distribution diagram of AOU cross section from June to September

The solid gray line is the upper and lower boundary position of the density jump obtained according to the calculated buoyancy frequency (N2>10−3/s2)

, figureFileSmall=zFYt9HMofTpY6/cXRIwEhg==, figureFileBig=UrnEZVf2OfJ+IQwBI72CEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612639940653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图7, caption=6月(a)、7月(b)、8月(c)、9月(d)AOU断面分布

灰色实线是根据计算的浮力频率所得到的密度跃层上下界位置(N2>10−3/s2

, figureFileSmall=zFYt9HMofTpY6/cXRIwEhg==, figureFileBig=UrnEZVf2OfJ+IQwBI72CEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612728021041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Correlation analysis of DO and Chl a above pycnocline (a−c); correlation analysis of DO and pH in surface layer, pycnocline and bottom layer (d−f)

a. The correlation analysis of total DO and total Chl a in June, July and August; b−c. the correlation analysis of changes in DO and Chl a in June to July and July to August; d. the correlation analysis of total DO and total pH in June, July and August; e−f. the correlation analysis of DO and pH change in June to July and July to August

, figureFileSmall=98gompnDl3v5GsiI3JsEZw==, figureFileBig=IhyX3PwzfVbSlkcSm3EdGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612782546997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=图8, caption=跃层以上DO和Chl a的相关性分析(a−c);表层、跃层和底层DO和pH的相关性分析(d−f)

a. 6月、7月和8月总DO和总Chl a相关性分析;b−c. 6−7月和7−8月DO和Chl a变化量的相关性分析;d. 6月、7月和8月总DO和总pH相关性分析;e−f. 6−7月和7−8月DO和pH变化量的相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=98gompnDl3v5GsiI3JsEZw==, figureFileBig=IhyX3PwzfVbSlkcSm3EdGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246523612883210301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The specific information of the voyage

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位经纬度水深/m采样日期
  注:水深为5−8月仪器所测得最大值。
A139.758°N,119.428°E75月26日,6月29日,7月22日,8月22日
A239.688°N,119.634°E165月26日,6月27日,7月22日,8月22日
A339.618°N,119.840°E206月27日,7月22日,8月22日
A439.548°N,120.046°E266月29日,7月22日,8月22日
A539.478°N,120.252°E275月24日,6月27日,7月22日,8月22日
A639.408°N,120.458°E235月24日,6月27日,7月22日,8月22日
), ArticleFig(id=1246523612967096384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

航次具体信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位经纬度水深/m采样日期
  注:水深为5−8月仪器所测得最大值。
A139.758°N,119.428°E75月26日,6月29日,7月22日,8月22日
A239.688°N,119.634°E165月26日,6月27日,7月22日,8月22日
A339.618°N,119.840°E206月27日,7月22日,8月22日
A439.548°N,120.046°E266月29日,7月22日,8月22日
A539.478°N,120.252°E275月24日,6月27日,7月22日,8月22日
A639.408°N,120.458°E235月24日,6月27日,7月22日,8月22日
), ArticleFig(id=1246523613059371077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Oxygen consumption and corresponding chlorophyll a and nutrient in different regions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区沉积物耗氧速率
/mg·m−2·d−1
跃层以下水柱呼吸
耗氧速率/mg·m−3·d−1
Chl a
/μg·L−1
硝酸盐
/μmol·L−1
铵盐
/μmol·L−1
磷酸盐
/μmol·L−1
硅酸盐
/μmol·L−1
文献
  注:*表示沉积物和跃层以下水柱呼吸的耗氧速率之和(单位:mg/(m2·d))。
长江口432~768120~36000.1~220.1~39.84.4~5.30~1.930.6~70.1[16-17], [39-40]
俄勒冈州大陆架102~31431.5~34.90~2.22.8~3.261.5~62.6[20]
墨西哥湾北部352~8321484~33440~302.2~6.91.1~4.60.5~1.2[18, 41]
秦皇岛外海总和:975*0~70.8~4.90~5.60~0.41.3~38.4本文
), ArticleFig(id=1246523613155840075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1244308294421037820, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同地区耗氧情况以及对应的Chl a和营养盐浓度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区沉积物耗氧速率
/mg·m−2·d−1
跃层以下水柱呼吸
耗氧速率/mg·m−3·d−1
Chl a
/μg·L−1
硝酸盐
/μmol·L−1
铵盐
/μmol·L−1
磷酸盐
/μmol·L−1
硅酸盐
/μmol·L−1
文献
  注:*表示沉积物和跃层以下水柱呼吸的耗氧速率之和(单位:mg/(m2·d))。
长江口432~768120~36000.1~220.1~39.84.4~5.30~1.930.6~70.1[16-17], [39-40]
俄勒冈州大陆架102~31431.5~34.90~2.22.8~3.261.5~62.6[20]
墨西哥湾北部352~8321484~33440~302.2~6.91.1~4.60.5~1.2[18, 41]
秦皇岛外海总和:975*0~70.8~4.90~5.60~0.41.3~38.4本文
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441459026210850, delFlag=0, nameCn=海洋学报, nameEn=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-4193, eissn=null, cn=11-2055/P, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=否, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262543687, updatedTime=1761729782936, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, picEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190344242636624294, language=CN, name=海洋学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, createdTime=1761729782971, updatedTime=1761729782971, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190344242712121767, language=EN, name=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.aosocean.com/, createdTime=1761729782989, updatedTime=1761729782989, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149651085930835976, websiteList=[Website(id=1188165202219512001, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761210259251, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210330879, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=海洋学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166688563413602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210613623, updateTime=1761210613623, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688538247775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210613617, updateTime=1761210613617, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688529859166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210613615, updateTime=1761210613615, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688555024993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761210613621, updateTime=1761210613621, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688546636384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761210613619, updateTime=1761210613619, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688575996515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210613626, updateTime=1761210613626, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688596968036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210613631, updateTime=1761210613631, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1188165202282426564, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761210259266, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210377920, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Haiyang Xuebao, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166798101856873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210639739, updateTime=1761210639739, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798076691046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210639733, updateTime=1761210639733, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798068302437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210639731, updateTime=1761210639731, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798093468264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761210639737, updateTime=1761210639737, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798085079655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761210639735, updateTime=1761210639735, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798106051178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210639740, updateTime=1761210639740, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798110245483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210639741, updateTime=1761210639741, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=海洋学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Haiyang Xuebao, journalPhotoCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPhotoEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
秦皇岛外海夏季溶解氧与pH的变化特征分析
收藏切换
PDF下载
赵紫涵 1 , 宋贵生 2 , 赵亮 1, *
海洋学报 | 研究报道 2020,42(10): 144-154
收起
收藏切换
海洋学报 | 研究报道 2020, 42(10): 144-154
秦皇岛外海夏季溶解氧与pH的变化特征分析
全屏
赵紫涵1 , 宋贵生2, 赵亮1, *
作者信息
  • 1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
  • 2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072
  • 赵紫涵(1993-),女,山西省忻州市,主要研究方向为海洋生态动力学。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*赵亮,男,教授,主要从事海洋生态动力学方向。E-mail:
Characteristics of dissolved oxygen and pH variations in summer off the Qinhuangdao
Zihan Zhao1 , Guisheng Song2, Liang Zhao1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
  • 2 School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
出版时间: 2020-10-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014
文章导航
收藏切换

溶解氧(DO)是海洋生物生存不可缺少的要素。随着人类活动的增加,全球近岸海域低氧情况愈发严重,已经成为威胁海洋生态系统健康的重要因素。通过对2017年5−9月秦皇岛外海区域的观测调查,探讨了该海域低氧与酸化的形成机制并计算了月平均耗氧速率。结果表明,5月秦皇岛外海水体混合较为均匀,表、底层DO浓度一致,均大于8 mg/L;6月开始形成密度跃层,与此同时底层DO浓度和pH开始下降;8月底层呈现明显的低氧和酸化状态,DO浓度下降至2~3 mg/L,pH下降至7.8以下;9月随着层化消失,底层水体DO浓度和pH逐渐升高。相关性分析显示,DO和叶绿素a (Chl a)以及pH具有良好的耦合性,说明秦皇岛外海区域的低氧发生过程主要为局地变化。同时表明DO浓度和pH主要受水体中浮游植物的光合作用和有机物有氧分解的影响。通过箱式模型计算得到2017年6−8月密度跃层以下水体及沉积物耗氧速率为951~1193 mg/(m2·d)[平均为975 mg/(m2·d)]。综合来看,水体分层是秦皇岛外海低氧和酸化发生的先决条件,跃层以下的有机物分解耗氧则是底层水体发生低氧和酸化的重要原因。

秦皇岛外海  /  低氧  /  酸化  /  耗氧速率

Dissolved oxygen is an indispensable element for the survival of marine organisms. With the increase of human activities, the situation of hypoxia in the global coastal waters has become exacerbated, which is considered as an important factor threatening the health of the marine ecosystem. The vertical distributions of water temperature, salinity and density were investigated in the offshore area of Qinhuangdao from May to September in 2017. Additionally, the average monthly oxygen consumption rate was evaluated, and hence the mechanism of hypoxia and acidification was discussed. The results showed that the water column in the studied area was vertically homogenous in May, and no obvious difference for dissolved oxygen (DO) between the surface and bottom layers, with the value larger than 8 mg/L. From June to August, the pycnocline presented in the mid of the water column. In this period, DO and pH in bottom water gradually decreased, and reached 2−3 mg/L for DO and less than 7.8 for pH in the end of August, suggesting significant hypoxia and acidification in this area. However, DO and pH in bottom water sharply increased in September, after the pycnocline disappeared. The result indicated that hypoxia and acidification of Qinhuangdao offshore waters are seasonal. DO was significantly correlated with chlorophyll a and pH, indicating that the hypoxic and acidified processes in the offshore area of Qinhuangdao were local. The evaluated oxygen consumption rate, based on the box model, in bottom water and sediment ranged from 951 mg/(m2·d) to 1193 mg/(m2·d) (mean: 975 mg/(m2·d)) from June to August in 2017. Comprehensive analysis showed that water stratification was the prerequisite for the occurrence of hypoxia and acidification in Qinhuangdao offshore waters, and DO consumption caused by organic matter decomposition was an important reason of hypoxia and acidification in bottom water.

the sea off Qinghuangdao  /  hypoxia  /  acidification  /  oxygen consumption rate
赵紫涵, 宋贵生, 赵亮. 秦皇岛外海夏季溶解氧与pH的变化特征分析. 海洋学报, 2020 , 42 (10) : 144 -154 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014
Zihan Zhao, Guisheng Song, Liang Zhao. Characteristics of dissolved oxygen and pH variations in summer off the Qinhuangdao[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2020 , 42 (10) : 144 -154 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014
溶解氧(DO)是参与硝化反应、沉积物需氧(SOD)、生物活性组分氧化和生物与藻类呼吸等生物化学过程的重要海洋生源要素[1]。因此DO的变化对海洋生态环境有很大的影响,而氧的缺失严重影响底栖生物群落的多样性、丰度和生物量,还会导致温室气体增多,如一氧化二氮和甲烷[2],甚至破坏生态系统功能[3-5]
自19世纪50年代首次观测到近岸低氧现象以来,全球已有500多个近岸区域的水体DO浓度低于2 mg/L[6],且低氧发生区域的面积(体积)与程度不断增加,例如切萨皮克湾、墨西哥湾北部、波罗的海和长江口等[7-10]。研究发现,许多近岸海域的低氧属于季节性低氧,一般发生在夏季,同时低氧的出现往往伴随着酸化气体的产生,从而导致水体发生酸化。低氧和酸化的形成主要受区域内物理、化学及生物过程的共同控制。研究发现,近岸低氧和酸化发生的区域均具有特殊地形,这就导致了水体水平输运受限[11-14],而季节性层化阻碍了表层高DO浓度和高pH水体与底层水体的交换[15-16]。随着近岸水体营养物质增加,浮游植物大量繁殖,其死亡沉降后在底层水体中累积,增加了底层水体群落呼吸,从而消耗了底层水体大量的DO并产生了相应的酸化气体[17-21]
渤海是中国最大的内海,也是一个半封闭型浅海,夏季黄海暖流余脉通过渤海海峡北部进入渤海后产生分支,一支西行,一支沿辽东湾东岸北上。在渤海北部形成气旋式环流,在渤海中部形成反气旋式环流。沿辽东湾东岸北上的流动在西岸向南流出,与沿岸流汇集后,沿岸南下,通过莱州湾后,沿渤海海峡流出渤海,形成一个逆时针大流环[22-23]。与其他海域相比,渤海水交换能力弱,水停留时间约为1.5 a[24],并且在海表热交换的作用下会形成季节性温跃层[25-26]。自20世纪80年代初以来渤海海域实测的夏季底层DO浓度呈下降趋势且低氧面积不断增大[27],2007年渤海断面底层DO浓度便出现低于3.5 mg/L的水体,之后底层DO浓度有所回升[28]。2011年翟惟东等[29]观测到渤海出现DO低值区和酸化现象,DO最低值位于渤海北部近岸,约为3.3~3.6 mg/L,相应pH为7.64~7.68。至2014年8月,渤海中部区域观测到DO浓度低于3 mg/L,pH低于7.8的区域,空间分布呈南、北双核结构,分别位于秦皇岛外海和黄河口外海区域[30],低氧面积和体积分别为756 km2和7820×106 m3[31]。2015年9月初观测到历史上渤海底层水体DO的最低值,约2.11 mg/L[32]。渤海中部底层季节性低氧形成的主要原因包括:(1)夏季增温导致水体分层,阻碍了底层水体DO垂向补充,并且由于地形等原因导致DO水平输运受限;(2)营养盐的增加以及营养结构的失衡导致春季浮游植物大量暴发,死亡后产生的有机物在底层水体累积,氧化分解消耗了底层水体中大量的DO[27,31]。由于有机物耗氧分解会积累水体中的CO2,因而渤海的低氧区也是酸化区,导致夏季该海域低氧水体中的文石饱和度接近甚至低于1.5[32]
由于秦皇岛外海相比于黄河口外海DO的降低程度更为严重[30],且存在大量的养殖场[33],因此本研究选取位于秦皇岛外海的DO低值区域,设计了由岸向外垂直等深线且基本横跨低氧中心[27-29]的断面,于2017年5−8月每月1次开展断面调查,通过对该断面温度、盐度、Chl a、DO和pH的现场观测,研究了低氧和酸化在夏季的发生与发展过程。
对渤海低氧的研究表明,夏季渤海底层水体DO浓度呈逐年下降趋势,影响因素包括地形、温度、盐度、温度梯度以及有机物有氧分解[31-32]。由此可知,目前的研究工作对于渤海低氧的时空分布和影响因素已经有了较为全面的分析,但是对于渤海低氧和酸化的形成机理分析不够深入,季节内的演变过程研究还比较少,未来的趋势也尚不明确,而了解底层DO的演变过程,进而获取DO消耗速率,对于研究秦皇岛低氧和酸化的发展和开展及其预测具有重要的意义。
2017年航次站位分布如图1。除5−8月每月1次的观测之外,我们还搭载国家自然基金委黄渤海共享航次获得9月份靠近本研究区域的B58和B59两个站位的DO以及相关水文要素数据,虽然两个站位不在设计的断面上,但是这两个站位和设计站位均处于低氧中心位置附近。同时在2018年8月上旬在B4站对扩散系数进行了测量。5−8月4个航次具体信息见表1
现场采用多参数剖面仪(RBR maestro)获取各站位垂直剖面数据,包括温度、盐度、叶绿素荧光、DO浓度和pH。对于原始数据进行质量控制,去除感温并选择仪器下放时观测数据,然后再进行去尖峰操作和1 m深度平均,最后根据温克勒滴定法测得DO浓度和pH台式机测定的pH对处理后的RBR实测数据进行校准。pH计校准及现场海水温度、深度下pH计算过程见Song等[34],DO浓度标准偏差小于2%,pH精度为(0.005±0.008) pH单位,仪器数据与实验室数据相关系数分别为0.92和0.87。本文中所采用的温度、盐度、Chl a均使用仪器测量数据,DO浓度和pH使用经过校准后的仪器探头所测得的数据。
密度跃层位置通过计算浮力频率N所得到(取浮力频率的平方N2≥10−3,单位为s−2),浮力频率的平方计算公式如下[35]
${N^2}=\frac{{ - g}}{\rho }\frac{{{\rm{d}}\rho }}{{{\rm{d}}z}},$
式中,g为重力加速度,ρ为水体密度,$\dfrac{{{\rm{d}}\rho }}{{{\rm{d}}z}}$为密度随深度z的变化率。
一般来说,低氧水体是指溶解氧浓度小于2 mg/L的水体[5],但在本研究中采用的是周锋等[26]在长江口低氧的研究中对于低氧的定义,即溶解氧浓度小于3 mg/L。由2011年8月至2017年9月的观测数据显示,渤海水体中出现酸化现象,主要是由于水体物理环境和有机物分解导致局部CO2过剩,从而引起水体pH的降低[32]
调查结果显示(图2),春末(5月末)近岸水体(A1站、A2站)温度表、底一致,离岸水体(A5站和A6站)出现弱层结,整个水体温度均低于19℃。夏季(6−8月)水体中出现明显且稳定的温度分层结构,7月由于在观测前一天出现长时间大风转向导致混合层深度加深,6−8月表、底温差范围均在5~7℃。秋季(9月),该低氧中心位置的水体混合均匀,温跃层消失,表、底温度一致。盐度的垂向结构及其分布与温度不同,从春季到秋季表底盐度基本一致,盐度范围为30.56~32.35,夏季盐度略低于春季盐度,主要是由于夏季降雨量高于春季(图3)。
根据水体中温、盐的垂向分布以及季节变化分析可知,夏季研究区域表、底温差很大,而盐度变化较小,且密度跃层的深度与温度跃层的深度基本一致,因此秦皇岛外海区域密度跃层主要受温度控制。密度跃层在5月初现,6−8月强盛且稳定,9月消失,证明秦皇岛外海仅在夏季水柱中出现层化现象。
除温、盐外,我们还对研究区域水体中的Chl a进行了观测(图4)。从春季(5月)开始,大部分站位的次表层水体有较高的Chl a浓度。7月,由于混合层深度加深,次表层营养盐被带到表层,促进了表层初级生产力,因此表层有大面积Chl a浓度高值区,最高可达5 μg/L以上。秋季(9月)水柱中Chl a浓度均下降至1 μg/L。
对DO的观测结果显示(图5),春季(5月末)近岸水体DO浓度较低,离岸水体DO浓度较高,但整个水体中表、底DO浓度一致。夏季(6−8月),表层DO依旧处于饱和状态,而底层DO浓度逐渐下降,从6月的7~8 mg/L下降至8月的2~3 mg/L,最低DO浓度达到2.3 mg/L,饱和度为28.5%,达到低氧标准。秋季(9月),该低氧中心位置的水体混合均匀,底层DO浓度上升到与表层一致,低氧现象消失。
对于DO和温度的垂向分布的对比分析发现,当水体出现温度分层时,水体中DO也出现分层,底层DO浓度开始下降,当水体中温度分层消失后,底层DO浓度升高。因此,温跃层的出现阻碍了表、底层DO的交换,是DO浓度降低的基础条件。同时,DO浓度降低与温度分层一样均存在于夏季,因此秦皇岛外海的低氧现象属于季节性低氧。
根据Chl a的垂向分布可知,秦皇岛外海在6−8月出现浮游植物大量生长的情况,而浮游植物死亡沉降后有氧分解会消耗底层水体中大量的DO[16],在DO被消耗的同时会释放出大量的CO2,导致水体pH降低,即海洋酸化。根据pH的垂向分布可知,6月跃层以下水体pH开始下降,8月达到最低值,约为7.8,呈现明显的酸化(图6)。
为了过滤物理因素并突出生化因素对DO的影响,本文进一步分析了表观耗氧量(AOU)的变化。AOU一般被认为与海气交换、浮游植物光合作用以及有机质有氧分解相关[36],表层AOU计算结果一般为负值,值的大小一定程度上可以反映浮游植物光合作用产氧对DO的影响,底层AOU的变化则可反映有机物的分解耗氧情况[37]。当AOU<0时,表示海水中的DO处于过饱和状态,反之表示DO处于氧亏损状态。
AOU的垂向分布与DO的垂向分布刚好相反,同时与Chl a的垂向分布相似(图7)。春季(5月)AOU均小于0,说明整个水体DO基本上处于过饱和状态。夏季(6−8月)表层AOU均为负值,说明夏季表层DO均处于饱和状态,而底层AOU为正值,且AOU从6月的1 mg/L增加至8月的3 mg/L,说明从6月开始底层DO便处于不饱和状态,到8月,底层DO不饱和程度最为严重。
根据AOU以及Chl a的垂向分布可知,跃层以上水体中DO浓度不仅受到温度影响,还受到浮游植物光合作用的影响。2017年6−8月跃层以上总DO浓度和Chl a浓度呈正相关,相关系数为0.53(p<0.01)。对6−7月以及7−8月分别进行DO浓度和Chl a浓度变化量(ΔDO,ΔChl a分析,文中变化量均为后1月数据减前1月数据所得)的相关性分析,发现ΔDO和ΔChl a呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.93,0.83(p<0.01)。6−7月ΔDO和ΔChl a的相关性高于7−8月ΔDO和ΔChl a的相关性,这可能是由于6−7月浮游植物光合作用产氧更多,导致了6−7月海气交换对表层DO的影响较7−8月的影响相对减小(图8a图8c)。二者的高相关系数表明跃层以上浮游植物光合作用产氧补充了表层水体中的DO。
此外,夏季表层高Chl a浓度区域往往对应于高DOC区域,夏季表层水体DOC最高值可达300 μmol/L以上(宋贵生,未发表数据),证明由浮游植物产生的溶解有机质是海洋中溶解有机质的重要来源[38]。底层低氧区域水体中DOC浓度大约为150~200 μmol/L之间(宋贵生,未发表数据),对于底层DOC与DO的相关性分析显示,二者呈负相关关系,相关系数为−0.63(p<0.01),说明颗粒物在降解耗氧过程中,部分颗粒物发生不完全降解,转化为溶解有机物。同时,Song等[34]的研究结果还表明,DO消耗速率与DIC生产速率的比值为1.42,与Redfield比值相近,进一步说明上层水体光合作用新生产颗粒有机物降解耗氧是引起底层水体低氧、酸化的主要因素。综合分析表明,浮游植物死亡将产生大量的有机物,沉降至底层水体后,有氧分解增加了底层水体的耗氧。
表层、跃层以及底层的DO浓度和pH的相关性分析显示(图8d图8f),6−8月整个水体DO浓度和pH都呈显著正相关,尤其是底层相关系数达到0.92(p<0.01)。同时,6−7月和7−8月不同深度水体DO浓度和pH的变化量也呈现良好的相关性,尤其是在密度跃层的DO浓度和pH相关系数均达到0.8以上,底层DO浓度和pH相关系数分别为0.57和0.77(p<0.01)。因此,夏季秦皇岛外海pH与DO浓度具有相同的变化趋势。根据pH与AOU、Chl a垂向分布的对比可知,pH低值区和氧亏损严重的区域位置一致,同时pH低值区对应的表层水体中存在较高的Chl a浓度。研究发现,与新鲜有机质降解相关的底层水体呼吸作用(>60%)是造成低氧和酸化的主要因素[34]。底层水体中pH与DIC、DOC的相关性分析表明,pH与DIC、DOC均呈负相关关系,相关系数分别为−0.76和−0.67(p<0.01)。综上所述,底层水体有机物氧化分解导致水体酸化气体增多,从而使得底层水体发生酸化表层、跃层以及底层的DO和pH的相关性分析显示(图8d图8f),6−8月整个水体DO和pH都呈显著正相关,尤其是底层相关系数达到0.92(p<0.01)。同时,6−7月和7−8月不同深度水体DO和pH的变化量也呈现良好的相关性,尤其是在密度跃层的DO和pH相关系数均达到0.8以上,底层DO和pH相关系数分别为0.57和0.77(p<0.01)。因此,夏季秦皇岛外海pH与DO具有相同的变化趋势。根据pH与AOU、Chl a垂向分布的对比可知,pH低值区和氧亏损严重的区域位置一致,同时pH低值区对应的表层水体中存在较高的Chl a浓度。研究发现,与新鲜有机质降解相关的底层水体呼吸作用(>60%)是造成低氧和酸化的主要因素[34]。底层水体中pH与DIC、DOC的相关性分析表明,pH与DIC、DOC均呈负相关关系,相关系数分别为−0.76和−0.67(p<0.01)。综上所述,底层水体有机物氧化分解导致水体酸化气体增多,从而使得底层水体发生酸化。
根据上述可知,浮游植物死亡产生大量的有机物,沉降至底层水体后,导致有机物氧化分解耗氧的增加,因此计算跃层以下水体及底泥中DO的消耗速率对于分析低氧发生有很重要的作用。由于DO、Chl a以及pH的空间分布一致且具有显著相关性,表明DO和Chl a以及pH具有良好的耦合性,即2017年秦皇岛外海低氧的发生过程主要为局地变化。同时秦皇岛外海低氧发生的水体位于洼地部分,并且研究站位位于低氧中心,周围水体中氧分布均匀,所以本文忽略水平扩散以及对流对于DO变化的影响,因此水体中DO的变化可以用式(2)描述,
$\frac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial t}}=\frac{\partial }{{\partial z}}\left({K_{\rm{V}}}\frac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial z}}\right) + Q,$
式中,$\dfrac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial t}}$是水体中DO的时间变化项,$\dfrac{\partial }{{\partial z}}\left({K_{\rm{V}}}\dfrac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial z}}\right)$是DO的垂向湍扩散项,KV是垂向湍扩散系数,Q是水体和底泥中生物化学等因素导致的DO消耗项。
我们选择低氧中心站位A5站,对式(2)自海底($z= - h$)到跃层下界($z= - {z_b}$)的水体进行垂直积分,得到式(3)所示箱式模型,从而可以利用6月、7月和8月DO剖面观测数据计算A5站的耗氧速率。
$\int_{ - h}^{ - {z_b}} {\frac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial t}}} {\rm{d}}z={\left({K_{\rm{V}}}\frac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial z}}\right)_{ - {z_b}}} + \int_{ - h}^{ - {z_b}} Q {\rm{d}}z.$
分别利用6月、7月和8月海底($z= - h$)至跃层下界($z= - {z_b}$)的水体中的DO时间变化项$\dfrac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial t}}$的积分差,得到A5站位6−7月、7−8月和6−8月跃层下水体氧亏损量。式(2)中${\left({K_{\rm{V}}}\dfrac{{\partial {\rm{DO}}}}{{\partial z}}\right)_{ - {z_b}}}$为DO通过跃层下界的垂向通量。计算通量时需要知道垂向湍扩散系数。由于2017年没有相应观测数据,本文借鉴课题组于2018年B4站位观测所得的扩散系数来计算。B4站和A5站位置相近(图1),并且两个站位的深度与跃层强度相近,其垂向扩散系数在相同条件下相近。B4站位扩散系数KV是于2018年8月上旬使用垂向微尺度剖面仪VMP-200(Rockland Scientific International)对B4站进行48 h连续观测得到,跃层界面扩散系数的最小值、最大值和平均值分别为10−8 m2/s、10−5 m2/s和10−6 m2/s。计算得到氧亏损量和跨跃层DO扩散通量后,即可求得跃层以下水体和底泥中生物化学等因素导致的DO消耗速率$\displaystyle\int_{ - h}^{ - {z_b}} Q {\rm{d}}z$
通过计算可得,6−7月、7−8月和6−8月DO垂向通量平均值分别为20 mg/(m2·d)、27 mg/(m2·d)和24 mg/(m2·d),而跃层以下水体中6−7月、7−8月和6−8月DO的变化量分别为−1021 mg/(m2·d)、−879 mg/(m2·d)和−951 mg/(m2·d)。两者相比可知,DO垂向通量远小于跃层以下水体中DO的变化量,从而证明跃层的存在确实阻碍了表层水体向底层补充DO。最终计算所得到的6−7月、7−8月和6−8月跃层以下水体和底泥中由于生化因素导致的DO消耗平均速率分别为1041 mg/(m2·d)、906 mg/(m2·d)和975 mg/(m2·d)。
与其他低氧区域相比,秦皇岛外海的硝酸盐浓度要低于长江口、俄勒冈州大陆架以及墨西哥湾北部,硅酸盐浓度低于长江口和俄勒冈州大陆架,铵盐和磷酸盐浓度则与这些区域相近,秦皇岛外海Chl a含量浓度最高值低于其他低氧区域(表2)。秦皇岛外海水体和底泥中耗氧速率总体低于其他低氧严重的近岸海域的跃层以下水柱呼吸耗氧速率,但要高于沉积物耗氧速率,比如墨西哥北部湾2003−2007年夏季跃层以下呼吸耗氧速率为1484~3344 mg/(m2·d),沉积物耗氧速率为352~832 mg/(m2·d)[41],2006年夏季长江口的沉积物中DO的耗氧速率为432~768 mg/(m2·d)[17],2009年夏季俄勒冈州大陆架沉积物的耗氧速率为102.4~313.6 mg/(m2·d)[20]。秦皇岛外海跃层以下水柱及底泥中快速耗氧,可能引起渤海自21世纪以来,由于富营养化等造成浮游生物量增加[42],特别是2009年以来该海域连年暴发褐潮(抑食金球藻)水华[43],大量浮游植物产生的有机碎屑使得水体耗氧增大。总体来看,秦皇岛外海水体和底泥中的耗氧速率要低于其他低氧区域的耗氧速率,这也是秦皇岛外海DO浓度的降低程度低于长江口等区域的原因。
基于对2017年5−9月秦皇岛外海温度、盐度、Chl a、DO浓度以及pH的相关观测,通过分析DO和pH及相关水文要素的垂向分布特征,探讨了秦皇岛外海DO浓度和pH降低的机制,并估算了跃层以下水体和底泥中DO的消耗速率,所获认识如下:
秦皇岛外海5月开始出现弱层结,此时表、底层DO浓度和pH尚无明显差别;6月密度跃层完全形成后,底层水体DO浓度和pH开始降低,至8月降至最低值;9月水体趋于混合,低氧和酸化现象也随之消失。由此可知,水体分层阻碍了上层水体对下层水体DO的补充,是低氧出现的先决条件。通过对水体中DIC和DOC的分析得知,浮游植物大量繁殖后,死亡沉降至水体底层,有氧分解会消耗底层水体中大量的DO,同时产生CO2,导致水体酸化的发生。综合分析表明,秦皇岛外海低氧为季节性现象,且低氧的出现往往伴随着酸化的发生。
通过箱式模型估算得到6−7月、7−8月和6−8月跃层以下水体和底泥中由于生化因素导致的DO消耗平均速率分别为1041 mg/(m2·d)、906 mg/(m2·d)和975 mg/(m2·d)。秦皇岛外海的低氧程度虽然没有达到世界上其他著名低氧严重海洋区域的程度,但是如果秦皇岛外海富营养化情况持续加剧,夏季底层水体低氧和酸化的程度可能会继续加重。今后尚需对秦皇岛外海的低氧继续进行观测,并采用物理−生物耦合模型对造成低氧的相关因素进行量化评估。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1401602);国家自然科学基金(41876018,41606098);天津市自然科学基金(19JCZDJC40600)。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
石强. 北黄海夏季溶解氧与表观耗氧量年际变化时空模态[J]. 应用海洋学报, 2018, 37(1): 9−25.
Shi Qiang. Spatio-temporal modes on inter-annual variation of dissolved oxygen and apparent oxygen utilization in summer of the North Yellow Sea[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2018, 37(1): 9−25.
2
Diaz R J, Rosenberg R. Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems[J]. Science, 2008, 321(5891): 926−929.
3
Ekau W, Auel H, Pörtner H O, et al. Impacts of hypoxia on the structure and processes in pelagic communities (zooplankton, macro-invertebrates and fish)[J]. Biogeosciences, 2010, 7(5): 1669−1699.
4
Levin L A, Ekau W, Gooday A J, et al. Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos[J]. Biogeosciences, 2009, 6(10): 2063−2098.
5
Naqvi S W A, Bange H W, Farías L, et al. Marine hypoxia/anoxia as a source of CH4 and N2O[J]. Biogeosciences, 2010, 7(7): 2159−2190.
6
Breitburg D, Levin L A, Oschlies A, et al. Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters[J]. Science, 2018, 359(6371): 7240.
7
Murphy R R, Kemp W M, Ball W P. Long-term trends in Chesapeake Bay seasonal hypoxia, stratification, and nutrient loading[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2011, 34(6): 1293−1309.
8
Turner R E, Rabalais N N, Justić D. Predicting summer hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Redux[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2012, 64(2): 319−324.
9
Carstensen J, Conley D J, Bonsdorff E, et al. Hypoxia in the Baltic Sea: biogeochemical cycles, benthic fauna, and management[J]. AMBIO, 2014, 43(1): 26−36.
10
Wang Baodong. Hydromorphological mechanisms leading to hypoxia off the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2009, 67(1): 53−58.
11
Hagy J D, Boynton W R, Keefe C W, et al. Hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay, 1950−2001: long-term change in relation to nutrient loading and river flow[J]. Estuaries, 2004, 27(4): 634−658.
12
Conley D J, Humborg C, Rahm L, et al. Hypoxia in the Baltic Sea and basin-scale changes in phosphorus biogeochemistry[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(24): 5315−5320.
13
Neretin L N, Volkov I I, Böttcher M E, et al. A sulfur budget for the Black Sea anoxic zone[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2001, 48(12): 2569−2593.
14
韦钦胜, 王保栋, 于志刚, 等. 夏季长江口外缺氧频发的机制及酸化问题初探[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2017, 60(2): 360−381.
Wei Qinsheng, Wang Baodong, Yu Zhigang, et al. Mechanisms leading to the frequent occurrences of hypoxia and a preliminary analysis of the associated acidification off the Changjiang Estuary in summer[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2017, 60(2): 360−381.
15
Yu Liuqian, Fennel K, Laurent A. A modeling study of physical controls on hypoxia generation in the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2015, 120(7): 5019−5039.
16
Zhou Feng, Chai Fei, Huang Daji, et al. Investigation of hypoxia off the Changjiang Estuary using a coupled model of ROMS-CoSiNE[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2017, 159: 237−254.
17
Zhang Haiyan, Zhao Liang, Sun Yao, et al. Contribution of sediment oxygen demand to hypoxia development off the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2017, 192: 149−157.
18
Lehrter J C, Beddick D L Jr, Devereux R, et al. Sediment-water fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon, O2, nutrients, and N2 from the hypoxic region of the Louisiana continental shelf[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2012, 109(1): 233−252.
19
McCarthy M J, Carini S A, Liu Zhanfei, et al. Oxygen consumption in the water column and sediments of the northern Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2013, 123: 46−53.
20
Reimers C E, Özkan-Haller H T, Berg P, et al. Benthic oxygen consumption rates during hypoxic conditions on the Oregon continental shelf: Evaluation of the eddy correlation method[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2012, 117(C2): C02021.
21
Li Chenglong, Zhai Weidong. Decomposing monthly declines in subsurface-water pH and aragonite saturation state from spring to autumn in the North Yellow Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2019, 185: 37−50.
22
刘喜惠, 刘方, 丁页, 等. 渤海环流对近岸海域无机氮分布特征的影响[J]. 中国环境监测, 2019(6): 78−84.
Liu Xihui, Liu Fang, Ding Ye, et al. Influence of circulation on the distribution characteristics of inorganic nitrogen in the Bohai Coastal Sea[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2019(6): 78−84.
23
Zhou Feng, Huang Daji, Xue Huijie, et al. Circulations associated with cold pools in the Bohai Sea on the Chinese continental shelf[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2017, 137: 25−38.
24
Li Yanfang, Wolanski E, Zhang Hua. What processes control the net currents through shallow straits? A review with application to the Bohai Strait, China[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2015, 158: 1−11.
25
Lin Xiapei, Xie Shangping, Chen Xinping, et al. A well-mixed warm water column in the central Bohai Sea in summer: Effects of tidal and surface wave mixing[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2006, 111(C11): C11017.
26
周锋, 黄大吉, 苏纪兰. 夏季渤海温跃层下的双中心冷水结构的数值模拟[J]. 科学通报, 2009, 54(11): 1591−1599.
Zhou Feng, Huang Daji, Su Jilan. Numerical simulation of the dual-core structure of the Bohai Sea bottom water in summer[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2009, 54(11): 1591−1599.
27
Wei Qinsheng, Wang Baodong, Yao Qingzhen, et al. Spatiotemporal variations in the summer hypoxia in the Bohai Sea (China) and controlling mechanisms[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2019, 138: 125−134.
28
石强. 渤海夏季溶解氧与表观耗氧量年际变化时空模态[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2016, 35(2): 243−255.
Shi Qiang. Spatio-temporal mode for inter-annual change of dissolved oxygen and apparent oxygen utilization in summer Bohai Sea[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2016, 35(2): 243−255.
29
翟惟东, 赵化德, 郑楠, 等. 2011年夏季渤海西北部、北部近岸海域的底层耗氧与酸化[J]. 科学通报, 2012, 57(9): 753−758.
Zhai Weidong, Zhao Huade, Zheng Nan, et al. Coastal acidification in summer bottom oxygen-depleted waters in northwestern-northern Bohai Sea from June to August in 2011[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2012, 57(9): 753−758.
30
张华, 李艳芳, 唐诚, 等. 渤海底层低氧区的空间特征与形成机制[J]. 科学通报, 2016, 61(14): 1612−1620.
Zhang Hua, Li Yanfang, Tang Cheng, et al. Spatial characteristics and formation mechanisms of bottom hypoxia zone in the Bohai Sea during summer[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2016, 61(14): 1612−1620.
31
Zhao Huade, Kao S J, Zhai Weidong, et al. Effects of stratification, organic matter remineralization and bathymetry on summertime oxygen distribution in the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2017, 134: 15−25.
32
Zhai Weidong, Zhao Huade, Su Jilan, et al. Emergence of summertime hypoxia and concurrent carbonate mineral suppression in the central Bohai Sea, China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 2019, 124(9): 2768−2785.
33
赵骞, 陈玥, 陈元, 等. 秦皇岛海域海流特征及规模化养殖对其影响的观测研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2019(6): 23−36.
Zhao Qian, Chen Yue, Chen Yuan, et al. Current characteristics and its response to large-scale mariculture in Qinhuangdao coastal area based on in-situ observation[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2019(6): 23−36.
34
Song Guisheng, Zhao Liang, Chai Fei, et al. Summertime oxygen depletion and acidification in Bohai Sea, China[J]. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2020, 7: 252.
35
Gill A E. Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics[M]. London: Academic Press, 1982.
36
石晓勇, 陆茸, 张传松, 等. 长江口邻近海域溶解氧分布特征及主要影响因素[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 2006, 36(2): 287−290, 294.
Shi Xiaoyong, Lu Rong, Zhang Chuansong, et al. Distribution and main influence factors process of dissolved oxygen in the adjacent area of the Changjiang Estuary in autumn[J]. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2006, 36(2): 287−290, 294.
37
张莹莹, 张经, 吴莹, 等. 长江口溶解氧的分布特征及影响因素研究[J]. 环境科学, 2007, 28(8): 1649−1654.
Zhang Yingying, Zhang Jing, Wu Ying, et al. Characteristics of dissolved oxygen and its affecting factors in the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Environmental Science, 2007, 28(8): 1649−1654.
38
高小丰, 吴莹, 朱卓毅. 长江口外浮游植物死亡释放溶解有机质的降解及其溶氧消耗[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2015, 46(5): 1010−1017.
Gao Xiaofeng, Wu Ying, Zhu Zhuoyi. Degradation of dissolved organic matter from dead phytoplankton off the Changjiang River Estuary and the resulting dissolved oxygen consumption[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2015, 46(5): 1010−1017.
39
王奎, 陈建芳, 金海燕, 等. 长江口及邻近海域营养盐四季分布特征[J]. 海洋学研究, 2011, 29(3): 18−35.
Wang Kui, Chen Jianfang, Jin Haiyan, et al. The four seasons nutrients distribution in Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2011, 29(3): 18−35.
40
Zhu Zhuoyi, Hu Jun, Song Guodong, et al. Phytoplankton-driven dark plankton respiration in the hypoxic zone off the Changjiang Estuary, revealed by in vitro incubations[J]. Journal of Marine Systems, 2016, 154: 50−56.
41
Murrell C M, Lehrter C J. Sediment and lower water column oxygen consumption in the seasonally hypoxic region of the Louisiana continental shelf[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2011, 34(5): 912−924.
42
Fu Yanzhao, Xu Shiguo, Liu Jianwei. Temporal-spatial variations and developing trends of Chlorophyll-a in the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2016, 173: 49−56.
43
Xu Xin, Yu Zhiming, He Liyan, et al. Nano- and microphytoplankton community characteristics in brown tide bloom-prone waters of the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2017, 60(6): 1189−1200.
2020年第42卷第10期
PDF下载
100
49
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014
  • 接收时间:2019-11-29
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2020-10-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-29
  • 修回日期:2020-05-02
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1401602);国家自然科学基金(41876018,41606098);天津市自然科学基金(19JCZDJC40600)。
作者信息
    1 天津科技大学 海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
    2 天津大学 海洋科学与技术学院,天津 300072

通讯作者:

*赵亮,男,教授,主要从事海洋生态动力学方向。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.014
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏