Article(id=1233737685391700794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1233737680710849370, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2021046, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1591286400000, receivedDateStr=2020-06-05, revisedDate=1606665600000, revisedDateStr=2020-11-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772075585934, onlineDateStr=2026-02-26, pubDate=1619280000000, pubDateStr=2021-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772075585934, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772075585934, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772075585934, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1233737680710849370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2021', volume='43', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='140', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772075584819, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772075584819, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=106, endPage=121, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1233737685689496391, articleId=1233737685391700794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Characteristics of phosphorus speciation and distribution in suspended particulate matter in the Zhejiang coastal area, columnId=1194652708754920165, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Research Note, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Speciation and distribution of phosphorus have a direct effect on the primary production and marine biogeochemistry. However, the complex current dynamics in aquatic critical zones such as large river delta and coastal area result in variable characteristics of the phosphorus speciation and distribution that need in depth study. The content, distribution and influence factors of total particulate phosphorus (TPP), particulate inorganic phosphorus (PIP) and particulate organic phosphorus (POP) in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Zhejiang coastal area off Changjiang Estuary were discussed based on the investigation from April to May (spring), July (summer) and September to October (autumn) in 2016. The results showed that the content ranged from 0.13 μmol/L to 66.13 μmol/L, with an average of 3.35 μmol/L for TPP, from 0.03 μmol/L to 34.19 μmol/L with an average of 1.97 μmol/L for PIP, and ranged from 0.06 μmol/L to 31.94 μmol/L with an average of 1.39 μmol/L for POP. PIP was the dominant (52.3%) form of particulate phosphorus in the Zhejiang coastal areas. The percentage of TPP in total phosphorus ranged from 19.3% to 97.7% in spring for surface samples. The spatial distribution patterns of TPP, PIP and POP contents were similar in spring and autumn, decreasing from the inner bay to offshore areas. The content of TPP was higher in areas where the SPM was higher while PIP and POP showed a positive correlation with SPM, indicating an influence from terrestrial input. The regression coefficient and slope between POP and chlorophyll a were significantly higher than that of PIP in the area with salinity above 28 and SPM below 20 mg/L in spring, indicating contributions from phytoplankton to POP accumulation.

, correspAuthors=Xiaoyong Shi, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2021 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xupeng Hu, Xinxin Li, Chengda Xu, Jingliang Tang, Junbo Shao, Xiaoyong Shi), CN=ArticleExt(id=1233737689988658165, articleId=1233737685391700794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=浙江近岸海域悬浮颗粒物中磷的赋存形态及分布特征研究, columnId=1194652708993995497, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=研究报道, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

磷元素是海洋基础营养盐之一,其赋存形态及分布直接影响海区的初级生产力,是海洋生物地球化学循环的重要驱动力。但大河河口与近海等重要的水生关键带水动力循环过程复杂,导致悬浮颗粒物(SPM )中磷元素的赋存形态和分布特征变化多端,亟须深入研究。根据2016年春季(4−5月)、夏季(7月)和秋季(9−10月)对浙江近岸海域的调查结果,本研究分析了浙江近岸海域SPM中总磷(TPP)、无机磷(PIP)和有机磷(POP)的含量水平、空间分布特征和影响因素。结果表明,浙江近岸海域SPM中TPP含量范围为0.13~66.13 μmol/L,均值为3.35 μmol/L;PIP含量范围为0.03~34.19 μmol/L,均值为1.97 μmol/L;POP含量范围为0.06~31.94 μmol/L,均值为1.39 μmol/L。PIP是浙江近岸海域水体中TPP的主要存在形式,占52.3%。春季浙江近岸海域表层TPP含量占总磷(TP)含量的19.3%~97.7%。春、秋季的SPM中,TPP、PIP和POP含量空间分布相似,均呈现由内湾向外海逐渐降低的变化趋势。PIP、POP与SPM呈显著的正相关性,表现出高SPM含量的海区有着较高的颗粒态磷含量,说明其受陆源输入的影响。春季盐度大于28且SPM含量小于20 mg/L的外侧远海海域,POP与Chl a的相关系数和斜率均明显高于PIP与Chl a的相关系数和斜率,说明该区域浮游植物是POP的主要贡献来源。

, correspAuthors=石晓勇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
石晓勇(1968—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为海洋污染生态化学。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2021, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=6eZwIww8RjriEDrlde+Heg==, magXml=Ii5lSD+Bf8WAvk6+X5miOQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Q73EF8UOmS8KukrtRblD9g==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=3/17t0XoniQChCMX6mLshA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

胡序朋(1982—),男,山东省肥城市人,博士研究生,主要从事海洋环境监测与评价研究。E-mail:

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胡序朋(1982—),男,山东省肥城市人,博士研究生,主要从事海洋环境监测与评价研究。E-mail:

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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图1, caption=浙江近岸海域采样站位分布, figureFileSmall=qCEzbS1o7cG+4QeMTB8QZQ==, figureFileBig=i8LqR+YLKzLn7+Hrx3MlGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805853803999595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Spatial distribution of salinity in the Zhejiang coastal area, figureFileSmall=3L28rBt/RXOzygbEDZpxtw==, figureFileBig=GpqhpI1HL5rHPbPhiqXMog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805853954994545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图2, caption=浙江近岸海域盐度空间分布, figureFileSmall=3L28rBt/RXOzygbEDZpxtw==, figureFileBig=GpqhpI1HL5rHPbPhiqXMog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854051463547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Spatial distribution of SPM in the Zhejiang coastal area, figureFileSmall=W5HTbvl8YITWlah/nFRrrQ==, figureFileBig=lZfgwoqzMylDZLhu27AQpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854206652802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图3, caption=浙江近岸海域SPM空间分布, figureFileSmall=W5HTbvl8YITWlah/nFRrrQ==, figureFileBig=lZfgwoqzMylDZLhu27AQpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854298927495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Spatial distribution of TPP, PIP and POP in spring in the Zhejiang coastal area, figureFileSmall=tzb+A7LzafQ/fEjSI1TOWg==, figureFileBig=/RtCBA2Knt/0D4oARzyyag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854370230672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图4, caption=浙江近岸海域春季SPM中TPP、PIP和POP空间分布, figureFileSmall=tzb+A7LzafQ/fEjSI1TOWg==, figureFileBig=/RtCBA2Knt/0D4oARzyyag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854454116759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Spatial distribution of TPP, PIP and POP in summer in the Zhejiang coastal area, figureFileSmall=4w4GzwBJs0nPkL4KGaAzhA==, figureFileBig=5tVvoHs1sgKKNnCFH40KUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854538002841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图5, caption=浙江近岸海域夏季SPM中TPP、PIP和POP空间分布, figureFileSmall=4w4GzwBJs0nPkL4KGaAzhA==, figureFileBig=5tVvoHs1sgKKNnCFH40KUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854659637663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Spatial distribution of TPP, PIP and POP in autumn in the Zhejiang coastal area, figureFileSmall=jCHu+jlMjUhKaD/tmS613A==, figureFileBig=89nh5fqpW/iVVUtMxpHIsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854793855401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图6, caption=浙江近岸海域秋季SPM中TPP、PIP和POP空间分布, figureFileSmall=jCHu+jlMjUhKaD/tmS613A==, figureFileBig=89nh5fqpW/iVVUtMxpHIsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854902907310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Spatial distribution of DIP in the Zhejiang coastal area, figureFileSmall=zvOIzl7c9INyme7OnmSwTw==, figureFileBig=nEfXWivo6qXu/zqfgSYs5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805854995182003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图7, caption=浙江近岸海域DIP空间分布, figureFileSmall=zvOIzl7c9INyme7OnmSwTw==, figureFileBig=nEfXWivo6qXu/zqfgSYs5A==, tableContent=null), 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figureFileBig=OhQVz8RzHcRSo0QTOpcsug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805856228307422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=图12, caption=浙江近岸表层(a)、底层(b)海域磷的赋存形态与环境因子的PCA分析图, figureFileSmall=6Nz2zFsywEVLtRdZZ4x5sA==, figureFileBig=OhQVz8RzHcRSo0QTOpcsug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233805856341553631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Content and proportion of PIP and POP in TPP in the Zhejiang coastal area

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
季节层次PIP含量/(μmol·L−1)PIP/TPP(%)POP含量/(μmol·L−1)POP/TPP(%)TPP含量/(μmol·L−1)
测量范围均值范围均值测量范围均值范围均值测量范围均值
春季表层0.03~12.212.1929.1~64.253.50.06~12.401.5835.8~70.946.50.13~24.613.77
10 m层0.07~7.320.8734.1~63.248.80.06~4.290.5836.8~65.951.20.13~11.611.45
底层0.10~34.195.1346.1~68.758.10.06~31.943.5531.3~53.941.90.16~66.138.68
全部0.03~34.193.2229.1~68.754.70.06~31.942.2631.3~70.945.30.13~66.135.45
夏季表层0.07~5.230.5819.0~66.648.70.10~3.940.4833.4~81.051.30.16~9.161.06
10 m层0.03~1.290.2630.4~60.345.00.06~0.840.2340.0~69.655.00.13~2.160.48
底层0.07~8.521.3243.0~72.656.20.10~5.350.8427.4~57.043.80.16~13.872.16
全部0.03~8.520.8419.0~72.651.10.06~5.350.5827.4~81.048.90.13~13.871.42
秋季表层0.03~11.611.4230.8~69.050.50.10~7.521.0031.0~69.249.50.13~19.132.42
10 m层0.07~1.000.2331.3~63.243.30.06~0.680.2336.8~68.756.70.13~1.610.45
底层0.07~18.262.8426.5~64.754.10.10~17.062.1035.3~73.545.90.19~35.484.90
全部0.03~18.261.8126.5~69.050.90.06~17.061.3231.0~73.549.10.13~35.483.13
总计表层0.03~12.211.3919.0~69.050.80.06~12.401.0031.0~81.049.20.13~24.612.39
10 m层0.03~7.320.4530.4~63.245.80.06~4.290.3536.8~69.654.20.13~11.610.81
底层0.07~34.193.1626.5~72.656.20.06~31.942.1927.4~73.543.80.16~66.135.35
全部0.03~34.191.9719.0~72.652.30.06~31.941.3927.4~81.047.70.13~66.133.35
), ArticleFig(id=1233805856463188452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

浙江近岸海域TPP中不同形态磷的体积含量水平和相对含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
季节层次PIP含量/(μmol·L−1)PIP/TPP(%)POP含量/(μmol·L−1)POP/TPP(%)TPP含量/(μmol·L−1)
测量范围均值范围均值测量范围均值范围均值测量范围均值
春季表层0.03~12.212.1929.1~64.253.50.06~12.401.5835.8~70.946.50.13~24.613.77
10 m层0.07~7.320.8734.1~63.248.80.06~4.290.5836.8~65.951.20.13~11.611.45
底层0.10~34.195.1346.1~68.758.10.06~31.943.5531.3~53.941.90.16~66.138.68
全部0.03~34.193.2229.1~68.754.70.06~31.942.2631.3~70.945.30.13~66.135.45
夏季表层0.07~5.230.5819.0~66.648.70.10~3.940.4833.4~81.051.30.16~9.161.06
10 m层0.03~1.290.2630.4~60.345.00.06~0.840.2340.0~69.655.00.13~2.160.48
底层0.07~8.521.3243.0~72.656.20.10~5.350.8427.4~57.043.80.16~13.872.16
全部0.03~8.520.8419.0~72.651.10.06~5.350.5827.4~81.048.90.13~13.871.42
秋季表层0.03~11.611.4230.8~69.050.50.10~7.521.0031.0~69.249.50.13~19.132.42
10 m层0.07~1.000.2331.3~63.243.30.06~0.680.2336.8~68.756.70.13~1.610.45
底层0.07~18.262.8426.5~64.754.10.10~17.062.1035.3~73.545.90.19~35.484.90
全部0.03~18.261.8126.5~69.050.90.06~17.061.3231.0~73.549.10.13~35.483.13
总计表层0.03~12.211.3919.0~69.050.80.06~12.401.0031.0~81.049.20.13~24.612.39
10 m层0.03~7.320.4530.4~63.245.80.06~4.290.3536.8~69.654.20.13~11.610.81
底层0.07~34.193.1626.5~72.656.20.06~31.942.1927.4~73.543.80.16~66.135.35
全部0.03~34.191.9719.0~72.652.30.06~31.941.3927.4~81.047.70.13~66.133.35
), ArticleFig(id=1233805856580628967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of PIP, POP and TPP contents in the Zhejiang coastal area and other waters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
区域时间PIP含量/(μmol·L−1)POP含量/(μmol·L−1)TPP含量/(μmol·L−1)参考文献
淡水河0.28~9.47[25]
比斯开湾0.02~0.08[26]
东京湾1.03~2.18[27]
九龙河口0.35~1.45[28]
北太平洋春季0.17[29]
夏季0.16[29]
秋季0.20[29]
冬季0.16[29]
南太平洋1995−1996年0.010.030.01~0.03[30]
万泉河口2006年12月0.22~0.57(0.42)0.23~0.53(0.33)[31]
2007年8月0.07~0.78(0.47)0.14~0.50(0.29)[31]
2008年8月0.06~1.00(0.42)0.10~1.22(0.47)[31]
2009年4月0.06~1.74(0.82)0.10~1.83(0.73)[31]
2009年8月0.06~1.27(0.40)0.06~0.87(0.38)[31]
胶州湾0.01~1.49(0.33)0.01~1.83(0.32)0.07~2.09(0.65)[32]
长江口跨锋面区2006年7−8月0.01~27.160.04~12.380.06~39.54[12]
2006年12月−2007年2月0.03~10.310.03~3.690.08~11.55[12]
2007年4−5月0.02~5.580.03~3.230.05~8.69[12]
2007年10−12月0.02~17.770.05~3.690.08~26.31[12]
浙江近岸海域2016年4−5月0.03~36.13(3.48)0.06~31.94(2.45)0.13~66.13(5.90)本研究
2016年7月0.03~8.52(0.84)0.065~5.35(0.58)0.13~13.87(1.42)本研究
2016年9−10月0.03~18.26(1.81)0.06~17.06(1.32)0.13~35.48(3.13)本研究
), ArticleFig(id=1233805856685486570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

浙江近岸海域PIP、POP 和TPP含量与其他海域的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
区域时间PIP含量/(μmol·L−1)POP含量/(μmol·L−1)TPP含量/(μmol·L−1)参考文献
淡水河0.28~9.47[25]
比斯开湾0.02~0.08[26]
东京湾1.03~2.18[27]
九龙河口0.35~1.45[28]
北太平洋春季0.17[29]
夏季0.16[29]
秋季0.20[29]
冬季0.16[29]
南太平洋1995−1996年0.010.030.01~0.03[30]
万泉河口2006年12月0.22~0.57(0.42)0.23~0.53(0.33)[31]
2007年8月0.07~0.78(0.47)0.14~0.50(0.29)[31]
2008年8月0.06~1.00(0.42)0.10~1.22(0.47)[31]
2009年4月0.06~1.74(0.82)0.10~1.83(0.73)[31]
2009年8月0.06~1.27(0.40)0.06~0.87(0.38)[31]
胶州湾0.01~1.49(0.33)0.01~1.83(0.32)0.07~2.09(0.65)[32]
长江口跨锋面区2006年7−8月0.01~27.160.04~12.380.06~39.54[12]
2006年12月−2007年2月0.03~10.310.03~3.690.08~11.55[12]
2007年4−5月0.02~5.580.03~3.230.05~8.69[12]
2007年10−12月0.02~17.770.05~3.690.08~26.31[12]
浙江近岸海域2016年4−5月0.03~36.13(3.48)0.06~31.94(2.45)0.13~66.13(5.90)本研究
2016年7月0.03~8.52(0.84)0.065~5.35(0.58)0.13~13.87(1.42)本研究
2016年9−10月0.03~18.26(1.81)0.06~17.06(1.32)0.13~35.48(3.13)本研究
), ArticleFig(id=1233805856815510000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Correlation coefficients (r) between PIP, POP contents and salinity in the Zhejiang coastal area

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
季节层次r(PIP含量与盐度)r(POP含量与盐度)
春季表层−0.61−0.63
底层−0.83−0.80
夏季表层−0.40−0.44
底层−0.60−0.60
秋季表层−0.59−0.57
底层−0.66−0.67
), ArticleFig(id=1233805856974893557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233737685391700794, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

浙江近岸海域PIP、POP含量与盐度间的相关系数(r

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
季节层次r(PIP含量与盐度)r(POP含量与盐度)
春季表层−0.61−0.63
底层−0.83−0.80
夏季表层−0.40−0.44
底层−0.60−0.60
秋季表层−0.59−0.57
底层−0.66−0.67
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浙江近岸海域悬浮颗粒物中磷的赋存形态及分布特征研究
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胡序朋 1, 2 , 李芯芯 3, 4 , 徐成达 2 , 唐静亮 2 , 邵君波 2 , 石晓勇 1, 5, *
海洋学报 | 研究报道 2021,43(4): 106-121
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海洋学报 | 研究报道 2021, 43(4): 106-121
浙江近岸海域悬浮颗粒物中磷的赋存形态及分布特征研究
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胡序朋1, 2 , 李芯芯3, 4, 徐成达2, 唐静亮2, 邵君波2, 石晓勇1, 5, *
作者信息
  • 1中国海洋大学 化学化工学院,山东 青岛 266100
  • 2浙江省海洋生态环境监测中心,浙江 舟山 316021
  • 3南方科技大学 海洋科学与工程系,广东 深圳 518055
  • 4南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东 广州 511458
  • 5自然资源部海洋减灾中心,北京 100194
  • 胡序朋(1982—),男,山东省肥城市人,博士研究生,主要从事海洋环境监测与评价研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

石晓勇(1968—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为海洋污染生态化学。E-mail:
Characteristics of phosphorus speciation and distribution in suspended particulate matter in the Zhejiang coastal area
Xupeng Hu1, 2 , Xinxin Li3, 4, Chengda Xu2, Jingliang Tang2, Junbo Shao2, Xiaoyong Shi1, 5, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
  • 2Zhejiang Marine Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Zhoushan 316021, China
  • 3Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • 4Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
  • 5National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100194, China
出版时间: 2021-04-25 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021046
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磷元素是海洋基础营养盐之一,其赋存形态及分布直接影响海区的初级生产力,是海洋生物地球化学循环的重要驱动力。但大河河口与近海等重要的水生关键带水动力循环过程复杂,导致悬浮颗粒物(SPM )中磷元素的赋存形态和分布特征变化多端,亟须深入研究。根据2016年春季(4−5月)、夏季(7月)和秋季(9−10月)对浙江近岸海域的调查结果,本研究分析了浙江近岸海域SPM中总磷(TPP)、无机磷(PIP)和有机磷(POP)的含量水平、空间分布特征和影响因素。结果表明,浙江近岸海域SPM中TPP含量范围为0.13~66.13 μmol/L,均值为3.35 μmol/L;PIP含量范围为0.03~34.19 μmol/L,均值为1.97 μmol/L;POP含量范围为0.06~31.94 μmol/L,均值为1.39 μmol/L。PIP是浙江近岸海域水体中TPP的主要存在形式,占52.3%。春季浙江近岸海域表层TPP含量占总磷(TP)含量的19.3%~97.7%。春、秋季的SPM中,TPP、PIP和POP含量空间分布相似,均呈现由内湾向外海逐渐降低的变化趋势。PIP、POP与SPM呈显著的正相关性,表现出高SPM含量的海区有着较高的颗粒态磷含量,说明其受陆源输入的影响。春季盐度大于28且SPM含量小于20 mg/L的外侧远海海域,POP与Chl a的相关系数和斜率均明显高于PIP与Chl a的相关系数和斜率,说明该区域浮游植物是POP的主要贡献来源。

悬浮颗粒物  /  颗粒总磷  /  颗粒无机磷  /  颗粒有机磷  /  浙江近岸海域

Speciation and distribution of phosphorus have a direct effect on the primary production and marine biogeochemistry. However, the complex current dynamics in aquatic critical zones such as large river delta and coastal area result in variable characteristics of the phosphorus speciation and distribution that need in depth study. The content, distribution and influence factors of total particulate phosphorus (TPP), particulate inorganic phosphorus (PIP) and particulate organic phosphorus (POP) in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Zhejiang coastal area off Changjiang Estuary were discussed based on the investigation from April to May (spring), July (summer) and September to October (autumn) in 2016. The results showed that the content ranged from 0.13 μmol/L to 66.13 μmol/L, with an average of 3.35 μmol/L for TPP, from 0.03 μmol/L to 34.19 μmol/L with an average of 1.97 μmol/L for PIP, and ranged from 0.06 μmol/L to 31.94 μmol/L with an average of 1.39 μmol/L for POP. PIP was the dominant (52.3%) form of particulate phosphorus in the Zhejiang coastal areas. The percentage of TPP in total phosphorus ranged from 19.3% to 97.7% in spring for surface samples. The spatial distribution patterns of TPP, PIP and POP contents were similar in spring and autumn, decreasing from the inner bay to offshore areas. The content of TPP was higher in areas where the SPM was higher while PIP and POP showed a positive correlation with SPM, indicating an influence from terrestrial input. The regression coefficient and slope between POP and chlorophyll a were significantly higher than that of PIP in the area with salinity above 28 and SPM below 20 mg/L in spring, indicating contributions from phytoplankton to POP accumulation.

suspended particulate matter  /  total particulate phosphorus  /  particulate inorganic phosphorus  /  particulate organic phosphorus  /  Zhejiang coastal area
胡序朋, 李芯芯, 徐成达, 唐静亮, 邵君波, 石晓勇. 浙江近岸海域悬浮颗粒物中磷的赋存形态及分布特征研究. 海洋学报, 2021 , 43 (4) : 106 -121 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2021046
Xupeng Hu, Xinxin Li, Chengda Xu, Jingliang Tang, Junbo Shao, Xiaoyong Shi. Characteristics of phosphorus speciation and distribution in suspended particulate matter in the Zhejiang coastal area[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2021 , 43 (4) : 106 -121 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2021046
磷是海洋生物赖以生存的基础营养盐之一,其分布及含量直接影响着海区初级生产力及浮游植物的种类、数量和分布,是海洋生物地球化学循环的重要驱动力。河口是联系陆地河流与海洋两大生态系统的过渡地带,河口和近岸海域磷的生物地球化学行为对河流物质向开放海洋的净输出有很大影响,是全球水循环与物质输运研究的重要组成部分[1-3]。但大河河口与近海等重要的水生关键带水动力循环过程过程复杂[4],导致悬浮颗粒物(Suspended Particulate Matter, SPM)中磷元素的赋存形态和分布特征变化多端,亟须深入研究。
海水中磷的赋存形态有颗粒态和溶解态。颗粒态磷主要为含有机磷(Particulate Organic Phosphorus, POP)和无机磷(Particulate Inorganic Phosphorus, PIP)的生物体碎屑、磷酸盐矿物颗粒和吸附磷。溶解态磷主要包括溶解态有机磷(Dissolved Organic Phosphorus, DOP)和溶解态无机磷(Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus, DIP)两种状态。由于溶解态磷营养盐可直接被生物利用,是河口和近岸海区初级生产力的主要贡献者,因此对营养盐的研究多数集中于溶解态营养盐[5-7],但有关颗粒态营养盐的研究则相对较少[8]。在河口及近岸海域,水体中SPM与DIP的相互作用很有可能是影响水体中磷的生物地球化学过程的主要因子之一。
海洋水体颗粒物一般有两大来源:外源输入和海洋自生输入。河流输送是海水中磷的主要来源,成为有机生命存在和发展的基础。由于河流径流量的变化和人类活动的影响,河流中磷的输送通量大大增加[9]。实际上,大量关于磷在海洋水体中的分布以及循环转化表明,河流输入海洋中磷的主要形态是悬浮颗粒态,在某些河流中颗粒态磷占的比例达到90%以上[10]。Conley等[11]发现,在切萨皮克湾,POP占颗粒态总磷(Total Particulate Phosphorus, TPP)含量的43%~61%。刘希真等[12]分析了长江口跨越锋面区域TPP、PIP、POP的季节性空间分布特征,结果表明,POP的积累与陆源输入和浮游植物的繁殖有关;PIP是水体颗粒磷的主要存在形式。水体中的SPM对DIP的吸附解吸有重要影响[11, 13-14]。河流入海过程淡水端的磷酸盐被黏土矿物颗粒表面的铁、铝的氢氧化物吸附而携带入河口[15]。在河口区,黏土矿物颗粒释放的磷是河流输送溶解态磷的2~5倍[16]。Van Bennekom和Salomons[17]发现,在河口海域盐度大于7的水体中,SPM释放的DIP比河流输入部分高两倍。所以DIP与水体中SPM的相互作用对河口及邻近海域产生的生态影响不容忽视。在一些河口和海湾内,颗粒态磷成为磷的主要赋存形态[11],具有潜在生物活性的颗粒态磷被认为是河口及近海区富营养化的潜在污染源[8, 18]。近年来随着工农业的迅速发展,大量的工业废水、生活污水和农业生产中使用的化肥通过排污管道和地表径流进入海洋,引起海水富营养化,进而引发赤潮,导致自生SPM含量增加。以长江口为例,该区域内藻华频发,例如自2000−2005年,赤潮频率由每年平均30次增至80次[19];缺氧效应夏季较为严重,面积可达20 000 km2[20],富营养化问题逐年加重。作为重要的营养盐之一,磷元素循环过程在这些环境事件中的作用不容小觑。考虑到长江口及沿岸地区复杂的水动力循环条件[4],对磷元素的不同赋存形态及影响因素的研究可以加深对此区域及相似水生关键带营养盐与生态环境问题相互作用的认识。
浙江北邻长江口,长江年入海径流量为9 250亿m3[21]。每年入海河流携带大量的TPP汇入浙江近岸海域,导致该海域磷含量持续高位,引发严重的富营养化和赤潮灾害。为研究浙江近岸海域磷的赋存形态及分布特征,本文通过对浙江近岸海域春、夏、秋3个季节的样品进行采集和分析,研究了SPM中TPP、PIP和POP的含量水平、空间分布特征,进而探讨SPM中不同形态磷与环境因子的相互关系。这对开展入海河流整治、改善浙江近岸海域环境质量、保护生态环境具有重要的指导意义。
本研究区域位于浙江近岸、东海西北部的陆架浅海区,调查范围为27.21º~30.91ºN,120.76º~123.16ºE。包括长江口南侧、杭州湾、三门湾、台州湾和乐清湾等,其中杭州湾、三门湾、象山港和乐清湾为半封闭海湾。分别于2016年4−5月、7月和9−10月进行春、夏、秋3期调查。站位布设详见图1
使用表层采水器采集表层海水,使用GO-FLO采水器采集10 m层和底层样品。样品采集严格按照《近岸海域环境监测规范》(HJ 442−2008)执行,即在水深大于或等于10 m的站位采集表层和底层样品,底层取样在离海底2 m的水层处进行。采集后的样品用先前处理(预先在450℃下灼烧6 h,用0.5 mol/L HCl浸泡24 h后用去离子水洗至中性,烘干)并称量过的直径为47 mm的GF/F滤膜过滤(过滤体积为0.1~1 L),将滤膜放于滤膜盒中,低温冷冻保存并带回实验室,用于测定SPM、PIP和POP。过滤的海水滤液转移至聚乙烯瓶中冷冻保存,用于测定DIP和TDP。
使用QuAAtro流动分析仪(SEAL)测定DIP浓度,通过测定生态环境部标准样品研究所研制的标准物质进行质量控制,样品结果均在误差允许范围内。TDP样品经酸性过硫酸钾氧化后使用流动分析仪进行测定(GB/T 12763.4−2007)。
总磷(TP)含量是TPP与TDP含量之和。SPM中无机磷和有机磷的测定参照Yu等[22]的方法。主要操作如下:颗粒物滤饼在60℃下烘干至衡重,称重得到SPM重量。滤饼样品和空白滤膜用25 mL 0.1 mol/L HCl振荡浸取2~3 h(HY-8振荡器200 r/min)后离心(4 000 r/min离心10 min),提取PIP。本研究中,用稀盐酸浸取颗粒物获得的IP是,弱结合态PIP,与POP一起成为颗粒物中的生物可利用磷。需要注意的是,PIP实际还包括磷灰石等不能被稀盐酸浸取的矿物磷,在本文中不作考虑。
浸取PIP之后的残渣离心后转移至消化管中,用酸性过硫酸钾(50 g/L)消解1 h(2.5 mL消解液+25 mL水)后定容至50 mL,测定POP含量。TPP含量为PIP与POP含量之和。
不同赋存形态磷元素分析均通过测定生态环境部标准样品研究所研制的标准物质进行分析。选取10%样品进行平行双样测定以保证测量精密度,相对偏差不超过6.24%时,即在允许范围内。
为探讨研究区域内不同赋存形态磷的分布特征及其影响因素,选择所测参数进行主成分分析(PCA)。
水温、盐度、SPM、溶解氧、pH、叶绿素a(Chl a)等环境因子参数的测定参照海洋监测规范(GB 17378−2007)和近岸海域环境监测规范(HJ 442−2008)进行。
浙江近岸海域盐度在各季节均表现为由西向东逐渐递增的态势(图2)。各季节底层盐度均略高于表层。夏季浙江东南沿海存在高盐度的水舌入侵现象,相应的底层盐度也较高。
SPM空间分布与盐度分布相反(图3)。在盐度较低的杭州湾等区域,SPM含量较高;而在盐度较高的外侧海域,SPM含量相对较低。总体呈现出由近岸向外海沿等深线逐渐降低的分布态势。
各季节表层SPM均在杭州湾内存在高值区,底层高值区分布于舟山附近海域。与春秋季相比,夏季SPM含量整体较低,这与夏季高盐度水舌入侵相吻合。秋季在浙南象山附近海域存在一个高值区,其他季节浙南海域SPM含量均较低。
春季,表层SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量平面分布相似,均呈现出由内湾向外海逐渐降低的变化趋势(图4)。整个杭州湾区域内TPP含量均在5 µmol/L以上,PIP含量在5 µmol/L以上。三门湾附近在ZJ0207站位存在高值区并向周围含量递减。乐清湾及以南海域SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量呈现由北向南逐渐递减的分布态势。在浙江省外侧海域,SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量相对较低。
春季,底层SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量空间分布相似,均呈现出由西向东逐渐递减的分布态势。杭州湾内由西北向东南含量逐渐降低,TPP整体含量水平在20 µmol/L以上,高于表层。ZJ0915站位存在一个相对高值区,含量向周围海域递减。与表层类似,三门湾内在ZJ0207站位附近存在高值区,乐清湾及以南海域SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量呈现出由北向南逐渐递减的分布态势。外侧海域含量较低。整体上底层SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量高于表层。详见图4
夏季,表层SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量空间分布相似,含量水平均整体低于春季,平均含量约为春季的1/4。杭州湾内SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量在ZJ0403站位附近存在高值区,含量向周围海域递减。在舟山北部附近海域,SPM中TPP含量较低。浙江中南部海域SPM中TPP含量低于1.0 µmol/L,其中SPM含量小于10 mg/L的外侧海域,TPP含量低于0.5 μmol/L。
夏季,底层SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量空间分布相似,在ZJ0906−ZJ0908范围内存在高值区,呈马鞍状并向周围海域递减分布。杭州湾内TPP、PIP和POP含量均低于表层;舟山东北部ZJ0901站位以东海域TPP含量均低于0.5 µmol/L;浙中南海域,TPP含量均低于1.0 µmol/L,其中PIP和POP含量大部分低于0.5 µmol/L。详见图5
秋季,表层SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量空间分布相似,整体呈现出由西向东逐渐递减的分布态势。杭州湾内ZJ0403站位附近存在高值区,TPP含量约为15 µmol/L。与夏季相似,在122.5°E以东,SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量均低于0.5 µmol/L。浙中南海域在ZJ0203和ZJ0208站位附近存在高值区,等值线呈马鞍状。乐清湾及以南海域,SPM中TPP含量呈现由北向南逐渐递减的分布态势。
秋季,底层SPM中TPP、PIP和POP含量空间分布相似,在杭州湾内呈现由西向东逐渐递减的分布态势,杭州湾内TPP含量均高于10 µmol/L。与表层相似,浙中南海域在ZJ0203和ZJ0208站位存在2个高值区,等值线呈马鞍状分布。乐清湾及以南海域SPM中TPP含量呈现由北向南逐渐递减的分布态势。详见图6
SPM中的TPP、PIP和POP的体积含量水平汇总见表1。整体而言,调查海域SPM中的TPP含量范围为0.13~66.13 μmol/L,均值为3.35 μmol/L,各层均值比较,由大到小依次为底层、表层、10 m层。各季节TPP均值含量比较,由大到小依次为春季、秋季、夏季。每个季节均为底层含量最高,表层次之,10 m层最低。
PIP含量范围为0.03~34.19 μmol/L,均值为1.97 μmol/L;占TPP含量的比例范围为19.0%~72.6%,均值为52.3%;各层均值比较,由大到小依次为底层、表层、10 m层;各层PIP占TPP含量的比例比较,由大到小依次为底层、表层、10 m层。各季节PIP均值含量比较,由大到小依次为春季、秋季、夏季,各季节各层次均为底层含量最高,表层次之,10 m层最低。PIP占TPP含量的比例各个季节比较,由大到小依次为春季、夏季、秋季,各季节均以底层最高,表层次之,10 m层最低。
POP含量范围为0.06~31.94 μmol/L,均值为1.39 μmol/L;占TPP含量的比例范围为27.4%~81.0%,均值为47.7%;各层POP含量均值比较,由大到小依次为底层、表层、10 m层;各层POP占TPP含量的比例比较,由大到小依次为10 m层、表层、底层。各季节POP均值含量比较,由大到小依次为春季、秋季、夏季;每个季节各层均为底层含量最高,表层次之,10 m层最低。POP占TPP含量的比例各个季节比较,由大到小依次为秋季、夏季、春季,各季节均以10 m层最高,表层次之,底层最低。
以2016年春季调查数据为例,表层SPM中的TPP在TP中所占的比例按公式:TPP%=TPP/(TPP+TDP)×100%计算。春季浙江近岸海域表层TPP占TP含量的比例范围为19.3%~97.7%,均值为61.8%。
浙江近岸海域表层水体DIP含量的分布总体呈现沿大陆岸线往东部外侧海域递减的态势。含量在1.5 µmol/L以上的高值区春、夏两季基本只分布在杭州湾内,秋季则扩大至全省近岸海域。含量低于0.5 µmol/L的区域,春、夏、秋季在全省的外侧海域均有分布,相较于春、夏季,秋季分布范围较小。详见图7
水体DOP含量为TDP扣除DIP之后的含量。以2016年春季调查为例说明浙江近岸海域表层水体TDP及DOP的分布特征(图8)。浙江近岸海域表层海水TDP与DIP的平面分布类似,总体呈现出由内湾向外侧海域递减的态势。杭州湾内TDP含量超出1.5 µmol/L。在浙江东南部海域,TDP含量较低。
浙江近岸海域表层DOP含量较低,最高值出现在ZJ0904站位附近,并向周围海域递减,杭州湾内基本为0。浙中南海域表层DOP含量均低于0.1 µmol/L。
表2总结了世界上一些有代表性的海湾、河口和大洋水体中各形态磷的含量,可以发现,较其他海域而言,浙江近岸海域PIP、POP和TPP含量处于较高水平,且含量范围变化较广,这主要与陆源输入有关,特别是位于浙江北部的杭州湾[23],是呈喇叭型的强潮汐作用的河口湾。江河携带的不同的陆源污染物质,随着各异的水团在杭州湾内汇集,不断地进行着物质交换、沉淀富集、稀释扩散等一系列活动[23],SPM含量较高,TPP含量也较高。杭州湾外舟山渔场海域的高SPM区域与长江冲淡水的输入密切相关,受长江径流以及潮汐等作用影响,在长江口外存在最大混浊带,悬浮物泥沙含量非常高[24]。舟山渔场海域悬浮物呈近岸高,外陆架低的分布特征,且近岸区域SPM含量变化梯度较大。
海水中磷的赋存形态和分布与大陆径流变化等水文状况有很大的关系,也受浮游植物的生长消亡、季节变化以及生活和工农业生产污水排放等的影响[33]
影响该区域盐度平面分布的水团主要有长江冲淡水和浙江沿岸上升流。长江径流一出口门就立即和海水发生混合,使海水盐度降低。毛汉礼等[34]把“长江冲淡水”框定在31等盐线范围之内的低盐水海域,其并呈现明显的季节性变化,有3条比较稳定的扩展路径:(1)顺岸南下的冬季沿岸流路径;(2)出口门直下东南或东东南的春季路径;(3)出口门转向东北的夏季路径。浙江沿岸上升流是在复杂的地形、海流、风等诸多因素综合作用下形成的,浙江沿岸上升流起始于5月,6月增强,7−8月达最盛,9−10月开始减弱。冬季虽仍有上升流出现,但势力较弱。各季节PIP、POP与盐度(S)均呈现负相关性(表3),表现出在低盐度的海区有着较高的PIP与POP含量,特别是浙江北部杭州湾和长江口南岸地区。说明陆源河流输入对磷分布的重要影响。
SPM是影响颗粒态磷分布的主要影响因素之一。如图2图3所示,研究海域内SPM含量与盐度呈负相关,在春秋季底层相关性较为明显。但是PIP、POP与SPM含量均呈显著的正相关性(图9)。SPM及所附磷分布在表层还受洋流、风速等动力学过程影响,而在底层主要受再悬浮沉降等与SPM直接相关的过程影响,因此正相关性在底层水中尤为明显(r>0.98),即高SPM的海区颗粒态磷含量也较高。受长江冲淡水和钱塘江等陆源输入影响,北部海域SPM含量较高,与之相对应的TPP含量也较高。PIP和POP的含量在春、秋季高于夏季,这种季节变化规律与SPM分布特征一致,也与其他河口区现象相似[28]。进一步说明,径流陆源输入是浙江沿岸海域尤其是内湾区域PIP和POP的主要来源。
SPM可以与不同赋存形态的磷相互作用。SPM主要由颗粒无机物(PIM)和颗粒有机物(POM)组成。PIM包括黏土矿物和不溶性磷酸盐,而POM包括陆源有机物质、浮游微生物及生物残骸等。PIM在SPM中的比例占主导且随盐度变化不大,基本在75.0%~86.8%之间[35]。Froelich[36]研究指出,随河流输入海洋的磷,其中TDP占5%~10%,绝大部分是TPP,具有潜在的生物活性。在水体中,PIP是存在于SPM和沉积物中的一种重要的化学形态。由于河口区咸淡水的混合作用,PIP会转化成DIP释放至周围水体中[3738]。PIP的4种形态(弱结合态、Fe结合态、Ca结合态和Al结合态)[39]中,弱结合态磷十分有利于浮游植物利用[40],是SPM与磷相互作用的重要机制。
磷在海洋中的循环主要是靠生物作用进行的,因此生物作用也是造成海洋磷分布不均的重要因素之一。Paytan等[41]指出,POP主要由活的浮游植物细胞组分构成,其中包括核酸、核苷酸、磷脂。之前研究[42]也认为,相较于细菌和浮游动物而言,颗粒有机物更多的是由浮游植物细胞组分构成。为了研究浮游植物与悬浮颗粒磷的关系,我们选择春季盐度大于28且SPM含量小于20 mg/L的区域(ZJ0205、ZJ0209、ZJ0210、ZJ0306、ZJ0307、ZJ0308、ZJ0902、ZJ0907、ZJ0911、ZJ0918、ZJ0920、ZJ0921、ZJ0922、ZJ0923、ZJ1002、ZJ1008、ZJ1009、ZJ1010),分析表层Chl a浓度与PIP和POP的相关关系。分析结果表明,POP与Chl a浓度的相关系数和斜率均明显高于PIP与Chl a 浓度的相关系数和斜率,说明在春季外侧盐度大于28且SPM含量小于20 mg/L的远海海域,浮游植物是POP的主要贡献来源(图10)。即浮游植物光合作用可以将无机磷转化为POP,造成浮游植物大量繁殖,使得这一区域POP积累。胶州湾[32]、东京湾[35]也发现类似现象。
海洋中的磷循环体系复杂,受海洋生物化学作用、海水运动以及沉积作用等因素的控制。研究海域春季表层TPP在TP(TPP+TDP)中所占比例随着盐度的增加而逐渐减小(图11)。说明在近岸盐度较低的海域,TPP的比例较高。与淡水区及高盐度区相比,颗粒物对磷酸盐的吸附能力在低盐度区得到加强[4344]。在低盐度区,离子强度随着盐度的増大而増大,导致了颗粒物的聚合。TDP包裹在新形成的聚合物中,促进了对磷酸盐的进一步的吸附。但整体而言,TPP/TP 与盐度的相关系数较低,表明影响TPP的因素比较复杂,盐度并不是唯一控制因素。
PCA结果表明(图12):PC1约占48%,主要区分的是营养盐分布的空间特征,在河口近海低盐度区,各形态磷含量较高,PIP在TPP中占主导,与外海表现不同在于外海的POP在TPP中占主导;PC2约占22%,主要区分的是季节即时间分布特征,春季溶解氧浓度较高,颗粒磷含量相对较高,而夏、秋季受水温影响明显,表、底层的溶解磷含量较高,且有潜在的缺氧倾向。在河水、海水盐度混合过程中,SPM与水体之间的相互作用使河流输送过程中磷的含量发生变化[45]。一般而言,DIP在0~32盐度范围内变化不显著,例如哥伦比亚河口区[46]和长江口[47]。这种现象可能是因为海水中磷酸盐存在着某种缓冲作用。一是比较稳定的固相−羟基磷灰石对于水体中的磷酸盐含量的缓冲作用[4849]。或者河口SPM能从富磷水中吸附磷酸盐,同时也能在低磷水中将磷酸盐释放出来,这样就使DIP含量保持在一个相对恒定的范围内。二是SPM是可溶解磷的一种缓冲剂,即吸附解吸作用:(1)$ {\rm{HPO}}_4^{2 - } $很快吸附到悬浮颗粒物表面;(2)吸附在固体表面的磷转向固体晶格。SPM的吸附解吸受温度的影响[5051],还受到氧化还原电位的影响[52]。所以磷可以被释放到底层水中。同时,SPM对磷的吸附解吸导致TPP与SPM的含量变化一致。磷的赋存形态变化还与生物活动和水动力变化有关。高盐度外海的浮游植物及自养细菌吸收DIP进入有机体,将无机磷转化为POP,使得POP占TPP的比值增加。
(1)浙江近岸海域PIP、POP和TPP含量处于较高水平,且含量范围变化较广,这主要与陆源输入有关,特别是在杭州湾内,SPM含量较高,TPP含量也较高。
(2)SPM对颗粒磷的分布具有重要影响。浙江近岸海域SPM中TPP以PIP为主要存在形式,占52.3%,表明陆源输入是颗粒磷的主要来源。
(3)浙江近岸海域表层海水TDP与DIP的空间分布总体呈现出由内湾向外海递减的态势。SPM中TPP占TP的比例随着盐度的增加而逐渐降低,但相关系数较低,表明影响TPP的因素比较复杂,盐度并不是唯一控制因素。
(4)春季外侧盐度大于28且SPM含量小于20 mg/L的远海海域,POP主要来自于浮游植物的贡献。
  • 浙江省环保科研计划项目(2015A016);国家自然科学基金(91851210);浙江省生态环境厅科研项目(2019A001);广西北部湾海洋灾害研究重点实验室(北部湾大学)开放课题(2020KF01)。
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2021年第43卷第4期
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doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021046
  • 接收时间:2020-06-05
  • 首发时间:2026-02-26
  • 出版时间:2021-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-05
  • 修回日期:2020-11-30
基金
浙江省环保科研计划项目(2015A016);国家自然科学基金(91851210);浙江省生态环境厅科研项目(2019A001);广西北部湾海洋灾害研究重点实验室(北部湾大学)开放课题(2020KF01)。
作者信息
    1中国海洋大学 化学化工学院,山东 青岛 266100
    2浙江省海洋生态环境监测中心,浙江 舟山 316021
    3南方科技大学 海洋科学与工程系,广东 深圳 518055
    4南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东 广州 511458
    5自然资源部海洋减灾中心,北京 100194

通讯作者:

石晓勇(1968—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为海洋污染生态化学。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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