Article(id=1233732518827053114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1233732515798774086, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2021093, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1589126400000, receivedDateStr=2020-05-11, revisedDate=1598457600000, revisedDateStr=2020-08-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772074354130, onlineDateStr=2026-02-26, pubDate=1621872000000, pubDateStr=2021-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772074354130, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772074354130, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772074354130, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1233732515798774086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2021', volume='43', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='144', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772074353408, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772074353408, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=79, endPage=87, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1233732519762382916, articleId=1233732518827053114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=The response of paleo-water depth to T60 tectonic movement in the northern South China Sea during the late Oligocene to early Miocene, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Samples of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) 368 Site U1501 between core depth 264.0−331.1 m were collected and analyzed in this study. Through foraminifera oxygen isotopic stratigraphy and Sr isotopic dating, the age of this depth interval ranges from early Miocene 20.3 Ma to late Oligocene 32.0 Ma (with seismic reflector T60 bottom age at 28−30.5 Ma). After T60 event, 3 proxies including the content of organic carbon, stable δ13C of benthic foraminifera and the difference of δ13C between planktonic and benthic foraminifera (Δδ13CP-B) showed the sea surface paleo-productivity weakened; meanwhile, the carbonate content and the organic carbon/nitrogen ratio revealed the terrigenous input decreased. Combined with the changes of relative abundance of planktonic foraminifera and the benthic foraminifera faunal combinations, these paleo-environmental proxies implies that during late Oligocene to early Miocene, the regional tectonic subsidence in the northern South China Sea leaded to the deepening of the paleo-water depth and increasing the offshore distance at Site U1501 after the T60 event. These conclusions provide micropaleontology evidence for better understanding of T60 tectonic event and subsequent sedimentary environment researches.

, correspAuthors=Haiyan Jin, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2021 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yijing Wang, Haiyan Jin, Zhimin Jian, Juan Xu), CN=ArticleExt(id=1233732521343635578, articleId=1233732518827053114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=南海北部晚渐新世与早中新世之交T60构造运动的古水深响应, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文采用国际大洋发现计划(IODP)第368航次U1501站位井深264.0~331.1 m的样品,通过有孔虫壳体氧同位素地层和锶同位素定年,得出该段井深年龄为晚渐新世−早中新世20.3~32.0 Ma(地震反射不整合面T60的底部年龄在28~30.5 Ma左右)。T60构造运动之后,岩芯沉积物中有机碳含量、底栖有孔虫壳体稳定碳同位素δ13C、浮游与底栖有孔虫碳同位素差值Δδ13CP-B指示海水表层生产力的降低;碳酸钙含量、有机碳/氮比值反映了陆源物质输入的减少;结合浮游有孔虫相对丰度以及底栖有孔虫的属种组合变化,共同揭示了南海北部在晚渐新世−早中新世时期,区域构造沉降运动导致了U1501站位在T60之后古水深逐步加深、离岸距离变远,相关结论从微体古生物学角度为认识T60构造事件及其沉积环境变化提供了科学证据。

, correspAuthors=金海燕, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
金海燕,副教授,主要从事微体古生物学研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2021, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=ldP+/m5+0gPMwMqCYwFtHw==, magXml=Z8rqQE1rD4F8tKXeCqhRYA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=IzFCxl0M2ASsv3DYlTndJg==, pdfFileSize=1234753, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=NXPllk74cqEUAlfTixTSkg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=RbA7biCuw1sVxS2xNaakiw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

王乙晶(1995-),男,上海市人,主要从事古海洋与古环境方向研究。E-mail:

, authorsList=王乙晶, 金海燕, 翦知湣, 徐娟)}, authors=[Author(id=1233807258564481169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=hpwzc@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233807258698698904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807258564481169, language=EN, stringName=Yijing Wang, firstName=Yijing, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233807258807750810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807258564481169, language=CN, stringName=王乙晶, firstName=乙晶, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092, bio={"content":"

王乙晶(1995-),男,上海市人,主要从事古海洋与古环境方向研究。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

王乙晶(1995-),男,上海市人,主要从事古海洋与古环境方向研究。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233807258442846347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258451234956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258459623565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092)])]), Author(id=1233807258883248286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jinhy@tongji.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233807260338671781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807258883248286, language=EN, stringName=Haiyan Jin, firstName=Haiyan, middleName=null, lastName=Jin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233807260468695212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807258883248286, language=CN, stringName=金海燕, firstName=海燕, middleName=null, lastName=金, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233807258442846347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258451234956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258459623565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092)])]), Author(id=1233807260544192691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233807260661633212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807260544192691, language=EN, stringName=Zhimin Jian, firstName=Zhimin, middleName=null, lastName=Jian, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233807260808433863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807260544192691, language=CN, stringName=翦知湣, firstName=知湣, middleName=null, lastName=翦, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233807258442846347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258451234956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258459623565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092)])]), Author(id=1233807260896514250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1233807260992983250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807260896514250, language=EN, stringName=Juan Xu, firstName=Juan, middleName=null, lastName=Xu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1233807261085257942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, authorId=1233807260896514250, language=CN, stringName=徐娟, firstName=娟, middleName=null, lastName=徐, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233807258442846347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258451234956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258459623565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1233807261307556066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=the northern South China Sea), Keyword(id=1233807261391442151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=T60), Keyword(id=1233807261471133933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=paleo-water depth), Keyword(id=1233807261550825712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=surface paleo-productivity), Keyword(id=1233807261668266226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=南海北部), Keyword(id=1233807261768929527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=T60), Keyword(id=1233807261869592829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=古水深), Keyword(id=1233807261982839042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=表层生产力)], refs=[Reference(id=1233807265803850098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张浩, 邵磊, 张功成, 等. 南海始新世海相地层分布及油气地质意义[J]. 地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 2015, 40(4): 660−670., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807265879347574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Hao, Shao Lei, Zhang Gongcheng, et al. Distribution and petroleum geologic significance of eocene marine strata in the South China Sea[J]. Earth Sciences − Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2015, 40(4): 660−670., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807265963233658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马尔古利斯J C. 地震反射界面的地质学本质[J]. 苍玉清, 译. 化学地质, 1988(6): 48−53., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266093257088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Margulies J C. Geological essence of seismic reflection interface[J]. Cang Yuqing, trans. Chemical Geology, 1988(6): 48−53., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266193920390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Larsen H C, Jian Z M, Zarikian C A, et al. Site U1501[EB/OL]. (2018−09−28) [2020−09−01]. https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.367368.105.2018., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266302972305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邵磊, 李献华, 汪品先, 等. 南海渐新世以来构造演化的沉积记录——ODP 1148站深海沉积物中的证据[J]. 地球科学进展, 2004, 19(4): 539−544., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266407829909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shao Lei, Li Xianhua, Wang Pinxian, et al. Sedimentary record of the tectonic evolution of the South China Sea since the Oligocene−evidence from deep sea sediments of ODP site 1148[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2004, 19(4): 539−544., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266512687514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=唐松, 邵磊, 吴国瑄, 等. 南海北部ODP 1148站沉积物特征及其来源[J]. 海洋地质动态, 2009, 25(7): 7−13, 36., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266630128028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang Song, Shao Lei, Wu Guoxuan, et al. Characteristics and sources of sediments from ODP 1148 in the north of the South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology Letters, 2009, 25(7): 7−13, 36., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266705625505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jian Zhimin, Jin Haiyan, Michael A K, et al. Discovery of the marine Eocene in the northern South China Sea[J]. National Science Review, 2019, 6(5): 881−885., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266797900198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=成鑫荣, 汪品先, 黄宝琦, 等. 南海表层沉积中有孔虫壳体的碳同位素研究及其意义[J]. 科学通报, 2005, 50(1): 162−52., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807266944700843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cheng Xinrong, Wang Pinxian, Huang Baoqi, et al. Carbon isotopic record of foraminifers in surface sediments from the South China Sea and its significance[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2005, 50(1): 162−52., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267032781230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韦刚健, 桂训唐, 于津生, 等. 南海第四纪海水Sr同位素组成演化[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1996, 16(2): 15−21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267158610354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Gangjian, Gui Xuntang, Yu Jinsheng, et al. Quaternary Sr isotopic records of the seawater in the South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1996, 16(2): 15−21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267263467957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Weldeab S, Emeis K C, Hemleben C, et al. Provenance of lithogenic surface sediments and pathways of riverine suspended matter in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Evidence from 143Nd/144Nd and 87Sr/86Sr ratios[J]. Chemical Geology, 2002, 186(1/2): 139−149., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267355742649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ge Lu, Jiang Shaoyong. Sr isotopic compositions of cold seep carbonates from the South China Sea and the Panoche Hills (California, USA) and their significance in palaeooceanography[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2013, 65: 34−41., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267443823035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡作维, 李云, 李北康, 等. 显生宙以来海水锶同位素组成研究的回顾与进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(1): 37−49., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267523514812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu Zuowei, Li Yun, Li Beikang, et al. An overview of the strontium isotopic composition of phanerozoic seawater[J]. Advances in Earth Sciences, 2015, 30(1): 37−49., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267615789502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=翦知湣, 王律江, Kien M. 南海晚第四纪表层古生产力与东亚季风变迁[J]. 第四纪研究, 1999(1): 32−39., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267733230017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jian Zhimin, Wang Lüjiang, Kien M. Late Quaternary surface paleoproductivity and variations of the East Asian monsoon in the South China Sea[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1999(1): 32−39., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807267842281922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=房殿勇, 翦知湣, 汪品先. 南沙海区南部近30 ka来的古生产力记录[J]. 科学通报, 2000, 45(13): 1227−1230., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807269230596549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fang Dianyong, Jian Zhimin, Wang Pinxian. Paleoproductivity records for the past 30 ka in the southern Nansha area, the South China Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2000, 45(13): 1227−1230., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807269335454153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈晓良, 赵泉鸿, 翦知湣. 南海北部ODP1148站中新世以来的碳酸盐含量变化及其古环境意义[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2002, 2(2): 69−74., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807269440311757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Xiaoliang, Zhao Quanhong, Jian Zhimin. Carbonate content changes since the Miocene and paleoenvironmental implications, ODP site 1148, northern South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2002, 2(2): 69−74., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807269553557970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=钱君龙, 吉磊, 王苏民. 若尔盖RM孔有机碳、总氮和碳氮比值的垂直分布[J]. 山地研究, 1996, 14(4): 244−246., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807269666804181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qian Junlong, Ji Lei, Wang Sumin. Vertical distribution of total organic carbon, total nitrogen and C/N of core RM in zoige[J]. Journal of Mountain Research, 1996, 14(4): 244−246., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807269813604828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wade B S, Berggren W A, Olsson R K. The biostratigraphy and paleobiology of oligocene planktonic foraminifera from the equatorial Pacific Ocean (ODP Site 1218)[J]. Marine Micropaleontology, 2007, 62(3): 167−179., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807269947822559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mackensen A, Bickert T. Stable carbon isotopes in benthic foraminifera: Proxies for deep and bottom water circulation and new production[M]//Fischer G, Wefer G. Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography. Berlin: Springer, 1999: 229−254., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270077845990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Altenbach A V, Pflaumann U, Schiebel R, et al. Scaling percentages and distributional patterns of benthic foraminifera with flux rates of organic carbon[J]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 1999, 29(3): 173−185., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270182703593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Holbourn A, Henderson A S, MacLeod N. Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera[M]. Chichester: Blackwell Pub, 2013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270283366895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jian Zhimin, Wang Yuejiang, Kienast M, et al. Benthic foraminiferal paleoceanography of the South China Sea over the last 40, 000 years[J]. Marine Geology, 1999, 156(1/4): 159−186., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270392418801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Quanhong, Zhao Qianyu, Jian Zhimin. Deep waters and oceanic connection[M]//Wang P, Li Q. The South China Sea. Berlin: Springer, 2009., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270484693493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zachos J C, Dickens G R, Zeebe R E. An early cenozoic perspective on greenhouse warming and carbon-cycle dynamics[J]. Nature, 2008, 451(7176): 279−283., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270585356791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李文宝, 王汝建, 万随. 沉积过程中有机碳及Globigerinoides ruber氧、碳同位素变化特征——以南海南部为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2017, 35(4): 730−739., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270694408702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Wenbao, Wang Rujian, Wan Sui. Changes of TOC and δ18O, δ13C from Globigerinoides ruber during the deposition process in the southern South China Sea[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2017, 35(4): 730−739., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270790877696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Spezzaferri S. Planktonic foraminiferal paleoclimatic implications across the Oligocene−Miocene transition in the oceanic record (Atlantic, Indian and South Pacific)[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 1995, 114(1): 43−74., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270891540995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gupta A K, Yuvaraja A, Prakasam M, et al. Evolution of the South Asian monsoon wind system since the late Middle Miocene[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2015, 438: 160−167., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807270983815687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tian Jun, Ma Xiaolin, Zhou Jianhong, et al. Subsidence of the northern South China Sea and formation of the Bashi Strait in the latest Miocene: Paleoceanographic evidences from 9-Myr high resolution benthic foraminiferal δ18O and δ13C records[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2017, 466: 382−391., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807271088673289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=叶瑛, 柳志卿, 陈宁华, 等. 南海表层沉积物浮游有孔虫的氧碳同位素及其海洋学意义[J]. 浙江大学报(理学版), 2004, 31(1): 114−120., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807271231279634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ye Ying, Liu Zhiqing, Chen Ninghua, et al. Oxygen and carbon isotope composition of planktonic foraminifera in surface sediments from South China Sea and its oceanography significance[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2004, 31(1): 114−120., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807271449383447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=葛倩, 孟宪伟, 初凤友, 等. 近3万年来南海北部碳酸盐旋回及古气候意义[J]. 海洋学研究, 2008, 26(1): 18−21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807271579406874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ge Qian, Meng Xianwei, Chu Fengyou, et al. The carbonate cycles in the northern South China Sea during the last 30 ka and the paleoclimatic significance[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2008, 26(1): 18−21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807271722013213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李学杰, 刘坚, 陈芳, 等. 南海北部晚更新世以来的碳酸盐旋回[J]. 第四纪研究, 2008, 28(3): 431−436., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807271898173989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Xuejie, Liu Jian, Chen Fang, et al. Carbonate cycles since late Pleistocene in the northern South China Sea[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2008, 28(3): 431−436., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807271982060073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dang Haowen, Peng Nana, Jian Zhimin. A dataset of the Plio-Pleistocene at IODP site U1489: Benthic foraminifera stable carbon and oxygen isotopes, coarse fraction, and selected benthic foraminifera abundances[J]. Data in Brief, 2020, 28: 105020., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807272078529068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵小慧. 舟山潮间带底栖有孔虫种群分布及对海洋环境因子的生态响应[D]. 舟山: 浙江海洋大学, 2018., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1233807272158220848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Xiaohui. Distribution of benthic foraminifera population in the intertidal zone of Zhoushan and its ecological response to marine environmental factors[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Ocean University, 2018., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1233807265560580455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0202400);国家自然科学基金委员会−山东省人民政府海洋科学研究中心联合资助项目(U1606401);自然资源部全球变化与海气相互作用专项(GASI-GEOGE-04);国家自然科学基金(91428310,41630965), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1233807258442846347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258451234956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1233807258459623565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, companyId=1233807258442846347, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1233807262230302989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=The location of Site U1501 of the IODP 368 in the South China Sea, figureFileSmall=VRjT7eMBQuidBq/m9/KQ4Q==, figureFileBig=0PsfGOPWrtmlGj1XrRkrig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807262393880848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, label=图1, caption=IODP 368航次南海U1501站位, figureFileSmall=VRjT7eMBQuidBq/m9/KQ4Q==, figureFileBig=0PsfGOPWrtmlGj1XrRkrig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807262515515671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=The photos of foraminiferal fauna preservation under the microscope below and above the T60 depth, figureFileSmall=1HxiGiido95I17qDlkpSuQ==, figureFileBig=I191lJ2ckpzi14G/x71fqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807262637150495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, label=图2, caption=T60地震反射界面所在井深以及其上下深度镜下有孔虫保存度对比, figureFileSmall=1HxiGiido95I17qDlkpSuQ==, figureFileBig=I191lJ2ckpzi14G/x71fqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807262758785318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=The foraminifera Sr isotopic age calibration of Site U1501 (core depth ranges from 302.5 m to 331.1 m), figureFileSmall=KkHp+v+83HSaGjE/zGtyig==, figureFileBig=B8Ro6p8cEOzEr/Mx82hunA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807262859448623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, label=图3, caption=U1501站有孔虫壳体Sr同位素年龄(井深范围为302.5~331.1 m), figureFileSmall=KkHp+v+83HSaGjE/zGtyig==, figureFileBig=B8Ro6p8cEOzEr/Mx82hunA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807262947529013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=The variation of organic carbon content (a), benthic foraminifera δ13C (b) and the difference between planktonic and benthic foraminifera δ13C (c) below and above the T60 at Site U1501, figureFileSmall=ikne3SKYzjxB35695F19PQ==, figureFileBig=AQwNhbC7G56rZGzHLcA1cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807263043998010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, label=图4, caption=U1501站位T60界面上下有机碳含量(a)、底栖有孔虫稳定碳同位素δ13C(b)以及浮游与底栖有孔虫δ13C差值(c)变化曲线, figureFileSmall=ikne3SKYzjxB35695F19PQ==, figureFileBig=AQwNhbC7G56rZGzHLcA1cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807263161438525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=The variation of carbonate content (a)、carbon nitrogen ratio (b) and relative abundance of planktonic foraminifera (c) below and above the T60 at Site U1501, figureFileSmall=wbrTGDHXEW8kq7VvrTPv6Q==, figureFileBig=CQmnRYGil5woEgTB+h1ssg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807264826577221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, label=图5, caption=U1501站位 T60附近碳酸钙含量(a)、有机碳/氮比值(b)以及浮游有孔虫相对丰度变化(c)曲线, figureFileSmall=wbrTGDHXEW8kq7VvrTPv6Q==, figureFileBig=CQmnRYGil5woEgTB+h1ssg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807264931434826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=The variation of the abundance of benthic foraminifera community near the reflector T60 at Site U1501, figureFileSmall=bVMv7Gi5rTzYp8LNq9PZKA==, figureFileBig=dEwoj4xej2WchmMNckkSMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807265053069647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, label=图6, caption=U1501站位 T60界面附近底栖有孔虫群落组合的丰度变化, figureFileSmall=bVMv7Gi5rTzYp8LNq9PZKA==, figureFileBig=dEwoj4xej2WchmMNckkSMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1233807265199870293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The identified benthic foraminifera and its distribution with water depth at Site U1501

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
有孔虫属环境水深分布
Siphotextularia spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Dentalina spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Bolivina spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Bulimina spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Cibicidoides spp.大陆架、大陆坡、深海所有水深
Spiroplectammina spp.大陆坡−深海>200 m
Oolina spp.大陆坡200~3 000 m
Nodosaria spp.大陆坡200~3 000 m
Melonis spp.大陆坡200~3 000 m
Hormosina spp.深海>3 000 m
), ArticleFig(id=1233807265359253854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1233732518827053114, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

U1501站位常见底栖有孔虫属及其对应水深分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
有孔虫属环境水深分布
Siphotextularia spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Dentalina spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Bolivina spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Bulimina spp.大陆架−大陆坡<3 000 m
Cibicidoides spp.大陆架、大陆坡、深海所有水深
Spiroplectammina spp.大陆坡−深海>200 m
Oolina spp.大陆坡200~3 000 m
Nodosaria spp.大陆坡200~3 000 m
Melonis spp.大陆坡200~3 000 m
Hormosina spp.深海>3 000 m
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441459026210850, delFlag=0, nameCn=海洋学报, nameEn=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-4193, eissn=null, cn=11-2055/P, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=否, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262543687, updatedTime=1761729782936, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, picEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190344242636624294, language=CN, name=海洋学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, createdTime=1761729782971, updatedTime=1761729782971, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190344242712121767, language=EN, name=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.aosocean.com/, createdTime=1761729782989, updatedTime=1761729782989, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149651085930835976, websiteList=[Website(id=1188165202219512001, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761210259251, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210330879, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=海洋学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166688563413602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210613623, updateTime=1761210613623, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688538247775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210613617, updateTime=1761210613617, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688529859166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210613615, updateTime=1761210613615, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688555024993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761210613621, updateTime=1761210613621, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688546636384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761210613619, updateTime=1761210613619, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688575996515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210613626, updateTime=1761210613626, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688596968036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210613631, updateTime=1761210613631, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1188165202282426564, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761210259266, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210377920, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Haiyang Xuebao, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166798101856873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210639739, updateTime=1761210639739, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798076691046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210639733, updateTime=1761210639733, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798068302437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210639731, updateTime=1761210639731, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798093468264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761210639737, updateTime=1761210639737, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798085079655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761210639735, updateTime=1761210639735, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798106051178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210639740, updateTime=1761210639740, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798110245483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210639741, updateTime=1761210639741, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=海洋学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Haiyang Xuebao, journalPhotoCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPhotoEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2021093, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/10.12284/hyxb2021093, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2021093, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2021093, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
南海北部晚渐新世与早中新世之交T60构造运动的古水深响应
收藏切换
PDF下载
王乙晶 1 , 金海燕 1, * , 翦知湣 1 , 徐娟 1
海洋学报 | 论文 2021,43(5): 79-87
收起
收藏切换
海洋学报 | 论文 2021, 43(5): 79-87
南海北部晚渐新世与早中新世之交T60构造运动的古水深响应
全屏
王乙晶1 , 金海燕1, * , 翦知湣1, 徐娟1
作者信息
  • 1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092
  • 王乙晶(1995-),男,上海市人,主要从事古海洋与古环境方向研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

金海燕,副教授,主要从事微体古生物学研究。E-mail:
The response of paleo-water depth to T60 tectonic movement in the northern South China Sea during the late Oligocene to early Miocene
Yijing Wang1 , Haiyan Jin1, * , Zhimin Jian1, Juan Xu1
Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
出版时间: 2021-05-25 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021093
文章导航
收藏切换

本文采用国际大洋发现计划(IODP)第368航次U1501站位井深264.0~331.1 m的样品,通过有孔虫壳体氧同位素地层和锶同位素定年,得出该段井深年龄为晚渐新世−早中新世20.3~32.0 Ma(地震反射不整合面T60的底部年龄在28~30.5 Ma左右)。T60构造运动之后,岩芯沉积物中有机碳含量、底栖有孔虫壳体稳定碳同位素δ13C、浮游与底栖有孔虫碳同位素差值Δδ13CP-B指示海水表层生产力的降低;碳酸钙含量、有机碳/氮比值反映了陆源物质输入的减少;结合浮游有孔虫相对丰度以及底栖有孔虫的属种组合变化,共同揭示了南海北部在晚渐新世−早中新世时期,区域构造沉降运动导致了U1501站位在T60之后古水深逐步加深、离岸距离变远,相关结论从微体古生物学角度为认识T60构造事件及其沉积环境变化提供了科学证据。

南海北部  /  T60  /  古水深  /  表层生产力

Samples of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) 368 Site U1501 between core depth 264.0−331.1 m were collected and analyzed in this study. Through foraminifera oxygen isotopic stratigraphy and Sr isotopic dating, the age of this depth interval ranges from early Miocene 20.3 Ma to late Oligocene 32.0 Ma (with seismic reflector T60 bottom age at 28−30.5 Ma). After T60 event, 3 proxies including the content of organic carbon, stable δ13C of benthic foraminifera and the difference of δ13C between planktonic and benthic foraminifera (Δδ13CP-B) showed the sea surface paleo-productivity weakened; meanwhile, the carbonate content and the organic carbon/nitrogen ratio revealed the terrigenous input decreased. Combined with the changes of relative abundance of planktonic foraminifera and the benthic foraminifera faunal combinations, these paleo-environmental proxies implies that during late Oligocene to early Miocene, the regional tectonic subsidence in the northern South China Sea leaded to the deepening of the paleo-water depth and increasing the offshore distance at Site U1501 after the T60 event. These conclusions provide micropaleontology evidence for better understanding of T60 tectonic event and subsequent sedimentary environment researches.

the northern South China Sea  /  T60  /  paleo-water depth  /  surface paleo-productivity
王乙晶, 金海燕, 翦知湣, 徐娟. 南海北部晚渐新世与早中新世之交T60构造运动的古水深响应. 海洋学报, 2021 , 43 (5) : 79 -87 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2021093
Yijing Wang, Haiyan Jin, Zhimin Jian, Juan Xu. The response of paleo-water depth to T60 tectonic movement in the northern South China Sea during the late Oligocene to early Miocene[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2021 , 43 (5) : 79 -87 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2021093
南海作为西太平洋最大的边缘海,其形成和演化过程已成为最近几年研究的热点。前人的研究表明,早在始新世时期,南海北部就出现了初期的张裂扩张和海相沉积[1],之后南海经历多阶段的张裂过程最终形成深海环境。在南海张裂过程中,构造运动造成的痕迹被记录在地质记录中,其中晚渐新世−早中新世时期的T60破裂不整合面广泛分布于整个南海。这类地震反射界面是由于在不同年代地层的物性不同,所得到的地震反射波的强度存在差异,因而通过一系列不同的地震反射波信号来判断其存在的构造运动界面[2]。这种界面具有沉积不连续的特点,受到构造运动导致的洋盆扩张以及古水深变化,适合研究包括海平面升降等许多科学问题。
由美国“JOIDES•决心”号科考船执行的国际大洋发现计划(IODP)第368航次于2017年2月7日至6月9日在南海北部海域顺利完成。该航次首次在南海北部深水区U1501站位获得了从陆相到深海相的连续沉积,对于研究南海从陆到海的演化过程有着重要意义。U1501钻孔的岩芯资料[3]显示了T60界面的存在,并且其上下岩性发生了极大变化,说明当时的构造运动强烈,T60界面附近呈现的滑塌沉积构造以及多次沉积旋回指示着当时沉积环境极为不稳定。前人通过各项元素、同位素、黏土矿物及有孔虫指标等证据反映出当时由于构造运动导致南海北部的沉积古环境水深逐渐加深,大范围沉降出现,剥蚀区向着华南古陆内部推移[4-5],T60构造运动之后,南海发生快速沉降,整体逐步演变为深海环境。以往对于南海北部T60地震反射界面的研究多偏向于构造运动方面,而该时期的古环境如海洋表层生产力、水深变化以及陆源物质输入变化等较少涉及。特别是对于该时期构造运动造成的古水深变化大多为定性描述,尚缺少海洋微体化石的统计数据支持。因此本文选取IODP 368航次在南海北部钻取的U1501站位样品,利用有孔虫化石来恢复古水深的变化,探讨南海海盆张裂演化过程中古水深对T60构造运动的响应。
本文中的材料取自于IODP368航次的U1501站位。U1501站位位于南海北部的外缘隆起位置(18°53.09′N, 115°45.95′E[6], 图1),水深约2 845.8 m。钻取的岩芯沉积物由微体化石的黏土物质、泥岩、砂岩等组成,通过钙质超微化石和古地磁学数据推测样品的底部年龄约为34 Ma。本文选取的样品为U1501站位C孔,其中钙质微体化石井深0~302.5 m保存较为良好,302.5~350.4 m保存较差。该孔的T60深度出现在井深302~304 m附近,T60不整合面上的滑塌沉积清晰可见,界面上下样品中微体化石,特别是有孔虫的保存度存在较为明显的差异性,反映当时的沉积环境发生显著变化(图2)。采用Sr同位素地层学,结合浮游有孔虫和超微化石地层学,初步确定U1501孔的T60年龄在24~28 Ma之间,在南海至少有4 Ma的地层记录被构造运动剥蚀掉了[6-7]。镜下观察时,井深302.5 m之上的有孔虫样品经过清洗处理后较为干净,而302.5 m以下的样品明显较难洗净,在镜下较难观察到大量的有孔虫样品。
Sr同位素在海水的滞留时间长达4×106 a,超出了千年尺度的海水混合时间,因而可以认为Sr同位素在海水中是均匀分布的,海水的Sr同位素值在同一时期内具有一个固定值[8-9]。基于此,我们可以通过测试有孔虫壳体中的Sr 同位素比值来进行沉积物年龄的定年[10],近年来利用大洋钻探岩芯展开了较多对于Sr同位素的测试以及全球Sr同位素曲线的拟合和绘制[11],进而与现有的海水年龄进行比较,重建样品沉积时期的古海水年龄。
本文选取IODP368航次U1501站位C孔井深范围为302.5~331.1 m的10个样品,在同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室进行了有孔虫Sr同位素测试,使用的仪器型号为LA-MC-ICP-MS, Neptune Plus,测试精度为1 SE<10×10−6
一般来说,有机碳含量变化可以用于反映海水表层初级生产力的变化[12-13],而碳氮比值以及碳酸钙含量变化可以用于反映陆源物质输入的变化[14-15],这3项指标都与海洋古环境的变化息息相关。
本文选取U1501站位C孔井深范围为264.0~331.1 m的样品,取样间隔为60 cm,共111个样品。在同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室进行了有机碳含量、碳氮比值以及碳酸钙含量测试,使用的仪器型号为有机元素分析仪VavioELcubeCN,检测精度为:C、N标准偏差小于等于0.1%,得到的结果计算处理后可以得到无机碳(碳酸钙)的含量,并通过测试结果得到有机碳含量以及碳氮比值的相应数据。
其中碳酸钙含量的相关计算过程如下:
假设测试得到的总碳百分含量是P1%,第二次测试得到的除去无机碳(碳酸盐)后的有机碳百分含量为P2%,设全岩无机碳的含量为IC%,有机碳的含量为OC%,全岩总量为100%。
$P1{\text %} = \left( {IC{\text %} + OC{\text %} } \right)/100{\text %} ,$
$P2{\text %} = OC{\text %} /\left( {100{\text %} - IC{\text %} } \right).$
将公式(1)代入公式(2)中可以得到:
$OC{\text %} = \left( {P2{\text %} - P1{\text %} \times P2{\text %} } \right)/\left( {1 - P2{\text %}} \right).$
得到OC%,再将其代入公式(1)可以得到IC%。
碳酸钙的含量可以根据C、O、Ca元素的相对原子质量得到:
${C_{{\rm{CaCO_3}}}}{\text %} = IC{\text %} /12 \times 100.$
本次选取用于测试有孔虫壳体稳定氧碳同位素的样品47个,井深范围为297.4~306.9 m,取样间隔为20 cm。
首先选取适合的浮游有孔虫属种。镜下观察得知,在井深范围为297.4~306.9 m内浮游有孔虫组合以Paragloborotalia opima为主,文献中指示其出现的年代主要在晚渐新世[16]。而对于更年轻的地层,则是以P. kugleri出现居多[17]。本文中主要挑选P. opima开展氧碳稳定同位素测试,但在井深302.5 m以下,由于样品污染较严重难以挑选到大量干净的P. opima样品,则选用了其他表层水属种进行替代测试。
适合的底栖有孔虫的选取,以往大多会选Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi,它的壳体是一种常见的用来测试氧碳同位素的表生种,大多数分布于半深海环境。但是由于该种的生存年代为中中新世−现代[18],因此在本次实验中我们选择C. wuellerstorfi 的两个同属异种—C. mundulusC. pachyderma进行相关指标的测试。这两种底栖有孔虫同为表生种,其氧碳同位素值非常近似,其中C. mundulus生活在半深海到深海环境,从早渐新世—现代都有出现;而C. pachyderma生存于半深海以浅的水深,同样在早渐新世—现代都有出现[19]
最终通过镜下观察选取了47个样品,每个样品中选取干净、完整的8~10枚浮游有孔虫壳体和2~4枚底栖有孔虫壳体进行测试。样品预处理和测试均在同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室完成,稳定同位素测试利用稳定同位素质谱仪MAT 252进行,分析精度采用中国国家标样GBW04405检测,分析检测的δ13C标准偏差为0.04‰,δ18O标准偏差为0.07‰。
有孔虫的相对丰度可以反映海水水深的变化,如浮游有孔虫与底栖有孔虫的比值,若比值较高,则说明水深较深[20]。本文鉴定了U1501站位井深范围为297.4~306.9 m内的47个样品中的有孔虫属种,分别统计其中的底栖有孔虫和浮游有孔虫的数量,得到浮游有孔虫的相对丰度指标。
不同的底栖有孔虫属种在海水中分布于不同的水深,因此分析底栖有孔虫的群落组合,可以为研究古水深提供直接的证据。本次工作鉴定统计了U1501站位井深范围297.4~306.9 m内的47个样品中的底栖有孔虫,属种鉴定参考文献[19-20],本文样品中鉴定的底栖有孔虫常见属种见表1
本次研究涉及到的样品地层年龄界定利用两种方法确定。井深302.5 m之上的浮游有孔虫保存情况较好,可以利用有孔虫壳体稳定氧同位素数据对比全球有孔虫的氧同位素地层年龄而建立得到,最终得出井深为264.0~302.5 m范围的样品,对应的年龄在20.3~24.2 Ma。
井深302.5 m之下的样品有孔虫保存较差且主要为底栖有孔虫,则利用有孔虫壳体Sr同位素进行定年。前人研究确定U1501站位的T60地震反射界面的顶界约在24 Ma,底界年龄测得在28~30 Ma附近,指示至少出现4 Ma的沉积间断[6, 21]。本次研究补充测试T60深度前的10个Sr同位素数据[6],通过对比得到该站位井深302.5~331.1 m对应的年龄在30.5~32.0 Ma,则T60深度对应着24.2~30.5 Ma之间6 Ma的沉积间断(图3)。
沉积物中有机碳含量(TOC)的变化是重建表层海水输出生产力的重要指标[22],由于生物泵作用,海洋表层初级生产力的光合作用将无机的CO2 转化为有机碳,表层初级生产力与有机碳含量是密不可分的。此外,底栖有孔虫壳体的稳定碳同位素δ13C值也可以在一定程度上指示海洋表层初级生产力,这同样与生物泵的作用密不可分,陆源营养物质的输入会使得海水表层生产力产生变化,一般情况下,海水表层生产力上升,由于生物光合作用多吸收12C,导致表层海水的碳同位素比值上升,浮游有孔虫壳体的碳同位素比值相应变大;当生物沉降过程中发生降解放出12C,随着水深加深底栖有孔虫壳体的碳同位素比值减小[23-24]。因此底栖有孔虫壳体中δ13C值的大小可以指示海水表层生产力的高低,同理底栖与浮游有孔虫壳体碳同位素的差值(Δδ13CP-B)也可以用于反映区域表层生产力,一般差值越大,指示海水表层生产力越高[25-27]
图4a显示了U1501站位井深264.0~331.1 m的有机碳含量变化,可以看出,在T60所在的深度附近,有机碳含量发生急剧降低的变化,并且以T60深度为界,有机碳含量由总体偏高转变为总体偏低,反映了海洋生产力总体降低的趋势。图4b图4c显示了T60深度附近(297.4~306.9 m)底栖有孔虫碳同位素δ13C和浮游与底栖有孔虫碳同位素差值Δδ13CP-B的变化,可以看出底栖有孔虫的δ13C值在T60之后明显上升,由原先的变化范围–2‰~0上升到0.5‰左右,指示了T60前后海洋表层生产力的降低。图4c浮游与底栖有孔虫δ13C差值在T60前后虽没有特别明显的差异,但整体呈减小趋势,由原先的变化范围0.3‰~1.4‰下降到0~0.8‰,也说明了表层生产力的下降。
海洋表层生产力的变化受到海洋自源的生产力和陆源的物质输入两大因素的影响,在南海北部陆源物质输入的影响较大,使得南海北部碳酸盐的保存更多地受控于稀释作用[28-29]。U1501站位井深264.0~302.5 m的碳酸钙含量在T60前后发生较大变化,由之前的10%~30%上升到之后的40%~70%(图5a),结合前述3个指标揭示的表层生产力降低的结论,不难得出碳酸盐含量的增大是由于稀释作用的减弱,即陆源物质的输入减少造成的。这一点同样反映在有机碳/氮比值上,海相的浮游生物的碳氮比值较低,一般情况下比值在个位数;而陆生高等植物的碳氮比值相对要高得多,因此这一指标常被用来指示陆源物质输入的变化[15, 29]。从图5b可以看出,有机碳/氮比值在T60之后整体呈现下降趋势,平均值由T60之前的6.26减小为5.08,指示着来自陆源信号的减弱。上述两个指标反映的陆源信号减弱与32~23 Ma间南海发生的强烈构造运动有关。前人在ODP1148站位的相关研究发现32.8~30 Ma是南海北部沉积速率最大的时期[4],与本次研究的U1501站位在30.5~24.2 Ma出现的6 Ma的沉积间断时间较为一致,说明该时期南海构造活动十分活跃。特别是在25 Ma前后,南海扩张轴发生“南跃”,构造活动逐渐变弱,陆缘剥蚀也逐渐稳定发育,随着古珠江流域的扩张加大,剥蚀区范围逐步扩大,由地块边缘地区逐渐向较老的华南古陆内部推移,渐渐远离海岸带中生代火山岛弧岩系,说明了陆源输入的源区距离变远[5],反映了T60之后U1501站位接受的陆源物质(包括营养盐)输入减少的过程。
有孔虫丰度变化是研究古海洋环境变化的一个常用指标[13, 30],其中浮游有孔虫的相对丰度是反映水深变化的重要指标之一,一般而言深海环境中浮游有孔虫的相对丰度越大指示水深较深。在图5c中,在T60深度之下,浮游有孔虫相对丰度在20%~55%左右,T60之后快速上升至90%以上,说明当时的水深快速加深,沉积环境的变化导致了原陆坡环境生存的底栖有孔虫数量急剧减少。
在古海洋研究中,底栖有孔虫也常被用来作为古水深的标志[31],南海北部陆架的底栖有孔虫大多按水深呈带状分布[20],ODP 1148站曾分析沉积物中底栖有孔虫的3种组合,显示自渐新世以来经历了一个海水逐渐加深的过程[5]。本文中,U1501站位水深环境的变化同样反映在底栖有孔虫群落组成上。在T60之前(井深302.5~306.9 m),底栖有孔虫数量较少,整体丰度较低,每个样品中含有完整的有孔虫壳体个数为80~120个。该时期的底栖有孔虫属种中,Cibicidoides为最主要属,其相对平均丰度可达31.17%;其次的属是DentalinaNodosaria,平均相对丰度分别为16.14%和15.26%。其余属的平均相对丰度均小于10%,按照属的相对丰度大小排列依次为:BolivinaBuliminaSpiroplectamminaSiphotextulariaMelonis以及Oolina,相对丰度大小分别为8.90%、7.57%、6.23%、5.86%、5.18%以及3.69%,Hormosina在T60之前的样品中并未出现。底栖有孔虫的属中,Cibicidoides的水深分布较广,浅海−深海均有分布;NodosariaMelonisOolina主要生活在半深海陆坡环境,DentalinaBolivinaBuliminaSiphotextularia分布在浅海陆架−半深海陆坡,而Spiroplectammina主要分布于半深海陆坡−深海环境[18-19];由于这些属主要在半深海分布,因此群落组成指示T60之前U1501站位处于半深海−陆坡环境(图6)。
在T60之后(井深297.4~302.5 m),底栖有孔虫数量仍然较少,总丰度不高,每个样品中含有完整的有孔虫壳体个数为60~100个,最主要属仍为Cibicidoides,其平均相对丰度可达68.18%;其次的属是Dentalia,它的平均相对丰度为8.67%;然后是Hormosina,它的平均相对丰度为7.99%,值得注意的是在T60之前的样品中并没有出现该属;其余属平均相对丰度均小于5%,按照属的相对丰度大小排列依次为:NodosariaMelonisBuliminaSiphotextulariaBolivinaOolina以及Spiroplectammina,相对丰度大小分别为4.90%、2.74%、2.62%、1.64%、1.52%、1.04%以及0.70%。其中指示浅海陆架−半深海陆坡环境的属其相对平均丰度显著下降,如Bulimina(7.57%→2.62%)、Bolivina(8.90%→1.52%)等;同时,指示半深海陆坡环境的属其平均相对丰度也有所下降,如Melonis(5.18%→2.74%)等;而指示深海环境的属如Hormosina仅在T60之后出现,因此可以反映T60后南海水深加深的过程(图6)。
(1)本文中结合有孔虫壳体氧同位素及Sr同位素建立起南海北部U1501站位井深264.0~331.1 m的地层年龄,约为距今20.3~32.0 Ma,其中24.2~30.5 Ma间存在约6 Ma的沉积间断,即地震反射界面T60的所在位置(井深约为302.5~303.2 m)。
(2)有机碳含量和底栖有孔虫的δ13C值在T60前后变化明显,T60之后有机碳含量明显下降,而底栖有孔虫的δ13C值则明显上升;同时,浮游与底栖有孔虫碳同位素差值Δδ13CP-B整体呈下降趋势,这3个指标的变化一致表明了T60之后海水表层生产力的下降。
(3)碳酸钙含量在T60之后明显增加,有机碳/氮比值的变化呈现出整体下降的趋势,这两个指标均指示来自陆源的稀释作用的减弱,对比相邻ODP1148站研究成果,反映出当时U1501站位离陆源输入源区距离变远,接受到的陆源物质输入减少的过程。
(4)浮游有孔虫相对丰度在T60后急剧上升,这种相对含量的增加与沉积环境的变化导致底栖有孔虫的数量减少有关,是水深变深的信号。此外,该站位T60界面附近的底栖有孔虫群落组合分析表明:在T60之前,以指示半深海陆坡环境的NodosariaMelonisOolina以及指示浅海陆架−半深海陆坡环境的DentalinaBolivinaBuliminaSiphotextularia为主;T60之后,深海标志属Hormosina的出现以及浅海陆架−半深海陆坡指示属的减少,同样反映出U1501站位水深逐渐加深的过程,这种水深的变化是对当时南海北部大范围的构造沉降运动的响应。
致谢:感谢国际大洋发现计划(IODP)第368航次提供本次工作的样品。感谢翦知湣教授、万随博士等对论文提出的建议及指导,徐娟及其他实验室老师为论文提供的实验协助,杨策关于论文数据的讨论,在此一并致谢。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0202400);国家自然科学基金委员会−山东省人民政府海洋科学研究中心联合资助项目(U1606401);自然资源部全球变化与海气相互作用专项(GASI-GEOGE-04);国家自然科学基金(91428310,41630965)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
张浩, 邵磊, 张功成, 等. 南海始新世海相地层分布及油气地质意义[J]. 地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 2015, 40(4): 660−670.
Zhang Hao, Shao Lei, Zhang Gongcheng, et al. Distribution and petroleum geologic significance of eocene marine strata in the South China Sea[J]. Earth Sciences − Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2015, 40(4): 660−670.
2
马尔古利斯J C. 地震反射界面的地质学本质[J]. 苍玉清, 译. 化学地质, 1988(6): 48−53.
Margulies J C. Geological essence of seismic reflection interface[J]. Cang Yuqing, trans. Chemical Geology, 1988(6): 48−53.
3
Larsen H C, Jian Z M, Zarikian C A, et al. Site U1501[EB/OL]. (2018−09−28) [2020−09−01]. https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.367368.105.2018.
4
邵磊, 李献华, 汪品先, 等. 南海渐新世以来构造演化的沉积记录——ODP 1148站深海沉积物中的证据[J]. 地球科学进展, 2004, 19(4): 539−544.
Shao Lei, Li Xianhua, Wang Pinxian, et al. Sedimentary record of the tectonic evolution of the South China Sea since the Oligocene−evidence from deep sea sediments of ODP site 1148[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2004, 19(4): 539−544.
5
唐松, 邵磊, 吴国瑄, 等. 南海北部ODP 1148站沉积物特征及其来源[J]. 海洋地质动态, 2009, 25(7): 7−13, 36.
Tang Song, Shao Lei, Wu Guoxuan, et al. Characteristics and sources of sediments from ODP 1148 in the north of the South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology Letters, 2009, 25(7): 7−13, 36.
6
Jian Zhimin, Jin Haiyan, Michael A K, et al. Discovery of the marine Eocene in the northern South China Sea[J]. National Science Review, 2019, 6(5): 881−885.
7
成鑫荣, 汪品先, 黄宝琦, 等. 南海表层沉积中有孔虫壳体的碳同位素研究及其意义[J]. 科学通报, 2005, 50(1): 162−52.
Cheng Xinrong, Wang Pinxian, Huang Baoqi, et al. Carbon isotopic record of foraminifers in surface sediments from the South China Sea and its significance[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2005, 50(1): 162−52.
8
韦刚健, 桂训唐, 于津生, 等. 南海第四纪海水Sr同位素组成演化[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1996, 16(2): 15−21.
Wei Gangjian, Gui Xuntang, Yu Jinsheng, et al. Quaternary Sr isotopic records of the seawater in the South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1996, 16(2): 15−21.
9
Weldeab S, Emeis K C, Hemleben C, et al. Provenance of lithogenic surface sediments and pathways of riverine suspended matter in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Evidence from 143Nd/144Nd and 87Sr/86Sr ratios[J]. Chemical Geology, 2002, 186(1/2): 139−149.
10
Ge Lu, Jiang Shaoyong. Sr isotopic compositions of cold seep carbonates from the South China Sea and the Panoche Hills (California, USA) and their significance in palaeooceanography[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2013, 65: 34−41.
11
胡作维, 李云, 李北康, 等. 显生宙以来海水锶同位素组成研究的回顾与进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(1): 37−49.
Hu Zuowei, Li Yun, Li Beikang, et al. An overview of the strontium isotopic composition of phanerozoic seawater[J]. Advances in Earth Sciences, 2015, 30(1): 37−49.
12
翦知湣, 王律江, Kien M. 南海晚第四纪表层古生产力与东亚季风变迁[J]. 第四纪研究, 1999(1): 32−39.
Jian Zhimin, Wang Lüjiang, Kien M. Late Quaternary surface paleoproductivity and variations of the East Asian monsoon in the South China Sea[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1999(1): 32−39.
13
房殿勇, 翦知湣, 汪品先. 南沙海区南部近30 ka来的古生产力记录[J]. 科学通报, 2000, 45(13): 1227−1230.
Fang Dianyong, Jian Zhimin, Wang Pinxian. Paleoproductivity records for the past 30 ka in the southern Nansha area, the South China Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2000, 45(13): 1227−1230.
14
陈晓良, 赵泉鸿, 翦知湣. 南海北部ODP1148站中新世以来的碳酸盐含量变化及其古环境意义[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2002, 2(2): 69−74.
Chen Xiaoliang, Zhao Quanhong, Jian Zhimin. Carbonate content changes since the Miocene and paleoenvironmental implications, ODP site 1148, northern South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2002, 2(2): 69−74.
15
钱君龙, 吉磊, 王苏民. 若尔盖RM孔有机碳、总氮和碳氮比值的垂直分布[J]. 山地研究, 1996, 14(4): 244−246.
Qian Junlong, Ji Lei, Wang Sumin. Vertical distribution of total organic carbon, total nitrogen and C/N of core RM in zoige[J]. Journal of Mountain Research, 1996, 14(4): 244−246.
16
Wade B S, Berggren W A, Olsson R K. The biostratigraphy and paleobiology of oligocene planktonic foraminifera from the equatorial Pacific Ocean (ODP Site 1218)[J]. Marine Micropaleontology, 2007, 62(3): 167−179.
17
Mackensen A, Bickert T. Stable carbon isotopes in benthic foraminifera: Proxies for deep and bottom water circulation and new production[M]//Fischer G, Wefer G. Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography. Berlin: Springer, 1999: 229−254.
18
Altenbach A V, Pflaumann U, Schiebel R, et al. Scaling percentages and distributional patterns of benthic foraminifera with flux rates of organic carbon[J]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 1999, 29(3): 173−185.
19
Holbourn A, Henderson A S, MacLeod N. Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera[M]. Chichester: Blackwell Pub, 2013.
20
Jian Zhimin, Wang Yuejiang, Kienast M, et al. Benthic foraminiferal paleoceanography of the South China Sea over the last 40, 000 years[J]. Marine Geology, 1999, 156(1/4): 159−186.
21
Li Quanhong, Zhao Qianyu, Jian Zhimin. Deep waters and oceanic connection[M]//Wang P, Li Q. The South China Sea. Berlin: Springer, 2009.
22
Zachos J C, Dickens G R, Zeebe R E. An early cenozoic perspective on greenhouse warming and carbon-cycle dynamics[J]. Nature, 2008, 451(7176): 279−283.
23
李文宝, 王汝建, 万随. 沉积过程中有机碳及Globigerinoides ruber氧、碳同位素变化特征——以南海南部为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2017, 35(4): 730−739.
Li Wenbao, Wang Rujian, Wan Sui. Changes of TOC and δ18O, δ13C from Globigerinoides ruber during the deposition process in the southern South China Sea[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2017, 35(4): 730−739.
24
Spezzaferri S. Planktonic foraminiferal paleoclimatic implications across the Oligocene−Miocene transition in the oceanic record (Atlantic, Indian and South Pacific)[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 1995, 114(1): 43−74.
25
Gupta A K, Yuvaraja A, Prakasam M, et al. Evolution of the South Asian monsoon wind system since the late Middle Miocene[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2015, 438: 160−167.
26
Tian Jun, Ma Xiaolin, Zhou Jianhong, et al. Subsidence of the northern South China Sea and formation of the Bashi Strait in the latest Miocene: Paleoceanographic evidences from 9-Myr high resolution benthic foraminiferal δ18O and δ13C records[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2017, 466: 382−391.
27
叶瑛, 柳志卿, 陈宁华, 等. 南海表层沉积物浮游有孔虫的氧碳同位素及其海洋学意义[J]. 浙江大学报(理学版), 2004, 31(1): 114−120.
Ye Ying, Liu Zhiqing, Chen Ninghua, et al. Oxygen and carbon isotope composition of planktonic foraminifera in surface sediments from South China Sea and its oceanography significance[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2004, 31(1): 114−120.
28
葛倩, 孟宪伟, 初凤友, 等. 近3万年来南海北部碳酸盐旋回及古气候意义[J]. 海洋学研究, 2008, 26(1): 18−21.
Ge Qian, Meng Xianwei, Chu Fengyou, et al. The carbonate cycles in the northern South China Sea during the last 30 ka and the paleoclimatic significance[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2008, 26(1): 18−21.
29
李学杰, 刘坚, 陈芳, 等. 南海北部晚更新世以来的碳酸盐旋回[J]. 第四纪研究, 2008, 28(3): 431−436.
Li Xuejie, Liu Jian, Chen Fang, et al. Carbonate cycles since late Pleistocene in the northern South China Sea[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2008, 28(3): 431−436.
30
Dang Haowen, Peng Nana, Jian Zhimin. A dataset of the Plio-Pleistocene at IODP site U1489: Benthic foraminifera stable carbon and oxygen isotopes, coarse fraction, and selected benthic foraminifera abundances[J]. Data in Brief, 2020, 28: 105020.
31
赵小慧. 舟山潮间带底栖有孔虫种群分布及对海洋环境因子的生态响应[D]. 舟山: 浙江海洋大学, 2018.
Zhao Xiaohui. Distribution of benthic foraminifera population in the intertidal zone of Zhoushan and its ecological response to marine environmental factors[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Ocean University, 2018.
2021年第43卷第5期
PDF下载
148
61
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021093
  • 接收时间:2020-05-11
  • 首发时间:2026-02-26
  • 出版时间:2021-05-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-11
  • 修回日期:2020-08-27
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0202400);国家自然科学基金委员会−山东省人民政府海洋科学研究中心联合资助项目(U1606401);自然资源部全球变化与海气相互作用专项(GASI-GEOGE-04);国家自然科学基金(91428310,41630965)
作者信息
    1同济大学 海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海 200092

通讯作者:

金海燕,副教授,主要从事微体古生物学研究。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2021093
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏