首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1224799290527208250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1224799280762868433, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2022099, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1626192000000, receivedDateStr=2021-07-14, revisedDate=1646064000000, revisedDateStr=2022-03-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769944506531, onlineDateStr=2026-02-01, pubDate=1661961600000, pubDateStr=2022-09-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769944506531, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-01, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769944506531, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769944506531, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1224799280762868433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2022', volume='44', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='54', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769944504204, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769996063216, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1225015534996050855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1224799280762868433, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1225015535000245160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1224799280762868433, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=13, endPage=22, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1224799290766283584, articleId=1224799290527208250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Background climate dependence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation responding to precessional change, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is an important component of the climate system, of which change in the strength can affect meridional heat distribution between the northern and southern hemispheres. Proxy records show that changes in Atlantic Ocean circulation during the Late Pleistocene is associated with precessional cycle, but its physical mechanism remains unclear. Here we use a fully coupled climate model to investigate dynamics associated with AMOC changes in precessional band under glacial-interglacial climate conditions. Our results show that increase in boreal summer insolation can effectively weaken the AMOC during warm interglacial periods, while this weakening effect is reduced under glacial maximum. We further demonstrate that during the warm interglacial period increase in boreal summer insolation leads to sea surface warming and subpolar rainfall increase in North Atlantic, which jointly reduces sea surface density and hence the strength of deep water formation. During the glacial maximum period, climate responses to precessional change is of anti-phase impacts on the AMOC. At the low latitudes, a low pressure anomaly triggered by subtropical warming weakens atmospheric moisture export from the subtropical Atlantic to Pacific, increasing in net precipitation and hence freshening tropical sea surface in the North Atlantic. At the high latitudes, the warming-induced sea ice retreat promotes ocean heat loss via the enlarged ice-free area, and hence tends to strengthen the vertical mixing. The combined effects of low- and high-latitude responses finally leads to a trivial weakening of the AMOC. Overall, our results provide a systematic understanding of governing mechanism for precessionally-induced AMOC change under glacial-interglacial climatic backgrounds, shedding light on our interpretation of precessional periodicity in reconstructed ocean circulation changes during the Pleistocene.

, correspAuthors=Xu Zhang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2022 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Fengfei Deng, Xu Zhang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1224799292393673570, articleId=1224799290527208250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=大西洋经向翻转环流对岁差响应的气候背景依赖性, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

大西洋经向翻转环流（Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation，AMOC）是气候系统重要的组成部分，其强度变化可直接影响南北半球的热量分配，厘清其变化机理对全球变暖背景下的未来预估至关重要。海洋沉积物记录发现，在晚更新世，AMOC的变化与地球岁差周期有紧密联系，但其物理机理尚不清楚。本文利用海洋−大气耦合气候模型—COSMOS（ECHAM5/JSBACH/MPIOM）模型，通过敏感试验，分析在冰盛期冷期和间冰期暖期气候背景下，AMOC对地球岁差变化的响应机理。结果表明：岁差降低引起的北半球夏季太阳辐射增强，会导致间冰期暖期背景下的AMOC显著减弱，但对冰盛期AMOC的影响并不明显。通过进一步分析发现，在间冰期暖期，夏季太阳辐射增强，造成高低纬大西洋海表的升温，同时促进北大西洋高纬度地区的局地降水，两者导致北大西洋表层海水密度降低，共同削弱大西洋深层水生成。而在冰盛期冷期，大西洋高低纬度地区的响应对AMOC的影响反向—副热带升温触发的海盆尺度低压异常，通过其南侧的西风异常削弱大西洋向太平洋的水汽输送，导致净降水增多，海表盐度下降；同时，高纬度升温造成的海冰减少，促进了海洋热丧失，海表失热变重，有利于大西洋深层水的生成，最终两者的共同作用导致AMOC对岁差变化的响应偏弱。本文系统揭示了不同气候背景下，岁差尺度AMOC变化的控制机理，对理解晚更新世AMOC重建记录中持续存在的岁差周期具有重要启示意义。

, correspAuthors=张旭, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张旭（1986-），男，教授，博士生导师，从事古气候模拟研究。E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2022
邓凤飞，张旭. 大西洋经向翻转环流对岁差响应的气候背景依赖性[J]. 海洋学报，2022，44(9)：13–22Deng Fengfei，Zhang Xu. Background climate dependence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation responding to precessional change[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2022, 44(9)：13–22
, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=wUC2P4/mba4pBB83eDz3Rg==, magXml=LRoauV5Q7MXYJxha+VNMzg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=MQlHl3/Zt/UG0g/2CMOCGA==, pdfFileSize=3988783, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=qTp0YQ7o1OcaBho9EvNxJQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=eciPnS4eluBnQK182zirRg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

邓凤飞（1997-），女，河南省洛阳市人，从事古气候模拟研究。E-mail：

, authorsList=邓凤飞, 张旭)}, authors=[Author(id=1225366262021271616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=dengff19@lzu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225366262113546309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, authorId=1225366262021271616, language=EN, stringName=Fengfei Deng, firstName=Fengfei, middleName=null, lastName=Deng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225366262222598217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, authorId=1225366262021271616, language=CN, stringName=邓凤飞, firstName=凤飞, middleName=null, lastName=邓, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.兰州大学 资源环境学院 西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000, bio={"content":"

邓凤飞（1997-），女，河南省洛阳市人，从事古气候模拟研究。E-mail：

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

邓凤飞（1997-），女，河南省洛阳市人，从事古气候模拟研究。E-mail：

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225366261702504493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261710893103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261702504493, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261719281713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261702504493, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.兰州大学 资源环境学院 西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000)])]), Author(id=1225366262285512782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=.zhangxu@lzu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225366262436507735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, authorId=1225366262285512782, language=EN, stringName=Xu Zhang, firstName=Xu, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2. Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaption, Institute of Tibetan Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Beijing 100101, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225366262520393820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, authorId=1225366262285512782, language=CN, stringName=张旭, firstName=旭, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1.兰州大学 资源环境学院 西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000
2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所 古生态与人类适应团队，北京 100101
3.青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室，北京 100101, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225366261702504493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261710893103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261702504493, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261719281713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261702504493, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.兰州大学 资源环境学院 西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225366261794779185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261807362099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261794779185, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaption, Institute of Tibetan Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261811556404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261794779185, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所 古生态与人类适应团队，北京 100101)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225366261912219705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261920608314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261912219705, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Beijing 100101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261954162747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261912219705, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室，北京 100101)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1225366262721720418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Atlantic meridional overturning circulation), Keyword(id=1225366264730792044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=precessional cycle), Keyword(id=1225366266127495281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=tropical hydroclimate), Keyword(id=1225366266223964274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=climate background dependence), Keyword(id=1225366266291073140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=大西洋经向翻转环流), Keyword(id=1225366266362376311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=岁差周期), Keyword(id=1225366266450456700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=热带水文循环), Keyword(id=1225366266534342783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=气候背景依赖)], refs=[Reference(id=1225366272263762121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Johns W E, Baringer M O, Beal L M, et al. Continuous, array-based estimates of Atlantic Ocean heat transport at 26.5°N[J]. Journal of Climate, 2011, 24(10): 2429−2449., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272356036814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李昕容, 杨海军, 王宇星. 大西洋热盐环流减弱对热带太平洋气候平均态及年际变率的影响[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 50(2): 242−250., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272448311503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Xinrong, Yang Haijun, Wang Yuxing. Influence of a weakened Atlantic thermohaline circulation on tropical Pacific climate mean state and ENSO variability[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2014, 50(2): 242−250., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272519614672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周天军, 张学洪, 王绍武. 大洋温盐环流与气候变率的关系[J]. 科学通报, 2000, 45(11): 1052−1056., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272603500753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Tianjun, Zhang Xuehong, Wang Shaowu. The relationship between the thermohaline circulation and climate variability[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2000, 45(11): 1052−1056., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272691581138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邵秋丽, 赵进平. 北欧海深层水的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(1): 42−55., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272775467221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shao Qiuli, Zhao Jinping. On the deep water of the Nordic seas[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2014, 29(1): 42−55., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272855158999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gong Xun, Zhang Xiangdong, Lohmann G, et al. Higher Laurentide and Greenland ice sheets strengthen the North Atlantic Ocean circulation[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2015, 45(1/2): 139−150., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366272943239385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stommel H. Thermohaline convection with two stable regimes of flow[J]. Tellus, 1961, 13(2): 224−230., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273035514075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rahmstorf S. On the freshwater forcing and transport of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation[J]. Climate Dynamics, 1996, 12(12): 799−811., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273098428636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kuhlbrodt T, Griesel A, Montoya M, et al. On the driving processes of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 2007, 45(2): RG2001., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273157148894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang Boyin, Xue Yan, Kumar A, et al. AMOC variations in 1979−2008 simulated by NCEP operational ocean data assimilation system[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2012, 38(3/4): 513−525., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273220063454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Milanković M. Canon of Insolation and the Ice-age Problem[M]. Belgrade: Royal Serbian Academy, 1941., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273287172321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Xu, Lohmann G, Knorr G, et al. Abrupt glacial climate shifts controlled by ice sheet changes[J]. Nature, 2014, 512(7514): 290−294., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273362669794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Xu, Knorr G, Lohmann G, et al. Abrupt North Atlantic circulation changes in response to gradual CO2 forcing in a glacial climate state[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2017, 10(7): 518−523., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273471721701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lisiecki L E, Raymo M E, Curry W B. Atlantic overturning responses to Late Pleistocene climate forcings[J]. Nature, 2008, 456(7218): 85−88., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273551413478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Roeckner E, Bäuml G, Bonaventura L, et al. The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM 5. Part I: model description[R]. Hamburg: Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, 2003., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366273626910953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Brovkin V, Raddatz T, Reick C H, et al. Global biogeophysical interactions between forest and climate[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36(7): L07405., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366274558046444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Marsland S J, Haak H, Jungclaus J H, et al. The Max-Planck-Institute global ocean/sea ice model with orthogonal curvilinear coordinates[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2003, 5(2): 91−127., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275040391406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Knorr G, Butzin M, Micheels A, et al. A warm Miocene climate at low atmospheric CO2 levels[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2011, 38(20): L20701., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275136860400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Knorr G, Lohmann G. Climate warming during Antarctic ice sheet expansion at the Middle Miocene transition[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2014, 7(5): 376−381., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275229135090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stepanek C, Lohmann G. Modelling mid-Pliocene climate with COSMOS[J]. Geoscientific Model Development, 2012, 5(5): 1221−1243., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275338186998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Wei, Lohmann G, Dima M. Distinct modes of internal variability in the global meridional overturning circulation associated with the southern hemisphere westerly winds[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2012, 42(5): 785−801., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275417878776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Wei, Lohmann G. Simulated Atlantic multidecadal oscillation during the Holocene[J]. Journal of Climate, 2012, 25(20): 6989−7002., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275493376251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Abelmann A, Gersonde R, Knorr G, et al. The seasonal sea-ice zone in the glacial southern Ocean as a carbon sink[J]. Nature Communications, 2015, 6: 8136., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275560485115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang X, Lohmann G, Knorr G, et al. Different ocean states and transient characteristics in Last Glacial Maximum simulations and implications for deglaciation[J]. Climate of the Past, 2013, 9(5): 2319−2333., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275640176893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gong Xun, Knorr G, Lohmann G, et al. Dependence of abrupt Atlantic meridional ocean circulation changes on climate background states[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2013, 40(14): 3698−3704., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275711480063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Maier E, Zhang X, Abelmann A, et al. North Pacific freshwater events linked to changes in glacial ocean circulation[J]. Nature, 2018, 559(7713): 241−245., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275778588929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Merlis T M, Schneider T, Bordoni S, et al. The tropical precipitation response to orbital precession[J]. Journal of Climate, 2013, 26(6): 2010−2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275875057923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ding Zhaomin, Huang Gang, Liu Fei, et al. Responses of global monsoon and seasonal cycle of precipitation to precession and obliquity forcing[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2021, 56(11/12): 3733−3747., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366275971526917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Chunzai, Zhang Liping, Lee S K. Response of freshwater flux and sea surface salinity to variability of the Atlantic warm pool[J]. Journal of Climate, 2013, 26(4): 1249−1267., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225366276051218696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu Chihua, Tsai P C. Obliquity-driven changes in East Asian seasonality[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2020, 189: 103161., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1225366272049852612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, awardId=42075047, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42075047), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1225366272125350086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, awardId=2020YFA0608902, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发项目(2020YFA0608902), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225366261702504493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261710893103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261702504493, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261719281713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261702504493, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.兰州大学 资源环境学院 西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225366261794779185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261807362099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261794779185, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaption, Institute of Tibetan Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261811556404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261794779185, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所 古生态与人类适应团队，北京 100101)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225366261912219705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261920608314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261912219705, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Beijing 100101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225366261954162747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, companyId=1225366261912219705, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室，北京 100101)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1225366266739863688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Anomalous field of solar radiation reaching the top of the atmosphere between strong (Pmin) and weak (Pmax) seasonal background under pre-industrial period (modified from reference [27]), figureFileSmall=5TyQ4K5g/SbNXFfYDXwjhA==, figureFileBig=9IGni3v0uVadenOzo94nIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366266815361163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图1, caption=工业革命前时期强（Pmin）、弱（Pmax）季节性背景下大气层顶辐射强迫差异场（修改自文献[27]）, figureFileSmall=5TyQ4K5g/SbNXFfYDXwjhA==, figureFileBig=9IGni3v0uVadenOzo94nIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366266936995981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) anomaly between strong and weak seasonal background, figureFileSmall=rMCSo9Wdjmse+u64JiQ9/g==, figureFileBig=rSqfn/YECxCrW8x9W7o/Kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267012493455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图2, caption=强、弱季节性背景下大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）的差异场, figureFileSmall=rMCSo9Wdjmse+u64JiQ9/g==, figureFileBig=rSqfn/YECxCrW8x9W7o/Kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267083796626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Climate response to changes in precession under pre-industrial (PI) (a, c) and the glacial maximum period (LGM) (b, d) backgrounds

a. Summer sea surface temperature-pressure difference field in PI period; b. the summer sea surface temperature-pressure difference field in LGM period, the coloring represents the temperature difference, and the black isoline represents the sea level pressure difference (hPa) field; c. the summer sea surface effective precipitation-water vapor transport difference field in PI period; d. the summer sea surface effective precipitation-water vapor transport difference field in LGM period, the coloring represents the difference of effective precipitation, and the arrow represents the difference of water vapor flux (unit : kg/(m·s))

, figureFileSmall=MaB8SZ0jFyZ3bcB1VGOTeg==, figureFileBig=0fuNHoNEXT44rL3sBSljzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267222208660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图3, caption=工业革命前（PI）（a, c）和末次盛冰期（LGM）（b, d）背景下不同气候要素的差异场

a. PI时期夏季海表温度−气压差异场；b. LGM时期夏季海表温度−气压差异场，a和b中填色代表温度差异，黑色等值线代表海平面气压差异（hPa）；c. PI时期夏季海表有效降水−水汽输送差异场；d. LGM时期夏季海表有效降水−水汽输送差异场，c和d中填色代表有效降水差异，箭头代表水汽通量差异（单位：kg/（m·s））

, figureFileSmall=MaB8SZ0jFyZ3bcB1VGOTeg==, figureFileBig=0fuNHoNEXT44rL3sBSljzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267314483350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Anomalous fields of summer sea ice concentration and winter vertical mixing layer depth between Pmin and Pmax under pre-industrial (PI) and the glacial maximum (LGM) conditions

a. The difference field of sea ice concentration in summer in PI period; b. the difference field of sea ice concentration in summer in LGM period; c. the difference field of vertical mixing layer depth in winter in PI period; d. difference field of vertical mixing layer depth in winter in LGM period. Green and red lines represent 15% sea ice concentration in Pmax and Pmin, respectively

, figureFileSmall=CqiWMRPnfYZ5RHZjDloUew==, figureFileBig=XwA7ydi7Wp1VUWknvIegxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267423535257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图6, caption=工业革命前（PI）和末次盛冰期（LGM），最高值与最低值的夏季海冰密集度和冬季垂直混合层深度的差异场

a. PI时期夏季海冰密集度的差异场；b. LGM时期夏季海冰密集度的差异场；c.PI时期冬季垂直混合深度的差异场；d. LGM时期冬季垂直混合深度的差异场。绿线和红线分别对应Pmax和Pmin时期15%海冰密集度分界线

, figureFileSmall=CqiWMRPnfYZ5RHZjDloUew==, figureFileBig=XwA7ydi7Wp1VUWknvIegxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267557752987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Difference fields of average annual sea surface density (a, d), temperature (b, e) and salinity (c, f) during pre-industrial (PI) and the glacial maximum (LGM) periods (strong seasonal background on the top and weak seasonal background on the bottom), figureFileSmall=Pn+tFAeV2a4IfozZh8jTVw==, figureFileBig=cVeliYZCsJGtT6vxAsGD8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267679387806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图4, caption=工业革命前（PI）和末次盛冰期（LGM）时期年均海表密度（a, d）、温度（b, e）、盐度（c, f）差异场（上行为强季节背景，下行是弱季节性背景）, figureFileSmall=Pn+tFAeV2a4IfozZh8jTVw==, figureFileBig=cVeliYZCsJGtT6vxAsGD8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267763273889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Annual effective precipitation difference field at high latitude in the Northern Hemisphere under strong and weak seasonal scenarios, figureFileSmall=dpzot37mlsfg798+M6NPAw==, figureFileBig=HD1yikYnlW0m0hfmkkthMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267842965668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图5, caption=强、弱季节性情景北半球高纬年均有效降水差异场, figureFileSmall=dpzot37mlsfg798+M6NPAw==, figureFileBig=HD1yikYnlW0m0hfmkkthMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267931046055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Surface air temperature anomaly field at high latitude in the Northern Hemisphere under strong and weak seasonal background

Green and red lines represent 15% sea ice concentration in Pmax and Pmin, respectively

, figureFileSmall=TFa/uEC5gNbYmOqHjM46fw==, figureFileBig=EGpfTx5tVfeEnKPI8j2EiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366267998154922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图7, caption=强、弱季节性背景北半球高纬地表气温差异场

绿线和红线分别对应 Pmax和 Pmin时期 15% 海冰密集度分界线

, figureFileSmall=TFa/uEC5gNbYmOqHjM46fw==, figureFileBig=EGpfTx5tVfeEnKPI8j2EiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366268056875180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. A1, caption=Spatial pattern of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation under Pmin and Pmax in pre-industrial (PI) and the glacial maximum (LGM) periods

a,c. PI climate background; b, d. LGM climate background

, figureFileSmall=HkjhMy7jCtx3WYaEbjQ93g==, figureFileBig=HnPwxSGngjo28jrRMqeSsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366268140761262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图A1, caption=工业革命前（PI）和末次盛冰期（LGM）强、弱季节性情景下的大西洋经向翻转环流分布

a, c是强季节性背景；b, d是弱季节性背景

, figureFileSmall=HkjhMy7jCtx3WYaEbjQ93g==, figureFileBig=HnPwxSGngjo28jrRMqeSsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366271420706994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Fig. A2, caption=Climatology mean annual sea ice distribution during pre-industrial (PI) and the glacial maximum (LGM) periods, figureFileSmall=H3ZNL8BSqVyL9tlLHtaLaQ==, figureFileBig=/aYvNAq4E0dQjxOjsEnEcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366271550730420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=图A2, caption=工业革命前（PI）和末次盛冰期（LGM）年均海冰分布, figureFileSmall=H3ZNL8BSqVyL9tlLHtaLaQ==, figureFileBig=/aYvNAq4E0dQjxOjsEnEcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225366271605256375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Specific experimental settings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验
名称		CO2含量
/10−6		CH4含量
/10−9		N2O含量
/10−9		偏心率倾角
/(°)		岁差
/(°)		等效海平
面/m
ORB0012807602700.0423.446900
ORB0022807602700.0423.4462700
ORB01lgm1853502000.0424.590116
ORB02lgm1853502000.0424.5270116
), ArticleFig(id=1225366271697531066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

具体试验设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验
名称		CO2含量
/10−6		CH4含量
/10−9		N2O含量
/10−9		偏心率倾角
/(°)		岁差
/(°)		等效海平
面/m
ORB0012807602700.0423.446900
ORB0022807602700.0423.4462700
ORB01lgm1853502000.0424.590116
ORB02lgm1853502000.0424.5270116
), ArticleFig(id=1225366271768834237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=EN, label=Table A1, caption=

Integrated water vapor transport across area in 6°−14°N, 90°−75°W (unit: kg/(m·s))

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验名称 水汽输送 年均春季夏季秋季冬季5−9月
ORB001纬向−126.76−182.286−144.3918.16864−188.532−113.281
经向−9.96022−26.44230.347412.409−56.155230.7718
合成后127.151184.194147.54514.8563196.717117.386
ORB002纬向−175.303−195.216−233.976−73.5462−198.475−200.19
经向−13.9999−32.745431.056116.0139−70.324329.0856
合成后175.861197.943236.02875.2694210.565202.292
ORB01lgm纬向−92.5443−159.29−49.1301−15.8694−145.887−59.1867
经向−11.8552−17.588527.6077−12.4783−44.961622.9494
合成后93.3006160.25856.355620.1877152.65963.4803
ORB02lgm纬向−142.635−176.768−165.993−58.9051−168.875−146.019
经向−17.2861−27.658622.6438−1.23924−62.890420.189
合成后143.679178.919167.5358.9181180.205147.408
), ArticleFig(id=1225366271865303232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224799290527208250, language=CN, label=表A1, caption=

6°~14°N，90°~75°W区域的水汽输送（单位：kg/（m·s））

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验名称 水汽输送 年均春季夏季秋季冬季5−9月
ORB001纬向−126.76−182.286−144.3918.16864−188.532−113.281
经向−9.96022−26.44230.347412.409−56.155230.7718
合成后127.151184.194147.54514.8563196.717117.386
ORB002纬向−175.303−195.216−233.976−73.5462−198.475−200.19
经向−13.9999−32.745431.056116.0139−70.324329.0856
合成后175.861197.943236.02875.2694210.565202.292
ORB01lgm纬向−92.5443−159.29−49.1301−15.8694−145.887−59.1867
经向−11.8552−17.588527.6077−12.4783−44.961622.9494
合成后93.3006160.25856.355620.1877152.65963.4803
ORB02lgm纬向−142.635−176.768−165.993−58.9051−168.875−146.019
经向−17.2861−27.658622.6438−1.23924−62.890420.189
合成后143.679178.919167.5358.9181180.205147.408
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441459026210850, delFlag=0, nameCn=海洋学报, nameEn=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-4193, eissn=null, cn=11-2055/P, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=否, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262543687, updatedTime=1761729782936, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, picEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190344242636624294, language=CN, name=海洋学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, createdTime=1761729782971, updatedTime=1761729782971, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190344242712121767, language=EN, name=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.aosocean.com/, createdTime=1761729782989, updatedTime=1761729782989, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149651085930835976, websiteList=[Website(id=1188165202219512001, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761210259251, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210330879, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=海洋学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166688563413602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210613623, updateTime=1761210613623, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688538247775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210613617, updateTime=1761210613617, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688529859166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210613615, updateTime=1761210613615, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688555024993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761210613621, updateTime=1761210613621, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688546636384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761210613619, updateTime=1761210613619, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688575996515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210613626, updateTime=1761210613626, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688596968036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210613631, updateTime=1761210613631, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1188165202282426564, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761210259266, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210377920, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Haiyang Xuebao, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166798101856873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210639739, updateTime=1761210639739, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798076691046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210639733, updateTime=1761210639733, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798068302437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210639731, updateTime=1761210639731, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798093468264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761210639737, updateTime=1761210639737, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798085079655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761210639735, updateTime=1761210639735, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798106051178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210639740, updateTime=1761210639740, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798110245483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210639741, updateTime=1761210639741, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=海洋学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Haiyang Xuebao, journalPhotoCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPhotoEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2022099, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/10.12284/hyxb2022099, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2022099, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2022099, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
大西洋经向翻转环流对岁差响应的气候背景依赖性
收藏切换
PDF下载
邓凤飞 1 , 张旭 1, 2, 3, *
海洋学报 | 论文 2022,44(9): 13-22
收起
收藏切换
海洋学报 | 论文 2022, 44(9): 13-22
大西洋经向翻转环流对岁差响应的气候背景依赖性
全屏
邓凤飞1 , 张旭1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.兰州大学 资源环境学院 西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所 古生态与人类适应团队，北京 100101
  • 3.青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室，北京 100101

    • 邓凤飞（1997-），女，河南省洛阳市人，从事古气候模拟研究。E-mail：

通讯作者:

张旭（1986-），男，教授，博士生导师，从事古气候模拟研究。E-mail：
Background climate dependence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation responding to precessional change
Fengfei Deng1 , Xu Zhang1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 2. Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaption, Institute of Tibetan Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • 3. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Beijing 100101, China
出版时间: 2022-09-01 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022099
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起

大西洋经向翻转环流（Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation，AMOC）是气候系统重要的组成部分，其强度变化可直接影响南北半球的热量分配，厘清其变化机理对全球变暖背景下的未来预估至关重要。海洋沉积物记录发现，在晚更新世，AMOC的变化与地球岁差周期有紧密联系，但其物理机理尚不清楚。本文利用海洋−大气耦合气候模型—COSMOS（ECHAM5/JSBACH/MPIOM）模型，通过敏感试验，分析在冰盛期冷期和间冰期暖期气候背景下，AMOC对地球岁差变化的响应机理。结果表明：岁差降低引起的北半球夏季太阳辐射增强，会导致间冰期暖期背景下的AMOC显著减弱，但对冰盛期AMOC的影响并不明显。通过进一步分析发现，在间冰期暖期，夏季太阳辐射增强，造成高低纬大西洋海表的升温，同时促进北大西洋高纬度地区的局地降水，两者导致北大西洋表层海水密度降低，共同削弱大西洋深层水生成。而在冰盛期冷期，大西洋高低纬度地区的响应对AMOC的影响反向—副热带升温触发的海盆尺度低压异常，通过其南侧的西风异常削弱大西洋向太平洋的水汽输送，导致净降水增多，海表盐度下降；同时，高纬度升温造成的海冰减少，促进了海洋热丧失，海表失热变重，有利于大西洋深层水的生成，最终两者的共同作用导致AMOC对岁差变化的响应偏弱。本文系统揭示了不同气候背景下，岁差尺度AMOC变化的控制机理，对理解晚更新世AMOC重建记录中持续存在的岁差周期具有重要启示意义。

大西洋经向翻转环流  /  岁差周期  /  热带水文循环  /  气候背景依赖

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is an important component of the climate system, of which change in the strength can affect meridional heat distribution between the northern and southern hemispheres. Proxy records show that changes in Atlantic Ocean circulation during the Late Pleistocene is associated with precessional cycle, but its physical mechanism remains unclear. Here we use a fully coupled climate model to investigate dynamics associated with AMOC changes in precessional band under glacial-interglacial climate conditions. Our results show that increase in boreal summer insolation can effectively weaken the AMOC during warm interglacial periods, while this weakening effect is reduced under glacial maximum. We further demonstrate that during the warm interglacial period increase in boreal summer insolation leads to sea surface warming and subpolar rainfall increase in North Atlantic, which jointly reduces sea surface density and hence the strength of deep water formation. During the glacial maximum period, climate responses to precessional change is of anti-phase impacts on the AMOC. At the low latitudes, a low pressure anomaly triggered by subtropical warming weakens atmospheric moisture export from the subtropical Atlantic to Pacific, increasing in net precipitation and hence freshening tropical sea surface in the North Atlantic. At the high latitudes, the warming-induced sea ice retreat promotes ocean heat loss via the enlarged ice-free area, and hence tends to strengthen the vertical mixing. The combined effects of low- and high-latitude responses finally leads to a trivial weakening of the AMOC. Overall, our results provide a systematic understanding of governing mechanism for precessionally-induced AMOC change under glacial-interglacial climatic backgrounds, shedding light on our interpretation of precessional periodicity in reconstructed ocean circulation changes during the Pleistocene.

Atlantic meridional overturning circulation  /  precessional cycle  /  tropical hydroclimate  /  climate background dependence
邓凤飞, 张旭. 大西洋经向翻转环流对岁差响应的气候背景依赖性. 海洋学报, 2022 , 44 (9) : 13 -22 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2022099
Fengfei Deng, Xu Zhang. Background climate dependence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation responding to precessional change[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2022 , 44 (9) : 13 -22 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2022099
正文
收起
1 引言
收起
大西洋经向翻转环流（Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation， AMOC）是全球大洋中最为重要的经向热输送带，在26.5°N，AMOC 承担了大约 90%的海洋经向热输送[1]，对气候系统及其变化具有重要的影响，其可通过影响全球热量的再分配，调控北半球高低纬度间以及南北半球高纬度间的温度变化[2-3] 。AMOC的强度与北大西洋的海冰面积有着密切的联系[4-5], 并受到大西洋海表热通量、淡水通量以及温室气体、风应力等控制[6-9]。
地球轨道变化引起的太阳辐射变化是轨道尺度气候变化的根本驱动力[10]，而AMOC对外界强迫响应的敏感程度受冰期–间冰期旋回的气候背景影响，气候模拟表示北半球冰盖高度增加可以影响大气–海洋耦合系统，引起AMOC强度增强，导致类似丹斯伽阿德−厄施格尔（Dansgaard-Oeschager，DO）事件的快速气候变化，并在中等冰量背景下，AMOC存在非线性的双稳态结构[11]，在此背景下，大气CO2浓度的逐渐变化也可以触发气候突变[12]。20世纪80年代美国发起的SPECMAP（SPECtral Mapping Project）计划对过去4个冰期循环中多个重建气候要素对比分析发现，大洋环流及相关气候要素存在与北半球高纬度的夏季日照（即Milankovitch强迫）一致的轨道周期，即100 ka偏心率周期、41 ka地球倾角周期和23 ka地球岁差周期。Lisiecki等[13]整理集成大西洋和太平洋共29个不同地点不同水深的海洋$ {\text{δ}}$13C记录，通过分析其与6月21日65°N太阳辐射变化的位相关系发现，大西洋深层水生成强度的变化对不同轨道周期的响应并不相同。中层水${\text{δ}} $13C 在岁差周期上的变化滞后夏季太阳辐射6～11 ka（即半个岁差周期），意味着夏季太阳辐射的增强倾向于引起大西洋经向翻转环流的减弱。但目前为止，尚没有工作系统的研究两者间在冰期旋回尺度上的动力联系及调控机理。因此本文利用COSMOS（ECHAM5/JSBACH/MPIOM）模型，通过一系列在冰期旋回不同气候背景下的不同岁差配置的敏感试验，系统地探讨冰期旋回中AMOC在岁差周期上的变化机理。
2 数据方法
收起
本研究采用了海−气耦合模式（COSMOS），其中大气模式ECHAM5[14]，内含植被动力模块JSBACH[15]，使用T31空间分辨率（约为3.75°），有19个垂直层。海洋模型MPI-OM[16]，水平分辨率为3°×1.8°，有40个不均匀垂直层。该模型已经被用于研究过去不同时期的气候特征，包括：中新世温暖气候[17-18]、上新世[19]气候系统的内部变率[20]、全新世气候变率[21]、末次盛冰期气候特征[22-23]和冰期千年尺度气候事件[11-12, 24-25]。
岁差主要通过调节太阳辐射的季节分布影响气候变化[26]，当岁差最小（Pmin）的时候，北半球夏至日位于近日点，北半球夏季太阳辐射强度最高，冬季最低；岁差最大（Pmax）的时候反之（图1）。为探究AMOC对岁差变化的响应机理，我们分别选取代表北半球夏季太阳辐射强度的最高（Pmin）或最低值（Pmax）的岁差配置；为评估晚更新世不同气候背景下AMOC对岁差响应的调控机理，分别基于工业革命前（PI）和末次盛冰期（LGM）的背景（PI和LGM分别代表间冰期最暖期和冰期最冷期）开展相应的岁差敏感性试验。这4个试验分别运行1500 a 以确保气候系统达到准平衡状态，并选取最后100 a 的气候平均进行分析。具体的试验设置如表1所示。
3 结果与讨论
收起
3.1 AMOC对岁差变化的响应机理
通过两对不同气候背景下的岁差敏感性试验，我们发现无论在PI还是LGM的气候背景下，岁差低值时（即北半球夏季太阳辐射高值时）AMOC减弱（图2），即AMOC在岁差尺度的变化与地球岁差呈反相关，与Lisiecki等[13]重建结果相符。
为进一步厘清岁差变化对AMOC的控制机理，我们以PI时期的响应为例分析影响AMOC强度的气候要素，见图3至图6。
随着北半球夏季太阳辐射的增强，热带大西洋暖池升温，激发出海盆尺度的海平面低压异常[28] （图3a），其南侧的西风异常削弱了北大西洋信风的强度，减弱了水汽从大西洋向太平洋的输送（表A1），使得更多的水汽储存到大西洋（图3a，图3c），趋向于使大西洋表层海水变淡，但是辐射引起的升温作用使得副热带大西洋西北部蒸发增强，蒸发的水汽输送至北美大陆，有利于海水盐度上升，两者共同作用下导致副热带地区的海表盐度变化微弱甚至有升高趋势（图4c）；密度是温盐共同作用的结果，由于同时期海水的升温（图3a, 图4b），最终温盐变化共同的结果是导致大西洋表层海水变轻（图4a）。这些变轻的副热带水团通过湾流向北输送至北大西洋副极地海域，有利于垂直混合的减弱（图4a至图4c），进而诱发AMOC减弱。
在北大西洋高纬度地区，夏季太阳辐射的增强使得表层海温升高，这一方面通过激发局地对流，引起降水增多，降低表层海水盐度（图5a），有利于垂直混合和AMOC的减弱；另一方面引起海冰面积的减小（图6a），有利于局地海气间的热量交换，尤其在冬季，气温降低将加剧海气间温差，促进海表热丧失，引起海水的失热变重，有利于垂直混合的增强（图6c）。从AMOC变化的最终结果看，海冰面积变化对AMOC的增强效果不足以抵消高低纬度水文响应所导致的AMOC减弱，因此PI时期AMOC显著减弱。
3.2 AMOC对岁差响应的气候背景依赖性
对比图2a和图2b，我们发现不同气候背景下AMOC对岁差的响应敏感性是不同的—PI背景下的敏感性远远大于LGM背景。这主要与LGM时期的背景状态有较大关系。
由于低的温室气体和北半球大陆冰盖的存在，LGM是一个典型的气候冷期。在此背景下，北欧海以及拉布拉多海−北大西洋西北部的大片区域（图A2c，图A2d）被海冰覆盖，导致大西洋深层水的主要生成区主要集中在北大西洋东北部地区[23]；同时大冰盖通过北半球西风带对海冰输运和湾流强度的调控，维持一个强劲的大西洋深层水生成速率，并导致AMOC对气候强迫变化的响应敏感性大幅降低[11]。
在LGM时期，随着夏季太阳辐射的增强，北大西洋高纬地区的海冰显著减少，但由于冷的海温背景，辐射升高导致的海表升温并无法引起降水的显著增多；同时，海冰的减少将有利海表热量的丧失，海水失热冷却变重，有利于垂直混合层的加深，AMOC增强（图6b，图6d）。在低纬度地区，海盆间水汽输送的响应与暖期极为相似（图3b，图3d和图4d 至图4f），但由于偏冷的海温背景，副热带的蒸发较PI时期偏弱（图3d），因此最终以海表变淡变轻为主，有利于AMOC的减弱。最终，高低纬响应对AMOC强度的影响效果相反，低纬的减弱作用程度上略强，导致LGM时期AMOC略有降低（图2b）。
3.3 岁差尺度极地气温变化与AMOC强度脱耦
AMOC作为气候系统经向热量分布的调节器，一直以来被认为是控制北半球百年至千年尺度高纬度温度变化的主因[11-12]。但模拟结果发现，在岁差尺度上，北极气温的变化并不直接受控于AMOC的强度变化。当夏季太阳辐射强时，即使AMOC显著减弱（图2a），北极仍呈增暖趋势（图7a）。在轨道尺度上，北极气温与整体海冰面积的多寡联系密切，而海冰受夏季太阳辐射主控，夏季太阳辐射的增强造成海冰的整体消融[29]；而在北大西洋无海冰的垂直混合区，例如冰岛南部海域（图7），气温的变化受控于经向热输运，即与AMOC强度变化有着密切关系。因此，我们认为，岁差尺度上，北半球极区气温变化受控于夏季太阳辐射驱动的海冰变化，而在大西洋中高纬度的深层水生成区， AMOC变化对气温的影响更为显著。
4 结论与展望
收起
本文通过两组岁差敏感性试验，系统的探讨了间冰期和末次盛冰期背景下AMOC对岁差变化的响应机理，对理解晚更新世AMOC重建记录中持续存在的岁差周期具有重要启示意义，因是单一模型的结果，虽与AMOC在记录中对岁差的响应相符 [13]，但响应机理可能存在模式依赖性，需后续工作进行补充验证。
主要结论总结如下：
（1）PI和LGM时期AMOC对岁差的响应取决于高低纬度水文过程和高纬度海冰的共同作用；
（2）热带海盆间水汽输送过程对岁差减小的响应不依赖于气候背景，在PI和LGM时期都倾向于使得AMOC减弱；高纬度水文响应依赖于气候背景，对AMOC的影响与热带水文过程同向，但在PI时期最为显著；
（3）高纬度海冰响应对AMOC的强度影响存在气候背景依赖性。PI时期影响较弱，LGM时期影响较强；
（4）岁差尺度上，北半球极区的气温变化受控于夏季太阳辐射驱动的海冰变化，而在中高纬度的大西洋深层水生成区，AMOC变化对气温的影响更为显著。
基金
收起
  • 国家自然科学基金(42075047)
  • 国家重点研发项目(2020YFA0608902)
文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
1
Johns W E, Baringer M O, Beal L M, et al. Continuous, array-based estimates of Atlantic Ocean heat transport at 26.5°N[J]. Journal of Climate, 2011, 24(10): 2429−2449.
2
李昕容, 杨海军, 王宇星. 大西洋热盐环流减弱对热带太平洋气候平均态及年际变率的影响[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 50(2): 242−250.
Li Xinrong, Yang Haijun, Wang Yuxing. Influence of a weakened Atlantic thermohaline circulation on tropical Pacific climate mean state and ENSO variability[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2014, 50(2): 242−250.
3
周天军, 张学洪, 王绍武. 大洋温盐环流与气候变率的关系[J]. 科学通报, 2000, 45(11): 1052−1056.
Zhou Tianjun, Zhang Xuehong, Wang Shaowu. The relationship between the thermohaline circulation and climate variability[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2000, 45(11): 1052−1056.
4
邵秋丽, 赵进平. 北欧海深层水的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(1): 42−55.
Shao Qiuli, Zhao Jinping. On the deep water of the Nordic seas[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2014, 29(1): 42−55.
5
Gong Xun, Zhang Xiangdong, Lohmann G, et al. Higher Laurentide and Greenland ice sheets strengthen the North Atlantic Ocean circulation[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2015, 45(1/2): 139−150.
6
Stommel H. Thermohaline convection with two stable regimes of flow[J]. Tellus, 1961, 13(2): 224−230.
7
Rahmstorf S. On the freshwater forcing and transport of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation[J]. Climate Dynamics, 1996, 12(12): 799−811.
8
Kuhlbrodt T, Griesel A, Montoya M, et al. On the driving processes of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 2007, 45(2): RG2001.
9
Huang Boyin, Xue Yan, Kumar A, et al. AMOC variations in 1979−2008 simulated by NCEP operational ocean data assimilation system[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2012, 38(3/4): 513−525.
10
Milanković M. Canon of Insolation and the Ice-age Problem[M]. Belgrade: Royal Serbian Academy, 1941.
11
Zhang Xu, Lohmann G, Knorr G, et al. Abrupt glacial climate shifts controlled by ice sheet changes[J]. Nature, 2014, 512(7514): 290−294.
12
Zhang Xu, Knorr G, Lohmann G, et al. Abrupt North Atlantic circulation changes in response to gradual CO2 forcing in a glacial climate state[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2017, 10(7): 518−523.
13
Lisiecki L E, Raymo M E, Curry W B. Atlantic overturning responses to Late Pleistocene climate forcings[J]. Nature, 2008, 456(7218): 85−88.
14
Roeckner E, Bäuml G, Bonaventura L, et al. The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM 5. Part I: model description[R]. Hamburg: Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, 2003.
15
Brovkin V, Raddatz T, Reick C H, et al. Global biogeophysical interactions between forest and climate[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36(7): L07405.
16
Marsland S J, Haak H, Jungclaus J H, et al. The Max-Planck-Institute global ocean/sea ice model with orthogonal curvilinear coordinates[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2003, 5(2): 91−127.
17
Knorr G, Butzin M, Micheels A, et al. A warm Miocene climate at low atmospheric CO2 levels[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2011, 38(20): L20701.
18
Knorr G, Lohmann G. Climate warming during Antarctic ice sheet expansion at the Middle Miocene transition[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2014, 7(5): 376−381.
19
Stepanek C, Lohmann G. Modelling mid-Pliocene climate with COSMOS[J]. Geoscientific Model Development, 2012, 5(5): 1221−1243.
20
Wei Wei, Lohmann G, Dima M. Distinct modes of internal variability in the global meridional overturning circulation associated with the southern hemisphere westerly winds[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2012, 42(5): 785−801.
21
Wei Wei, Lohmann G. Simulated Atlantic multidecadal oscillation during the Holocene[J]. Journal of Climate, 2012, 25(20): 6989−7002.
22
Abelmann A, Gersonde R, Knorr G, et al. The seasonal sea-ice zone in the glacial southern Ocean as a carbon sink[J]. Nature Communications, 2015, 6: 8136.
23
Zhang X, Lohmann G, Knorr G, et al. Different ocean states and transient characteristics in Last Glacial Maximum simulations and implications for deglaciation[J]. Climate of the Past, 2013, 9(5): 2319−2333.
24
Gong Xun, Knorr G, Lohmann G, et al. Dependence of abrupt Atlantic meridional ocean circulation changes on climate background states[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2013, 40(14): 3698−3704.
25
Maier E, Zhang X, Abelmann A, et al. North Pacific freshwater events linked to changes in glacial ocean circulation[J]. Nature, 2018, 559(7713): 241−245.
26
Merlis T M, Schneider T, Bordoni S, et al. The tropical precipitation response to orbital precession[J]. Journal of Climate, 2013, 26(6): 2010−2021.
27
Ding Zhaomin, Huang Gang, Liu Fei, et al. Responses of global monsoon and seasonal cycle of precipitation to precession and obliquity forcing[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2021, 56(11/12): 3733−3747.
28
Wang Chunzai, Zhang Liping, Lee S K. Response of freshwater flux and sea surface salinity to variability of the Atlantic warm pool[J]. Journal of Climate, 2013, 26(4): 1249−1267.
29
Wu Chihua, Tsai P C. Obliquity-driven changes in East Asian seasonality[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2020, 189: 103161.
2022年第44卷第9期
PDF下载
151
60
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022099
  • 接收时间：2021-07-14
  • 首发时间：2026-02-01
  • 出版时间：2022-09-01
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2021-07-14
  • 修回日期：2022-03-01
基金
国家自然科学基金(42075047)
国家重点研发项目(2020YFA0608902)
作者信息
    1.兰州大学 资源环境学院 西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所 古生态与人类适应团队，北京 100101
    3.青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室，北京 100101

通讯作者:

张旭（1986-），男，教授，博士生导师，从事古气候模拟研究。E-mail：
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2022099
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持