Article(id=1224796866294993379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1224796862020997568, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2022035, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1620489600000, receivedDateStr=2021-05-09, revisedDate=1631721600000, revisedDateStr=2021-09-16, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769943928550, onlineDateStr=2026-02-01, pubDate=1653408000000, pubDateStr=2022-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769943928550, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-01, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769943928550, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769943928550, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1224796862020997568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2022', volume='44', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='163', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769943927531, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769995987693, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1225015218229624878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1224796862020997568, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1225015218229624879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1224796862020997568, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=22, endPage=36, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1224796866626343403, articleId=1224796866294993379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Spatiotemporal variations of mesoscale eddies in the Japan Sea, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this paper, surface characteristics of mesoscale eddies in the Japan Sea (JES), including size, polarity, life cycle, amplitude, and trajectory, are analyzed by using eddy datasets and sea level anomaly altimeter data from 1993 to 2019. Over the 27-year period, a total of 1429 eddies were detected with nearly equal number of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies (CEs and AEs, respectively). Strong seasonal variability was observed for both polarities of eddy. The eddies were most generated in autumn, followed by winter and the least in the spring. Mesoscale eddies are prone to generate in the Ulleung Basin and Yamato Basin, which distributed in a southwest-northeast zonal belt. Among them, ACs are dominant in the southern JES, while CEs in the northern JES near the Tsugaru Strait. The western and southern movements of the mesoscale eddies were driven by the East Korean Warm Current and Tsushima Warm Current. In the northern JES, the mesoscale eddies were more related to the Liman cold current and subpolar front current. Further studies shown that dynamical instability is an important reason for the generation of eddies in autumn and winter. However, semi-enclosed basins, local flow fields, and complex air-sea interactions may all have a certain impact on the generation and dissipation of the mesoscale eddies.

, correspAuthors=Yongchui Zhang, Changming Dong, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2022 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiao Yang, Yongchui Zhang, Changshui Xia, Changming Dong, Nan Hu, Haodi Wang, Shiyao Chen), CN=ArticleExt(id=1224796870896145027, articleId=1224796866294993379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=日本海中尺度涡旋时空变化特征研究, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文利用1993–2019年基于海表面高度异常的涡旋数据集和高度计数据统计分析了日本海区域中尺度涡旋的大小、极性、生命周期、振幅、传播等表面特征的时空变化规律。27年间,共探测到1 429个涡旋,气旋和反气旋数量基本相当,其中气旋675个,反气旋754个。两种极性涡旋均具有较强的季节变化:秋季较多,冬季次之,春季最少。郁陵盆地、大和盆地等为涡旋多发区域呈现西南–东北向带状分布。其中,南部海域反气旋占优,靠近津轻海峡的北部海域气旋占优。西部和南部受东韩暖流和对马暖流的驱动,涡旋移动方向与流场基本一致,北部涡旋与黎曼寒流以及副极地锋流有关。研究表明,动力学不稳定是涡旋在秋冬季大量产生的重要原因。此外,半封闭盆地、局地流场以及复杂的海气相互作用等都可能会对涡旋的产生和消亡造成一定影响。

, correspAuthors=张永垂, 董昌明, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张永垂(1982-),男,江苏省沭阳县人,副教授,主要从事海洋环流动力学和海洋中尺度涡研究。E-mail:
董昌明(1967-),男,安徽省黄山市人,教授,主要从事物理海洋、海洋动力学和数值模拟研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2022, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=32w6nec7vfGXxK18VN3oSw==, magXml=9Ioy4g0H/dxljefV1KYu6w==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=M9bORLFO1se1N+bB4RXt8Q==, pdfFileSize=5334547, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Ep0ZCS1vSnXSXdspjb07gA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=NL+EwC4kAnjepax2zW1jTQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨霄(1997-),女,甘肃省庆阳市人,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail:

, authorsList=杨霄, 张永垂, 夏长水, 董昌明, 胡楠, 汪浩笛, 陈诗尧)}, authors=[Author(id=1225368172174426245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yx@nuist.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225368172300255381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368172174426245, language=EN, stringName=Xiao Yang, firstName=Xiao, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
2. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225368172434473122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368172174426245, language=CN, stringName=杨霄, firstName=霄, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061, bio={"content":"

杨霄(1997-),女,甘肃省庆阳市人,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

杨霄(1997-),女,甘肃省庆阳市人,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171507531854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171511726159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171507531854, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171520114768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171507531854, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225368171624972373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171629166680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171624972373, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171637555288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171624972373, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061)])]), Author(id=1225368172652576949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zyc@nudt.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225368172837126339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368172652576949, language=EN, stringName=Yongchui Zhang, firstName=Yongchui, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, *, address=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225368172954566863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368172652576949, language=CN, stringName=张永垂, firstName=永垂, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, *, address=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171826298984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171847270507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171855659115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073)])]), Author(id=1225368173067813082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225368173172670698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368173067813082, language=EN, stringName=Changshui Xia, firstName=Changshui, middleName=null, lastName=Xia, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225368173373997301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368173067813082, language=CN, stringName=夏长水, firstName=长水, middleName=null, lastName=夏, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171624972373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171629166680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171624972373, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171637555288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171624972373, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061)])]), Author(id=1225368173491437825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=cmdong@nuist.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225368173613072657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368173491437825, language=EN, stringName=Changming Dong, firstName=Changming, middleName=null, lastName=Dong, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 4, *, address=1. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
4. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225368173722124571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368173491437825, language=CN, stringName=董昌明, firstName=昌明, middleName=null, lastName=董, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 4, *, address=1.南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
4.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东 珠海 519082, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171507531854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171511726159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171507531854, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171520114768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171507531854, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225368172023431289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368172031819898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368172023431289, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368172040208508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368172023431289, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东 珠海 519082)])]), Author(id=1225368173873119527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225368173969588531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368173873119527, language=EN, stringName=Nan Hu, firstName=Nan, middleName=null, lastName=Hu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225368174128972095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368173873119527, language=CN, stringName=胡楠, firstName=楠, middleName=null, lastName=胡, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171826298984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171847270507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171855659115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073)])]), Author(id=1225368174233829707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225368174368047447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368174233829707, language=EN, stringName=Haodi Wang, firstName=Haodi, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225368174565179741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368174233829707, language=CN, stringName=汪浩笛, firstName=浩笛, middleName=null, lastName=汪, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171826298984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171847270507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171855659115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073)])]), Author(id=1225368174670037350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1225368174783283572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368174670037350, language=EN, stringName=Shiyao Chen, firstName=Shiyao, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225368174879752577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, authorId=1225368174670037350, language=CN, stringName=陈诗尧, firstName=诗尧, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171826298984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171847270507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171855659115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1225368175060107662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=the Japan Sea), Keyword(id=1225368175135605141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=mesoscale eddies), Keyword(id=1225368175253045662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=surface features), Keyword(id=1225368175362097576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=statistical analysis), Keyword(id=1225368175471149488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=日本海), Keyword(id=1225368175634727349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=中尺度涡旋), Keyword(id=1225368175794110912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=表面特征), Keyword(id=1225368175919940040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=统计分析)], refs=[Reference(id=1225368183029285622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Robinson A R. Eddies in Marine Science[M]. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1983: 609., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183121560317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李立. 南海中尺度海洋现象研究概述[J]. 台湾海峡, 2002, 21(2): 265−274., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183234806533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Li. A review on mesoscale oceanographical phenomena in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 2002, 21(2): 265−274., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183314498316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Huizan, Liu Ding, Zhang Weimin, et al. Characterizing the capability of mesoscale eddies to carry drifters in the northwest Pacific[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(6): 1711−1728., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183402578708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Holland W R. The role of mesoscale eddies in the general circulation of the ocean—numerical experiments using a wind-driven quasi-geostrophic model[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1978, 8(3): 363−392., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183528407837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McWilliams J C, Flierl G R. On the evolution of isolated, nonlinear vortices[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1979, 9(6): 1155−1182., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183633265443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chelton D B, Schlax M G, Samelson R M, et al. Global observations of large oceanic eddies[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2007, 34(15): L15606., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183717151530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chelton D B, Schlax M G, Samelson R M. Global observations of nonlinear mesoscale eddies[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2011, 91(2): 167−216., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183805231919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gruber N, Lachkar Z, Frenzel H, et al. Eddy-induced reduction of biological production in eastern boundary upwelling systems[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2011, 4(11): 787−792., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368183964615477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Yu, Dong Changming, Guan Yuping, et al. Eddy analysis in the subtropical zonal band of the North Pacific Ocean[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2012, 68: 54−67., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184069473081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Petersen M R, Williams S J, Maltrud M E, et al. A three-dimensional eddy census of a high-resolution global ocean simulation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2013, 118(4): 1759−1774., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184161747773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dong Changming, McWilliams J C, Liu Yu, et al. Global heat and salt transports by eddy movement[J]. Nature Communications, 2014, 5(1): 3294., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184254022465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun Wenjin, Dong Changming, Wang Ruyun, et al. Vertical structure anomalies of oceanic eddies in the Kuroshio Extension region[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2017, 122(2): 1476−1496., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184392434504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun Wenjin, Dong Changming, Tan Wei, et al. Statistical characteristics of cyclonic warm-core eddies and anticyclonic cold-core eddies in the north Pacific based on remote sensing data[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(2): 208., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184484709199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lguensat R, Sun Miao, Fablet R, et al. EddyNet: a deep neural network for pixel-wise classification of oceanic eddies[C]//Proceedings of the IGARSS 2018·2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Valencia: IEEE, 2018: 1764−1767., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184585372502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Guangjun, Cheng Cheng, Yang Wenxian, et al. Oceanic eddy identification using an AI scheme[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(11): 1349., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184711201630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Duo Zijun, Wang Wenke, Wang Huizan. Oceanic mesoscale eddy detection method based on deep learning[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(16): 1921., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184816059236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Santana O J, Hernández-Sosa D, Martz J, et al. Neural network training for the detection and classification of oceanic mesoscale eddies[J]. Remote Sensing, 2020, 12(16): 2625., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368184912528233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Xiao, Xu Guangjun, Liu Yu, et al. Multi-source data analysis of mesoscale eddies and their effects on surface chlorophyll in the Bay of Bengal[J]. Remote Sensing, 2020, 12(21): 3485., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368185000608622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Park K A, Park J E, Choi B J, et al. An oceanic current map of the east sea for science textbooks based on scientific knowledge acquired from oceanic measurements[J]. The Sea: Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, 2013, 18(4): 234−265., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368185097077618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ichiye T, Takano K. Mesoscale eddies in the Sea of Japan[J]. La Mer, 1988, 26: 69−76., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368186477003639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tanioka K. On the east Korean Warm Current (Tosen Warm Current)[J]. Oceanographical Magazine, 1968, 20: 31−38., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368186594444152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim K, Legeckis R. Branching of the Tsushima current in 1981–83[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 1986, 17(3/4): 265−276., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368186762216318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Isoda Y, Saitoh S I. The northward intruding eddy along the east coast of Korea[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1993, 49(4): 443−458., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368186913211267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Isoda Y. Warm eddy movements in the eastern Japan Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1994, 50(1): 1−15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187030651786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lie H J, Byun S K, Bang I, et al. Physical structure of eddies in the southwestern East Sea[J]. Journal of the Korean Society Oceanography, 1995, 30(3): 170−183., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187181646734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jacobs G A, Hogan P J, Whitmer K R. Effects of eddy variability on the circulation of the Japan/East Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1999, 55(2): 247−256., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187278115729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Morimoto A, Yanagi T, Kaneko A. Eddy field in the Japan Sea derived from satellite altimetric data[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 2000, 56(4): 449−462., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187412333464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ebuchi N, Hanawa K. Influence of mesoscale eddies on variations of the Kuroshio path south of Japan[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 2003, 59(1): 25−36., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187512996764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mitchell D A, Teague W J, Wimbush M, et al. The Dok cold eddy[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2005, 35(3): 273−288., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187596882849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee D K, Niiler P P. The energetic surface circulation patterns of the Japan/East Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2005, 52(11/13): 1547−1563., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187781432226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee D K, Niiler P. Eddies in the southwestern East/Japan Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2010, 57(10): 1233−1242., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187882095528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shin H R, Kim I, Kim D, et al. Physical characteristics and classification of the Ulleung warm eddy in the East Sea (Japan Sea)[J]. The Sea: Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, 2019, 24(2): 298−317., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368187974370218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hogan P J, Hurlburt H E. Why do intrathermocline eddies form in the Japan/East Sea? A modeling perspective[J]. Oceanography, 2006, 19(3): 134−143., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188087616432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gordon A L, Giulivi C F, Lee C M, et al. Japan/East Sea intrathermocline eddies[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2002, 32(6): 1960−1974., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188175696819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yong H J, Jang G C, Jinku P. Physical boundaries of intrathermocline Ulleung eddies in the East/Japan Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2017, 143: 15−23., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188259582903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gaube P, McGillicuddy Jr D J, Chelton D B, et al. Regional variations in the influence of mesoscale eddies on near-surface chlorophyll[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2014, 119(12): 8195−8220., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188326691771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dufois F, Hardman-Mountford N J, Greenwood J, et al. Anticyclonic eddies are more productive than cyclonic eddies in subtropical gyres because of winter mixing[J]. Science Advances, 2016, 2(5): e1600282., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188439937984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Maúre E R, Ishizaka J, Sukigara C, et al. Mesoscale eddies control the timing of spring phytoplankton blooms: a case study in the Japan Sea[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2017, 44(21): 11115−11124., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188536406980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵新华, 侯一筠, 刘泽, 等. 基于卫星高度计和浮标漂流轨迹的海洋涡旋特征信息对比分析[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2019, 50(4): 759−764., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188611904455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Xinhua, Hou Yijun, Liu Ze, et al. Analysis of the global eddies based on altimeter snapshots and buoy drifting trajectory data[J]. Journal of Oceanologia and Limnologia, 2019, 50(4): 759−764., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188699984843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Meng Yao, Liu Hailong, Lin Pengfei, et al. Oceanic mesoscale eddy in the Kuroshio extension: comparison of four datasets[J]. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 2020, 14(1): 100011., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188762899406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Teague W J, Jacobs G A, Ko D S, et al. Connectivity of the Taiwan, Cheju, and Korea straits[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2003, 23(1): 63−77., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188855174098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Gengxin, Wang Dongxiao, Hou Yijun. The features and interannual variability mechanism of mesoscale eddies in the Bay of Bengal[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2012, 47: 178−185., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368188909700053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Takematsu M, Ostrovski A G, Nagano Z. Observations of eddies in the Japan Basin interior[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1999, 55(2): 237−246., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368189001974744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=44, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim C H, Lie H J, Chu K S. On the intermediate water in the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan)[J]. Elsevier Oceanography Series, 1991, 54: 129−141., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368189081666523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Arruda W Z, Nof D, O’Brien J J. Does the Ulleung eddy owe its existence to β and nonlinearities?[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2004, 51(12): 2073−2090., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368189148775389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=46, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rhines P B. Vorticity Dynamics of the oceanic general circulation[J]. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 1986, 18(1): 433−497., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368189207495647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=47, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhong Yisen, Bracco A, Villareal T A. Pattern formation at the ocean surface: Sargassum distribution and the role of the eddy field[J]. Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments, 2012, 2(1): 12−27., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368189295576035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=48, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rodgers J L, Nicewander W A. Thirteen ways to look at the correlation coefficient[J]. The American Statistician, 1988, 42(1): 59−66., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1225368189396239335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=49, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shin H R, Shin C W, Kim C, et al. Movement and structural variation of warm eddy WE92 for three years in the western East/Japan Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2005, 52(11/13): 1742−1762., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1225368182685352658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, awardId=2017YFA0604100, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0604100), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1225368182760850141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, awardId=41406003, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(41406003), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1225368182861513447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, awardId=BK20130064, language=CN, fundingSource=江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130064), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225368171507531854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171511726159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171507531854, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171520114768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171507531854, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225368171624972373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171629166680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171624972373, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171637555288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171624972373, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225368171826298984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171847270507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368171855659115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368171826298984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225368172023431289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368172031819898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368172023431289, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225368172040208508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, companyId=1225368172023431289, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东 珠海 519082)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1225368177446666712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Topographic of the Japan Sea from ETOO2 (a) and schematic diagram of the Japan Sea surface current (b)

UB. Ulleung Basin; YB. Yamato Basin; JB. Japan Basin; KS. Korea Strait; TsS. Tsugaru Strait; SS. Soya Strait; TaS. Tatarsky Strait; YR. Yamato Rise. In b, the red arrow represents warm current and black arrow represents cold current; NB.Tsushima Warm Current Nearshore Branch; OB. Tsushima Warm Current Offshore Branch; EKWC. East Korean Warm Current; LCC. Liman Cold Current; NKCC. North Korea Cold Current; SPFC. Subpolar Front Current

, figureFileSmall=IaWM9ibRGdadfSvdeBDXtw==, figureFileBig=OfeWn+7xu2UU1oMhm6jRjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368177585078752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图1, caption=日本海地形(a)和表层环流示意图(b)

UB.郁陵盆地;YB.大和海盆;JB.日本海盆;KS.对马(朝鲜)海峡;TsS.津轻海峡;SS.宗谷海峡;TaS.鞑靼海峡;YR.大和隆起。b图红色箭头代表暖流,黑色箭头代表寒流;NB.对马暖流近岸分支;OB.对马暖流离岸分支;EKWC.东韩暖流;LCC.黎曼寒流;NKCC.北韩寒流; SPFC.副极地锋流

, figureFileSmall=IaWM9ibRGdadfSvdeBDXtw==, figureFileBig=OfeWn+7xu2UU1oMhm6jRjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368177870291438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Spatial distribution of the multi-year average eddy kinetic energy (a) and root mean square of the sea level anomaly (b), figureFileSmall=YsYavKU10aabCYbJs8b3Hw==, figureFileBig=PYf6sFw60p6P9eCyS3Wq1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368177979343352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图2, caption=涡动能(a)和海表面高度异常均方根(b)多年平均空间分布, figureFileSmall=YsYavKU10aabCYbJs8b3Hw==, figureFileBig=PYf6sFw60p6P9eCyS3Wq1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178113561088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Time series of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and sea surface height anomaly root mean square (SLA RMS) (a, c) and its linear growth rate (b, d)

The up and down rows are interannual and seasonal variations respectively, and the shaded part in a and c is the error range

, figureFileSmall=51xuD3q0hwsdg3WgXJQdVQ==, figureFileBig=OE1W/LOHY5FqY9VmORSsJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178247778822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图3, caption=涡动能(EKE)和海表面高度异常均方根(SLA RMS)(a,c)及其线性增长率(b,d)的时间变化序列

上、下行分别为年际和季节变化,a和c中的阴影部分为误差范围

, figureFileSmall=51xuD3q0hwsdg3WgXJQdVQ==, figureFileBig=OE1W/LOHY5FqY9VmORSsJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178411356686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=The interannual (a) and monthly (b) variation of eddy numbers

Vertical axis is the ratio of eddies with different polarities to the total number of eddies

, figureFileSmall=0GbOCuMLUzG50eK2cj6cDw==, figureFileBig=y9mHTBcnJYvtjJlqA7nyNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178562351642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图4, caption=涡旋数量的年际变化(a)和月变化(b)

纵坐标为不同极性涡旋占总涡旋数的比值

, figureFileSmall=0GbOCuMLUzG50eK2cj6cDw==, figureFileBig=y9mHTBcnJYvtjJlqA7nyNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178671403554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Spatial distribution of average eddy number over 0.1°×0.1° bins

a is cyclonic eddies and b is anticyclonic eddies. The background color is the number of eddies and the outline of the black line is the 500 m isobath line

, figureFileSmall=e8C1TIXqOV32ACGq1TW22Q==, figureFileBig=Mb/jQONQ8PqtfIB9Ok5vGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178780455464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图5, caption=涡旋数量在0.1°×0.1°网格内的空间分布

图a为气旋图,b为反气旋,背景颜色为涡旋数量,黑线轮廓线为500 m等深线

, figureFileSmall=e8C1TIXqOV32ACGq1TW22Q==, figureFileBig=Mb/jQONQ8PqtfIB9Ok5vGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178881118769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Distribution of eddy life cycle (a, e, i), radius (b, f, j), amplitude (e, g, k), and rotation velocity (d, h, l)

a–d, e–h and i–l are cumulative curves, bars, and cyclonic eddies to anticyclonic eddies ratios, respectively. e–h is the ratio of eddies with different polarities to the total number of eddies, and the dotted line in i–l ratio graph indicates 1

, figureFileSmall=X+7zVhwZkxmOZOtjwM2lHg==, figureFileBig=fhCPusot/OxZ8C7w2NThEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368178990170678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图6, caption=涡旋生命周期(a、e、i)、半径(b、f、j)、振幅(e、g、k)和旋转速度(d、h、l)分布

a–d、e–h和i–l分别是累积曲线图、柱状图和气旋与反气旋的比值图,其中e–h行为不同极性涡旋占总涡旋的比值,i–l比值图中虚线表示1

, figureFileSmall=X+7zVhwZkxmOZOtjwM2lHg==, figureFileBig=fhCPusot/OxZ8C7w2NThEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179082445372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Spatial distribution of eddy radius (a, b), amplitude (c, d) and rotation velocity (e, f) in a 0.5°×0.5° grid

The upper and lower lines are cyclonic eddies and anticyclonic eddies respectively, and the black line contour line is 500 m isobath line

, figureFileSmall=DOsn26I4az4FdOcl1lDQKQ==, figureFileBig=umBCZdXu9uefJ+0uaZwL3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179204080197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图7, caption=涡旋半径(a,b)、振幅(c,d)和旋转速度(e,f)在0.5°×0.5°网格内的空间分布

上、下行分别为气旋和反气旋,黑色轮廓线为500 m等深线

, figureFileSmall=DOsn26I4az4FdOcl1lDQKQ==, figureFileBig=umBCZdXu9uefJ+0uaZwL3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179300549195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Interannual (a, c, e) and seasonal (b, d, f) variations of eddy radius (a, b), amplitude (c, d) and rotation velocity (e, f)

The shaded part is the statistical test, which is calculated by $\text{µ} \pm \sigma (t)/\sqrt {N(t)}$, $\text{µ}$ is the mean value, $\sigma $ is the standard deviation, and N is the data amount

, figureFileSmall=3qYoiFoVQTN4Zt4DWh/i3g==, figureFileBig=9EBn6jYSC9pXEEkPgmPstg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179426378325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图8, caption=半径(a,b)、振幅(c,d)和旋转速度(e,f)的年际变化(a,c,e)和月变化(b,d,f)

阴影部分为统计检验,由$\text{µ} \pm \sigma (t)/\sqrt {N(t)}$计算所得,$\text{µ}$表示为平均值,$\sigma $为标准差,N为数据量

, figureFileSmall=3qYoiFoVQTN4Zt4DWh/i3g==, figureFileBig=9EBn6jYSC9pXEEkPgmPstg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179535430234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Time evolution of the mean normalized eddy radius (a), amplitude (b) and rotation velocity (c)

The point is the actual result of each parameter, and the solid line is the Fourier fitting result of the corresponding parameter

, figureFileSmall=IdByKYr8K91/11CQlwUNGg==, figureFileBig=XJre/OVJDvGSvJB5W5b1YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179657065057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图9, caption=涡旋半径(a)、振幅(b)和旋转速度(c)随生命周期的演变

点为各参数的实际结果,实线则为对应参数的傅里叶拟合结果

, figureFileSmall=IdByKYr8K91/11CQlwUNGg==, figureFileBig=XJre/OVJDvGSvJB5W5b1YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179791282794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Schematic diagram of cyclonic eddies (a) and anticyclonic eddies (b) propagation in a 0.5°×0.5° grid

The arrow represents the relative propagation direction, and each line is the schematic diagram of different propagation paths

, figureFileSmall=RrctFrBn9KakSet3B7ZcUA==, figureFileBig=LfuOBW2qBqqBtXPO3oIayg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368179900334705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图10, caption=气旋(a)和反气旋(b)在0.5°×0.5°网格内的传播示意图

箭头代表相对传播方向,各线条为不同传播路径示意图

, figureFileSmall=RrctFrBn9KakSet3B7ZcUA==, figureFileBig=LfuOBW2qBqqBtXPO3oIayg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368180005192310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Zonal and meridional average propagation speeds of eddies

Eastward speed variation with latitude (a) and longitude (b). Northward speed variation with latitude (c) and longitude (d). The dotted line indicates that the speed is 0

, figureFileSmall=KQpEpEj92ydc1WyWvd1Xyw==, figureFileBig=mr8qF5nj76q47KunXxB41Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368180139410047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图11, caption=涡旋纬向和经向的平均传播速度

东向传播速度随纬度(a)、经度(b)的变化和北向传播速度随纬度(c)、经度(d)的变化。虚线表示速度零度线

, figureFileSmall=KQpEpEj92ydc1WyWvd1Xyw==, figureFileBig=mr8qF5nj76q47KunXxB41Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368180265239178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Probability distribution of relative trajectories of cyclonic eddies (a) and anticyclonic eddies (b) and eddies moving northward (c) and eastward (d)

The black dotted line is the zero line. y-axis in c and d is the ratio of eddies with different polarities to the total number of eddies

, figureFileSmall=e3WVs5s0H9+xzX3+og+ZHg==, figureFileBig=b3wt5RTYkxoF96tM84KjDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368180399456913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图12, caption=气旋(a)和反气旋(b)相对传播轨迹和涡旋北向(c)、东向(d)移动的概率分布

黑色虚线为零度线,c、d中纵坐标为不同极性涡旋占总涡旋数比值

, figureFileSmall=e3WVs5s0H9+xzX3+og+ZHg==, figureFileBig=b3wt5RTYkxoF96tM84KjDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368180491731607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=Spatial distribution of cyclonic eddies (a, c, e) and anticyclonic eddies (b, d, f) in a 0.5°×0.5° grid

a and b are eddy generation, c and d are eddy extinction, e and f are eddy generation-extinction ratio. The positive value is that the number of eddy generation is greater than the number of eddy extinction, and the value is the generation/extinction number. A negative value means that the number of eddies dying is greater than the number of generation, and the value is the number of eddies dying/number of generation

, figureFileSmall=vOpit1iMoLToyO15zkZZAQ==, figureFileBig=yh/H/VpZpKhRslHleXRQ7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368181901017761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图13, caption=气旋(a,c,e)和反气旋(b,d,f)在0.5°×0.5°的网格内的空间分布

a、b为涡旋产生,c、d为涡旋消亡,e、f为涡旋生消比值,正值表示涡旋生成数大于涡旋消亡数,值大小为生成数/消亡数;负值表示涡旋消亡数大于生成数,值大小为消亡数/生成数

, figureFileSmall=vOpit1iMoLToyO15zkZZAQ==, figureFileBig=yh/H/VpZpKhRslHleXRQ7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368182001681063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=Interannual variation (a, b) and monthly variation (c, d) of eddy generation and extinction

a and c represent the generation of eddies. b and d represent the extinction of eddies. y-axis is the ratio of eddies with different polarities to the total number of eddies

, figureFileSmall=g4PdEKFb8Sv83hYoQz1+8Q==, figureFileBig=oGAB3QvwP3yTR3KXlusDNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368182114927279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图14, caption=涡旋产生和消亡的年际变化(a,b)与月变化(c,d)

a、c表示涡旋产生,b、d表示涡旋消亡,纵坐标为不同极性涡旋占总涡旋数的比值

, figureFileSmall=g4PdEKFb8Sv83hYoQz1+8Q==, figureFileBig=oGAB3QvwP3yTR3KXlusDNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368182219784886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=EN, label=Fig. 15, caption=Interannual variation (a) and monthly variation (b) of the SST gradient in the study area

a. The middle black line represents the monthly average meridional SST gradient from 1993 to 2019, and the red line represents the 13-month moving average. b.The middle black line shows the seasonal variation of the meridional SST gradient, the red line shows the ratio of the average monthly number of anticyclonic eddies and the blue line shows the ratio of the average monthly number of cyclonic eddies. The CC value represents the correlation coefficient, SG represents the SST gradient, CG and AG represent the percentage of cyclone and anticyclone eddy generation respectively, and the apostrophe represents the correlation coefficient of each variable from June to December

, figureFileSmall=ebOelp6anr7Ud0rPBgfkzw==, figureFileBig=vO2x8JIZthbo9PoLeGyziA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225368182395945665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1224796866294993379, language=CN, label=图15, caption=研究区域内经向SST梯度的年际变化(a)和月变化(b)

a中黑线表示1993–2019年月平均经向SST梯度,红线表示13个月的滑动平均;b中黑线表示经向SST梯度的季节变化,红线表示反气旋的月平均产生数量比率,蓝线表示气旋的月平均产生数量比率。CC数值代表相关系数,SG表示SST梯度,CG和AG分别表示气旋和反气旋的产生百分比,撇号表示各变量6–12月的相关系数

, figureFileSmall=ebOelp6anr7Ud0rPBgfkzw==, figureFileBig=vO2x8JIZthbo9PoLeGyziA==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441459026210850, delFlag=0, nameCn=海洋学报, nameEn=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-4193, eissn=null, cn=11-2055/P, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=否, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262543687, updatedTime=1761729782936, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, picEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190344242636624294, language=CN, name=海洋学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, createdTime=1761729782971, updatedTime=1761729782971, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190344242712121767, language=EN, name=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.aosocean.com/, createdTime=1761729782989, updatedTime=1761729782989, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149651085930835976, websiteList=[Website(id=1188165202219512001, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761210259251, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210330879, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=海洋学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166688563413602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210613623, updateTime=1761210613623, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688538247775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210613617, updateTime=1761210613617, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688529859166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210613615, updateTime=1761210613615, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688555024993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761210613621, updateTime=1761210613621, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688546636384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761210613619, updateTime=1761210613619, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688575996515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210613626, updateTime=1761210613626, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688596968036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210613631, updateTime=1761210613631, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1188165202282426564, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761210259266, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210377920, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Haiyang Xuebao, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166798101856873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210639739, updateTime=1761210639739, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798076691046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210639733, updateTime=1761210639733, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798068302437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210639731, updateTime=1761210639731, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798093468264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761210639737, updateTime=1761210639737, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798085079655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761210639735, updateTime=1761210639735, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798106051178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210639740, updateTime=1761210639740, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798110245483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210639741, updateTime=1761210639741, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=海洋学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Haiyang Xuebao, journalPhotoCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPhotoEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2022035, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/10.12284/hyxb2022035, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2022035, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2022035, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
日本海中尺度涡旋时空变化特征研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
杨霄 1, 2 , 张永垂 3, * , 夏长水 2 , 董昌明 1, 4, * , 胡楠 3 , 汪浩笛 3 , 陈诗尧 3
海洋学报 | 论文 2022,44(6): 22-36
收起
收藏切换
海洋学报 | 论文 2022, 44(6): 22-36
日本海中尺度涡旋时空变化特征研究
全屏
杨霄1, 2 , 张永垂3, * , 夏长水2, 董昌明1, 4, * , 胡楠3, 汪浩笛3, 陈诗尧3
作者信息
  • 1.南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
  • 2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061
  • 3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073
  • 4.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东 珠海 519082
  • 杨霄(1997-),女,甘肃省庆阳市人,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

张永垂(1982-),男,江苏省沭阳县人,副教授,主要从事海洋环流动力学和海洋中尺度涡研究。E-mail:
董昌明(1967-),男,安徽省黄山市人,教授,主要从事物理海洋、海洋动力学和数值模拟研究。E-mail:
Spatiotemporal variations of mesoscale eddies in the Japan Sea
Xiao Yang1, 2 , Yongchui Zhang3, * , Changshui Xia2, Changming Dong1, 4, * , Nan Hu3, Haodi Wang3, Shiyao Chen3
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • 2. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
  • 3. College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
  • 4. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
出版时间: 2022-05-25 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022035
文章导航
收藏切换

本文利用1993–2019年基于海表面高度异常的涡旋数据集和高度计数据统计分析了日本海区域中尺度涡旋的大小、极性、生命周期、振幅、传播等表面特征的时空变化规律。27年间,共探测到1 429个涡旋,气旋和反气旋数量基本相当,其中气旋675个,反气旋754个。两种极性涡旋均具有较强的季节变化:秋季较多,冬季次之,春季最少。郁陵盆地、大和盆地等为涡旋多发区域呈现西南–东北向带状分布。其中,南部海域反气旋占优,靠近津轻海峡的北部海域气旋占优。西部和南部受东韩暖流和对马暖流的驱动,涡旋移动方向与流场基本一致,北部涡旋与黎曼寒流以及副极地锋流有关。研究表明,动力学不稳定是涡旋在秋冬季大量产生的重要原因。此外,半封闭盆地、局地流场以及复杂的海气相互作用等都可能会对涡旋的产生和消亡造成一定影响。

日本海  /  中尺度涡旋  /  表面特征  /  统计分析

In this paper, surface characteristics of mesoscale eddies in the Japan Sea (JES), including size, polarity, life cycle, amplitude, and trajectory, are analyzed by using eddy datasets and sea level anomaly altimeter data from 1993 to 2019. Over the 27-year period, a total of 1429 eddies were detected with nearly equal number of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies (CEs and AEs, respectively). Strong seasonal variability was observed for both polarities of eddy. The eddies were most generated in autumn, followed by winter and the least in the spring. Mesoscale eddies are prone to generate in the Ulleung Basin and Yamato Basin, which distributed in a southwest-northeast zonal belt. Among them, ACs are dominant in the southern JES, while CEs in the northern JES near the Tsugaru Strait. The western and southern movements of the mesoscale eddies were driven by the East Korean Warm Current and Tsushima Warm Current. In the northern JES, the mesoscale eddies were more related to the Liman cold current and subpolar front current. Further studies shown that dynamical instability is an important reason for the generation of eddies in autumn and winter. However, semi-enclosed basins, local flow fields, and complex air-sea interactions may all have a certain impact on the generation and dissipation of the mesoscale eddies.

the Japan Sea  /  mesoscale eddies  /  surface features  /  statistical analysis
杨霄, 张永垂, 夏长水, 董昌明, 胡楠, 汪浩笛, 陈诗尧. 日本海中尺度涡旋时空变化特征研究. 海洋学报, 2022 , 44 (6) : 22 -36 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2022035
Xiao Yang, Yongchui Zhang, Changshui Xia, Changming Dong, Nan Hu, Haodi Wang, Shiyao Chen. Spatiotemporal variations of mesoscale eddies in the Japan Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2022 , 44 (6) : 22 -36 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2022035
海洋是时刻流动着的各种不同尺度运动的叠加,包括了从海盆尺度的环流到中尺度的涡旋、锋面过程再到小尺度的湍流等不同时间、空间尺度的运动。与大尺度环流不同,直到20世纪70年代初,人们才逐渐对海洋中尺度现象有了一定的认识[1]。典型的中尺度现象包括中尺度涡旋、锋面、沿岸上升流等[2],其中,中尺度涡旋在大洋中普遍存在[3]。中尺度涡旋在时间尺度上跨越几十至上百天;在空间尺度上,从几十千米到几百千米不等。为深入了解中尺度涡的结构特征,国内外海洋学家从观测、数值模拟和理论分析等方面对其进行了研究[4-5]。随着卫星遥感的快速发展以及深度学习和人工智能技术的进步,全球及区域海洋中尺度涡旋研究成为热点[6-18]
日本海是西北太平洋一个半封闭的边缘海(图1a),其地理位置特殊,地形复杂,海气相互作用强烈,有着独特的环流结构(图1b),包括从对马海峡流入的对马暖流和海盆内部的气旋式环流[19],中尺度涡旋频发[20],海表温度季节变化明显,具有强烈的垂向水体交换,表现出明显的大洋特征,因此又被称为“微型海洋”。早前有关日本海中尺度涡旋的研究主要依赖于零星的遥感观测资料和航次实测资料,研究区域主要集中在西南部的郁陵盆地附近[21-25]
Jacobs等[26]利用TOPEX/POSEIDON(Topography Experiment/ Poseidon Monitored Global Ocean Circulation)卫星高度计数据和模式数据,研究了中尺度涡对日本海平均环流的影响,指出涡旋有助于极地锋面的输运和东韩暖流的分离。Morimoto等[27]通过海表面高度数据,研究了日本海中部及南部涡旋的空间分布及其季节变化。Ebuchi和Hanawa[28]使用7年的卫星高度计数据,探讨了日本海南部涡旋对黑潮路径的影响,发现气旋和反气旋可与黑潮发生相互作用进而导致黑潮路径的短期弯曲。Mitchell等[29]利用声学实测数据持续观察了多克岛周边的多克冷涡,对其生命演变及其导致的东韩暖流路径偏移的原因进行了详细的讨论。Lee和Niiler[30-31]使用海表面高度异常数据,基于绕角法探测了日本海10多年的中尺度涡旋,并利用浮标数据进行了验证,结果表明,郁陵盆地是涡旋的高发区,并将该区域涡旋系统分为3类,即韩国沿岸涡旋、沿惯性流的锋面涡旋以及郁陵暖涡/多克冷涡。Shin等[32]利用高度计及温盐深(Conductivity Temperature Depth,CTD)剖面仪数据分析了郁陵暖涡的时空变化规律,结果显示只有7%的郁陵暖涡与东韩暖流无关,由暖流驱动的涡旋均具有高温高盐的特性,生命周期较长,且内部结构随季节变化明显。除上述涡旋外,研究区域还存在着一些特殊涡旋—温跃层涡旋和异常涡旋。Hogan和Hurlburt[33]讨论了日本海温跃层涡旋的形成原因,该类型涡旋与反气旋稍有不同,上部在夏季呈暖水状[34]。各项研究表明,温跃层涡旋受季节性环流、地形、温暖的淡水输入以及上层水的再层化等影响。Young等[35]基于粒子跟踪实验,提出了一种新型的涡旋识别算法,并用于郁陵盆地内温跃层涡旋的探测,表明该类涡旋依赖于相对涡度,其形态受郁陵盆地的强烈影响,且在涡旋边缘伴随着较高的叶绿素浓度。Sun等[13]在北太平洋发现了异常涡旋结构,即气旋涡中心海表面温度高于涡旋周围,而反气旋则相反,并基于多源卫星数据统计分析了其时空特征和区域相关性,结果表明,日本海西南部及南部为暖核气旋涡的高发区,具有明显的季节变化,其形成可能与涡旋衰亡阶段的不稳定性或涡−涡相互作用有关。
综上所述,现有日本海涡旋的时空分布特征分析已较充分,但往往限于中尺度涡频发的特定区域和特殊涡旋展开研究,如日本海西部和南部涡旋以及与其相关的变化机制,有关整个海区及海区中部和北部涡旋的基本特性等还有待进一步的深入探究。随着卫星高度计观测资料的累积,为进一步探究日本海全海域、长时间涡旋的时空变化特征提供有效的数据支撑。本文利用基于海表面高度异常的涡旋数据集对日本海(31°~52°N,127°~143°E)1993–2019年中尺度涡的时空变化规律和基本特征进行统计分析,并结合AVISO(Archiving Validation and Interpolation of Satellite Oceanographic Data)高度计数据和海表温度数据(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)探讨涡旋的各项特征变化及其与大洋涡旋的异同点。
中尺度涡旋时空演变及各物理特征分析研究采用AVISO发布的一套基于逐日海表面高度异常(Sea Level Anomaly,SLA)数据,并利用新型涡旋识别算法得到的全球中尺度涡数据产品[6-7]。该数据集时间跨度为1993年1月1日至2019年10月15日,包括中尺度涡的生命周期、中心位置、半径、振幅、旋转速度等基本特征信息。该产品已广泛应用于边缘海以及大洋等不同区域的中尺度涡特征研究[36-40]
海表特征信息采用了哥白尼海洋环境监测中心 (Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service,CMEMS)的多源卫星融合高度计资料,即海表面高度异常数据,该资料主要由TOPEX/POSEIDON、Jason-1和ERS/Envisat(European Remote Sensing Satellite/ Environmental Satellite)等多卫星数据融合而成,提供了近实时(Near-Real-Time,NRT)和延迟时间(Delayed Time,DT)的测高产品。近实时资料可以为业务应用提供及时的高度计产品,而延时资料则可为海洋学研究提供质量更高的高度计产品,更加真实地表征海表面高度和地转流速。本研究选用时段为1993年1月1日至2019年12月31日,基于空间尺度分辨率为(1/4)°×(1/4)°的逐日数据集,包括海表面高度异常、绝对地转速度、地转速度异常等。
海表面温度采用来自美国国家航空航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration,NASA)的高分辨率辐射仪(Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer,AVHRR)红外探测数据,其空间分辨率为25 km×25 km,时间分辨率为1 d,研究选用时段为1993年1月1日至2019年12月31日。
涡旋数据产品基于海表面高度的闭合轮廓识别和跟踪涡旋轨迹。根据SLA的局部极大值点设置阈值的初始值,并以此点为基础以一定值不断减小阈值,直至其相邻像素的SLA数值大于该阈值,即识别到反气旋涡;气旋涡则相反。其中,每个时间步长的最外侧闭合轮廓的海表面高度和内部极值之差定义为涡旋振幅,该闭合轮廓线内区域即为涡旋。涡旋旋转速度定义为旋涡内所有速度的平均,涡旋半径定义为与涡旋旋转速度围成区域面积相同的圆的半径。具体方法描述见文献[7]。
涡动能(Eddy Kinetic Energy,EKE)为表征涡旋能量高低的度量参数,其空间分布有利于能量源和汇的分析。基于SLA数据,计算涡动能的公式为
$ {{{\rm{EKE}}}} = \frac{1}{2}({u^{'2}} + {v^{'2}}), $
式中,$ {u'} $、$ {v'} $分别为纬向地转速度和经向地转速度异常,其计算公式为
$ {u'} = - \frac{g}{f}\left(\frac{{\partial {h'}}}{{\partial y}}\right), $
$ {v'} = \frac{g}{f}\left(\frac{{\partial {h'}}}{{\partial x}}\right),$
式中,$ {h'} $为海表面高度异常;gf分别为重力加速度和科氏参数。
涡旋空间分布强度可用EKE和海表面高度异常均方根(Root Mean Square of the SLA,SLA RMS)来表征。从海表面地转速度异常得到整个研究区域的EKE和SLA RMS多年平均空间分布见图2。涡旋活跃区整体呈现西南−东北走向,基本沿对马暖流流轴分布[41]。其中,有4个局地大值区域,分别为郁陵盆地、大和盆地西部和中部以及津轻海峡西北部。尤其是郁陵盆地和大和盆地的EKE远高于其他区域,最高达325.1 cm2/s2,SLA RMS则达38.5 cm。郁陵盆地和大和盆地交界处的EKE和SLA RMS较盆地内部低,而日本海北部(40°~52°N,133°~142°E)为EKE和SLA RMS低值区。
图3为涡动能和海表面高度异常均方根随时间变化图。图3a为面积加权后的平均年际变化。可以发现,EKE大多数集中在70~100 cm2/s2,在1995年、1999年、2001年、2004年、2010年、2013年、2017年和2019年EKE较强,最高可达119.17 cm2/s2;而1996年、2006年、2008年较弱。SLA RMS的变化与EKE相似,但个别年份与EKE趋势相反,如1994–1996年、2006年、2012年以及2016年。图3b为面积加权后的线性增长率。两个物理量的线性增长率也进一步表明了两者的相似性。值得注意的是,除2002年、2004年、2006–2007年、2010–2014年、2018–2019年,其他年份SLA RMS的增长率均大于EKE。其中,EKE增长较快的1998年、2002年、2014年及2016年为强厄尔尼诺(El Niño)年,尤其是1997–1998年为1950年以来最强,相应地EKE和SLA RMS值也为时段内的局部峰值。拉尼娜(La Niña)现象则与参数值较小的2000年、2008年有一定的相关性。由此可见,日本海地区EKE和SLA RMS的年际变化可能与厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象有一定程度的联系。
图3c图3d为涡旋活动强度的季节变化,与年际变化相同,EKE与SLA RMS的变化趋势基本一致,均表现为上半年低,下半年高的特征,峰值分别在9月和10月,增长率在8月达到最高,约为55.9%。不同的是,春季(3–5月)两者趋势相反,SLA RMS的增长较弱。
有两种定义涡旋数量的方法:拉格朗日法和欧拉法。前者将涡旋整个生命周期视作一个涡旋;后者则为每个时刻所识别出区域内的所有涡旋。在1993–2019年的27年间,基于拉格朗日法共探测到中尺度涡旋1 429个,其中气旋涡旋675个,反气旋涡旋754个,反气旋数多于气旋数约11.7%。基于欧拉方法探测到涡旋98 390个,其中气旋和反气旋分别为45 321个和53 069个,反气旋数多于气旋数约17.1%。对中尺度涡旋活跃的郁陵盆地和大和盆地统计表明,用拉格日法在郁陵盆地(35°~40°N,127°~134°E)识别出237(241)个气旋(反气旋),分别占整个日本海区域的35.1%和32.0%;欧拉法识别出的气旋和反气旋分别为16 292和18 273个。大和盆地(35°~42°N,134°~141°E)的中尺度涡旋数量少于郁陵盆地,基于拉格朗日法(欧拉法)共计气旋204(15 873)个,反气旋248(17 561)个。
由以上统计结果可知,日本海反气旋涡和气旋涡数量基本相当,前者约多12%~17%;大多数中尺度涡旋集中在郁陵盆地和大和盆地。为了更好地理解涡旋的时空变化特征,下文将对不同极性涡旋的几何特征,如尺寸、中心位置(经度和纬度)、振幅、旋转速度、移动规律以及生消特征等方面进行研究。
首先对基于拉格朗日法识别到涡旋的时空分布、尺寸、生命周期、振幅等物理特征进行分析。图4a为中尺度涡旋的年际变化。每年涡旋数约为256个,除1996年、2009–2012年、2015年,其他年份的反气旋均多于气旋。气旋数量约为反气旋数的89.5%,尤其在2000年、2014年、2018–2019年,气旋显著少于反气旋。同时2009–2012年气旋连续反常增多以及2017–2019年与反气旋相差变大,也值得进一步研究。虽然涡旋数量无明显的线性变化趋势,但其具有3~5年的周期,如1993–1996年为第一个小周期,涡旋数量整体呈峰状;1996–2000年为第二个周期,由此类推。结合图3a可以发现,反气旋数量与EKE在1995年、2001年、2004年、2010年、2017年有较好的一致性,同时计算发现,反气旋平均EKE比气旋大约32.1%,在上述年份更为显著,表明EKE中反气旋涡占大部分。图4b为涡旋的月变化,可以发现涡旋数量呈逐渐上升趋势,且反气旋更加明显,其中9–11月的涡旋数量最多,12月至次年2月次之,6–8月最少。同时可以看到,所有月份的反气旋数量均多于气旋,在春季和秋季尤为突出;6–8月两种极性涡旋数基本相当。两种极性涡旋的季节变化与EKE和SLA RMS的变化趋势相近,均为秋季最高,气旋和反气旋分别于9月和10月达到最大值。
为更清楚地了解涡旋在不同区域的分布情况,将研究区域划分为0.1°×0.1°的格点(约100 km2),筛选出基于每个时刻的涡旋数量,得到气旋45 321个,反气旋53 069个。两种极性涡旋空间分布相近(图5),整体呈倾斜的“J”状,涡旋频发区域为日本海南部郁陵盆地、大和盆地以及北海道岛西侧,与图2a图2b高值区基本一致。反气旋的空间分布范围更广,最北可达48.5°N。区域内每个格点最多可出现涡旋90个。相比而言,日本海西北部,尤其是日本盆地中部(43°~45°N,135°~148°E)以及北部(47°~51°N,139°~142°E)的涡旋较少。大陆边缘处涡旋数量较少可能是受水深较浅影响,而高纬度地区涡旋数量较少可能与较弱的平均流有关。
图6左列给出了基于整个生命周期(不小于20 d)涡旋的数量变化,可以发现随着时间的增长,数量逐渐减小,约有一半涡旋的生命周期位于40~70 d。其中,气旋和反气旋的平均生命周期分别为67.1 d和70.4 d。由气旋/反气旋生命周期比值(图6i)可知,对于短生命周期(小于120 d)和长生命周期(大于240 d)反气旋略多于气旋;而在生命周期长于150 d并小于180 d时,气旋较多。从不同半径涡旋的数量分布可以发现(图6f),涡旋整体呈偏态分布,在半径为60 km处数量达到最大。反气旋和气旋的平均半径分别为64.7 km和66.8 km。对于较小半径(小于70 km),反气旋多于气旋涡(约多8.9%);对于较大半径(90~140 km),气旋略占优势。从涡旋振幅直方图(图6g)可知,反气旋和气旋的平均振幅分别为8.0 cm和7.7 cm。对于小振幅(10~26 cm),反气旋多于气旋;对于大振幅(大于26 cm),气旋明显多于反气旋。图6最右列为涡旋的旋转速度统计结果。气旋和反气旋均呈偏态分布,但峰值差异明显,气旋约为16 cm/s,反气旋约为22 cm/s。两种极性涡旋的平均旋转速度相近,气旋和反气旋分别为23.0 cm/s和22.9 cm/s。
与上述研究方法相似,将研究区域分为0.5°×0.5°网格(约2 500 km2),分别对涡旋的半径、振幅和旋转速度3种参数进行统计(图7)。可以看出,日本海中部及南部涡旋半径主要分布在60~75 km范围,大值区位于大和盆地西侧和郁陵盆地。值得注意的是,日本海北部涡旋半径较大,但由涡旋数量分布(图5)可以发现,该区域涡旋数量较少,可能是由较大的个体差异导致。在日本海南部(36°~42°N),气旋和反气旋的半径基本相当,都随纬度的增加呈减小趋势。上述变化趋势可以由浮力频率与第一斜压罗斯贝半径的关系得到验证。Chen等[42]分析得出,中尺度涡旋半径随纬度的变化与罗斯贝半径大体相近。涡旋振幅与旋转速度分布基本一致,两者都表现为反气旋显著大于气旋。除郁陵盆地西部存在较大旋转速度的气旋,其他大值区均集中在郁陵盆地中部和大和盆地,且在40°N以北有显著减小的趋势。由上可知,在日本海区域内反气旋的物理特征更加显著。
图8左列为涡旋几何参数的年际变化,不同极性涡旋半径随时间无明显线性趋势。反气旋的半径变化较气旋幅度偏大。2002年、2007–2009年反气旋半径为峰值。涡旋振幅和旋转速度的年际变化基本相同,气旋和反气旋之间相差不大,但在2002–2004年、2005–2009年、2012–2013年以及2014–2015年,两种极性涡旋呈现相反变化。图8右列为各参数的季节变化,气旋和反气旋涡整体趋势相似,即夏末和秋冬季为高值,春季为低值。其中,气旋和反气旋半径在1–5月呈同步趋势,均表现为春季较小,气旋在8月达到局部峰值,反气旋则在6月和10月达到局部峰值。此外,尺寸涡旋多存在于夏末和冬季,较小涡旋则多发于春季。涡旋振幅和旋转速度的年内变化基本一致,反气旋较气旋更显著,大值多存在于秋冬季,较小振幅和旋转速度的涡旋则集中在春夏季。
就单个生命周期(拉格朗日涡旋)而言,可以将涡旋从产生到消亡分为4个阶段,即生成阶段(0~0.1),增强阶段(0.1~0.3),成熟阶段(0.3~0.8),衰亡阶段(0.8~1)。利用上述标准分别对675个气旋和754个反气旋的涡旋半径、涡旋振幅以及旋转速度在不同生命阶段的演变情况进行归一化。如图9所示,涡旋的半径、振幅、旋转速度的变化趋势基本一致,均呈现先逐渐增加后逐渐减小的单峰状结构。两种极性涡旋的振幅基本重合,但随着生命周期的增加,气旋和反气旋半径的差别先逐渐增大后减小,而旋转速度则为持续减少。总体上,气旋半径变化曲线的上凸程度大于反气旋,而反气旋旋转速度的变化大于气旋。两种极性涡旋在衰亡期逐渐接近。3种参数在涡旋的形成期和衰亡期变化都较激烈,在增强期和成熟期相对平缓。
中尺度涡旋在运动过程中可输运海水,进而影响物质、能量、动量等的传输。涡旋传播的速度和方向一般情况下受平均流控制,但复杂的海气相互作用会对涡旋运动产生影响。同样将研究区域划分为0.5°×0.5°网格(约2 500 km2)以展示气旋和反气旋的传播方向及速度大小,箭头代表相应网格的平均传播方向(图10)。反气旋的平均传播速度为5.6 cm/s,气旋为6.6 cm/s。涡旋在郁陵盆地和大和盆地的传播速度较慢,日本海盆的中部和东北部较快。由于移动速度以格点为单位进行统计,因此北部出现的高值可能与涡旋数量少,个体差异较大有关。对于传播方向而言,自南至北气旋可分为3部分(图10a)。第一部分位于39°N以南区域,以对马海峡为起点,气旋分别沿韩国东部和本州岛移动,其中沿韩国东岸移动的气旋于39°N附近顺时针弯曲,而沿本州岛移动的气旋则先分为两股向东北传播,后又重合向西北方向传播。第二部分为42°N附近海域,气旋自西向东移动至津轻海峡。第三部分则为43°N以北海域,气旋沿俄罗斯沿岸向西南方向传播。结合图1b日本海表层环流结构,气旋涡移动路径分别与EKWC的分支、OB/NB、SPFC以及LCC有较好的相关性。反气旋涡的运动较气旋涡更加明显(图10b),在大和盆地基本呈沿海岸线向东北移动,与NB的移动路径一致;北海道岛西部和西北部向西南移动,整体为逆时针,速度较大的涡旋同样分布在日本海盆中部。郁陵盆地涡旋移动较为复杂,自36°N附近分别以北向、逆时针、东北向3种方向移动,部分与沿岸的EKWC一致。两种极性涡旋在本州岛沿岸附近传播路径重合,均呈东北向移动至津轻海峡后向西北方向偏移,与Lee 和 Niiler[30]的研究结果一致。此外,日本盆地中部和北部的涡旋传播方向较为无序,这可能与地形和洋流的影响作用有关[43]
图11为日本海涡旋东向和北向传播速度随经纬度的变化情况(向东和向北为正)。从图中可以看出,除了副极地锋区(33°~40°N,129°~131°E),大部分涡旋都向东传播,最大可达4.1 cm/s。东向传播速度随纬度的增加逐渐减小。气旋和反气旋相似,但反气旋平均传播速度稍大于气旋且整体变化幅度强于气旋。随着经度的增加,涡旋东向传播速度逐渐增加,且气旋传播速度的增长幅度大于反气旋,随后由于陆地的阻挡,传播方向转变为西向。追踪涡旋发现,南北向的传播速度同样也随经度变化较明显。图11d中,反气旋主要向北传播,而气旋则变化不明显。133°E以东,随着经度的增加反气旋传播速度逐渐增加,并在138°E左右方向出现了突变,随后向北加快传播;气旋则转向南传播。图11a图11c大体相似,不论是东向还是北向的传播速度随纬度的变化均大于随经度的变化,且均在40°N附近发生偏转。
进一步将两种极性涡旋的起点位置初始化为原点(0°N,0°E),分别统计相对于纬度和经度的传播轨迹情况(图12a图12b)(向东和向北为正)。结果显示,气旋平均传播距离为90.3 km,反气旋为82.7 km,两种极性涡旋的平均经度分别为0.35°和0.11°,气旋向赤道和极地方向移动的平均角度为0.49°和0.52°,反气旋则为0.44°和0.54°,即涡旋均表现出向极地传播的角度大于向赤道传播的特征,反气旋移动角度略大于气旋。图12c显示,有61.4%的气旋和79.8%的反气旋向赤道传播。对于纬向运动而言(图12d),向东移动的反气旋和气旋比例分别为42.8%和47.2%,而向西移动的反气旋和气旋基本相当。
为更清楚地了解涡旋的产生和消亡,将基于每个生命周期(拉格朗日法)所探测到的每个涡旋的首次和末次探测定义为涡旋的产生时刻和消亡时刻。两种极性涡旋的生成和消亡分布如图13所示。气旋和反气旋的产生较为相似,大都分布在郁陵盆地、大和盆地以及北海道岛西侧(43.5°~46°N,139°~141°E),大和隆起海域也有较多涡旋产生,可能与地形[44]以及风吹过岛屿产生的岛屿尾涡有关 [24,27]。与气旋不同,北部的反气旋较多,在44°N附近存在涡旋高生成区。图13c图13d显示西部、东南部以及津轻海峡附近是涡旋消亡最多的海域,自南向北呈带状分布,这可能与较弱的环流和陆地的阻挡作用有关[45]
将涡旋的生消比值进行统计可以发现,总体呈块状分布(图13e)。在郁陵盆地及日本海西部,气旋的生成数多于消亡数;而大和盆地则相反,越靠近本州岛消亡越明显。反气旋整体分布与气旋略为不同:在西北部和西南部,表现为消亡数多于生成数;在大和盆地与气旋相似;在45°N以北反气旋较多生成。结合图12涡旋的传播轨迹,传播方向及速度决定了大多数涡旋在东边界附近消亡。
图14为日本海涡旋产生和消亡随时间的变化。从图14a图14b中可以看出,2000年之前,不论是产生还是消亡,反气旋数量均多于气旋。从涡旋的产生来看,平均每年可产生25个气旋和27个反气旋。2001年、2007年、2009–2011年、2015年产生气旋较多,1995年、2013年、2018–2019年则相反。对反气旋而言,2000年、2003年、2005年、2010年、2013年、2017年数量较多,2002年、2009年、2012年较少。两种极性涡旋在2010年均达到局部峰值。从涡旋消亡的趋势来看,气旋和反气旋趋势相似,数量较多的年份几乎一致。图14c图14d显示为涡旋生命状态的季节变化。反气旋较气旋的产生有明显的变化趋势,春季、夏季、秋季有较多的反气旋产生,并在3月和7月达到最高;而气旋呈平稳状态,夏季后期和秋季有较小幅度的上升,在1月和12月变化明显。除去冬季,其他时期的反气旋皆多于气旋,与全球涡旋产生趋势相反[6]。两种极性涡旋的消亡趋势不同于生成趋势,反气旋在春夏季以及11月、12月明显多于气旋,在1月、8月、10月较少,气旋则多消亡于1月、5月、10月,在4月、7月、11月较少。
图14可知,两种极性涡旋生消的时间变化存在差异,反气旋涡旋的生成有着较强的季节性变化。前人研究指出,斜压不稳定是形成涡旋的重要因素[4,42,46-47],研究发现东北边界流和南向流动的不稳定性可诱发韩国东部沿海涡旋产生[30]。为进一步阐述斜压不稳定机制的作用,对1993–2019年海表面温度梯度与涡旋生成之间的相关性进行分析。图15的平均海表面温度经向梯度表现出强烈的年际变化和季节变化。图15a年际变化显示SST经向梯度在2001–2004年、2016年相对较小,对应图14a中相应年份涡旋产生也较少。SST经向梯度的季节变化与涡旋变化相似。其中梯度与反气旋的相关系数为0.55(p=0.05),与气旋的相关系数为0.39(p=0.29),分别呈显著相关和低度相关(0~±0.3为微弱相关,±0.3~±0.5为低度相关,±0.5~±0.8为显著相关,±0.8~±1.0为高度相关[48])。同时发现,夏末和秋冬季(6–12月)SST经向梯度与涡旋产生趋势基本一致,呈单峰状,与反气旋和气旋的相关系数分别可达0.92(p=0.003 4)和0.62(p=0.1)。反气旋与SST经向梯度之间的显著相关说明动力学不稳定是涡旋尤其是反气旋秋冬季大量生成的主要原因。
本文基于1993–2019年涡旋数据集以及SLA数据,利用欧拉和拉格朗日法分别对涡旋基本特征进行了统计分析,包括生命周期、传播速度、时空变化、产生与消亡等物理特性,以及半径、振幅、旋转速度等的演变。拉格朗日统计结果表明,日本海区域共存在中尺度涡旋1 429个,其中气旋675个,反气旋754个。基于欧拉方法,共探测到涡旋98 390个,其中气旋和反气旋分别为45 321个和53 069个,反气旋数量略多于气旋。从空间分布来看,涡旋多活跃于郁陵盆地、大和盆地,北部则较少。从年际变化来看,27年间涡旋数量并无明显变化,数量较多和较少年份与厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象可能存在一定的相关性。但涡旋数量存在显著的季节变化,秋季最多,春季和冬季次之,夏季最少,这可能与当地的季风和环流有关。相关研究发现,反气旋多在郁陵盆地春季产生,随后沿海岸向东移动,伴随着涡旋的合并和分裂[24,27]。进一步对涡旋时空演变进行分析,发现在中短期涡旋中,反气旋数量占优。涡旋振幅和旋转速度的大值区与涡旋分布相似,集中在西部和西南部。半径则与前两者不同,北部存在大于西部和南部的涡旋。与Chelton 等[7]的全球涡旋统计相比,日本海涡旋半径和振幅略小,而旋转速度较大。将涡旋生命周期归一化,发现涡旋的多项参数都有着大致相似的演变趋势,即涡旋的产生阶段和消亡阶段有较大的变化,而中期较稳定。
对日本海涡旋的移动规律进行分析发现,涡旋整体沿西南–东北方向传播,速度较大出现在北部,且反气旋和气旋均表现出向赤道移动的小偏转。Chelton等[7]对全球涡旋研究发现,由于$ \beta $效应,涡旋轨迹呈强烈的西向传播,气旋整体向极地移动而反气旋向赤道移动。本研究显示,日本海大多数涡旋向东或东北向移动,与全球涡旋总体传播趋势不同。日本海区域涡旋的传播除了受$ \beta $效应影响,还与局地的环流、地形和季风等因素有关。日本海地形复杂且环流结构独特,将上层环流和地形与涡旋传播轨迹相对应,可以发现涡旋沿环流移动,其中38°N以南,涡旋的传播轨迹与东韩暖流和对马暖流的近岸、离岸两分支相一致。而气旋在42°N附近的东向流动和43°N以北的西南向流动也与副极地锋流和黎曼寒流相一致。同时反气旋于38°N,134°E附近的逆时针传播与大和隆起相对应,涡旋可能受到局地地形的影响后而发生偏转。虽然郁陵暖涡的平均传播为东北向,但部分涡旋表现出沿朝鲜海岸向北移动的趋势,这与Shin等[49]的研究一致。
最后,利用海表面温度数据验证了动力学不稳定是日本海涡旋生成的主要原因之一。结果显示,在6–12月,海表面温度梯度与反气旋和气旋的产生数量分别呈高度相关和显著相关。由于数据的局限性,本研究仅对斜压不稳定做了分析。而通常情况下,涡旋的产生会受到多种机制影响。此外,日本海地形复杂,岛屿众多,地形、洋流和风场的相互作用也可能会对涡旋产生造成一定的影响,具体机制还有待进一步的研究。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0604100)
  • 国家自然科学基金(41406003)
  • 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130064)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
Robinson A R. Eddies in Marine Science[M]. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1983: 609.
2
李立. 南海中尺度海洋现象研究概述[J]. 台湾海峡, 2002, 21(2): 265−274.
Li Li. A review on mesoscale oceanographical phenomena in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 2002, 21(2): 265−274.
3
Wang Huizan, Liu Ding, Zhang Weimin, et al. Characterizing the capability of mesoscale eddies to carry drifters in the northwest Pacific[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(6): 1711−1728.
4
Holland W R. The role of mesoscale eddies in the general circulation of the ocean—numerical experiments using a wind-driven quasi-geostrophic model[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1978, 8(3): 363−392.
5
McWilliams J C, Flierl G R. On the evolution of isolated, nonlinear vortices[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1979, 9(6): 1155−1182.
6
Chelton D B, Schlax M G, Samelson R M, et al. Global observations of large oceanic eddies[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2007, 34(15): L15606.
7
Chelton D B, Schlax M G, Samelson R M. Global observations of nonlinear mesoscale eddies[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2011, 91(2): 167−216.
8
Gruber N, Lachkar Z, Frenzel H, et al. Eddy-induced reduction of biological production in eastern boundary upwelling systems[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2011, 4(11): 787−792.
9
Liu Yu, Dong Changming, Guan Yuping, et al. Eddy analysis in the subtropical zonal band of the North Pacific Ocean[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2012, 68: 54−67.
10
Petersen M R, Williams S J, Maltrud M E, et al. A three-dimensional eddy census of a high-resolution global ocean simulation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2013, 118(4): 1759−1774.
11
Dong Changming, McWilliams J C, Liu Yu, et al. Global heat and salt transports by eddy movement[J]. Nature Communications, 2014, 5(1): 3294.
12
Sun Wenjin, Dong Changming, Wang Ruyun, et al. Vertical structure anomalies of oceanic eddies in the Kuroshio Extension region[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2017, 122(2): 1476−1496.
13
Sun Wenjin, Dong Changming, Tan Wei, et al. Statistical characteristics of cyclonic warm-core eddies and anticyclonic cold-core eddies in the north Pacific based on remote sensing data[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(2): 208.
14
Lguensat R, Sun Miao, Fablet R, et al. EddyNet: a deep neural network for pixel-wise classification of oceanic eddies[C]//Proceedings of the IGARSS 2018·2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Valencia: IEEE, 2018: 1764−1767.
15
Xu Guangjun, Cheng Cheng, Yang Wenxian, et al. Oceanic eddy identification using an AI scheme[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(11): 1349.
16
Duo Zijun, Wang Wenke, Wang Huizan. Oceanic mesoscale eddy detection method based on deep learning[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(16): 1921.
17
Santana O J, Hernández-Sosa D, Martz J, et al. Neural network training for the detection and classification of oceanic mesoscale eddies[J]. Remote Sensing, 2020, 12(16): 2625.
18
Yang Xiao, Xu Guangjun, Liu Yu, et al. Multi-source data analysis of mesoscale eddies and their effects on surface chlorophyll in the Bay of Bengal[J]. Remote Sensing, 2020, 12(21): 3485.
19
Park K A, Park J E, Choi B J, et al. An oceanic current map of the east sea for science textbooks based on scientific knowledge acquired from oceanic measurements[J]. The Sea: Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, 2013, 18(4): 234−265.
20
Ichiye T, Takano K. Mesoscale eddies in the Sea of Japan[J]. La Mer, 1988, 26: 69−76.
21
Tanioka K. On the east Korean Warm Current (Tosen Warm Current)[J]. Oceanographical Magazine, 1968, 20: 31−38.
22
Kim K, Legeckis R. Branching of the Tsushima current in 1981–83[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 1986, 17(3/4): 265−276.
23
Isoda Y, Saitoh S I. The northward intruding eddy along the east coast of Korea[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1993, 49(4): 443−458.
24
Isoda Y. Warm eddy movements in the eastern Japan Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1994, 50(1): 1−15.
25
Lie H J, Byun S K, Bang I, et al. Physical structure of eddies in the southwestern East Sea[J]. Journal of the Korean Society Oceanography, 1995, 30(3): 170−183.
26
Jacobs G A, Hogan P J, Whitmer K R. Effects of eddy variability on the circulation of the Japan/East Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1999, 55(2): 247−256.
27
Morimoto A, Yanagi T, Kaneko A. Eddy field in the Japan Sea derived from satellite altimetric data[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 2000, 56(4): 449−462.
28
Ebuchi N, Hanawa K. Influence of mesoscale eddies on variations of the Kuroshio path south of Japan[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 2003, 59(1): 25−36.
29
Mitchell D A, Teague W J, Wimbush M, et al. The Dok cold eddy[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2005, 35(3): 273−288.
30
Lee D K, Niiler P P. The energetic surface circulation patterns of the Japan/East Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2005, 52(11/13): 1547−1563.
31
Lee D K, Niiler P. Eddies in the southwestern East/Japan Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2010, 57(10): 1233−1242.
32
Shin H R, Kim I, Kim D, et al. Physical characteristics and classification of the Ulleung warm eddy in the East Sea (Japan Sea)[J]. The Sea: Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, 2019, 24(2): 298−317.
33
Hogan P J, Hurlburt H E. Why do intrathermocline eddies form in the Japan/East Sea? A modeling perspective[J]. Oceanography, 2006, 19(3): 134−143.
34
Gordon A L, Giulivi C F, Lee C M, et al. Japan/East Sea intrathermocline eddies[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2002, 32(6): 1960−1974.
35
Yong H J, Jang G C, Jinku P. Physical boundaries of intrathermocline Ulleung eddies in the East/Japan Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2017, 143: 15−23.
36
Gaube P, McGillicuddy Jr D J, Chelton D B, et al. Regional variations in the influence of mesoscale eddies on near-surface chlorophyll[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2014, 119(12): 8195−8220.
37
Dufois F, Hardman-Mountford N J, Greenwood J, et al. Anticyclonic eddies are more productive than cyclonic eddies in subtropical gyres because of winter mixing[J]. Science Advances, 2016, 2(5): e1600282.
38
Maúre E R, Ishizaka J, Sukigara C, et al. Mesoscale eddies control the timing of spring phytoplankton blooms: a case study in the Japan Sea[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2017, 44(21): 11115−11124.
39
赵新华, 侯一筠, 刘泽, 等. 基于卫星高度计和浮标漂流轨迹的海洋涡旋特征信息对比分析[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2019, 50(4): 759−764.
Zhao Xinhua, Hou Yijun, Liu Ze, et al. Analysis of the global eddies based on altimeter snapshots and buoy drifting trajectory data[J]. Journal of Oceanologia and Limnologia, 2019, 50(4): 759−764.
40
Meng Yao, Liu Hailong, Lin Pengfei, et al. Oceanic mesoscale eddy in the Kuroshio extension: comparison of four datasets[J]. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 2020, 14(1): 100011.
41
Teague W J, Jacobs G A, Ko D S, et al. Connectivity of the Taiwan, Cheju, and Korea straits[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2003, 23(1): 63−77.
42
Chen Gengxin, Wang Dongxiao, Hou Yijun. The features and interannual variability mechanism of mesoscale eddies in the Bay of Bengal[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2012, 47: 178−185.
43
Takematsu M, Ostrovski A G, Nagano Z. Observations of eddies in the Japan Basin interior[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1999, 55(2): 237−246.
44
Kim C H, Lie H J, Chu K S. On the intermediate water in the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan)[J]. Elsevier Oceanography Series, 1991, 54: 129−141.
45
Arruda W Z, Nof D, O’Brien J J. Does the Ulleung eddy owe its existence to β and nonlinearities?[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2004, 51(12): 2073−2090.
46
Rhines P B. Vorticity Dynamics of the oceanic general circulation[J]. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 1986, 18(1): 433−497.
47
Zhong Yisen, Bracco A, Villareal T A. Pattern formation at the ocean surface: Sargassum distribution and the role of the eddy field[J]. Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments, 2012, 2(1): 12−27.
48
Rodgers J L, Nicewander W A. Thirteen ways to look at the correlation coefficient[J]. The American Statistician, 1988, 42(1): 59−66.
49
Shin H R, Shin C W, Kim C, et al. Movement and structural variation of warm eddy WE92 for three years in the western East/Japan Sea[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2005, 52(11/13): 1742−1762.
2022年第44卷第6期
PDF下载
182
76
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022035
  • 接收时间:2021-05-09
  • 首发时间:2026-02-01
  • 出版时间:2022-05-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-09
  • 修回日期:2021-09-16
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0604100)
国家自然科学基金(41406003)
江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130064)
作者信息
    1.南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
    2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061
    3.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙 410073
    4.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东 珠海 519082

通讯作者:

张永垂(1982-),男,江苏省沭阳县人,副教授,主要从事海洋环流动力学和海洋中尺度涡研究。E-mail:
董昌明(1967-),男,安徽省黄山市人,教授,主要从事物理海洋、海洋动力学和数值模拟研究。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2022035
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏