Article(id=1212062659541865004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1212062657901892140, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2023152, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1681142400000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-11, revisedDate=1689868800000, revisedDateStr=2023-07-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766907857070, onlineDateStr=2025-12-28, pubDate=1701273600000, pubDateStr=2023-11-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766907857070, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766907857070, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766907857070, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1212062657901892140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2023', volume='45', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='87', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766907856679, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766924796702, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212133709554258162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1212062657901892140, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212133709554258163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1212062657901892140, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=62, endPage=75, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1212062659759968813, articleId=1212062659541865004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Implications for magmatic evolution of changes in plagioclase composition in the 26°S basalts, Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The composition and texture characteristics of plagioclase in basalt from the 26°S hydrothermal field of the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge provide an important basis for the study of magmatic evolution characteristics. On the basis of observing the petrography of basalt and analyzing the composition of plagioclase, the structure and composition of plagioclase at different stages are compared to explore the process of magma evolution. The results show that the study area is mainly composed of porphyritic basalt, and plagioclase porphyries are commonly characterized by glomerocryst structures, oscillatory-zoned, dissolved and resorbed rim, and growth structures. The plagioclase in the matrix is mainly acicular and swallow-tailed crystals; the basalts in the SMAR-26°S hydrothermal zone are mainly sodium tholeiitic basalts. In the early stage of magma evolution, bytownite was mainly formed, while in the late stage, labradorite was mainly formed. Throughout the entire evolution process, the content of CaO and Al2O3 decreases, while the content of SiO2, Na2O, FeO, and MgO increases; from the core to rim of plagioclase phenocrysts and then to plagioclase microcrystalline in the matrix, the An values decreases overall. The An values in the rim of plagioclase phenocryst partially overlaps with the An values of plagioclase microlites in the matrix, resulting in a gradual decrease in temperature. These represent the changes from the magma origin area to magma eruption. After the formation of mantle magma, it rapidly rises and erupts to form basalt. During the upwelling process, it may undergo the process of decompression accompanied by volatiles escaping, dissolving in the deep, supersaturated crystallizing of the melt, mixing of low-Si same sourced magma, and syn-eruptive fast decompression of degassed magma.

, correspAuthors=Guozhi Wang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2023 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qing Lei, Guozhi Wang, Fufeng Zhao, Lei Fan, Gang Liu, Ziang Wang, Qihua Hu, Yuyu Xiao), CN=ArticleExt(id=1212062661513187911, articleId=1212062659541865004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=南大西洋中脊26°S玄武岩中斜长石化学成分变化对岩浆演化的启示, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

南大西洋中脊26°S热液区玄武岩中斜长石的成分和结构特征为研究岩浆演化特征提供了重要依据。在对玄武岩岩相学观察、斜长石成分分析的基础上,对不同阶段斜长石的结构及成分进行对比,探讨岩浆演化的过程。结果表明:研究区以斑状玄武岩为主,斜长石斑晶常见连晶结构、韵律环带、溶解与再吸收、生长结构,基质中的斜长石主要呈针状和燕尾状;南大西洋中脊26°S(SMAR-26°S)热液区玄武岩主要为钠质拉斑玄武岩,岩浆演化早期以形成培长石为主,晚期以形成拉长石为主,整个演化过程中CaO和Al2O3含量下降,而SiO2、Na2O、FeOT和MgO含量上升;从斜长石斑晶的核部→边部→基质中的斜长石微晶,An值整体下降,斜长石斑晶边部的An值与基质中斜长石微晶An值部分重合,形成温度总体有逐渐下降趋势。由此反映出地幔岩浆形成后在上涌过程中可能经历了减压挥发分逸出、晶体在深部的熔蚀、熔体过饱和结晶、低Si同源岩浆的混合、同喷发脱气岩浆迅速减压的过程。

, correspAuthors=王国芝, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*王国芝(1964—),男,教授,博士生导师,从事地质流体与成岩成矿方面研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=BsUJz13sSIMfyfr4px6OCA==, magXml=FIgnthK067AlKqUKX0kQYg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Ne+EPCeimDwVn+Dp9PyPng==, pdfFileSize=3032394, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=nSzR6+x+CjznkxgwlD04kA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=lUDVBNSuxtUtKTCWNnIwmg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

雷庆(1994—),女,山西省芮城县人,博士生,主要研究方向为成因与应用矿物岩石学。E-mail:

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雷庆(1994—),女,山西省芮城县人,博士生,主要研究方向为成因与应用矿物岩石学。E-mail:

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a, c. Samples 26-3-1 and 26-3a, both of which belong to the basalt samples near the outer side; b, d. samples 26-3-2 and 26-3b, both of which belong to the basalt samples near the interior. e. Olivine phenocrysts with visible parting on the surface; f. occasional pyroxene phenocrysts can be observed in basalt; g. plagioclase porphyry with twin crystal structure; h. plagioclase phenocrysts zonation under the perpendicular polarized light microscope; i. the matrix has aintersertal texture, with a large number of plagioclase microlites. Ol. Olivine; Px. pyroxene; Pl. plagioclase

, figureFileSmall=cPXLGp3ay15F0g3zROsxtw==, figureFileBig=JCXa6Ke3LKkBDHpFZqK4kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228330463731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图2, caption=SMAR-3岩石样品照片与镜下岩相学照片

a,c分别为样品26-3-1和样品26-3a,属于靠近外侧的玄武岩样品;b,d分别为样品26-3-2和样品26-3b,属于靠近内部的玄武岩样品。e. 橄榄石斑晶,表面可见裂理;f. 玄武岩中偶见的辉石斑晶;g. 具有双晶结构的斜长石斑晶;h. 具有光学环带的斜长石斑晶;i. 基质具有间隐结构,可见大量斜长石微晶。Ol. 橄榄石;Px. 辉石;Pl. 斜长石

, figureFileSmall=cPXLGp3ay15F0g3zROsxtw==, figureFileBig=JCXa6Ke3LKkBDHpFZqK4kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228401766902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=BSE images and Or-Ab-An composition diagram of plagioclase phenocrysts

The green dots are electron probe test points; the red circle are the projection piont of plagioclase phenocrysts

, figureFileSmall=tlpAlQiQVEh14VZ5D0Kx2w==, figureFileBig=PXzDGMDbISSDdbe9umAZbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228494041594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图3, caption=斜长石斑晶BSE照片及Or-Ab-An成分图

绿色点为电子探针测试点;红色圆圈代表斜长石斑晶投点

, figureFileSmall=tlpAlQiQVEh14VZ5D0Kx2w==, figureFileBig=PXzDGMDbISSDdbe9umAZbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228565344763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=BSE images and Or-Ab-An composition diagram of plagioclase microlites, figureFileSmall=zlzbzgUoutRuzD06fM8ung==, figureFileBig=/F1B1tDvXpPDo9p/0Q4a/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228632453628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图4, caption=斜长石微晶BSE照片及Or-Ab-An成分图, figureFileSmall=zlzbzgUoutRuzD06fM8ung==, figureFileBig=/F1B1tDvXpPDo9p/0Q4a/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228720534015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Measured curve of the major element profile of plagioclase zonation (corresponding to Fig. 6a), figureFileSmall=eBT2GhMlr10o7ORZF2oVug==, figureFileBig=KdPVbA9utKHwGz6azQ3Z/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228804420100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图5, caption=环带斜长石主量元素剖面测试曲线(对应图6a, figureFileSmall=eBT2GhMlr10o7ORZF2oVug==, figureFileBig=KdPVbA9utKHwGz6azQ3Z/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228871528963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Microphotos of plagioclase zonation, electron probe images with microprobe point position, Or-Ab-An composition diagram of plagioclase phenocrysts, and An values variation curves

a1, a2, a3, and a4 are microphotos of plagioclase zonation, electron probe images with microprobe point position, Or-Ab-An composition diagram of plagioclase phenocrysts, and An values variation curve in samples 26-3-2(4), which have undergone stages I and II of magma evolution; b1, b2, b3, and b4 are microphotos of plagioclase zonation, electron probe images with microprobe point position, Or-Ab-An composition diagram of plagioclase phenocrysts, and An values variation curve in samples 26-3b2(1), which have undergone stages I, II and III of magma evolution; c1, c2, c3, and c4 are microphotos of plagioclase zonation, electron probe images with microprobe point position, Or-Ab-An composition diagram of plagioclase phenocrysts, and An values variation curve in samples 26-3-1(4), which have undergone Stage III of magma evolution; d1, d2, d3, and d4 are microphotos of plagioclase zonation, electron probe images with microprobe point position, Or-Ab-An composition diagram of plagioclase phenocrysts, and An values variation curve in samples 26-3b1(1), which have undergone stages I and III of magma evolution; the red line in figures a1, b1, c1, and d1 is a preset line for drawing a row of electron probes along this line, and the numbers on both ends are the point numbers of the electron probes; the green dots in figures a2, b2, c2, and d2 represent the specific positions of the electron probe, while the yellow dots and numbers represent the positions and numbers of individual points; the positions of the red, blue, black, and orange circles in figures a3, b3, c3, and d3 represent the projection point of corresponding Or-Ab-An composition of plagioclase

, figureFileSmall=mDhO3bFwuKXrNfv0R9ridg==, figureFileBig=g3QGn3AU5lVsg1uhL7wvJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334228976386564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图6, caption=环带斜长石显微照片、电子探针测点照片、Or-Ab-An成分图及An值变化曲线

a1、a2、a3、a4分别为样品26-3-2(4)中的环带斜长石显微照片、电子探针测点位置、斜长石三角图解和An值变化曲线,经历了岩浆演化I、II阶段;b1、b2、b3、b4分别为样品26-3b2(1)中的环带斜长石显微照片、电子探针测点位置、斜长石三角图解和An值变化曲线,经历了岩浆演化I、II、III阶段;c1、c2、c3、c4分别为样品26-3-1(4)中的环带斜长石显微照片、电子探针测点位置、斜长石三角图解和An值变化曲线,经历了岩浆演化III阶段;d1、d2、d3、d4分别为样品26-3b1(1)中的环带斜长石显微照片、电子探针测点位置、斜长石三角图解和An值变化曲线,经历了岩浆演化I、III阶段;a1、b1、c1、d1图中的红线是预设的沿该线打一排电子探针,两头的编号是电子探针的点号;a2、b2、c2、d2图中绿点是电子探针具体点位,黄色点及编号是其中个别点的位置和点号;a3、b3、c3、d3图中红、蓝、黑、橘色的圈所在位置代表的是对应斜长石的Or-Ab-An投点

, figureFileSmall=mDhO3bFwuKXrNfv0R9ridg==, figureFileBig=g3QGn3AU5lVsg1uhL7wvJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229072855560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Or-Ab-An composition diagram and An values of plagioclase phenocrysts and plagioclase microlites

a and b are Or-Ab-An composition diagram and An values scatter plot of plagioclase phenocrysts and plagioclase microlites; c and d are Or-Ab-An composition diagram and An values scatter plot of plagioclase zonation

, figureFileSmall=f6SU2Cmu/sgwR+pGDKroRg==, figureFileBig=sRaM5E0Yj4gy6BUl1tfX5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229152547336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图7, caption=斜长石斑晶和斜长石微晶的Or-Ab-An成分图和An值

a、b. 斜长石斑晶和斜长石微晶的三角图解及An值(未包括环带斜长石);c、d. 环带斜长石的三角图解及An值

, figureFileSmall=f6SU2Cmu/sgwR+pGDKroRg==, figureFileBig=sRaM5E0Yj4gy6BUl1tfX5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229232239114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Box plot of plagioclase An value and temperature change

a. Box plot of An value changes during the formation of plagioclase Stage I → Stage II → Stage III→ plagioclase microlites in matrix; b. box plot of temperature changes during the formation of plagioclase from Stage I → Stage II → Stage III→ plagioclase microlites in matrix

, figureFileSmall=bKaoPiQlsVaZPHwWCxSUOQ==, figureFileBig=XfLjkS/F25RgivImL2Q9Yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229311930894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图8, caption=斜长石An值及温度变化箱线图

a. 从斜长石阶段I→阶段II→阶段III→基质中的斜长石微晶的An值变化箱线图;b. 从斜长石阶段I→阶段II→阶段III→基质中的斜长石微晶的形成温度变化箱线图

, figureFileSmall=bKaoPiQlsVaZPHwWCxSUOQ==, figureFileBig=XfLjkS/F25RgivImL2Q9Yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229379039760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Structure of plagioclase phenocrysts, figureFileSmall=NKYpjWAj0uqLB8odLS/uZA==, figureFileBig=aV46zofz3Vs/dMOMKq1g9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229458731536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图9, caption=斜长石斑晶结构, figureFileSmall=NKYpjWAj0uqLB8odLS/uZA==, figureFileBig=aV46zofz3Vs/dMOMKq1g9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229525840402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Schematic cartoon of the magma evolution process, figureFileSmall=eCIFwkDBEUJ1jLzJzTTLdA==, figureFileBig=HByMKL96aM7iZrz1fZ/kNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229605532181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=图10, caption=岩浆演化过程示意图, figureFileSmall=eCIFwkDBEUJ1jLzJzTTLdA==, figureFileBig=HByMKL96aM7iZrz1fZ/kNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215334229718778393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

EPMA compositions of plagioclase phenocrysts in basalts of the study area (partial results) (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
打点编号组分总量
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOTMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5Cr2O3SrO
  注:该数据由电子探针测试分析得出;bdl.表示数据低于检测限。
3b3(1)#448.090.0732.100.430.020.2515.532.610.01bdl.bdl.0.0699.18
3b3(1)#549.310.0731.730.51bdl.0.2715.002.820.01bdl.0.010.0899.83
3b3(2)#347.710.0632.930.53bdl.0.2216.352.180.030.04bdl.0.01100.10
3b3(2)#446.61bdl.32.920.52bdl.0.2316.232.15bdl.0.04bdl.0.0398.77
3b3(3)#150.35bdl.31.050.500.020.2714.533.190.020.020.03bdl.100.03
3b3(3)#249.830.0631.100.61bdl.0.2414.303.070.01bdl.bdl.0.0499.26
3b3(4)#350.500.0530.880.63bdl.0.2114.233.300.02bdl.0.020.0199.90
3b3(4)#450.010.0331.040.50bdl.0.2514.313.350.02bdl.0.050.0699.61
3b3(5)#245.990.0232.890.430.020.2016.781.760.030.030.010.0298.21
3-1(2)#150.910.1130.630.560.060.2113.953.410.01bdl.0.010.0299.94
3-1(2)#250.880.1031.140.490.040.2214.093.360.02bdl.bdl.0.05100.39
3-1(3)#149.750.0530.870.510.060.1914.383.120.03bdl.0.040.0199.01
3-1(3)#248.790.0132.000.590.020.2115.232.690.020.06bdl.bdl.99.67
3b2(2)#149.370.0830.640.53bdl.0.2313.933.11bdl.bdl.bdl.0.1198.04
3b2(2)#249.330.0531.720.470.020.2315.242.65bdl.0.02bdl.bdl.99.74
), ArticleFig(id=1215334229811053083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究区玄武岩中斜长石斑晶的电子探针分析组分(部分结果)(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
打点编号组分总量
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOTMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5Cr2O3SrO
  注:该数据由电子探针测试分析得出;bdl.表示数据低于检测限。
3b3(1)#448.090.0732.100.430.020.2515.532.610.01bdl.bdl.0.0699.18
3b3(1)#549.310.0731.730.51bdl.0.2715.002.820.01bdl.0.010.0899.83
3b3(2)#347.710.0632.930.53bdl.0.2216.352.180.030.04bdl.0.01100.10
3b3(2)#446.61bdl.32.920.52bdl.0.2316.232.15bdl.0.04bdl.0.0398.77
3b3(3)#150.35bdl.31.050.500.020.2714.533.190.020.020.03bdl.100.03
3b3(3)#249.830.0631.100.61bdl.0.2414.303.070.01bdl.bdl.0.0499.26
3b3(4)#350.500.0530.880.63bdl.0.2114.233.300.02bdl.0.020.0199.90
3b3(4)#450.010.0331.040.50bdl.0.2514.313.350.02bdl.0.050.0699.61
3b3(5)#245.990.0232.890.430.020.2016.781.760.030.030.010.0298.21
3-1(2)#150.910.1130.630.560.060.2113.953.410.01bdl.0.010.0299.94
3-1(2)#250.880.1031.140.490.040.2214.093.360.02bdl.bdl.0.05100.39
3-1(3)#149.750.0530.870.510.060.1914.383.120.03bdl.0.040.0199.01
3-1(3)#248.790.0132.000.590.020.2115.232.690.020.06bdl.bdl.99.67
3b2(2)#149.370.0830.640.53bdl.0.2313.933.11bdl.bdl.bdl.0.1198.04
3b2(2)#249.330.0531.720.470.020.2315.242.65bdl.0.02bdl.bdl.99.74
), ArticleFig(id=1215334229882356252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

EPMA compositions of plagioclases zonation in basalts of the study area (partial results) (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
打点编号组分总量
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOTMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5Cr2O3SrO
  注:该数据由电子探针测试分析得出;bdl.表示数据低于检测限。
3-2(4)#346.330.0232.670.490.010.1316.451.830.010.02bdl.0.0698.02
3-2(4)#447.120.0432.660.38bdl.0.1716.122.16bdl.0.03bdl.0.0198.68
3-2(4)#548.260.0132.210.43bdl.0.1915.682.29bdl.0.020.040.0599.17
3-2(4)#647.400.0132.350.37bdl.0.1916.232.060.020.020.110.0498.81
3-2(4)#747.210.0332.660.430.020.1916.162.070.02bdl.0.06bdl.98.85
3-2(4)#847.800.0632.680.390.040.1716.242.090.020.03bdl.bdl.99.50
3-2(4)#946.890.0432.320.37bdl.0.2116.131.98bdl.0.02bdl.0.0497.99
3-2(4)#1046.790.0232.480.410.050.2216.161.960.03bdl.bdl.0.0298.13
3-2(4)#1246.830.0332.710.330.010.2116.341.970.010.02bdl.0.0498.49
3-2(4)#1346.370.1333.110.360.020.1816.551.950.02bdl.0.010.0398.73
3-2(4)#1446.650.0933.280.360.030.1716.531.850.020.04bdl.0.0999.11
3-2(4)#1545.510.0533.830.340.010.1417.611.400.01bdl.bdl.0.0598.95
3-2(4)#1646.25bdl.33.770.36bdl.0.1417.571.370.010.040.04bdl.99.53
3-2(4)#1745.970.0233.730.35bdl.0.1717.571.440.01bdl.bdl.0.0699.32
3-2(4)#1846.010.0233.660.25bdl.0.1417.471.470.01bdl.bdl.bdl.99.03
3-2(4)#1945.10bdl.33.930.34bdl.0.1517.561.38bdl.bdl.bdl.0.0998.54
3-2(4)#2045.790.0133.950.380.010.1517.531.360.020.020.01bdl.99.23
3-2(4)#2145.26bdl.34.000.290.030.1117.611.38bdl.bdl.bdl.0.1298.79
3-2(4)#2245.610.0133.950.38bdl.0.1417.741.320.010.040.06bdl.99.25
3-2(4)#2345.69bdl.34.080.300.040.1417.601.220.010.020.050.0399.18
3-2(4)#2445.38bdl.33.600.32bdl.0.1417.501.26bdl.bdl.0.060.0198.27
3-2(4)#2645.35bdl.34.110.29bdl.0.1217.431.320.010.030.060.0798.79
), ArticleFig(id=1215334229953659424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

研究区玄武岩中环带斜长石的电子探针分析组分(部分结果)(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
打点编号组分总量
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOTMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5Cr2O3SrO
  注:该数据由电子探针测试分析得出;bdl.表示数据低于检测限。
3-2(4)#346.330.0232.670.490.010.1316.451.830.010.02bdl.0.0698.02
3-2(4)#447.120.0432.660.38bdl.0.1716.122.16bdl.0.03bdl.0.0198.68
3-2(4)#548.260.0132.210.43bdl.0.1915.682.29bdl.0.020.040.0599.17
3-2(4)#647.400.0132.350.37bdl.0.1916.232.060.020.020.110.0498.81
3-2(4)#747.210.0332.660.430.020.1916.162.070.02bdl.0.06bdl.98.85
3-2(4)#847.800.0632.680.390.040.1716.242.090.020.03bdl.bdl.99.50
3-2(4)#946.890.0432.320.37bdl.0.2116.131.98bdl.0.02bdl.0.0497.99
3-2(4)#1046.790.0232.480.410.050.2216.161.960.03bdl.bdl.0.0298.13
3-2(4)#1246.830.0332.710.330.010.2116.341.970.010.02bdl.0.0498.49
3-2(4)#1346.370.1333.110.360.020.1816.551.950.02bdl.0.010.0398.73
3-2(4)#1446.650.0933.280.360.030.1716.531.850.020.04bdl.0.0999.11
3-2(4)#1545.510.0533.830.340.010.1417.611.400.01bdl.bdl.0.0598.95
3-2(4)#1646.25bdl.33.770.36bdl.0.1417.571.370.010.040.04bdl.99.53
3-2(4)#1745.970.0233.730.35bdl.0.1717.571.440.01bdl.bdl.0.0699.32
3-2(4)#1846.010.0233.660.25bdl.0.1417.471.470.01bdl.bdl.bdl.99.03
3-2(4)#1945.10bdl.33.930.34bdl.0.1517.561.38bdl.bdl.bdl.0.0998.54
3-2(4)#2045.790.0133.950.380.010.1517.531.360.020.020.01bdl.99.23
3-2(4)#2145.26bdl.34.000.290.030.1117.611.38bdl.bdl.bdl.0.1298.79
3-2(4)#2245.610.0133.950.38bdl.0.1417.741.320.010.040.06bdl.99.25
3-2(4)#2345.69bdl.34.080.300.040.1417.601.220.010.020.050.0399.18
3-2(4)#2445.38bdl.33.600.32bdl.0.1417.501.26bdl.bdl.0.060.0198.27
3-2(4)#2645.35bdl.34.110.29bdl.0.1217.431.320.010.030.060.0798.79
), ArticleFig(id=1215334230037545503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

EPMA compositions of plagioclase microlites in basalts of the study area (partial results) (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
打点编号组分总量
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOTMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5Cr2O3SrO
  注:该数据由电子探针测试分析得出;bdl.表示数据低于检测限。
3b3(1)#649.330.1130.680.610.020.2714.233.250.020.010.020.0298.56
3b3(1)#752.440.1528.210.990.020.4512.144.220.02bdl.0.040.0598.73
3b3(2)#550.240.0930.400.61bdl.0.2614.223.320.030.01bdl.0.0499.21
3b3(2)#650.640.1030.160.73bdl.0.3413.823.460.020.03bdl.bdl.99.29
3b3(2)#854.990.1726.631.270.010.3510.205.550.09bdl.0.04bdl.99.30
3b3(3)#551.420.1128.260.840.020.3712.474.370.02bdl.0.010.1198.00
3b3(4)#552.080.1728.431.010.040.5213.063.910.02bdl.bdl.0.0199.24
3b3(4)#653.130.1428.790.84bdl.0.3712.494.210.030.04bdl.bdl.100.03
3b3(5)#551.320.0529.750.890.020.3513.903.500.040.010.02bdl.99.85
3b3(5)#652.880.0328.881.15bdl.0.4713.053.790.030.05bdl.bdl.100.33
3-1(2)#452.080.1328.951.08bdl.0.5113.093.670.03bdl.0.04bdl.99.56
3b2(2)#352.470.1228.051.270.050.5312.454.230.03bdl.bdl.0.0499.25
3b2(2)#451.390.2727.601.690.050.5612.634.020.040.050.010.0798.36
3b2(3)#552.290.1028.881.080.030.5113.113.850.03bdl.0.010.0199.91
3b2(3)#650.040.0730.980.55bdl.0.2514.573.000.020.05bdl.0.0399.55
), ArticleFig(id=1215334230150791712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062659541865004, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

研究区玄武岩中斜长石微晶的电子探针分析组分(部分结果)(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
打点编号组分总量
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOTMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5Cr2O3SrO
  注:该数据由电子探针测试分析得出;bdl.表示数据低于检测限。
3b3(1)#649.330.1130.680.610.020.2714.233.250.020.010.020.0298.56
3b3(1)#752.440.1528.210.990.020.4512.144.220.02bdl.0.040.0598.73
3b3(2)#550.240.0930.400.61bdl.0.2614.223.320.030.01bdl.0.0499.21
3b3(2)#650.640.1030.160.73bdl.0.3413.823.460.020.03bdl.bdl.99.29
3b3(2)#854.990.1726.631.270.010.3510.205.550.09bdl.0.04bdl.99.30
3b3(3)#551.420.1128.260.840.020.3712.474.370.02bdl.0.010.1198.00
3b3(4)#552.080.1728.431.010.040.5213.063.910.02bdl.bdl.0.0199.24
3b3(4)#653.130.1428.790.84bdl.0.3712.494.210.030.04bdl.bdl.100.03
3b3(5)#551.320.0529.750.890.020.3513.903.500.040.010.02bdl.99.85
3b3(5)#652.880.0328.881.15bdl.0.4713.053.790.030.05bdl.bdl.100.33
3-1(2)#452.080.1328.951.08bdl.0.5113.093.670.03bdl.0.04bdl.99.56
3b2(2)#352.470.1228.051.270.050.5312.454.230.03bdl.bdl.0.0499.25
3b2(2)#451.390.2727.601.690.050.5612.634.020.040.050.010.0798.36
3b2(3)#552.290.1028.881.080.030.5113.113.850.03bdl.0.010.0199.91
3b2(3)#650.040.0730.980.55bdl.0.2514.573.000.020.05bdl.0.0399.55
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南大西洋中脊26°S玄武岩中斜长石化学成分变化对岩浆演化的启示
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雷庆 1 , 王国芝 2, 3, * , 赵甫峰 1 , 范蕾 4 , 刘刚 1 , 王子昂 1 , 胡起华 1 , 肖钰于 1
海洋学报 | 论文 2023,45(11): 62-75
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海洋学报 | 论文 2023, 45(11): 62-75
南大西洋中脊26°S玄武岩中斜长石化学成分变化对岩浆演化的启示
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雷庆1 , 王国芝2, 3, * , 赵甫峰1, 范蕾4, 刘刚1, 王子昂1, 胡起华1, 肖钰于1
作者信息
  • 1 成都理工大学 地球科学学院,四川 成都 610059
  • 2 成都理工大学 沉积地质研究院,四川 成都 610059
  • 3 成都理工大学 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610059
  • 4 自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061
  • 雷庆(1994—),女,山西省芮城县人,博士生,主要研究方向为成因与应用矿物岩石学。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*王国芝(1964—),男,教授,博士生导师,从事地质流体与成岩成矿方面研究。E-mail:
Implications for magmatic evolution of changes in plagioclase composition in the 26°S basalts, Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Qing Lei1 , Guozhi Wang2, 3, * , Fufeng Zhao1, Lei Fan4, Gang Liu1, Ziang Wang1, Qihua Hu1, Yuyu Xiao1
Affiliations
  • 1Faculty of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
  • 2Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
  • 3State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
  • 4First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
出版时间: 2023-11-30 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023152
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南大西洋中脊26°S热液区玄武岩中斜长石的成分和结构特征为研究岩浆演化特征提供了重要依据。在对玄武岩岩相学观察、斜长石成分分析的基础上,对不同阶段斜长石的结构及成分进行对比,探讨岩浆演化的过程。结果表明:研究区以斑状玄武岩为主,斜长石斑晶常见连晶结构、韵律环带、溶解与再吸收、生长结构,基质中的斜长石主要呈针状和燕尾状;南大西洋中脊26°S(SMAR-26°S)热液区玄武岩主要为钠质拉斑玄武岩,岩浆演化早期以形成培长石为主,晚期以形成拉长石为主,整个演化过程中CaO和Al2O3含量下降,而SiO2、Na2O、FeOT和MgO含量上升;从斜长石斑晶的核部→边部→基质中的斜长石微晶,An值整体下降,斜长石斑晶边部的An值与基质中斜长石微晶An值部分重合,形成温度总体有逐渐下降趋势。由此反映出地幔岩浆形成后在上涌过程中可能经历了减压挥发分逸出、晶体在深部的熔蚀、熔体过饱和结晶、低Si同源岩浆的混合、同喷发脱气岩浆迅速减压的过程。

南大西洋中脊  /  玄武岩  /  斜长石斑晶  /  斜长石微晶  /  岩浆演化

The composition and texture characteristics of plagioclase in basalt from the 26°S hydrothermal field of the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge provide an important basis for the study of magmatic evolution characteristics. On the basis of observing the petrography of basalt and analyzing the composition of plagioclase, the structure and composition of plagioclase at different stages are compared to explore the process of magma evolution. The results show that the study area is mainly composed of porphyritic basalt, and plagioclase porphyries are commonly characterized by glomerocryst structures, oscillatory-zoned, dissolved and resorbed rim, and growth structures. The plagioclase in the matrix is mainly acicular and swallow-tailed crystals; the basalts in the SMAR-26°S hydrothermal zone are mainly sodium tholeiitic basalts. In the early stage of magma evolution, bytownite was mainly formed, while in the late stage, labradorite was mainly formed. Throughout the entire evolution process, the content of CaO and Al2O3 decreases, while the content of SiO2, Na2O, FeO, and MgO increases; from the core to rim of plagioclase phenocrysts and then to plagioclase microcrystalline in the matrix, the An values decreases overall. The An values in the rim of plagioclase phenocryst partially overlaps with the An values of plagioclase microlites in the matrix, resulting in a gradual decrease in temperature. These represent the changes from the magma origin area to magma eruption. After the formation of mantle magma, it rapidly rises and erupts to form basalt. During the upwelling process, it may undergo the process of decompression accompanied by volatiles escaping, dissolving in the deep, supersaturated crystallizing of the melt, mixing of low-Si same sourced magma, and syn-eruptive fast decompression of degassed magma.

Southern Mid-Atlantic ridge  /  basalt  /  plagioclase phenocrysts  /  plagioclase microlites  /  magmatic evolution
雷庆, 王国芝, 赵甫峰, 范蕾, 刘刚, 王子昂, 胡起华, 肖钰于. 南大西洋中脊26°S玄武岩中斜长石化学成分变化对岩浆演化的启示. 海洋学报, 2023 , 45 (11) : 62 -75 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023152
Qing Lei, Guozhi Wang, Fufeng Zhao, Lei Fan, Gang Liu, Ziang Wang, Qihua Hu, Yuyu Xiao. Implications for magmatic evolution of changes in plagioclase composition in the 26°S basalts, Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2023 , 45 (11) : 62 -75 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023152
玄武岩浆是由上地幔物质部分熔融产生的,大洋中脊玄武岩因为没有大陆地壳的覆盖,是研究岩浆演化的理想对象。
玄武岩中的矿物包括橄榄石、辉石、斜长石等,其中斜长石可形成于岩浆演化的不同阶段,随着物化条件的变化,斜长石形态、成分和结构也有所不同,斜长石对系统的压力和挥发分含量的高度敏感性使得斜长石可以成为岩浆演化的重要指示矿物之一[17]。受NaSi-CaAl间的相互扩散速率低的影响,斜长石的环带结构在高温演化过程中不会因为受到扩散作用影响而发生改变,因此环带结构能够很好地保存下来[89],也使其成为研究岩浆演化的有力工具。
玄武岩斜长石的形成可能经历了岩浆从源区聚集到喷发地表的全过程,大量实验和理论计算认为玄武岩浆温度在1 300℃左右[10];Cashman[11]认为玄武岩中高An值的斜长石斑晶为捕虏晶;陈小明等[12]对冲绳海槽玄武岩研究认为玄武岩浆经历了3次岩浆停留期,即3个世代斜长石形成期对应的岩浆源区、洋壳中的岩浆房和喷出洋壳表面后;祁齐等[13]对南大西洋中脊玄武岩斜长石研究认为,斜长石可能形成于岩浆源区、岩浆房或岩浆通道等不同的环境;何欣等[14]通过对中太平洋CA火山玄武岩中斜长石的研究认为,斜长石核部、边部、斜长石微晶的形成温度能够代表岩浆源区、岩浆房和岩浆喷发的温度。
斜长石的结构有连晶结构、韵律环带、溶解、再吸收和生长结构等,因此形成了多种类型的斜长石,包括韵律环带型斜长石、具溶解和再吸收核部的斜长石、补丁状核心斜长石、粗筛状核部斜长石、具再吸收边的斜长石、具熔体包裹体痕迹边的斜长石、燕尾状或骸骨状斜长石等[1516]。影响斜长石形态、结构、组分的因素包括温度、压力、熔体组成、生长、溶解和成核动力学等[16],斜长石的熔蚀结构、韵律环带、熔体包裹体等记录了岩浆温度、压力、熔体组分的变化[14, 1719]。对斜长石成分、结构的研究有利于对岩浆演化的重构。
本文选取南大西洋26°S热液区玄武岩为研究对象,通过对玄武岩中的长石斑晶和基质中的斜长石微晶的成分、结构进行研究,来加深对热液区岩浆演化的了解,以便于后续工作中探讨岩浆演化对成矿的贡献。
南大西洋26°S在水深2 600 m的内侧7~9 km的轴向山谷形成了一个平滑的地形高地[20],属于无沉积物覆盖的热液区域,地形高地表面完全由枕状玄武岩组成,几乎没有底部沉积物[2122]。南大西洋中脊(SMAR)属于典型的慢速扩张洋中脊,最北端和最南端分别是位于赤道附近的罗曼什转换断层和位于印度洋布维岛附近的三联点,大西洋中脊以赤道附近的罗曼什海沟为界,分为北大西洋中脊及南大西洋中脊,伸延至南端54°S的布韦岛后,大西洋中脊转向至大西洋–印度洋–洋中脊(Atlantic-Indian-Ridge)[23]。本文研究区属于南大西洋中脊的一个脊段,全长大约在100 km范围,从北边的Rio Grande转换断层(Rio Grande FZ)一直到南边的Moore断裂带(Moore FZ)[20],因为其东西两侧的扩张速率不同,分别在16.3 mm/a和19.3 mm/a左右,所以将这一段划分到非对称慢速扩张洋中脊范畴[24],热液区位置详见图1
研究区样品是我国“大洋一”号科学考察船执行第22航次大西洋考察任务时在南大西洋中脊26°01′S处采用电视抓斗的方式获得,调查研究发现了很多明显的热液活动迹象,如:深拖式相机拍摄到的强烈的温度、甲烷和浊度异常,表明该地区存在许多潜在的高温热液喷口[21]。科研人员之前在此热液区以电视抓斗的方式所获得的样品主要包括玄武岩(包括斑状玄武岩和气孔状玄武岩等)、玄武玻璃、金属硫化物碎片、喷口生物群和沉积泥浆等[21],研究区的基岩为亏损地幔熔融产生的正常的洋中脊拉斑玄武岩(N-MORB)[27]。为了实现本文的研究目的和内容,对从SMAR-26°S热液区所采集到的样品进行筛选,选取编号为SMAR-3的玄武岩进行研究。本文重点对样品中的斜长石斑晶和斜长石微晶进行了岩相学观察和电子探针分析测试。
分析测试首先磨制SMAR-3岩石样品的光薄片,再借助光学显微镜和电子探针对这些样品展开岩相学观察和矿物主要成分测试。斜长石斑晶和斜长石微晶的主量元素含量分析是在成都理工大学地球科学学院完成,所使用的电子探针仪器型号为EPMA-1720,每个点的电子探针分析时间在12 min左右,测试过程中同时测试了标准样品来检测仪器的稳定性,仪器工作条件加速电压为15 kV、电子束流为10 nA、束斑大小为5 μm,测试误差小于1.0%。
SMAR-3样品为致密块状玄武岩,样品表面可见一层很薄的玻璃壳且分布不均匀(原始样品表面还可见一层黑色的铁锰结壳),新鲜面呈暗灰色,具有斑状结构,基质为隐晶质结构,致密块状,新鲜断口略具粗糙感。根据气泡和斑晶含量,可以将SMAR-3分为两部分,即靠近外部的26-3-1、26-3a和靠近内部的26-3-2、26-3b(图2)。观察发现在靠近玻璃壳的外侧,玄武岩颜色较深,斑晶分布较少,半自形板状,大小为1~4 mm,气孔含量为2%~3%,大小在0.2~0.7 mm之间,气孔内无充填物;而内部则颜色相对较浅,斑晶和气孔相对外侧略有降低,斑晶大小为2~3 mm,气孔含量为1%~2%,大小在0.1~1 mm之间,气孔内无充填物。对薄片进行镜下观察,玄武岩具有斑状结构,基质为间隐结构,斑晶以斜长石为主,含部分橄榄石和少量辉石,基质中可见大量斜长石微晶(图2)。
SMAR-3样品中斜长石斑晶多为板柱状,可见大量斜长石连晶,镜下可见斑晶内部发育良好的熔体包裹体痕迹边、明显的层间晶面熔蚀结构以及边部密集的韵律环带,少量斑晶为燕尾状斜长石(图3a),斜长石微晶多为燕尾状(图4a)和针状(图4b)。
斜长石斑晶形态多为板柱状,偶见燕尾状或骸骨状(图3a图3d),电子探针主量元素分析数据(部分结果见表1)显示:SiO2的含量(湿重,下同)在45.16%~54.57%之间,均值为50.17%,Al2O3的含量在26.52%~34.12%之间,均值为30.97%,CaO的含量在11.92%~17.81%之间,均值为14.58%,Na2O的含量在1.35%~4.41%之间,均值为3.0%,FeOT的含量在0.34%~1.76%之间,均值为0.59%,MgO的含量在0.14%~0.66%之间,均值为0.24%,MgO+FeOT的含量在0.48%~2.42%之间,均值为0.83%,SiO2与Al2O3含量的比值(SiO2/Al2O3)在1.32~2.06之间,均值为1.63,An值在59.83~87.83之间,均值72.59,斜长石类型主要为拉长石(An:59.83~70,均值67.61)和培长石(An:70~87.83,均值74.60)(图3e)。此外,部分斜长石斑晶具有环带结构,电子探针主量元素分析数据见表2
基质中斜长石微晶形态多为针状、燕尾状(图4a图4d),电子探针分析结果部分列于表3中,结果显示:斜长石微晶SiO2的含量在49.33%~62.38%之间,均值为52.85%,Al2O3的含量在15.49%~31.35%之间,均值为25.01%,CaO的含量在4.31%~14.63%之间,均值为12.52%,Na2O的含量在3.00%~5.55%之间,均值为4.02%,FeOT的含量在0.55%~6.65%之间,均值为1.30%,MgO的含量在0.30%~0.83%之间,均值为0.50%,MgO+FeOT的含量在0.80%~6.86%之间,均值为1.80%,SiO2/Al2O3在1.58%~4.03%之间,均值为1.91%。An的含量在50.13~72.76之间,均值为63.41,主要为拉长石(图4e)。
研究过程发现,部分斜长石斑晶具有光学环带,这些环带斜长石由内核到外壳Na2O、MgO、SiO2、FeOT的含量总体呈上升趋势;CaO、Al2O3含量总体呈逐渐下降趋势(图5),表明在形成斜长石斑晶过程中岩浆演化程度越来越高。与研究区斜长石斑晶相类似的成分变化特征也见于南大西洋中脊玄武岩、冲绳玄武岩和CA海山玄武岩中斜长石斑晶中,即从核部到边部也具有Na2O、MgO、SiO2、FeOT的含量总体上升而CaO、Al2O3含量总体下降的特征[1214],岩浆在斜长石斑晶的形成过程中演化程度越来越高。在玄武质岩浆的演化过程中,前期结晶的斜长石斑晶朝着富Na、Si、Fe、Mg和贫Al、Ca的方向移动(图5),这与斜长石矿物在岩浆上升期间的整体演化规律一致。此外,Fe、Mg含量整体升高除了岩浆正常演化以外,前人研究认为斜长石中Fe、Mg含量的增加与形成斜长石时的冷却速率的加快相关[28],在形成斜长石斑晶时期岩浆可能上涌速度加快,冷却速率增高,导致Fe、Mg含量增加。橄榄石、辉石结晶会使得Mg含量出现下降趋势,因此Mg含量波动变化可能还受到橄榄石、辉石结晶的影响。
值得注意的是,与南大西洋中脊玄武岩、冲绳玄武岩和CA海山玄武岩中斜长石斑晶所不同的是,研究区斜长石斑晶外壳的Na、Si含量变化与整体演化趋势相反,出现下降趋势,Al、Ca含量也表现出与整体下降趋势相反的升高特征,这可能是由在斜长石斑晶结晶的晚期富Al、Ca和低Na、Mg、Si熔体的加入造成,前人研究也认为富Ca熔体的加入以及岩浆含水量的增高会使得斜长石朝着富Ca的方向移动[3, 19, 2930],因此推测斜长石斑晶形成晚期可能有同源低Si岩浆混合作用发生。
基质中的斜长石微晶形成于岩浆快速上升冷凝以及喷出洋底迅速冷却的过程中,斜长石微晶形成时间较斑晶晚,两者的主量元素对比表明,从斜长石斑晶到斜长石微晶:CaO平均含量由14.58%降到12.52%,Al2O3平均含量由30.97%降到25.01%;SiO2的平均含量由50.17%升到52.85%,Na2O平均含量由3.03%升到4.02%,FeOT平均含量由0.60%升到1.30%,MgO平均含量由0.24%升到0.50%,除了CaO和Al2O3含量下降,包括MgO在内的其余元素含量均上升。对环带斜长石研究也表现出同样的特征,由内核到外壳,环带斜长石由培长石向拉长石转变,CaO和Al2O3含量下降而SiO2、Na2O、FeOT、MgO含量上升。由此,岩浆演化总体表现出Na2O、MgO、SiO2、FeOT含量上升而CaO、Al2O3含量下降,岩浆组分向着富Si、Na的方向演变,即由基性向中基性方向演化。
对这些具有环带结构的斜长石进行电子探针测试分析,结果显示这些环带为正环带,An值整体范围为67.37~88.80。环带内核主要为培长石(An值:88.80~70.42,均值:82.30),外壳有一薄层拉长石(An值:69.98~67.37,均值69.19),由内向外An值降低,由培长石向拉长石演化(图6)。
受密度影响,岩浆迁移过程中浮力不同,滞留位置和时间均有不同[31],在形成斜长石斑晶的过程中,岩浆演化至少经历了I、II、III 3个滞留阶段,I阶段的An值大于86(图6a4图6b4图6d4图7c图7d),II阶段的An值集中在79~83(图6a4图6b4图7c图7d),III阶段集中在68~73.5(图6b4图6c4图6d4图7c图7d)。An值变化曲线显示内核与外壳的An值差异较大,表现出逐渐下降和突然下降两种趋势,3个阶段之间的演化均表现为突然降低。此外,斜长石最边部的An值表现出在降低过程中突然增高的特征。I、II、III阶段可能分别代表了3个较长的岩浆停留期,这3个滞留期代表了3个不同的岩浆演化阶段。陈小明等[12]通过对冲绳玄武岩中斜长石斑晶的研究,发现该地区斜长石斑晶也具有核部“平台”、边部“平台”和最边缘的特征,这些特征记录了岩浆活动过程,分别代表了岩浆源区、岩浆房、岩浆上升喷发的过程;祁奇等[13]通过对南大西洋中脊玄武岩斜长石斑晶的研究,同样也认为斜长石核部形成于岩浆源区,中间An值较低的斜长石斑晶形成于岩浆房,斜长石斑晶边部、微晶斜长石和基质中斜长石形成于岩浆房或岩浆通道及喷出洋壳后等不同的环境。斜长石斑晶和微晶的An值特征结合后文中斜长石温度估算结果,推测本文I、II、III这3个岩浆演化阶段可能为岩浆源区、岩浆房或岩浆通道、岩浆上升喷发。
岩浆演化过程中An值逐渐降低,但富Ca熔体的加入和岩浆含H2O量的增加能够造成斜长石成分向富Ca方向移动(即An值增高趋势)[3, 19, 2930, 3233],斑晶边部An-FeOT的明显增多是与更原始的富挥发分岩浆混合的结果[15]图5中CaO和FeOT含量在斜长石边部总体上有所升高,因此可以认为边部An值的突然增高可能是富Ca熔体的加入造成,在斜长石斑晶形成的最后阶段有低Si同源岩浆的加入。
总之,斜长石斑晶以培长石为主,含有少量拉长石;而斜长石微晶则是以拉长石为主,含有少量培长石。由斜长石斑晶到斜长石微晶,斜长石牌号属性由培长石向拉长石转变(图7a),斜长石微晶的An值(50.13~72.76,均值63.41)明显低于斜长石斑晶的An值(59.83~87.83,均值72.59)。环带斜长石的An值变化特征与斜长石斑晶到斜长石微晶研究的结果相同,也表现出由培长石(An值:88.80~70.42,均值:82.30)向拉长石(An值:69.98~67.37,均值69.19)演变的特征(图7b),环带长石An值变化表现出缓慢降低和突然下降两种趋势,反映岩浆在自然演化的同时,经历了多次物理化学环境的变化,最后还受到了低Si同源基性岩浆混入的影响。
Mathez[34]对Kudo和Weill[35]提出的斜长石温度计进行了修正,修正后的公式可以估算斜长石的形成温度,本文中斜长石斑晶和斜长石微晶可用此公式进行估算:
$ {\rm{ln}} \lambda/\sigma + 1.29\times 10^4 \phi/T= 9.60\times 10^{-3}T-15.76\;(P_{{\rm{H_2O}}}=1\;{\rm{kb}}), $
$ {\rm{ln}}\lambda/\sigma +1.29\times 10^4\phi/T= 9.87\times 10^{-3}T-15.21\;(P_{\rm{H_2O}}=0.5\; {\mathrm{kb}}), $
式中,λ = (XNaXSi/XCaXAl基质$\phi $ = (XCa $+ $ XAlXSi $- $ XNa基质X为克原子分率;σ = (XAbγAb/XAnγAn),γ为活度系数;T代表热力学温度;斜长石斑晶适用式(1),斜长石微晶适用式(2)[3435]
结合斜长石电子探针数据以及基质的成分数据,分别对没有光学环带的斜长石斑晶、环带斜长石斑晶阶段I、环带斜长石斑晶阶段II、环带斜长石斑晶阶段III以及基质中的斜长石微晶进行温度估算,结果表明,形成无光学环带的斜长石斑晶的An值在59.83~87.83之间,均值为72.59,温度在1 165~1 285℃之间,平均值为1 186℃;环带长石阶段I的An值在86.72~88.80之间,平均值为87.76,温度在1 262~1 303℃之间,平均值为1 280℃;环带长石阶段II的An值在80.05~83.10之间,平均值为81.75,温度在1 220~1 248℃之间,平均值为1 231℃;环带长石阶段III的An值在70.90~73.47之间,平均值为71.79,温度在1 167~1 183℃之间,平均值为1 175℃;基质中斜长石微晶的An值在50.13~72.76之间,平均值为63.41,温度在1 047~1 092℃之间,平均值为1 065℃。
对这些斜长石中的岩浆包裹体进行测温实验,实验结果表明部分包裹体的均一温度在1 156~1 197℃之间,还有部分包裹体在实验上限温度1 200℃(斜长石融化)时仍未均一,实测温度中达到均一的包裹体的温度与阶段III的温度估算一致,其他包裹体虽受上限温度限制没有达到均一但是符合阶段II、阶段I的温度估算特征,可以认为估算的温度与实测包裹体温度相吻合(包裹体更具体的相关工作另文讨论)。
从斜长石I阶段到II阶段再到III阶段,最后到基质中斜长石微晶的An值表现出由86.72~88.80(均值:87.76)到80.05~83.10(均值:81.75)再到70.90~73.47(均值:71.79),最后到50.13~72.76(均值:63.41)的变化规律,整体表现出由培长石演化为拉长石的特征;温度表现出由1 262~1 303℃(均值:1 280℃)到1 220~1 248℃(均值:1 231℃)再到1 167~1 183℃(均值:1 175℃),最后到1 047~1 092℃(均值:1 065℃)逐渐下降的变化规律(图8)。
有学者认为玄武岩中高An值的斜长石斑晶为捕虏晶[10],斜长石斑晶核部、边部及斜长石微晶的估算温度能够分别代表岩浆源区、岩浆房和岩浆喷发温度[1214]。本文斜长石斑晶核部的An值在86.72~88.8之间,平均值为87.76,An值较高,推断形成背景为岩浆源区;斜长石斑晶边部An值与斜长石微晶An值部分重合,因为斜长石微晶形成于岩浆快速上升冷凝以及喷出洋底迅速冷却的过程中,所以认为斜长石斑晶边部和斜长石微晶形成背景一致,同为岩浆快速上升冷凝以及喷出洋底迅速冷却的环境,进而推断斜长石斑晶的幔部形成环境可能为岩浆房或岩浆通道,与前人结论一致。中太平洋CA海山玄武岩岩石成因表明该玄武岩为板内洋岛玄武岩,属于地幔柱成因,是地幔柱快速上升并在较短时间内喷发形成的大规模玄武岩[14, 3638]。CA海山玄武岩斜长石核部到边部再到斜长石微晶的估算温度平均值分别为1 281℃、1 198℃和1 071℃,结晶温度高,温差相对较小,可能正是印证了地幔柱岩浆的形成和喷发特点[14]。本文研究区斜长石从斑晶I阶段到II阶段再到III阶段,最后到斜长石微晶以相同方法估算温度的平均值分别为1 280℃、1 231℃、1 175℃和1 065℃,与CA海山玄武岩斜长石特征一致,岩浆源区温度相对较高,从岩浆源区到岩浆房再到岩浆喷发,温差相对较小,因此认为岩浆也具有短时间快速上升喷发的特征。据此,推测研究区上地幔岩浆形成后快速上升喷发形成玄武岩。
前人研究表明,连晶结构可能与上涌的原始岩浆相关[39],良好的包裹体痕迹边是在减压环境下挥发分逸出,晶体迅速生长造成的;熔蚀边是经历更原始、更热、富含挥发物的岩浆熔融产生;燕尾状斜长石是由脱气岩浆的同步喷发快速减压造成的[15]
岩浆房深部形成的斜长石随岩浆上涌,压力降低的同时,挥发分逸出,晶体迅速生长,在边部形成沿生长面分布的岩浆包裹体(图9,A区)。Viccaro等[15]在对Mt. Etna Volcano (Southern Italy) 研究过程中提到斜长石如果在深部结晶之后经历强烈的熔融,这会使得残余部分形成边缘光滑、核部椭圆的晶体,研究区斜长石在深部结晶后,物化条件发生变化,原有晶体被熔蚀,形成层间晶面熔蚀结构,边缘光滑(图9,B线)。之后随着温压降低,熔体过饱和斜长石迅速结晶,晶体表层熔体与更外层的熔体无法达到化学平衡,这样持续的变化形成了边部的致密韵律环带(图9,C区),反应出在斑晶形成的最后阶段属于不平衡结晶的过程[40]。在不平衡结晶的最后,低Si同源岩浆混入,斜长石An值和主量元素发生变化,但不影响整体演化,研究发现斜长石连晶的出现,可能反映热的原始岩浆的连续注入打乱岩浆房内的对流,从而使斜长石上浮到岩浆房顶部形成连晶[39],再结合研究区大量斜长石斑晶出现连晶结构,低Si同源岩浆混入过程很可能发生在热的原始岩浆不断上涌使得斜长石上浮形成连晶的过程中。大量基质中的斜长石微晶呈燕尾状形态出现,反映岩浆晚期环境应当是同喷发的脱气岩浆快速减压,它们具有简单的过冷后期结晶过程,对应的阶段为岩浆快速上升冷凝及喷出后。
总而言之,在形成斜长石斑晶过程中,岩浆至少经历了多次成分变化,岩浆在形成斜长石斑晶阶段I之后,减压,挥发分逸出,晶体迅速生长,沿生长面可见岩浆包裹体;之后,斜长石斑晶阶段II开始形成,物化条件发生变化,压力降低的同时温度升高,斜长石熔融,边部变得光滑;在阶段II形成最后,晶体表层熔体与更外层的熔体无法达到化学平衡,形成了最边部的致密韵律环带,阶段III形成;最后,低Si同源岩浆混合,斜长石斑晶边部成分发生变化,岩浆喷发后迅速减压,形成少量燕尾状斜长石斑晶和大量针状、燕尾状斜长石微晶。岩浆上涌过程中可能经历了减压挥发分逸出、晶体在深部被熔蚀、熔体过饱和结晶、低Si同源岩浆的混合、同喷发脱气岩浆迅速减压的过程(图10)。
(1)岩浆演化早期以形成培长石为主,晚期以形成拉长石为主,整个演化过程中CaO和Al2O3含量下降,而SiO2、Na2O、FeOT和MgO含量上升,岩浆由基性向中基性方向演化。
(2)上地幔岩浆上升结晶形成斜长石斑晶之后,岩浆上涌过程中可能经历了减压挥发分逸出、晶体在深部熔蚀、熔体过饱和结晶、低Si同源岩浆的混合、同喷发脱气岩浆迅速减压的过程。
(3)上地幔岩浆形成后快速上升喷发形成玄武岩,斜长石的估算温度分别代表了不同岩浆演化阶段的温度,从斜长石斑晶I阶段→II阶段→III阶段→基质中的斜长石微晶An值及形成温度均表现出逐渐下降的特征。
  • 大洋靶区多金属硫化物赋矿围岩包裹体特征与硫化物蚀变机制研究项目(DY135-S2-2-05)。
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2023年第45卷第11期
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doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023152
  • 接收时间:2023-04-11
  • 首发时间:2025-12-28
  • 出版时间:2023-11-30
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-11
  • 修回日期:2023-07-21
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大洋靶区多金属硫化物赋矿围岩包裹体特征与硫化物蚀变机制研究项目(DY135-S2-2-05)。
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    1 成都理工大学 地球科学学院,四川 成都 610059
    2 成都理工大学 沉积地质研究院,四川 成都 610059
    3 成都理工大学 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610059
    4 自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266061

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*王国芝(1964—),男,教授,博士生导师,从事地质流体与成岩成矿方面研究。E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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