Article(id=1212062517115883610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1212062510887342132, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2023114, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1674921600000, receivedDateStr=2023-01-29, revisedDate=1681920000000, revisedDateStr=2023-04-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766907823112, onlineDateStr=2025-12-28, pubDate=1696003200000, pubDateStr=2023-09-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766907823112, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766907823112, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766907823112, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1212062510887342132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2023', volume='45', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='188', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766907821628, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766924706207, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212133329994904375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1212062510887342132, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212133329994904376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1212062510887342132, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=141, endPage=151, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1212062518449672312, articleId=1212062517115883610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Cloning of the McNF-κB gene of Mytilus coruscus and its role in development, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) can regulate immunity, inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and organism development. At present, NF-κB has been well studied in vertebrates and fruit flies, while its role in shellfish is still elusive. In order to further explore the role of NF-κB in the immunity and development of mussel Mytilus coruscus, the full length McNF-κB cDNA sequence was cloned from M. coruscus. McNF-κB gene was 4087 bp long, and the open reading frame was 2 613 bp, encoding 871 amino acids and had a typical ankyrinrepeat (ANK) domain and DEATH domain. The results of amino acid sequence analysis showed that the gene had 72.76% homology with M. edulis and 66.58% with M. galloprovincialis, respectively, and was clustered with M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis in the phylogenetic tree. The real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) technology showed that the McNF-κB gene was expressed distributed in all tissues of M. coruscus, and the expression was the highest in the gill. McNF-κB gene was expressed in both the pediveliger larvae stage and the juvenile stage of M. coruscus, and the expression was significantly higher in the pediveliger larvae stage than that in the juvenile stage. After using RNA interference technology to silence the McNF-κB gene of pediveliger larvae, the larval metamorphosis rate decreased significantly, indicating that this gene was involved in regulating the metamorphosis process of M. coruscus. This study provides a basis for exploring how McNF-κB gene regulates development of M. coruscus.

, correspAuthors=Xiao Liang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2023 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hongyu Ren, Tiantian Liu, Youting Zhu, Jinlong Yang, Xiao Liang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1212062520181919957, articleId=1212062517115883610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscusMcNF-κB基因的克隆及其在发育中的作用, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

核因子κB(Nuclear Factor kappa-B,NF-κB)具有免疫、炎症、凋亡、细胞增殖和发育的调节作用,目前NF-κB在脊椎动物和果蝇中的研究较为丰富,在贝类中的报道较少。为进一步探究NF-κB在厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)免疫和发育中的作用,本研究克隆了厚壳贻贝McNF-κB基因的序列全长,其全长为4 087 bp,开放阅读框为2 613 bp,编码871个氨基酸,具有典型的锚蛋白重复序列(ankyrinrepeat, ANK)结构域和死亡结构域。氨基酸序列分析结果发现,该基因与欧洲贻贝(Mytilus edulis)和地中海贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)分别具有72.76%和66.58%同源性,且在系统进化树中与欧洲贻贝和地中海贻贝聚为一支。经实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检验表明,McNF-κB基因于厚壳贻贝各组织均有分布,在鳃中表达最高;McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝眼点幼虫阶段和稚贝阶段均有表达,且在稚贝阶段表达量显著高于眼点幼虫阶段。利用RNA干扰技术沉默眼点幼虫McNF-κB基因后幼虫变态率显著下降,推测McNF-κB基因调控厚壳贻贝幼虫变态过程。本研究为探究McNF-κB基因如何调控厚壳贻贝发育奠定了基础。

, correspAuthors=梁箫, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*梁箫(1983-),女,博士,副教授,主要从事海洋微生物与海洋贝类互作关系研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=RmHqMfATCwBrrOi1U+NlYw==, magXml=aXDNWe7RRrVVywJTet+MjA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=dmfQ9LAQZWrCyDCqMnovzg==, pdfFileSize=1282373, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=KJbwGB14kdi4PgrRUtDrog==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=LLFwtDEtO0KcIRgv7lgjRQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

任泓妤(1999-),女,河南省焦作市人,研究方向为海洋贝类分子生物学。E-mail:

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任泓妤(1999-),女,河南省焦作市人,研究方向为海洋贝类分子生物学。E-mail:

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任泓妤(1999-),女,河南省焦作市人,研究方向为海洋贝类分子生物学。E-mail:

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Development, 2001, 128(2): 263−273., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1215325225810579593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=上海市学术带头人项目(20XD1421800);国家自然科学基金(41876159)。, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1215325220810970015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215325220836135844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, companyId=1215325220810970015, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 上海海洋大学 上海市水产动物良种创制与绿色养殖协同创新中心,上海 201306)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215325220928410536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215325220936799146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, companyId=1215325220928410536, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215325221029073839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215325221037462447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, companyId=1215325221029073839, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 上海海洋大学 国家海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心,上海 201306)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215325221121348534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215325221129737142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, companyId=1215325221121348534, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1215325224191578178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Full-length cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences of McNF-κB gene

The start codon ATG is underlined; the stop codon is indicated by an asterisk;the gray area represents the ANK domain; the black box represents the DEATH domain

, figureFileSmall=7DSaIiKF9ihCfTSikKZXWg==, figureFileBig=meV9SoGNRZ4s5Z/1yvlJeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224267075655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=图1, caption=McNF-κB基因cDNA全长及推导的氨基酸序列

下划线表示起始密码子ATG;“*”表示终止密码子;灰色区域表示ANK结构域;黑色方框表示死亡结构域

, figureFileSmall=7DSaIiKF9ihCfTSikKZXWg==, figureFileBig=meV9SoGNRZ4s5Z/1yvlJeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224384516169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=McNF-κB domain, figureFileSmall=tkJ2MpR2LLccogzaLsYEfA==, figureFileBig=yThMOTTaiEgXAM7XrLytsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224472596557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=图2, caption=McNF-κB结构域, figureFileSmall=tkJ2MpR2LLccogzaLsYEfA==, figureFileBig=yThMOTTaiEgXAM7XrLytsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224543899729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Multiple alignment analysis of NF-κB amino acid sequences of different species

Green borders indicate multiple ANK domains; red borders indicate DEATH domain; the amino acids in dark gray boxes indicate conserved residues with 100% homology; the amino acids in pink boxes show conservation of residues with > 75% homology; the amino acids in green boxes show conservation of residues with > 50% homology

, figureFileSmall=m8asWDjbpklzeotGKE4Pgw==, figureFileBig=/2JOD3qhlSy3faF7Q93IDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224657145940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同物种NF-κB氨基酸序列多重比对分析

绿色框线表示具有多个ANK结构域;红色框线表示死亡结构域;深色背景中的氨基酸序列具有100%的同源性;粉色背景中氨基酸具有大于75%的同源性;绿色背景中氨基酸具有大于50%的同源性

, figureFileSmall=m8asWDjbpklzeotGKE4Pgw==, figureFileBig=/2JOD3qhlSy3faF7Q93IDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224762003545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Phylogenetic tree of NF-κB amino acid sequences in different species, figureFileSmall=XDZtWgl6CzEZfDfK7dFHug==, figureFileBig=urGBW2UQlbBr0NFvw9cA7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224845889626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同物种NF-κB氨基酸序列系统进化树, figureFileSmall=XDZtWgl6CzEZfDfK7dFHug==, figureFileBig=urGBW2UQlbBr0NFvw9cA7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325224950747230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Expression of McNF-κB gene in different tissues of Mytilus coruscus

Bars with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=jFyqf3tcxUasSmp0Sr1eyQ==, figureFileBig=NEQCvzrnEAXtV9QnDohAXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325225047216227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=图5, caption=McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝不同组织的表达

不同字母表示各组间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=jFyqf3tcxUasSmp0Sr1eyQ==, figureFileBig=NEQCvzrnEAXtV9QnDohAXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325225173045351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Expression of McNF-κB gene in the pre- and post-metamorphosis stages of Mytilus coruscus larvae

Bars with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=AU+wlcISTYnWozuk2soSIw==, figureFileBig=9IkQQGa+g8NoaCJat+Lp1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325225252737132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=图6, caption=McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝幼虫变态前后阶段的表达

不同字母表示各组间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=AU+wlcISTYnWozuk2soSIw==, figureFileBig=9IkQQGa+g8NoaCJat+Lp1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325225332428914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Larval metamorphosis rate (A) and survival rates (B) after RNA interference with McNF-κB gene

Bars with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=g0xXveTzb/1xKkYM3VZihA==, figureFileBig=VHguP6mDSN3plw6+WK6uUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325225412120694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=图7, caption=RNA干扰McNF-κB基因后的幼虫变态率(A)和存活率(B)

不同字母表示各组间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=g0xXveTzb/1xKkYM3VZihA==, figureFileBig=VHguP6mDSN3plw6+WK6uUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215325225508589691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primers sequences used for full-length cDNA cloning and Mytilus coruscus NF-κB gene mRNA expression analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称序列用途
McNF-κB-1-3′ RACETGACAGAAAAGGCAATACCCCG3′ RACE
McNF-κB-2-3′ RACEGAGGTGACCCTGAGATGGAA3′ RACE
McNF-κB-1-5′ RACEGAGGTTGGCAAAAGTGACAG5′ RACE
McNF-κB-2-5′ RACECTTCAGAACATTTGCCCCC5′ RACE
McNF-κB-RT-FGTATACCCAGACCCCAATCqRT-PCR
McNF-κB-RT-RTCTTCTACCGTCACCACCqRT-PCR
EF-1α-RT-FCACCACGAGTCTCTCCCTGAqRT-PCR
EF-1α-RT-RGCTGTCACCACAGACCA TTCCqRT-PCR
), ArticleFig(id=1215325225613447297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1212062517115883610, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

厚壳贻贝NF-κB基因cDNA全长克隆和mRNA表达分析所用的引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称序列用途
McNF-κB-1-3′ RACETGACAGAAAAGGCAATACCCCG3′ RACE
McNF-κB-2-3′ RACEGAGGTGACCCTGAGATGGAA3′ RACE
McNF-κB-1-5′ RACEGAGGTTGGCAAAAGTGACAG5′ RACE
McNF-κB-2-5′ RACECTTCAGAACATTTGCCCCC5′ RACE
McNF-κB-RT-FGTATACCCAGACCCCAATCqRT-PCR
McNF-κB-RT-RTCTTCTACCGTCACCACCqRT-PCR
EF-1α-RT-FCACCACGAGTCTCTCCCTGAqRT-PCR
EF-1α-RT-RGCTGTCACCACAGACCA TTCCqRT-PCR
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厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscusMcNF-κB基因的克隆及其在发育中的作用
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任泓妤 1, 2 , 刘甜甜 1, 2 , 竹攸汀 1, 2 , 杨金龙 1, 2 , 梁箫 1, 2, *
海洋学报 | 论文 2023,45(9): 141-151
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海洋学报 | 论文 2023, 45(9): 141-151
厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscusMcNF-κB基因的克隆及其在发育中的作用
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任泓妤1, 2 , 刘甜甜1, 2, 竹攸汀1, 2, 杨金龙1, 2, 梁箫1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1 上海海洋大学 上海市水产动物良种创制与绿色养殖协同创新中心,上海 201306
  • 2 上海海洋大学 国家海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心,上海 201306
  • 任泓妤(1999-),女,河南省焦作市人,研究方向为海洋贝类分子生物学。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*梁箫(1983-),女,博士,副教授,主要从事海洋微生物与海洋贝类互作关系研究。E-mail:
Cloning of the McNF-κB gene of Mytilus coruscus and its role in development
Hongyu Ren1, 2 , Tiantian Liu1, 2, Youting Zhu1, 2, Jinlong Yang1, 2, Xiao Liang1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
  • 2International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China
出版时间: 2023-09-30 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023114
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核因子κB(Nuclear Factor kappa-B,NF-κB)具有免疫、炎症、凋亡、细胞增殖和发育的调节作用,目前NF-κB在脊椎动物和果蝇中的研究较为丰富,在贝类中的报道较少。为进一步探究NF-κB在厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)免疫和发育中的作用,本研究克隆了厚壳贻贝McNF-κB基因的序列全长,其全长为4 087 bp,开放阅读框为2 613 bp,编码871个氨基酸,具有典型的锚蛋白重复序列(ankyrinrepeat, ANK)结构域和死亡结构域。氨基酸序列分析结果发现,该基因与欧洲贻贝(Mytilus edulis)和地中海贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)分别具有72.76%和66.58%同源性,且在系统进化树中与欧洲贻贝和地中海贻贝聚为一支。经实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检验表明,McNF-κB基因于厚壳贻贝各组织均有分布,在鳃中表达最高;McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝眼点幼虫阶段和稚贝阶段均有表达,且在稚贝阶段表达量显著高于眼点幼虫阶段。利用RNA干扰技术沉默眼点幼虫McNF-κB基因后幼虫变态率显著下降,推测McNF-κB基因调控厚壳贻贝幼虫变态过程。本研究为探究McNF-κB基因如何调控厚壳贻贝发育奠定了基础。

厚壳贻贝  /  NF-κB  /  基因克隆  /  幼虫变态

Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) can regulate immunity, inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and organism development. At present, NF-κB has been well studied in vertebrates and fruit flies, while its role in shellfish is still elusive. In order to further explore the role of NF-κB in the immunity and development of mussel Mytilus coruscus, the full length McNF-κB cDNA sequence was cloned from M. coruscus. McNF-κB gene was 4087 bp long, and the open reading frame was 2 613 bp, encoding 871 amino acids and had a typical ankyrinrepeat (ANK) domain and DEATH domain. The results of amino acid sequence analysis showed that the gene had 72.76% homology with M. edulis and 66.58% with M. galloprovincialis, respectively, and was clustered with M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis in the phylogenetic tree. The real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) technology showed that the McNF-κB gene was expressed distributed in all tissues of M. coruscus, and the expression was the highest in the gill. McNF-κB gene was expressed in both the pediveliger larvae stage and the juvenile stage of M. coruscus, and the expression was significantly higher in the pediveliger larvae stage than that in the juvenile stage. After using RNA interference technology to silence the McNF-κB gene of pediveliger larvae, the larval metamorphosis rate decreased significantly, indicating that this gene was involved in regulating the metamorphosis process of M. coruscus. This study provides a basis for exploring how McNF-κB gene regulates development of M. coruscus.

Mytilus coruscus  /  NF-κB  /  gene cloning  /  larval metamorphosis
任泓妤, 刘甜甜, 竹攸汀, 杨金龙, 梁箫. 厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscusMcNF-κB基因的克隆及其在发育中的作用. 海洋学报, 2023 , 45 (9) : 141 -151 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023114
Hongyu Ren, Tiantian Liu, Youting Zhu, Jinlong Yang, Xiao Liang. Cloning of the McNF-κB gene of Mytilus coruscus and its role in development[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2023 , 45 (9) : 141 -151 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023114
厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)是我国沿海常见的双壳类生物,也是我国重要的海水养殖物种,具有营养丰富、肉味鲜美等特点[1-2]。而如今,野生厚壳贻贝生物量大量减少以及商业环境下的供不应求导致养殖产业面临苗种量稀缺问题[3],所以苗种数量是亟待解决的一个问题。厚壳贻贝生长过程包括营浮游生活的幼虫阶段和底栖生活的成贝阶段,而幼虫向成贝转变的附着变态过程是其生长发育的重要环节[4],因此探究附着变态机制对提升厚壳贻贝幼苗存活率及其野生生物量的恢复具有重要的价值。以往的研究发现Toll样受体(Toll-Like Receptor, TLR)通路的TLR[5],Wnt信号通路的Wnt4Wnt7b基因[6-7]及一氧化氮信号通路的一氧化氮合酶(NOS)基因[8]都可能参与了厚壳贻贝的幼虫变态过程,其中核因子 κB(Nuclear Factor kappa-B,NF-κB)不仅作为Toll样受体通路的入核因子[9],还同Wnt信号通路交叉调控均可激活NOS基因的表达[10],NF-κB转录因子介导厚壳贻贝幼虫变态的内部分子机制尚不清楚。
NF-κB是NF-κB信号通路的核心,控制着免疫、炎症、凋亡和细胞增殖等重要调控基因的表达[11]。NF-κB最初被鉴定为B细胞特异性转录因子,其结合免疫球蛋白(Ig)中的κB位点[12]。随后在所有细胞类型中都发现了NF-κB的存在。当细胞接收到信号时,NF-κB从抑制蛋白κB(IκB)释放出来,然后迅速进入细胞核,激活各种下游基因的表达[13]。1986年,NF-κB蛋白首次在小鼠(Mus musculus[14]中发现,在哺乳动物中,NF-κB家族由5种蛋白组成:RelA(p65)、RelB、c-Rel、NF-κB1(p105/p50)和NF-κB2(p100/p52),存在着主要的两条信号通路:Toll样受体通路和肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor, TNF)受体通路[15]
在果蝇(Drosophila)中,发现有3种NF-κB家族蛋白:Dorsal、Dif和Relish[16],也存在两种信号通路:Toll通路和免疫缺陷(Immune Deficiency, IMD)通路[17]。果蝇的NF-κB家族蛋白除了具有与哺乳动物相似的抗细菌和抗真菌的免疫效应,果蝇的Dorsal蛋白还决定胚胎背腹轴的形成[18],与生长发育有关。除此之外,NF-κB在其他无脊椎动物的研究中也取得一定进展[19-28]。在贝类的研究中,已在太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas[29]、九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor supertexta[30]、盘鲍(Haliotis discus discus[31]、光滑双脐螺(Biomphalaria glabrata[32]和栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri[33]等物种中克隆得到NF-κB基因,但该基因在这些贝类发育中的功能仍不得知。
本研究克隆了NF-κB基因全长,验证了其在各组织的分布情况以及在幼虫变态前后的表达情况,利用RNA干扰技术验证该基因在幼虫变态过程中的功能。本研究探究了NF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝发育中的作用,为研究厚壳贻贝变态的分子作用机制奠定基础,为养殖产业提供更多的理论依据。
厚壳贻贝成贝取自中国浙江省嵊泗列岛东部的枸杞岛(30°46N,122°44E),成贝到达实验室后需在水温为21℃且盐度为30的海水中暂养1周。暂养后解剖成贝取得唇瓣、血淋巴、外套膜、闭壳肌、鳃、消化腺、足、肠和性腺的组织样品,液氮速冻后存于−80℃,用于总RNA提取。
利用Yang等[34]的厚壳贻贝人工受精方式培养得到实验所用眼点幼虫(壳长:(235 ± 55)μm,壳高:(216 ± 55)μm,N = 50)。避光培养于水温18℃的海水中,密度为5只/mL,培养的幼虫用于后续实验。
将所收集的样品进行RNA的提取,实验方法参考RNAiso Plus试剂(TaKaRa,日本)手册。RNA浓度用Nanodrop 2000超微量分光光度计(Thermo Scientific,美国)检测,RNA质量用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。RACE cDNA第一条链遵循SMARTer™ RACE 5′/3′ Kit 试剂盒(Clontech,日本)合成。
通过厚壳贻贝转录组文库得到NF-κB基因转录组DNA序列,遵循SMARTer™ RACE 5′/3′ Kit试剂盒(Clontech,日本),设计操作指南中规定的RACE反应特异性引物(表1),进行RACE扩增。扩增后的产物回收、连接及转化,于生工生物工程(上海)有限公司对阳性克隆菌株测序,拼接后得到NF-κB基因全长。
开放阅读框(Opean Reading Frame,ORF)的查询和预测蛋白的分子量、等电点分别借助ORF Finder (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/orffinder/)和ExPASys(https://web.expasy.org/protparam/);预测蛋白结构域使用SMART(http://smart.embl-heidelberg.de/);氨基酸序列多重比对使用Clustal Omega(https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalo/)和DNAman软件共同完成;利用MEGA X软件采用邻接法(Neighbor-Joining, NJ)基于Kimura双参数(Kimura 2-parameter, K2)模型,自举检验(Bootstrap test)检测1 000次,构建系统进化树[35-36]
根据所克隆的NF-κB基因及作为内参基因的EF-1α序列,分别设计qRT-PCR引物(表1)。参照说明书使用Fast Start Essential DNA Green Master试剂盒(Roche,瑞士)对NF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝各组织及幼虫变态前后阶段的表达情况进行qRT-PCR检测[37]。各个组织收集5个生物学重复,幼虫变态前后阶段收集4个生物学重复,每个样品两次技术重复。将NF-κB基因在不同样品中的相对丰度通过JMP 10.0软件进行单因素方差分析判断其差异性,p < 0.05表示差异性显著。
实验所用的siRNA(Short interfering RNA)由吉玛公司(GenePharma,上海)设计合成。利用电穿孔法[38-39]将siRNA转染入眼点幼虫,将幼虫置于只含有高压灭菌过滤海水(AFSW)含有0.4 μg/mL NF-κB siRNA(NF-κB siRNA序列:5'-GCGCCAUCUACUCUCAAUATT-3')及含有0.4 μg/mL非目的基因siRNA的无酶Tube管中孵育5 min,每组100~200只幼虫,随后将幼虫和siRNA混合物转移至GenePulser Xcell电穿孔仪(Bio-Rad,美国)配套的电击杯(Bio-Rad,美国)中进行电击,电击后的幼虫于AFSW中静置24 h后进行变态诱导实验。
使用肾上腺素(Epinephrine, EPI)诱导幼虫变态[39]。本实验共设5个组别:AFSW对照组、EPI诱导对照组(非电击)、仅电击后EPI诱导组、NC siRNA转染后EPI诱导组、McNF-κB siRNA转染后EPI诱导组。除AFSW对照组,其他实验组使用10−4 mol/mL的EPI分别暴露刺激电击结束静置24 h后的幼虫,各组均设置9个平行,每个平行均将20只幼虫置于含有20 mL AFSW的灭菌玻璃皿中,各组均统计连续暴露24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h后的变态数量,并且记录14 h内的存活数量。
利用RACE克隆技术获得McNF-κB基因全长(GenBank登录号:OM930729)。该基因全长为4 087 bp,5′非编码区为897 bp,3′非编码区为574 bp,ORF为2 613 bp,编码871个氨基酸。预测McNF-κB基因的编码蛋白分子量为63.303 KD,等电点为5.71(图1)。SMART预测McNF-κB的结构域,结果显示,第439~468位氨基酸、第479~508位氨基酸、第512~542位氨基酸、第555~584位氨基酸、第589~619位氨基酸、第623~652位氨基酸为ANK结构域,第750~837位氨基酸为死亡结构域(图2)。ANK结构域和死亡结构域是NF-κB家族蛋白calss Ⅰ类型C端结构的特征[40]
将厚壳贻贝McNF-κB基因的氨基酸序列与欧洲贻贝(M. edulis)、地中海贻贝(M. galloprovincialis)、黑腹果蝇(D. melanogaster)和人(Homo sapiens)的氨基酸序列进行比对,一致性分别为72.76%、66.58%、14.41%和18.85%。厚壳贻贝McNF-κB与以上几个物种进行氨基酸多序列比对后发现其具有相似的特征,McNF-κB基因具有多个保守的ANK结构域和死亡结构域,其中ANK结构域和死亡结构域与欧洲贻贝的相似度分别为100%和97.73%,ANK结构域与地中海贻贝的相似度为99.07%(图3)。系统进化树结果显示,厚壳贻贝首先与欧洲贻贝和地中海贻贝聚为一支,再依次与虾夷扇贝(C. farreri)、三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)、砂海螂(Mya arenaria)等聚为一支(图4),表明McNF-κB基因符合传统进化关系。
成贝各组织中的McNF-κB基因表达结果显示,McNF-κB基因在各组织中均有表达(图5)。其中,McNF-κB基因在鳃的表达量显著最高(p < 0.05),在外套膜和唇瓣的表达量其次,然后依次为足、肠、闭壳肌、消化腺、血淋巴和性腺。表达量最高的鳃中该基因的表达水平为表达量最低的性腺中的8.73倍。
McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝幼虫变态过程的定量表达结果显示,McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝眼点幼虫和稚贝中均有表达,且稚贝阶段表达量显著高于眼点幼虫阶段,升高了1.86倍(p < 0.05)(图6)。
实验结果显示,在暴露刺激72 h后,EPI诱导对照组的变态率为51.1%。仅电击后EPI诱导组的变态率为38.3%,与EPI诱导组相比明显下降(p < 0.05)。NC siRNA转染后EPI诱导组和McNF-κB siRNA转染后EPI诱导组的幼虫变态率分别是27.8%和6.7%,相比仅电击后EPI诱导组明显下降(p < 0.05),而McNF-κB siRNA转染后EPI诱导组的幼虫变态率显著低于NC siRNA转染后EPI诱导组(p < 0.05),下降了76%(图7A)。在连续暴露刺激14 d后幼虫存活率结果显示,McNF-κB siRNA和NC siRNA转染后与空白对照组相比无显著差异(p > 0.05)(图7B)。
NF-κB转录因子的研究多集中在脊椎动物和果蝇的免疫调控机制[41-45],而在贝类中少有研究,尤其是贝类变态发育过程中的作用不清楚,因此研究NF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝免疫和发育中的作用具有重要意义。本研究克隆了厚壳贻贝McNF-κB基因,该基因编码871个氨基酸。其氨基酸序列包含了6个ANK结构域和1个死亡结构域。NF-κB家族蛋白通过C端存在不同的结构可以分为两类:Calss I和Calss II。Calss I蛋白的C端含有多个具有反式阻遏作用的ANK结构域和1个死亡结构域,Calss II蛋白的C端有拓扑相关结构域(Topologically Associating Domains, TAD)[40]。Calss I蛋白合成后需要先水解掉C端的锚蛋白重复序列ANKs,再加工后具有转录激活作用。由于TAD有正向调节基因表达的作用,Calss II蛋白在合成后便具有转录激活作用[13]。因此厚壳贻贝McNF-κB基因结构域与Calss Ⅰ类蛋白的C端特征一致。通过氨基酸序列比对分析发现,厚壳贻贝McNF-κB与双壳贝类的欧洲贻贝和地中海贻贝进行比对具有较高的一致性,分别为72.76%和66.58%,结合系统进化树中该基因与其他软体动物最终聚为一枝的结果,说明该基因属于NF-κB家族。
有研究发现在太平洋牡蛎(C. gigas[29]CgRel基因在鳃中表达最高,鳃作为直接接触外界环境的组织,易受到病原菌的侵害而产生免疫反应。此外,在太平洋牡蛎(C. gigas[29]、九孔鲍(H. diversicolor supertexta[30]和栉孔扇贝(C. farreri[33]中的NF-κB基因是具有免疫作用的。本研究结果表明,McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝各组织中均有分布,在鳃中表达最高,其次是外套膜和唇瓣,推测McNF-κB基因与鳃、外套膜和唇瓣的滤食或直接接触外界环境所起到的防御前线功能有关,暗示该基因在厚壳贻贝机体中也发挥着免疫作用。
附着变态过程是厚壳贻贝生长发育的关键,幼虫进入变态时,其外部特征、内部构造、生理机能和生活习性等方面会产生不小改变,如壳型改变、面盘萎缩、变态后分泌足丝营附着生活。幼虫变态完成后会出现鳃,而McNF-κB基因在鳃中表达量最高,推测McNF-κB基因可能与幼虫变态发育有关。对此,本研究进行了幼虫变态前后阶段的McNF-κB基因定量,结果发现McNF-κB基因在稚贝阶段的表达显著高于眼点幼虫阶段。有关免疫反应和幼虫变态的关系,Davidson和Sualla[46]推测在毛海鞘(Boltenia villosa)幼虫变态过程中免疫反应不仅协调幼虫组织的吸收,也应对幼虫组织凋亡和再生带来的异常应激水平。同样在厚壳贻贝幼虫变态过程中,可能存在类似情况,具体机理还需进一步探究。除此之外,也有研究发现不少物种的幼虫变态前后阶段有关免疫的基因呈现差异性表达,如笠贝(Lottia gigantea[47]、耳鲍(Haliotis asinina[48]和玻璃海鞘(Ciona intestinalis[49]。为了进一步验证McNF-κB基因是否参与调控幼虫变态过程,本研究选用EPI作为变态的诱导剂[4]进行RNA干扰实验。
本研究中,在EPI诱导72 h后,仅电击后EPI诱导组的变态率相对EPI诱导组显著下降,这与刘志显等[50]的结果一致。McNF-κB siRNA转染后的幼虫变态率相对于EPI诱导对照组和NC siRNA转染后EPI诱导组分别下降了86.9%和76%,说明在McNF-κB siRNA转染后抑制了幼虫变态,表明McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝幼虫变态过程中发挥作用。NF-κB信号通路中的Toll样受体通路的TLR可以识别病原表面保守的病原相关分子模式(PAMPs)如脂多糖和鞭毛蛋白等,在TLR被识别后,募集髓样分化因子88(Myeloid Differentiation Factor88, MyD88)后激活下游信号通路,最终激活NF-κB转录因子[51-52]。本课题组以往研究发现,脂多糖和鞭毛蛋白对厚壳贻贝幼虫变态具有诱导活性[53-54], 同时本研究的McNF-κB基因对幼虫变态具有作用,推测脂多糖和鞭毛蛋白可能通过激活Toll样受体通路诱导幼虫变态,即McNF-κB基因可以通过Toll样受体通路途径参与调控幼虫变态过程。在NF-κB信号通路的TNF受体通路中凋亡抑制因子(Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins, IAPs)可以诱导NF-κB的活化而抑制凋亡基因caspase的表达起到抗凋亡的作用[55-57],但有研究发现NF-κB也会抑制抗凋亡基因的活化从而促进凋亡[58],也有研究发现NF-κB在特殊的刺激或细胞种类中具有促凋亡作用[59-60]。以往研究发现厚壳贻贝McCaspase 3-4基因参与调控幼虫变态[50],因此推测McNF-κB基因可能同McCaspase 3-4基因一样在幼虫变态过程中起到了促凋亡的作用,两者具体的关系还有待进一步研究。除此之外,也有研究发现其他物种的NF-κB对生长发育具有调控作用,如在鱼类脊索周围的组织发育过程中起关键作用[61],非洲爪蟾(Xenopus laevis)中克隆出的Rel同源物在发育中的大脑神经晚期表达[62],果蝇的Dorsal蛋白决定其背腹轴的形成[18]
本研究克隆得到了厚壳贻贝McNF-κB基因cDNA全长,其具有ANK结构域和死亡结构域。通过分析McNF-κB基因在各组织的表达情况,推测该基因参与调控厚壳贻贝免疫过程。通过分析McNF-κB基因在不同发育阶段中的表达情况及McNF-κB基因RNA干扰后的结果,推测该基因参与调控厚壳贻贝的变态发育过程。厚壳贻贝是我国重要的水产养殖物种之一,其幼虫变态率对提高苗种存活率及产量具有决定性的作用,因此探究厚壳贻贝发育过程中变态相关的分子作用机制具有重大的意义,McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝发育过程中所起到具体的调控机制还需深入探究。
  • 上海市学术带头人项目(20XD1421800);国家自然科学基金(41876159)。
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2023年第45卷第9期
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doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023114
  • 接收时间:2023-01-29
  • 首发时间:2025-12-28
  • 出版时间:2023-09-30
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  • 收稿日期:2023-01-29
  • 修回日期:2023-04-20
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上海市学术带头人项目(20XD1421800);国家自然科学基金(41876159)。
作者信息
    1 上海海洋大学 上海市水产动物良种创制与绿色养殖协同创新中心,上海 201306
    2 上海海洋大学 国家海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心,上海 201306

通讯作者:

*梁箫(1983-),女,博士,副教授,主要从事海洋微生物与海洋贝类互作关系研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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