Article(id=1211432603543015555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211432600565059654, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2023071, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1666713600000, receivedDateStr=2022-10-26, revisedDate=1671033600000, revisedDateStr=2022-12-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766757640014, onlineDateStr=2025-12-26, pubDate=1688054400000, pubDateStr=2023-06-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766757640014, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766757640014, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766757640014, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1211432600565059654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2023', volume='45', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='170', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766757639304, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766924606299, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212132910937805036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211432600565059654, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212132910941999341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211432600565059654, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=75, endPage=92, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1211432603928891542, articleId=1211432603543015555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Mineral chemistry and genetic significance of clinopyroxenes in the basement basalts from the southern Kyushu-Palau Ridge, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The Kyushu-Palau ridge (KPR) is an important part of the proto-Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc. The mineralogical and petrological studies of the arc basement rocks can provide significant insights for understanding the petrogenesis and magmatism characteristics of the early stage of intra-oceanic island arc evolution. In this paper, we performed petrographic and detailed mineral geochemical analyses including in situ major-trace elements of clinopyroxene (Cpx) phenocrysts and microcrystals from the basement basalts from the southern KPR. The results show that clinopyroxenes are mainly augites and diopside, which generally have similar chemical components for the phenocrysts and microcrystals. These clinopyroxenes are depleted in light rare earth elements with weak Eu negative anomalies. Most of the Cpx macrocrysts display zoning structures, which can be classified into basic and oscillatory zoning. The MgO, FeO, Al2O3, TiO2 and Mg# contents show complex high-low variations from the pyroxene core to the rim, indicating multi-period magma mixing and replenishment events. The crystallization temperature and pressure of Cpx phenocrysts are 1 151−1210℃ and 1.3×108−4.2×108 Pa, respectively. In addition, the water content of parent magma obtained by the inversion calculated from Cpx components is 0.8%−2.3% (wet weight). Conclusively, we suggested that the parent magma of the southern KPR lavas that formed within a typical intra-oceanic island-arc setting is a sub-alkaline island-arc tholeiite basaltic melt with high temperature, medium pressure, and high oxygen fugacity. The magma chambers were shallow in depth and there existed multi-period replenishment and mixing of primitive magma.

, correspAuthors=Quanshu Yan, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2023 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhenxuan Liu, Quanshu Yan, Yanguang Liu, Gang Yang, Xuefa Shi), CN=ArticleExt(id=1211432606382559537, articleId=1211432603543015555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩的单斜辉石矿物化学及成因意义, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

九州−帕劳脊是古伊豆−小笠原−马里亚纳弧的重要组成,对其上基底岩石开展矿物学和岩石学研究可为理解洋内岛弧演化早期的岩石成因和岩浆活动特点提供重要线索。本文对九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩中的单斜辉石斑晶和微晶开展详细的岩相学和原位主微量元素分析,结果表明,单斜辉石斑晶与微晶整体上具有相似的化学组分,为普通辉石及透辉石等种属,且亏损轻稀土元素,Eu负异常不明显。多数单斜辉石斑晶具有环带结构,可划分为简单环带及韵律性环带两类;从辉石核部到边部,MgO、FeO、Al2O3、TiO2含量与核部镁指数Mg#等呈现复杂的高低变化,指示了多期次的岩浆混合与补给事件。单斜辉石的结晶温度、压力分别为1 151~1 210℃和1.3×108~4.2×108 Pa。通过单斜辉石组分反演获得的母岩浆含水量为0.8%~2.3%(以湿质量计)。最后,我们提出,形成于典型的洋内岛弧背景下的九州−帕劳脊南段熔岩的母岩浆为亚碱性岛弧拉斑玄武质熔体,具有高温、中压、高氧逸度的特征,岩浆房深度较浅并存在多期次原始岩浆的补给和混合。

, correspAuthors=鄢全树, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*鄢全树,男,研究员,博士,主要从事海底岩浆活动与构造演化方面研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=6tcJWclqnZX2HM4ibr2j5g==, magXml=fkKDvFN+G0igQvaeJd5h1w==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=iuoDtiN1FPloNiJmYI53Ug==, pdfFileSize=3776985, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=jCBb6DfWmFbFWF4YbPmceQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=S2wviIeMhrG9SZiHZs80UA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘振轩(1995-),男,甘肃省天水市人,主要从事海底岩石地球化学方面研究。 E-mail:

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刘振轩(1995-),男,甘肃省天水市人,主要从事海底岩石地球化学方面研究。 E-mail:

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刘振轩(1995-),男,甘肃省天水市人,主要从事海底岩石地球化学方面研究。 E-mail:

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Computers & Geosciences, 1993, 19(9): 1333−1350., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215313905744793770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=65, rfOrder=75, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Aoki K I. Clinopyroxenes from alkaline rocks of Japan[J]. American Mineralogist, 1964, 49(9/10): 1199−1223., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215313905803514027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=66, rfOrder=76, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kuritani T, Yoshida T, Kimura J I, et al. Water content of primitive low-K tholeiitic basalt magma from Iwate Volcano, NE Japan arc: implications for differentiation mechanism of frontal-arc basalt magmas[J]. Mineralogy and Petrology, 2014, 108(1): 1−11., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215313905879011500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=67, rfOrder=77, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Perinelli C, Mollo S, Gaeta M, et al. An improved clinopyroxene-based hygrometer for Etnean magmas and implications for eruption triggering mechanisms[J]. American Mineralogist, 2016, 101(12): 2774−2777., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215313905933537453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=68, rfOrder=78, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Armienti P, Perinelli C, Putirka K D. A new model to estimate deep-level magma ascent rates, with applications to Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy)[J]. Journal of Petrology, 2013, 54(4): 795−813., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215313906017423534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=69, rfOrder=79, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Aparicio A. Relationship between clinopyroxene composition and the formation environment of volcanic host rocks[J]. 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a. Photomicrographs showing clinopyroxene and resorption textures of plagioclase phenocrysts in sample CJ09-123-3-1(crossed polarized light), some Cpx phenocrysts showing cleavage structure; b and c. the backscattered electron (BSE) images of the typical mineral phenocrysts and microcrystals in the sample, the cpx phenocrysts have alternately dark and bright zones with local resorption texture, the cpx microcrystals show no distinct color and zoned variations. cpx: clinopyroxene, pl: plagioclase

, figureFileSmall=twRVcNajLri2AbiB+XcFgw==, figureFileBig=wrRQe98QiguK5M+qXb8jHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313894910907342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图2, caption=九州−帕劳脊南段玄武岩及主要矿物岩相学特征

a. CJ09-123-3-1样品正交偏光镜下图像,可见单斜辉石斑晶及斜长石斑晶,斜长石内部有熔蚀结构,部分单斜辉石裂理发育;b和c. 样品中典型矿物斑晶及微晶的背散射电子(BSE)图像,可见单斜辉石斑晶内部明暗相间分布的环带结构,局部有熔蚀痕迹,矿物微晶无明显颜色及环带变化。cpx:单斜辉石;pl:斜长石

, figureFileSmall=twRVcNajLri2AbiB+XcFgw==, figureFileBig=wrRQe98QiguK5M+qXb8jHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313894986404818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Wo-En-Fs nomenclature of studied pyroxene crystals (based on reference [35]), figureFileSmall=7SxYehqoL4tWOq0+oBUHrA==, figureFileBig=tAqPy5jOTd+/Dxa6sCdUbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895074485207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图3, caption=本研究辉石的三段元分类图(底图据文献[35]), figureFileSmall=7SxYehqoL4tWOq0+oBUHrA==, figureFileBig=tAqPy5jOTd+/Dxa6sCdUbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895175148505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Compositional profiles for the major elements and backscattered electron (BSE) images of representative pyroxene phenocrysts from the southern KPR

a. Representative cpx with dark core; b. representative cpx with bright core; c. the cpx named CJ09-123-5 with complex rhythmically zoning; d. variation of important elements in the sections of simple zoned clinopyroxenes; e. variation of important elements in the section of complex zoned clinopyroxene. The red lines in the images indicate the test sections

, figureFileSmall=iQxDndlIxIG9V8JwkZvLCw==, figureFileBig=UJM8kr2jkoytnUsGzxLP8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895280006110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图4, caption=九州−帕劳脊南段代表性单斜辉石背散射图像及剖面成分特征

a. 代表性深色核部单斜辉石;b. 代表性浅色核部单斜辉石;c. 具有韵律性复杂环带的单斜辉石斑晶CJ09-123-5;d. 简单环带辉石剖面元素变化;e. 复杂环带辉石剖面元素变化。图像中红线指示测试剖面

, figureFileSmall=iQxDndlIxIG9V8JwkZvLCw==, figureFileBig=UJM8kr2jkoytnUsGzxLP8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895401640930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the clinopyroxenes in basalt from Site CJ09-123

CI chondrite values cited from reference [37]

, figureFileSmall=MnQTurWL6EihZgl51BLhEQ==, figureFileBig=axc0m23mLB4hVVbd+vUMkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895502304229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图5, caption=CJ09-123站位玄武岩中单斜辉石稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图解

球粒陨石数据源于文献[37]

, figureFileSmall=MnQTurWL6EihZgl51BLhEQ==, figureFileBig=axc0m23mLB4hVVbd+vUMkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895615550443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Discriminant diagrams of magma series

a. Si-Al diagram of Clinopyroxenes (from reference [42]);b. Ca + Na vs. Ti; c. Ti vs. Al(total) diagrams (from reference [38]); d. Al2O3 vs. SiO2 diagram of Clinopyroxenes (from reference [41]). The contents of each elements are expressed in terms of atoms per formula unit (apfu) in figures a-c, and in terms of wet mass percentage in figure d

, figureFileSmall=c++WiXs8Swy4TAl9XnG+ZA==, figureFileBig=rSTgtjWqmIRZnKAR6irMmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895695242224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图6, caption=岩浆系列判别图解

a. 单斜辉石Si-Al关系图(据文献[42];b. 单斜辉石Ti-Ca+Na图解;c. 单斜辉石Ti-Al图解(据文献[38]);d.单斜辉石Al2O3-SiO2图解(据文献[41]);图a−c中各元素含量以单位分子原子数(apfu)表示,图d中以湿质量百分比表示

, figureFileSmall=c++WiXs8Swy4TAl9XnG+ZA==, figureFileBig=rSTgtjWqmIRZnKAR6irMmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895779128309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Chemical compositional variations for clinopyroxenes phenocrysts, figureFileSmall=pilQUvAT1dJjZLkGdImj7A==, figureFileBig=GCAUMJ9mguJPAXAEmUvlIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313895892374523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图7, caption=单斜辉石化学组分成分协变图, figureFileSmall=pilQUvAT1dJjZLkGdImj7A==, figureFileBig=GCAUMJ9mguJPAXAEmUvlIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896022396930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Diagrams of clinopyroxene-melt pairs in equilibrium conditions

a. Comparison of measured Mg# values of Cpx phenocrysts and their host whole-rocks. Gray fields define the equilibrium curves between Cpx and melt. The Mg# value of the host whole-rock is 67.1(unpublished data). Fig. b‒d are plots of the predicted compositions (DiHd) of Cpx compared to the observed compositions. The dashed lines and the thin black lines indicate 1σ and 2σ, respectively. DiHd = diopside + hedenbergite, EnFs = enstatite + ferrosilite and CaTs = Ca-Tschermak

, figureFileSmall=d8tEHXcGLjq13H7wiwN3KA==, figureFileBig=XlE0hEnYIn9hWK10Fhm/vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896127254531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图8, caption=单斜辉石‒熔体平衡对分布图

图a中灰色区域代表平衡区间,寄主全岩Mg#值为67.1(未发表数据);图b‒d中虚线及黑色细线分别指示1σ和2σ;DiHd(透辉石+钙铁辉石),EnFs(顽辉石+斜铁辉石),CaTs(钙契尔马克分子)

, figureFileSmall=d8tEHXcGLjq13H7wiwN3KA==, figureFileBig=XlE0hEnYIn9hWK10Fhm/vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896227917831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Determination of crystallization pressures of studied clinopyroxenes

a. AlIV vs. AlVI diagram for Cpx (from reference [65]); b. Xpt-Ypt diagram of clinopyroxene crystallization P-T conditions (from reference [10], Xpt = 0.446SiO2 + 0.187TiO2 ‒ 0.404Al2O3 + 0.346FeO ‒ 0.052MnO + 0.309MgO + 0.431CaO ‒ 0.446Na2O; Ypt = ‒0.369SiO2 + 0.535TiO2 ‒ 0.317Al2O3 + 0.323FeO +0.235MnO ‒ 0.516MgO ‒ 0.167CaO ‒ 0.153Na2O). apfu: atoms per formula unit

, figureFileSmall=+kmRlKenD/D3E2LVFGR/Gw==, figureFileBig=hP/ukqjClXVWeeCvbl0vTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896315998218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图9, caption=单斜辉石结晶压力判别图

图a 中AlIV-AlVI界线据文献[65];图b中XptYpt计算公式分别为:Xpt = 0.446SiO2 + 0.187TiO2 ‒ 0.404Al2O3 + 0.346FeO ‒ 0.052MnO + 0.309MgO + 0.431CaO ‒ 0.446Na2O; Ypt = ‒0.369SiO2 + 0.535TiO2 ‒ 0.317Al2O3 + 0.323FeO +0.235MnO ‒ 0.516MgO ‒ 0.167CaO ‒ 0.153Na2O;图中相关界线据文献[59];apfu: 单位分子原子数

, figureFileSmall=+kmRlKenD/D3E2LVFGR/Gw==, figureFileBig=hP/ukqjClXVWeeCvbl0vTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896416661517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Discrimination for oxygen fugacity of clinopyroxenes components

Na + AlIV vs. AlVI + 2Ti + Cr diagram for the pyroxenes (from reference [66]). apfu: atoms per formula unit

, figureFileSmall=NrcCjKg+S/EUCdPeXLw9zA==, figureFileBig=xkIh+3YreTdVLiEJxFER2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896492158993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图10, caption=单斜辉石氧逸度判别图

图中氧逸度平衡界线据文献[66];apfu: 单位分子原子数

, figureFileSmall=NrcCjKg+S/EUCdPeXLw9zA==, figureFileBig=xkIh+3YreTdVLiEJxFER2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896571850772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Tectonic discrimination diagrams of clinopyroxenes components

a. F1 vs. F2 discriminant diagram (from reference [40]) (WPA = Within-Plate Alkali basalt, WPT = Within-Plate Tholeiitic basalt, VAB = Volcanic Arc Basalt, OFB = Ocean Floor Basalt); b. Si vs. Fe diagram for the clinopyroxenes of volcanic rocks from different structural backgrounds (from reference [69]). apfu: atoms per formula unit

, figureFileSmall=crxBcC0cVVe/E/JnXLwNZw==, figureFileBig=k2opv78hVjxRYHuWi9VWaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896638959640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=图11, caption=单斜辉石化学组分构造背景判别图解

图a中WPA:板内碱性玄武岩,WPT:板内拉斑玄武岩,VAB:火山弧玄武岩,OFB:洋底玄武岩,F1、F2计算公式据文献[40];图b底图资料据文献[69];apfu: 单位分子原子数

, figureFileSmall=crxBcC0cVVe/E/JnXLwNZw==, figureFileBig=k2opv78hVjxRYHuWi9VWaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313896714457116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Major oxides contents of clinopyroxenes from the southern KPR basalt

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号分析点位氧化物含量/%
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOMnOMgONiOCr2O3CaONa2OK2O总量WoEnFs
注:c代表斑晶核部,m代表斑晶幔部,r代表斑晶边部,b代表矿物微晶。
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), ArticleFig(id=1215313896802537504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩中单斜辉石主要氧化物含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号分析点位氧化物含量/%
SiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOMnOMgONiOCr2O3CaONa2OK2O总量WoEnFs
注:c代表斑晶核部,m代表斑晶幔部,r代表斑晶边部,b代表矿物微晶。
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123px-9r53.300.161.935.480.2017.480.090.6520.600.180.00100.0841.4748.958.94
c52.010.351.958.420.3915.920.020.2020.290.260.0099.8040.7844.5313.77
m53.240.151.925.360.2317.590.000.4520.590.190.0099.7141.3749.198.76
123px-10c51.930.352.279.330.3415.200.000.0420.020.280.0099.7540.6842.9815.29
m53.370.162.544.570.1916.850.060.7921.660.190.00100.3744.0547.707.57
m52.180.362.078.650.2415.140.100.0620.660.330.0099.8041.9642.7914.06
r52.180.202.366.490.2316.670.000.6620.740.230.0099.7641.8346.7710.55
123px-b1b52.730.262.096.390.2516.890.070.7220.040.210.0099.6440.8147.8610.55
b53.020.231.837.100.2717.030.000.5219.760.190.0099.9539.8847.8211.60
123px-b2b48.230.202.106.290.3115.150.088.3318.860.230.0299.8041.4546.3311.31
b52.210.222.096.630.2116.550.051.4920.120.240.0099.8041.1447.0810.91
123px-b3b52.720.272.226.200.2316.650.140.8620.560.230.00100.0741.8247.1210.21
b51.850.262.806.940.2316.090.110.8820.420.220.0099.8041.8545.8811.44
b51.290.332.265.880.2516.190.074.2419.620.200.00100.3341.4847.6410.14
), ArticleFig(id=1215313896978698279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

LA-ICPMS results for rare earth elements of pyroxene phenocrysts from the southern Kyushu-Palau ridge basalt

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测点号矿物
类型
位置稀土元素含量/10−6
LaCePrNdSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLu∑REELREE/
HREE
δEu
注:“−”表示测点矿物形态较小,无法区分位置。
123px-1-1斑晶r0.100.830.211.711.140.331.590.272.040.481.210.201.310.1811.600.590.76
123px-1-2斑晶m0.281.800.473.632.340.722.650.613.830.772.290.341.990.2822.000.720.88
123px-1-3斑晶c0.100.720.201.920.770.271.750.261.750.361.080.120.940.1710.400.620.69
123px-2-1斑晶0.372.700.686.313.611.186.421.147.671.554.470.574.520.5441.730.550.74
123px-2-2斑晶0.161.030.252.011.050.371.830.342.750.461.610.231.160.1613.390.570.80
123px-3-1斑晶c0.241.800.554.102.290.743.180.714.621.082.640.322.590.3425.210.630.84
123px-3-2斑晶m0.080.380.100.720.200.170.870.170.820.220.570.050.500.074.920.511.06
123px-3-3斑晶r0.161.010.242.261.140.371.580.352.410.581.480.241.440.1413.410.630.84
123px-4-1斑晶c0.120.790.201.740.790.251.110.241.790.251.020.090.560.139.090.750.82
123px-4-2斑晶m0.030.370.100.620.330.180.440.100.920.180.370.010.430.094.180.651.44
123px-4-3斑晶r0.200.970.292.410.960.441.970.342.550.511.630.201.220.2513.930.610.95
123px-5-1斑晶c0.140.790.241.611.630.481.750.372.370.421.600.211.660.2713.540.570.87
123px-5-2斑晶m0.050.210.090.220.580.130.650.090.790.150.550.070.370.033.980.480.66
123px-5-3斑晶r0.130.940.301.951.320.452.420.422.970.601.370.191.430.2314.710.530.75
123px-6-1斑晶c0.130.770.121.240.480.281.800.251.870.461.090.181.100.179.950.440.82
123px-6-2斑晶m0.080.350.130.690.490.190.900.181.210.230.580.070.710.095.890.480.84
123px-6-3斑晶m0.140.760.291.651.110.421.810.352.460.441.750.291.440.2413.150.500.90
123px-6-4斑晶r0.110.910.221.780.860.361.630.332.000.361.450.251.370.1811.780.560.92
123px-7-1斑晶c0.191.010.252.411.390.471.540.262.540.521.450.191.800.2214.240.670.98
123px-7-2斑晶r0.180.790.231.831.140.362.250.302.110.471.450.181.240.2112.740.550.67
123px-8-1斑晶c0.301.570.373.601.880.692.920.544.010.802.380.302.330.3522.050.620.89
123px-8-2斑晶m0.090.350.110.620.380.101.230.100.860.180.440.030.510.115.110.480.41
123px-8-3斑晶r0.100.940.292.361.270.422.290.442.750.451.420.171.470.1814.560.590.75
123px-9-1微晶b0.070.790.271.991.280.292.090.221.990.491.070.221.040.1411.940.650.53
SRM 610测量值452.69446.21425.99428.31446.49456.31439.83438.43423.16444.40422.27415.67440.63430.49
理论值 457.00448.00430.00431.00451.00461.00444.00443.00427.00449.00426.00420.00445.00435.00   
BCR-2G测量值 23.9548.815.8425.886.171.886.160.906.321.163.060.443.360.38   
理论值 24.7053.306.7028.906.591.976.711.026.441.273.700.513.390.50
), ArticleFig(id=1215313897058390059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

单斜辉石的稀土元素分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测点号矿物
类型
位置稀土元素含量/10−6
LaCePrNdSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLu∑REELREE/
HREE
δEu
注:“−”表示测点矿物形态较小,无法区分位置。
123px-1-1斑晶r0.100.830.211.711.140.331.590.272.040.481.210.201.310.1811.600.590.76
123px-1-2斑晶m0.281.800.473.632.340.722.650.613.830.772.290.341.990.2822.000.720.88
123px-1-3斑晶c0.100.720.201.920.770.271.750.261.750.361.080.120.940.1710.400.620.69
123px-2-1斑晶0.372.700.686.313.611.186.421.147.671.554.470.574.520.5441.730.550.74
123px-2-2斑晶0.161.030.252.011.050.371.830.342.750.461.610.231.160.1613.390.570.80
123px-3-1斑晶c0.241.800.554.102.290.743.180.714.621.082.640.322.590.3425.210.630.84
123px-3-2斑晶m0.080.380.100.720.200.170.870.170.820.220.570.050.500.074.920.511.06
123px-3-3斑晶r0.161.010.242.261.140.371.580.352.410.581.480.241.440.1413.410.630.84
123px-4-1斑晶c0.120.790.201.740.790.251.110.241.790.251.020.090.560.139.090.750.82
123px-4-2斑晶m0.030.370.100.620.330.180.440.100.920.180.370.010.430.094.180.651.44
123px-4-3斑晶r0.200.970.292.410.960.441.970.342.550.511.630.201.220.2513.930.610.95
123px-5-1斑晶c0.140.790.241.611.630.481.750.372.370.421.600.211.660.2713.540.570.87
123px-5-2斑晶m0.050.210.090.220.580.130.650.090.790.150.550.070.370.033.980.480.66
123px-5-3斑晶r0.130.940.301.951.320.452.420.422.970.601.370.191.430.2314.710.530.75
123px-6-1斑晶c0.130.770.121.240.480.281.800.251.870.461.090.181.100.179.950.440.82
123px-6-2斑晶m0.080.350.130.690.490.190.900.181.210.230.580.070.710.095.890.480.84
123px-6-3斑晶m0.140.760.291.651.110.421.810.352.460.441.750.291.440.2413.150.500.90
123px-6-4斑晶r0.110.910.221.780.860.361.630.332.000.361.450.251.370.1811.780.560.92
123px-7-1斑晶c0.191.010.252.411.390.471.540.262.540.521.450.191.800.2214.240.670.98
123px-7-2斑晶r0.180.790.231.831.140.362.250.302.110.471.450.181.240.2112.740.550.67
123px-8-1斑晶c0.301.570.373.601.880.692.920.544.010.802.380.302.330.3522.050.620.89
123px-8-2斑晶m0.090.350.110.620.380.101.230.100.860.180.440.030.510.115.110.480.41
123px-8-3斑晶r0.100.940.292.361.270.422.290.442.750.451.420.171.470.1814.560.590.75
123px-9-1微晶b0.070.790.271.991.280.292.090.221.990.491.070.221.040.1411.940.650.53
SRM 610测量值452.69446.21425.99428.31446.49456.31439.83438.43423.16444.40422.27415.67440.63430.49
理论值 457.00448.00430.00431.00451.00461.00444.00443.00427.00449.00426.00420.00445.00435.00   
BCR-2G测量值 23.9548.815.8425.886.171.886.160.906.321.163.060.443.360.38   
理论值 24.7053.306.7028.906.591.976.711.026.441.273.700.513.390.50
), ArticleFig(id=1215313898383790127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Estimation of temperature and pressure conditions and water content of the magma from Kyushu-Palau Ridge

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位号样品矿物类型温度/°C压力/108 pa含水量/%计算方法数据来源
范围平均值范围平均值范围平均值
注:含水量以湿质量计。
CJ09-123玄武岩cpx斑晶1 151~1 2101 1871.3~4.22.50.8~2.31.6文献[52, 63]本研究
cpx微晶1 187~1 2011 1952.0~3.52.70.1~1.20.9
ODP195-1201D火山碎屑岩cpx+opx1 155±562.9~6.3文献[64]文献[57]
DSDP59-448玄武岩cpx1 075~1 130文献[56]文献[56]
), ArticleFig(id=1215313898505424948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211432603543015555, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

九州‒帕劳脊岩浆温压条件及含水量的估算

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位号样品矿物类型温度/°C压力/108 pa含水量/%计算方法数据来源
范围平均值范围平均值范围平均值
注:含水量以湿质量计。
CJ09-123玄武岩cpx斑晶1 151~1 2101 1871.3~4.22.50.8~2.31.6文献[52, 63]本研究
cpx微晶1 187~1 2011 1952.0~3.52.70.1~1.20.9
ODP195-1201D火山碎屑岩cpx+opx1 155±562.9~6.3文献[64]文献[57]
DSDP59-448玄武岩cpx1 075~1 130文献[56]文献[56]
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九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩的单斜辉石矿物化学及成因意义
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刘振轩 1 , 鄢全树 1, 2, 3, * , 刘焱光 1, 2, 3 , 杨刚 1, 2 , 石学法 1, 2, 3
海洋学报 | 论文 2023,45(6): 75-92
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海洋学报 | 论文 2023, 45(6): 75-92
九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩的单斜辉石矿物化学及成因意义
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刘振轩1 , 鄢全树1, 2, 3, * , 刘焱光1, 2, 3, 杨刚1, 2, 石学法1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 海洋地质与成矿作用重点实验室,山东 青岛 266061
  • 2 崂山实验室 海洋地质与环境功能实验室,山东 青岛 266061
  • 3 山东省深海矿产资源开发重点实验室,山东 青岛 266061
  • 刘振轩(1995-),男,甘肃省天水市人,主要从事海底岩石地球化学方面研究。 E-mail:

通讯作者:

*鄢全树,男,研究员,博士,主要从事海底岩浆活动与构造演化方面研究。E-mail:
Mineral chemistry and genetic significance of clinopyroxenes in the basement basalts from the southern Kyushu-Palau Ridge
Zhenxuan Liu1 , Quanshu Yan1, 2, 3, * , Yanguang Liu1, 2, 3, Gang Yang1, 2, Xuefa Shi1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
  • 2Laboratory of Marine Geology, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266061, China
  • 3Key Laboratory of Deep Sea Mineral Resources Development, Shandong (preparatory), Qingdao 266061, China
出版时间: 2023-06-30 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023071
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九州−帕劳脊是古伊豆−小笠原−马里亚纳弧的重要组成,对其上基底岩石开展矿物学和岩石学研究可为理解洋内岛弧演化早期的岩石成因和岩浆活动特点提供重要线索。本文对九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩中的单斜辉石斑晶和微晶开展详细的岩相学和原位主微量元素分析,结果表明,单斜辉石斑晶与微晶整体上具有相似的化学组分,为普通辉石及透辉石等种属,且亏损轻稀土元素,Eu负异常不明显。多数单斜辉石斑晶具有环带结构,可划分为简单环带及韵律性环带两类;从辉石核部到边部,MgO、FeO、Al2O3、TiO2含量与核部镁指数Mg#等呈现复杂的高低变化,指示了多期次的岩浆混合与补给事件。单斜辉石的结晶温度、压力分别为1 151~1 210℃和1.3×108~4.2×108 Pa。通过单斜辉石组分反演获得的母岩浆含水量为0.8%~2.3%(以湿质量计)。最后,我们提出,形成于典型的洋内岛弧背景下的九州−帕劳脊南段熔岩的母岩浆为亚碱性岛弧拉斑玄武质熔体,具有高温、中压、高氧逸度的特征,岩浆房深度较浅并存在多期次原始岩浆的补给和混合。

单斜辉石  /  矿物化学  /  环带结构  /  岩浆过程  /  岛弧玄武岩  /  九州−帕劳脊

The Kyushu-Palau ridge (KPR) is an important part of the proto-Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc. The mineralogical and petrological studies of the arc basement rocks can provide significant insights for understanding the petrogenesis and magmatism characteristics of the early stage of intra-oceanic island arc evolution. In this paper, we performed petrographic and detailed mineral geochemical analyses including in situ major-trace elements of clinopyroxene (Cpx) phenocrysts and microcrystals from the basement basalts from the southern KPR. The results show that clinopyroxenes are mainly augites and diopside, which generally have similar chemical components for the phenocrysts and microcrystals. These clinopyroxenes are depleted in light rare earth elements with weak Eu negative anomalies. Most of the Cpx macrocrysts display zoning structures, which can be classified into basic and oscillatory zoning. The MgO, FeO, Al2O3, TiO2 and Mg# contents show complex high-low variations from the pyroxene core to the rim, indicating multi-period magma mixing and replenishment events. The crystallization temperature and pressure of Cpx phenocrysts are 1 151−1210℃ and 1.3×108−4.2×108 Pa, respectively. In addition, the water content of parent magma obtained by the inversion calculated from Cpx components is 0.8%−2.3% (wet weight). Conclusively, we suggested that the parent magma of the southern KPR lavas that formed within a typical intra-oceanic island-arc setting is a sub-alkaline island-arc tholeiite basaltic melt with high temperature, medium pressure, and high oxygen fugacity. The magma chambers were shallow in depth and there existed multi-period replenishment and mixing of primitive magma.

clinopyroxene  /  mineral chemistry  /  zoning structure  /  magmatic process  /  island-arc basalt  /  Kyushu-Palau Ridge
刘振轩, 鄢全树, 刘焱光, 杨刚, 石学法. 九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩的单斜辉石矿物化学及成因意义. 海洋学报, 2023 , 45 (6) : 75 -92 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023071
Zhenxuan Liu, Quanshu Yan, Yanguang Liu, Gang Yang, Xuefa Shi. Mineral chemistry and genetic significance of clinopyroxenes in the basement basalts from the southern Kyushu-Palau Ridge[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2023 , 45 (6) : 75 -92 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023071
西太平洋板块俯冲汇聚边缘发育有规模宏大的沟−弧−盆体系,集中分布着全球75%的弧后盆地以及最典型的洋内俯冲带(伊豆−小笠原−马里亚纳,Izu-Bonin-Mariana,简称IBM),发育有强烈的岩石圈变形和构造−岩浆活动,因此是开展俯冲带岩浆作用研究的理想场所[1-3]。IBM弧的生命演化周期中共经历了俯冲起始、岛弧裂解、弧后盆地扩张等幕式构造事件,在菲律宾海板块内形成了复杂的构造格局[4]图1)。九州−帕劳脊(KPR)位于菲律宾海板块中部(135°E附近),该脊曾是古IBM弧的重要组成,后因四国海盆与帕里西维拉海盆的弧后扩张而逐渐成为一条残余弧脊[5-6]。截至目前,前人围绕九州−帕劳脊开展了一些调查研究,如深海钻探计划(DSDP)59航段448站位在KPR中部通过钻探取样获取了岛弧基底岩石[7];综合大洋钻探计划(IODP)351航次在KPR北段弧后U1438站位进行了系统的沉积物与基岩取样[8]。研究表明,九州−帕劳脊及周缘记录了与俯冲起始及古IBM早期演化相关的岩浆活动信息,是探索板块俯冲起始与岛弧演化增生关系的重要窗口[9-10]。然而,前人研究多聚焦于九州−帕劳脊北段,而对其南段的基底岩石成因及构造演化等相关研究较为缺乏。
火山熔岩中的矿物斑晶经历了部分熔融、岩浆上涌及混合等复杂的岩浆过程,其矿物组成与结构的变化记录了母岩浆起源、岩浆物理化学条件、岩浆组成和岩浆房动力学过程等相关的关键信息[11-12]。单斜辉石作为镁铁质岩石中最主要的造岩矿物之一,其成分可用于指示岩浆过程中的关键信息,为岩浆体系的演化状态提供更为直接的证据,在解释岩石成因与岩浆过程方面具有独特优势[13-15]。另一方面,传统意义上的矿物“斑晶”可能包含了部分起源于同一岩浆系统内不同岩浆储库所演化出的矿物“粗晶”[16],这些与最终固结成岩的岩浆组分不平衡的晶体被称为“再循环晶”,其保存了多级岩浆储库的关键信息,可揭示更为完整的岩浆演化过程[17]。本次研究中对于九州−帕劳脊南段新获取基底玄武岩中的单斜辉石斑晶及微晶开展了系统的岩相学、矿物学及化学成分分析,厘定其结构和成分变化特征,计算了单斜辉石结晶的温压等物理化学条件,阐明其形成过程,探讨了母岩浆的起源及演化过程,为进一步理解九州−帕劳脊南段岛弧岩浆活动及其地质演化提供了重要线索。
菲律宾海板块处于太平洋板块、印度−澳大利亚板块、欧亚板块交汇处,是晚中生代末期伴随太平洋板块运动方向转变所形成的西太平洋边缘巨型沟−弧−盆体系的重要组成之一,其构造演化史是理解该体系形成演化的重要环节[1, 5, 18-19]。截至目前,关于菲律宾海板块构造演化趋于一致的认识如下:约55 Ma,菲律宾海板块起源于赤道附近,在其向西北方向运动的过程中板块自身顺时针旋转了近90°。在20~14 Ma期间与日本南部本州岛碰撞[20]。其间,受太平洋板块俯冲的影响在其板块内部依次形成了一系列幕式发育的弧后盆地和火山岛弧[21],其中三期弧后盆地包括西菲律宾海盆(WPB,扩张期65~35 Ma)、帕里西维拉海盆(PVB,扩张期31~18 Ma)、四国海盆(SKB,扩张期25~15 Ma)和马里亚纳海槽(MT,扩张期6 Ma至今),岛弧包括古伊豆−小笠原−马里亚纳弧(古IBM弧)、九州−帕劳脊(KPR,活跃期48~25 Ma)、西马里纳亚残余脊(WMR,活跃期12~6 Ma)以及正在活动的伊豆−小笠原弧和马里纳亚弧[1]
九州−帕劳脊大致位于135°E附近,全长约2 600 km,宽90~100 km,呈近南北走向贯穿菲律宾海板块中部,北至日本南海海槽,南达帕劳群岛北部,东西两侧与四国海盆、帕里西维拉海盆及西菲律宾海盆相接(图1a)。KPR沿走向在约23°N出现明显转折,由NNW−SSE变为NNE−SSW。在地形地貌上,KPR东西两侧水深差异较大,西侧约4 500~6 000 m,东侧深4 000~5 500 m。脊侧地形呈不对称状发育,东侧地形较陡峭,西侧相对平缓[22-23]。KPR的地壳厚度沿脊走向在8~23 km之间起伏变化[24]。最近,新的地球物理探测结果表明KPR南部(15°N以南)缺失厚的中地壳层,表现出与增厚的洋壳相似的属性,且与成熟的岛弧地壳(IBM)之间有明显差异[25-26]。基于脊走向的变化,以23°N为界,可将九州−帕劳脊划分为南北两段,KPR南北两段的演化程度存在差异。其链状海山的时空变化特征与四国−帕里西维拉海盆的海盆扩张活动相关[27]。年代学研究显示,KPR记录了自52 Ma俯冲起始以来至25 Ma古IBM弧裂解期间的岛弧火山活动[6, 27-29]。其弧岩浆岩主要为43~25 Ma的玄武质岩石,但KPR南段整体缺失早于32.5 Ma的岩石年龄记录[6, 30]。总之,KPR不但是菲律宾海板块内分隔东西次海盆的重要边界,也曾是古伊豆−小笠原−马里亚纳弧的重要组成部分。在太平洋俯冲板片后撤的背景下,约25 Ma古IBM弧受弧后盆地打开及扩张的影响而逐步裂解[31-33],其西边的一部分随之与IBM弧分离并停止演化,KPR成为岩浆活动中断的残余弧脊[5-6, 21, 34]
本研究的九州−帕劳脊南段岛弧基底熔岩样品来自2018年自然资源部第一海洋研究所利用“向阳红01”号科考船执行的科学航次。取样站位为CJ09-123站位(8°31′05″N,134°38′22″E,水深1 242 m)。本研究中单斜辉石的寄主岩石为岛弧拉斑玄武岩,全岩的SiO2含量为50.58%,TiO2含量为0.67%,MgO含量为7.52%,FeO*为7.31%。其镜下照片及典型矿物的背散射(BSE)图像如图2所示。样品CJ09-123-3-1整体呈斑状结构,块状构造,斑晶含量约占30%,斑晶矿物主要为斜长石和单斜辉石。其中斜长石约占斑晶矿物的40%,多呈板条状,斑晶粒径在0.20~0.44 mm之间,部分斜长石中心有熔蚀痕迹。单斜辉石斑晶多呈短柱状,自形−半自形,斑晶粒径介于0.27~1.16 mm,正交偏光镜下可见部分辉石斑晶具有多层环带结构特征。基质中含有黑褐色火山玻璃与大量杂乱分布的矿物微晶(斜长石与辉石),构成间粒间隐结构(图2)。
本研究利用电子探针(EPMA)和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)对海底岩石样品中的单斜辉石分别开展了原位主量元素和微量元素分析测试,具体分析方法如下。
单斜辉石的电子探针(Electron Probe Microanalysis, EPMA)分析在自然资源部第一海洋研究所的JXA-8230型电子显微探针分析仪上完成。仪器工作分析条件为:加速电压15.0 kV,测试电流1×10−8 A。根据测试点位的差异,分析选用“spot” (电子束斑直径1 μm)或“circle”模式(电子束斑直径10 μm),定量分析检出限约为100×10−6。分析采用SPI国际标样,分析数据结果采用ZAF(Z、A和F分别代表原子数、吸收及荧光)法进行基体校正。实验的分析误差为:对含量大于20%的元素(SiO2和Al2O3),允许的相对误差小于等于5%;含量在3%~20%之间的元素(CaO和MgO),允许的相对误差小于等于10%;对含量在1%~3%之间的元素(Na2O),允许的相对误差小于等于30%;对含量在0.5%~1%之间的元素(MnO、FeO、TiO2、Cr2O3、NiO、K2O),允许的相对误差小于50%;总量误差小于±2%。分析过程中获取了典型矿物的背散射电子(BSE)图像。
单斜辉石的LA-ICP-MS分析测试在中国冶金地质总局山东局测试中心完成。使用美国Conherent公司的GeoLasPro 193 nm ArF准分子激光剥蚀系统,ICP-MS为Thermo Fisher ICAP Q。激光器波长为193 nm,束斑直径为40 μm。激光剥蚀采样以氦气为载体,氦气携带样品气溶胶在进入ICP之前通过一个T型三通接头与氩气(载气、等离子体气和补偿气)混合。通过调节氦气和氩气气流大小,以获得国际标样NIST SRM 610的最佳信号为条件实现测试系统最优化,优化条件主要为信号灵敏度最高、氧化物产率最低、双电荷干扰最小、气体空白最低和信号强度最稳定。在束斑直径为40 μm、频率为7 Hz、能量密度约为10 J/cm2激光剥蚀条件下,单点剥蚀NIST SRM 610可获得:238U灵敏度大于4 ×105 cps/ppm;208Pb灵敏度大于3 × 105 cps/ppm;氧化物产率ThO/Th < 0.1%;204Pb气体空白小于100 cps;绝大部分元素(REE, U, Th, Pb) RSD < 3%。未知样品测试时采样方式为单点剥蚀、跳峰采集;单点采集时间模式为:25 s气体空白,60 s样品剥蚀,25 s冲洗;每5~10个未知样品点插入一组成分标样。成分标样采用NIST SRM 610、NIST SRM612、BHVO-2G、BCR-2G、BIR-1G,样品的元素含量计算采用ICPMSDATACAL数据处理程序,采用归一化法校正。
在详细的岩相学研究观测基础上,对研究样品中的代表性矿物(单斜辉石)开展EPMA成分分析及背散射图像分析(BSE),其原位主量元素分析测试结果列于表1。本文以6个氧原子为基础计算了阳离子系数及端元组成。根据Morimoto[35]提出的辉石分类命名方案,本研究样品中的单斜辉石均属Ca-Mg-Fe辉石族,其中,CJ09-123-3-1辉石的端元组成为Wo39.88~45.60En42.02~50.08Fs5.87~15.29,经Wo-En-Fs投图显示(图3),本研究所涉单斜辉石种属主要以普通辉石及透辉石组成。总体上,在CJ09-123-3-1岩石样品中,单斜辉石斑晶的SiO2含量变化范围为51.29%~53.74%,平均为52.44%;MgO的含量变化范围为14.80%~18.04%,平均为16.39%;FeO的含量变化范围为3.78%~9.33%,平均为6.05%;Na2O的含量变化范围为0.10%~0.30%,平均为0.20%。而其单斜辉石微晶的SiO2含量变化范围为48.22%~52.72%,平均为51.72%;FeO的含量变化范围为5.88%~7.10%,平均为6.49%;TiO2的含量变化范围为0.20%~0.33%,平均为0.25%;Al2O3的含量变化范围为1.83%~2.80%,平均为2.20%。整体上辉石微晶与斑晶的化学组成相似,但辉石微晶比其斑晶具有更高的Fe及Ti含量,这可能反映了岩浆向着富铁、钛的方向演化发展[36]
基于背散射图像对先前标定的具有环带特征的辉石矿物斑晶进行详细观察,样品CJ09-123-3-1中单斜辉石斑晶均表现出较为复杂的环带特征,综合BSE图像及其电子探针数据特征分述如下。
样品CJ09-123-3-1辉石斑晶普遍具有核−幔−边环带结构,少数辉石核部颜色较暗,辉石幔部颜色变浅,而辉石边部颜色再次加深(图4a)。其核部镁指数Mg#值[Mg# = 100×Mg/(Mg + Fe2+)](86~88)较高,FeO(4.2%~5.2%)含量较低,富集MgO(16.81%~17.04%)。幔部相对富集FeO(6.06%~8.64%)贫MgO(15.13%~16.81%),Mg#值(78~83)偏低,边部相对富集MgO(16.40%~16.80%),Mg#值(84~85)较幔部偏高,由核部至边部Cr2O3、Na2O、TiO2呈先降低后升高的趋势。此外,多数辉石核部颜色较为明亮,幔部颜色加深,边部较窄且颜色再次变浅。此类辉石表现出相反的元素变化趋势,其核部的Mg#值(75~84)较低,富集FeO(6.06%~9.33%)且贫MgO(14.90%~15.92%),幔部Mg#值(84~88)普遍较高且具有相对最高的Cr2O3、Na2O、NiO、Al2O3及相对较低的TiO2(0.05%~0.19%),边部的Mg#值(82~84)与核部相近,Ti-Al含量介于核部与幔部之间(TiO2含量为 0.20%~0.29%,Al2O3含量为 1.92%~2.42%)。综合对比两类简单环带辉石的主量元素特征,其整体上具有相近的化学组成,其中不同辉石斑晶边部及其浅色环带部分具有与辉石微晶相似的成分特征且由核部至边部呈连续变化趋势。
样品CJ09-123-3-1中还发现具有复杂环带特征的辉石斑晶,本文主要选取123px-5号辉石斑晶进行详细分析。结合其BSE图像,该矿物具有清晰的明暗相间分布的多层环带结构,呈韵律性特征变化,核部及幔部环带较宽且轮廓明显,边部则由多层较细环带层组成。其核部中央存在边界模糊的深色区域,其Mg#值介于86~90之间,外部颜色明显变浅,Mg#值等主量元素表现出明显的起伏变化,如图4b所示,核部与幔部中深色环带之间有明显的化学成分差异。整体上,幔部深色环带的Mg#值(86~91)较高、富集MgO贫FeO,Cr2O3含量较高(0.7%~1.1%),Na2O、Al2O3、TiO2的含量较低。浅色环带则与其相反,表现为低Mg#值(81~83),FeO、Al2O3等元素含量相对较高。边部细层环带成分与内部浅色环带相似,化学组分变化趋势并不显著,Mg#值、FeO、Na2O含量等呈较低幅度的起伏。整体上,复杂环带辉石中浅色环带的Mg#值(81~84)、FeO(5.3%~7.2%)、TiO2(0.13%~0.28%)与单斜辉石微晶的Mg#值(82~84)、FeO(5.8%~7.1%)、TiO2(0.20%~0.33%)范围相似,其复杂韵律性环带的存在可能指示了较为复杂的岩浆作用过程。
本研究样品的原位微量元素测试结果详见表2。CJ09-123站位样品单斜辉石矿物的微量元素特征整体上相似,其单斜辉石斑晶的稀土元素总量为∑REE = 3.98 ×10−6~41.73 ×10−6,平均值为24.27 ×10−6。在稀土元素球粒陨石标准图解中(图5)表现出左倾特征,明显相对亏损轻稀土而富集重稀土。δEu变化范围为0.41~1.44,平均值为0.83。其轻稀土与重稀土含量比值(LREE/HREE)介于0.44~0.75之间,平均为0.63。不同单斜辉石斑晶核部及边部表现出相似的稀土配分模式,其中浅色核部单斜辉石核部及边部具有相对高的稀土元素含量,其幔部的稀土元素含量明显偏低(∑REE = 3.98 ×10−6~5.11 ×10−6),而深色核部单斜辉石则与之相反,核部及边部呈相对低的稀土元素含量(∑REE=10.40 ×10−6~11.60 ×10−6)。整体上,单斜辉石核部与边部表现为相似的相对高的稀土元素总量及轻微的Eu负异常。而其幔部则具有明显更低的稀土元素含量,及较为显著的Tm负异常。单斜辉石微晶的稀土元素含量为∑REE = 11.94 ×10−6,LREE/HREE = 0.65,Eu负异常较为明显,δEu = 0.53。
前人研究表明,单斜辉石对母岩浆的成分和结晶环境十分敏感,记录了与来源深度及母岩浆成分演化特征相关的关键信息[38-40]。玄武岩中的单斜辉石主要可分为巨晶单斜辉石、II型包体(堆积岩)中的单斜辉石和不同性质玄武岩中的斑晶−微晶单斜辉石共4种基本类型[39]。本研究中,KPR南段单斜辉石主要集中分布于拉斑玄武岩斑晶区域(图6a)。此外,单斜辉石的化学组分随其寄主熔岩的演化而改变,例如拉斑玄武岩中的单斜辉石相较碱性玄武岩中亏损Al、Ti、Ca、Na而富集Si[38]。而母岩浆中Si的饱和度将会影响AlIV的含量,在单斜辉石结晶过程中 AlIV会进入四面体位置以补充不饱和Si的空缺,因而Si、Al元素具有不相容性,其在单斜辉石矿物中的含量组合变化可判别母岩浆的性质[41-42]。在岩浆系列判别图解(图6b图6d)中,KPR南段单斜辉石均落入拉斑玄武岩区域,属于亚碱性系列,母岩浆属于岛弧背景下的硅不饱和亚碱性拉斑系列,其演化趋势并不显著,推断这与较短的岩浆滞留时间有关或受到岩浆混合作用的影响。
在玄武岩演化过程中,单斜辉石具有宽泛的结晶温压范围,其成分的波动变化与斑晶生长过程的热力学条件改变有关,因而其环带结构可以指示复杂的岩浆演化过程[43-44]。承前所述,本研究中单斜辉石表现出不同的环带结构(图2b图4a图4c),可划分为核‒幔‒边型简单环带及韵律性变化的复杂环带。一方面,具简单环带结构的辉石核‒幔‒边各部分之间接触界限清晰且较为规则,未见明显的筛状结构及熔蚀边,各部形态较为完整,自形程度较高且与矿物晶型极为相似。在单斜辉石的成分协变图(图7)中,随单斜辉石Mg#值的变化,矿物组分呈规律性变化趋势。整体上,Al2O3随Mg#值的减少呈先增高后下降的趋势,在Mg#值=84附近出现最高值(Al2O3 = 3.17%),并且幔部整体表现出相对高的Al2O3含量,结合δEu = 0.41~1.44,平均值为0.83,不显著的Eu负异常表明岩浆演化过程中相对弱的斜长石结晶分异,这可能与高压或高含水量条件下斜长石的结晶被抑制有关[45-47]。此外,单斜辉石中的Al含量随压力升高而增大,辉石边部及微晶中相对较低的Al2O3含量可能指示其结晶形成于浅部或低压环境中。此外,Na2O、TiO2含量与Mg#值之间表现出显著的负相关关系,而Cr2O3含量随Mg#值下降而减少。微量元素上,La、Eu、Yb含量及∑REE与单斜辉石Mg#值之间表现为负相关,辉石核部各组分呈较大幅度的变化,而不同辉石幔部整体表现为相对更低的微量元素含量与更高的Mg#值,这可能反应了核‒幔生长期间较原始岩浆组分的补给作用,这与简单环带中出现的幔部暗色环带相吻合(图4b),边部则与辉石微晶具有相似的特征元素含量特征,表明其形成于相似的岩浆环境。整体上,浅色核部与暗色核部斑晶之间特征元素变化趋势具有差异性(图4),但不同环带结构斑晶的成分没有显著差异,这种规律表明本研究中单斜辉石起源于同一岩浆体系的连续结晶过程[48]。结合其斑晶核部Mg#值(75~90)的大幅度变化范围与环带明暗变化,不同辉石表现出的环带层数与核部差异可能表明其生长于岩浆体系的不同演化阶段,反复的岩浆补给事件会导致岩浆房中的温度与成分波动,从而形成不同形态的环晶[49-50]。而复杂性韵律环带的存在则指示了不同的岩浆事件:韵律环带中核部与幔部的环带更宽,且化学成分发生突变(图4)。核部整体呈浅色且形态缺失,中央深色区域与幔部宽暗色环带具有相似的化学组成,因此可能反映了晶体生长过程中由相对演化岩浆结晶的单斜辉石核部与后期相对原始的补给岩浆反应并造成晶体部分熔蚀,偏基性的岩浆沿裂隙侵入了晶体核部形成其高Mg#、低Fe的暗色区域。而边部较细的韵律环带则表现出相对连续且幅度较小的成分变化,这与晶体内部的环带具有显著差异,可能与岩浆去气作用[17]或与岩浆房内岩浆对流所导致的晶体位置的改变有关[15]。复杂韵律环带进一步证实了KPR南段玄武岩所记录的多期次岩浆混合与补给作用:在偏演化的岩浆中早期结晶的单斜辉石晶体(浅色、富铁、贫镁)与后期新补充的更原始的熔体组分发生反应,主要受岩浆混合过程的影响;后期岩浆房中仍以偏演化的岩浆占主导,受岩浆对流或岩浆去气作用的影响,在岩浆房的不同部位不同时期生长的晶体记录了不同的岩浆过程,产生了各异的环带结构。
基于实验岩石学研究,单斜辉石被广泛用于反演结晶时母岩浆的温压条件,前人基于单斜辉石‒熔体组分平衡建立了多种单斜辉石温压计,对岩浆过程中的物理化学条件进行定量制约[51-53]。而这首先需要确立单斜辉石与熔体的平衡关系。由于镁铁质岩石含有较少的矿物斑晶,所以其全岩组分被指代为熔体组分。单斜辉石与熔体的平衡关系常借助Fe-Mg配分系数判断,Putrika等[51]认为KD (Fe-Mg)Cpx-liq = 0.28±0.08时,单斜辉石与寄主岩石处于平衡状态。如图8a所示,本研究中具有高Mg#值(大于84)的数据点落入平衡曲线范围内,而以微晶矿物为代表的具有低Mg#值的数据点明显落入平衡曲线之下,这表明其可能结晶于更演化的熔体中。此外,还可通过预测的矿物组分(DiHd、EnFs、CaTs)与实测的矿物组分进行比较,其相关性也可用于判别单斜辉石与熔体的平衡关系[54-55]。如图8b图8d中所示,虽然绝大多数投点落入2σ的不确定度范围区间内,这与基于矿物Fe-Mg配分系数所得结果并不一致,结合前文所讨论的单斜辉石普遍具有较复杂的环带结构,我们认为本研究中经历多期次岩浆补给作用的单斜辉石并不完全与熔体平衡,因此我们利用Putirka[52]所校准后的仅基于单斜辉石组分的单斜辉石温压计以定量计算结晶的温压条件,该温压计的标准误差(SEE)分别为±58℃及±3.1×108 pa,其计算结果详见表3
计算结果表明,本研究样品中的单斜辉石斑晶的结晶温度为1 151~1 210℃,平均为1 187℃,结晶压力为1.3×108~4.2×108 Pa;单斜辉石微晶的结晶温度为1 187~1 201℃,平均为1 195℃,结晶压力为2.0×108~3.5×108 Pa。两者具有相似的结晶温压条件。Ishii[56]基于DSDP59航段448站位所获取的KPR弧玄武岩中辉石斑晶所估算的结晶温度为1 075~1 130℃,D’Antonio 等[57]根据ODP195航段1201D站位上部所钻取的KPR弧源火山碎屑岩基质中的辉石矿物所计算得到的初始岩浆温度为(1 155±56)℃,本研究结果与前人获取的温压范围相吻合。此外,由于Putrika[52]压力计算公式中相对较大的标准误差,压力估算结果存在一定的不确定性,而单斜辉石中的Al对压力变化十分敏感,Wass[58]认为其AlIV/AlVI比值可判别不同的压力条件。Soesoo[59]基于大量实验数据并结合多元统计方法,通过对单斜辉石元素组分进行主成分分析建立了单斜辉石的经验温度‒压力区间,本文进一步利用Soesoo[59]提出的经验公式进一步判别KPR南段火成岩的结晶压力条件(图9b)。结果表明,CJ09-123站位玄武岩主要落入火成岩中压区域,其结晶压力范围约2×108~5×108 Pa,据此推断其岩浆房深度约为6~15 km。整体上,不同辉石矿物之间的温度及压力计算结果无明显差异,其平均值相近,因此不足以推断其形成于垂向分布的多级岩浆储库,这暗示了单斜辉石可能起源于单一的浅部岩浆房,其中的环带结构可能受控于岩浆的对流、补给与混合作用[15, 49]
氧逸度控制着岩浆体系的氧化还原状态,影响着变价元素的地球化学行为,对于岩浆过程及熔体−晶体组成具有重要影响,是控制岩浆过程、结晶顺序及矿物类型的重要参数[60-62]。熔体中的Fe3+/Fe2+主要受控于氧逸度,单斜辉石中的Fe3+含量是其形成环境的氧逸度函数,可通过单斜辉石的AlVI+2Ti+Cr与AlIV+Na关系投图进行评估(图10)。辉石中的Fe3+可取代八面体位置中的三价元素(如Ti、AlVI、Cr),其丰度取决于AlIV的含量。而Fe3+= 0可代表高低氧逸度的平衡界限,距平衡线越远表明单斜辉石的寄主岩浆中的氧逸度越高[62]。本研究样品的多数投点落在平衡界限上方,表明结晶过程中相对较高的氧逸度条件,这与其火山弧的背景环境相吻合。且幔部呈相对更高的氧逸度条件,核部与边部投点具有相似的区间范围,这可能反映了其结晶过程中较为稳定的岩浆环境。此外,KPR属于发育在典型洋内俯冲带中的残余弧脊[4, 6],俯冲板片释放的含水组分对弧岩浆的产生具有至关重要的影响,并且是控制弧岩浆地球化学、岩石结构及矿物组成的关键因素[66]。因此,本文利用计算所得的岩浆温度及压力,基于Perinellii等[67]改进后的单斜辉石湿度计进一步定量估算了KPR南段玄武岩中的含水量(表3)。结果表明,基于单斜辉石斑晶计算出岩浆中的H2O含量介于 0.8%~2.3%(以湿质量计),平均为1.6%,而矿物微晶所得的H2O含量为0.1%~1.2%,平均为0.9%。含水量的降低可能反映出岩浆由深部岩浆房运移至地表喷发过程中发生显著的去气效应[68]
单斜辉石作为镁铁质岩石中最主要的造岩矿物之一,其矿物化学特征记录了与岩浆起源及构造背景有关的信息,可为构造‒岩浆活动提供重要证据[38, 40]。Nisbet和Pearce[40]基于单斜辉石主量元素氧化物的含量构建了F1-F2双因子判别图解,Aparicio[67]则提出了另一种基于单斜辉石化学组分区分玄武质寄主岩石的构造环境,以区分板内与俯冲带火山作用。本研究选用上述两类判别图解对九州−帕劳海脊南段玄武岩的构造环境进行进一步甄别。其结果如图11所示。在F1-F2双因子判别图解中(图11a)几乎所有样品投点落入火山弧玄武岩和洋底玄武岩区域(VAB+OFB),此外,在Si-Fe判别图解中(图11b),本研究样品投点集中指示为俯冲带岩浆作用的构造背景。整体上,所有基于单斜辉石化学组成的判别图解一致地指示了俯冲带背景下岛弧玄武岩的亲缘性,这表明九州−帕劳脊南段弧火山作用活跃期间主要发育亚碱性玄武岩。
本文对菲律宾海板块内部九州−帕劳残余脊南段基底玄武岩样品开展了细致的矿物学和原位元素地球化学研究,详细讨论了其岩浆过程,获得以下几点主要认识。
(1)九州−帕劳脊南段基底玄武岩中单斜辉石以普通辉石和透辉石为主,多数辉石斑晶具有复杂的环带结构,韵律性环带及核−幔−边部Mg#值的高低变化指示了多期次的岩浆混合与补给事件。
(2)单斜辉石的母岩浆表现为俯冲背景下的岛弧拉斑玄武岩系列,单斜辉石斑晶与微晶之间具有相似的结晶温度和压力,辉石斑晶的平均结晶温度为1 187℃,结晶压力范围为1.3×108~4.2×108 Pa。
(3)基于单斜辉石组分所计算的母岩浆含水量约为1.6%(以湿质量计),单斜辉石斑晶相比于微晶具有更高的含水量,指示了岩浆喷发过程中显著的去气效应。
  • 崂山实验室“十四五”重大项目(2022QNLM050201-3);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1405502);国家自然科学基金(41322036);山东省泰山学者建设工程项目。
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2023年第45卷第6期
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doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023071
  • 接收时间:2022-10-26
  • 首发时间:2025-12-26
  • 出版时间:2023-06-30
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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-26
  • 修回日期:2022-12-15
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崂山实验室“十四五”重大项目(2022QNLM050201-3);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1405502);国家自然科学基金(41322036);山东省泰山学者建设工程项目。
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    1 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 海洋地质与成矿作用重点实验室,山东 青岛 266061
    2 崂山实验室 海洋地质与环境功能实验室,山东 青岛 266061
    3 山东省深海矿产资源开发重点实验室,山东 青岛 266061

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*鄢全树,男,研究员,博士,主要从事海底岩浆活动与构造演化方面研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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