Article(id=1211299027635794757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211299024825611053, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2023034, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1654531200000, receivedDateStr=2022-06-07, revisedDate=1664294400000, revisedDateStr=2022-09-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766725793036, onlineDateStr=2025-12-26, pubDate=1677600000000, pubDateStr=2023-03-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766725793036, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766725793036, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766725793036, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1211299024825611053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2023', volume='45', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='158', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766725792365, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766924576395, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212132785515532522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211299024825611053, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212132785515532523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211299024825611053, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=84, endPage=96, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1211299027879064397, articleId=1211299027635794757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Bacterial community structure and assembly mechanisms in Sansha Bay, Fujian, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Bacteria play an important role in the aquatic ecosystem. In our work, bacterial community structure and assembly mechanisms were studied in Sansha Bay in Fujian Province based on DNA and RNA high-throughput sequencing. Our results revealed that: (1) A total of 1476 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, and γ-proteobacteria, α-proteobacteria, cyanobacteriia and bacteroidia were the most diverse bacterial groups. (2) γ-proteobacteria, α-proteobacteria, cyanobacteriia and bacteroidia were also the most abundant groups in Sansha Bay both in the DNA and RNA high-throughput sequencing results. The metabolic activities of these four dominant groups were different, and their metabolic activities were mainly regulated by salinity, total nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and inorganic phosphate concentrations. (3) The bacterial community structure in Sansha Bay was different in spatial scale, and the closer the geographical location was, the more similar the bacterial community structure was. Neutral process was the main assembly mechanism affecting the construction of bacterial community in Sansha Bay. Our results were useful for the understanding the bacterial community structure and assembly mechanism in Sansha Bay, Fujian.

, correspAuthors=Jingli Mu, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2023 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Feipeng Wang, Jingyu Yang, Zundong Cai, Jinyuan Chen, Miao Tian, Lu Wang, Rongmao Li, Wei Liu, Jingli Mu), CN=ArticleExt(id=1211299029581951927, articleId=1211299027635794757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=福建三沙湾海域细菌群落结构及其形成机制, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

细菌群落在水生生态系统中起着非常关键的作用。基于DNA和RNA高通量测序技术研究了福建三沙湾海域细菌的群落结构及其形成机制。结果发现:(1)三沙湾海域中共检测到细菌1 476个操作分类单元(OTUs),其中γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌为多样性最高的类群;(2)基于DNA和RNA高通量测序技术均发现这4种类群同时也是该海域细菌群落中的优势类群,但其代谢活性处于不同的状态,主要受到盐度、总氮、亚硝氮和无机磷酸盐浓度的调控;(3)三沙湾细菌群落结构在空间尺度上的分布存在差异,表现为地理位置上越相近的海区其细菌群落结构越相似。中性模型进一步分析发现,三沙湾海域细菌群落的形成主要受到中性过程的调控。本研究结果可为深入理解福建三沙湾海域中细菌群落结构及其形成机制提供理论依据。

, correspAuthors=穆景利, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*穆景利,研究员,主要从事海洋生态环境污染物效应及渔业资源的损害评估研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=5R0WSxFvWPEk1fG/KfBiaw==, magXml=1XiFh4as9ktxM15HKBOjgQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=kv7oRGcAna2o+1BkDvybEg==, pdfFileSize=3480710, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=34FlO1x3Xofq/9tV55Eqvw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=MArwEQG8CUm/jEInhYQvcA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

王飞鹏(1987-),男,山西省运城市人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为环境微生物分子生态学。E-mail:

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王飞鹏(1987-),男,山西省运城市人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为环境微生物分子生态学。E-mail:

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王飞鹏(1987-),男,山西省运城市人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为环境微生物分子生态学。E-mail:

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of bacteria and temperature, salinity, total nitrogen (TN) concentration, ammonia nitrogen (${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $-N) concentration, nitrate nitrogen (${{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $-N) concentration, nitrous nitrogen (NIT) concentration, total phosphorus (TP) concentration and soluble reactive phosphate (SRP) concentration based on the DNA and RNA sequencing data, figureFileSmall=4Zf+A2oQK0gmnX/ivlDxcg==, figureFileBig=gowKBPPSsO7PPaKUOXJl6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304253682401943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=图3, caption=基于DNA和RNA测序技术表征的三沙湾细菌OTUs数目与温度、盐度、总氮(TN)浓度、氨氮(${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $-N)浓度、硝态氮(${{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $-N)浓度、亚硝氮(NIT)浓度、总磷(TP)浓度和正磷酸盐(SRP)浓度间的皮尔森相关性分析, figureFileSmall=4Zf+A2oQK0gmnX/ivlDxcg==, figureFileBig=gowKBPPSsO7PPaKUOXJl6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304253791453848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Relative abundance of bacterial communities at class level (a, b) and family level (c, d) at each sampling site based on DNA and RNA sequencing approaches, figureFileSmall=FMJrCzZcHAY+A8khioJpPQ==, figureFileBig=tkoyaxYbQJGkasJtqIlrfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304253921477275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=图4, caption=基于DNA和RNA测序表征的细菌群落在纲级水平(a,b)和科级水平(c,d)在各样本间的相对丰度分布, figureFileSmall=FMJrCzZcHAY+A8khioJpPQ==, figureFileBig=tkoyaxYbQJGkasJtqIlrfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304254017946273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of bacterial community in all samples based on Bray-Curtis distance matrix, figureFileSmall=KsFgdYBEjIjMcoSGEknv3Q==, figureFileBig=8fP7+U+vKTa1vA6vtQWEmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255276237477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=图5, caption=基于Bray-Curtis距离矩阵的各样本细菌群落的主坐标分析(PCoA), figureFileSmall=KsFgdYBEjIjMcoSGEknv3Q==, figureFileBig=8fP7+U+vKTa1vA6vtQWEmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255389483688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Heatmap of the OTUs metabolic activities (RNA∶DNA) of α-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Cyanobacteriia and Bacteroidia, figureFileSmall=uGVwlTLSTKL/UB8fh5WSvw==, figureFileBig=dyjY8VnWsAg3V2naI2T+4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255502729905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=图6, caption=α-变形菌、γ-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌OTUs代谢活性(RNA∶DNA)热图, figureFileSmall=uGVwlTLSTKL/UB8fh5WSvw==, figureFileBig=dyjY8VnWsAg3V2naI2T+4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255607587507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Plot of the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) integrating environmental factors and the metabolic activities of α-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Cyanobacteriia and Bacteroidia, figureFileSmall=mgoyMsKDUuUaCJnwIN/U3Q==, figureFileBig=DP1fhHQlCk/dXnYtfAvyGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255674696374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=图7, caption=基于典型相关分析(CCA)的α-变形菌、γ-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌代谢活性与环境因子间的相关性, figureFileSmall=mgoyMsKDUuUaCJnwIN/U3Q==, figureFileBig=DP1fhHQlCk/dXnYtfAvyGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255750193849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=The neutral community model based on the relationship between bacterial OTUs occurrence and relative read abundance characterized by DNA (a) and RNA (b) approaches

OTUs with frequencies higher than those predicted by the model are displayed in red; OTUs with lower frequencies are displayed in green; OTUs within the prediction range are displayed in black; the dotted line represents the 95% confidence interval around the model prediction (blue dotted line)

, figureFileSmall=GQ7PQrvFh/N9iLfTy+g2EQ==, figureFileBig=qRc9p2EoSgbIkbNCFawDwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255825691325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=图8, caption=基于DNA(a)和RNA(b)表征的细菌OTUs出现频次和相对丰度间的中性模型预测图

频率高于模型预测值的OTUs显示为红色;频率较低的OTUs显示为绿色;预测范围内的OTUs显示为黑色;蓝色虚线表示模型预测的95%置信区间

, figureFileSmall=GQ7PQrvFh/N9iLfTy+g2EQ==, figureFileBig=qRc9p2EoSgbIkbNCFawDwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215304255913771710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Temperature, salinity and nutrient concentrations at each sampling station

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位温度/℃盐度TN浓度/(mg·L−1${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $-N浓度/(mg·L−1$ {{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $-N浓度/(mg·L−1NIT 浓度/(mg·L−1TP 浓度/(mg·L−1SRP浓度/(mg·L−1
SS126.729.11.1650.3060.3930.0890.1110.073
SS227.1301.1360.2030.4100.0890.0900.081
SS326.921.21.4320.2030.5480.0870.1030.062
SS427.722.51.9070.2270.5010.0940.1110.058
SS527.227.81.3630.7660.3710.0990.0940.085
SS628.523.51.1030.2110.5220.0930.1370.096
SS726.817.11.7060.2740.6430.0740.1200.104
SS827.1221.2180.2430.5410.0870.1030.096
SS927.219.61.5150.2580.5580.0820.1070.092
SS1027.429.91.3040.2270.3660.0890.0980.104
SS1127.831.11.4920.2270.3870.1100.1450.138
SS1226.831.30.5460.2270.3990.1040.0900.134
SS1326.231.30.4010.2430.3110.0960.0470.107
), ArticleFig(id=1215304255997657793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各站位温度、盐度及营养盐浓度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位温度/℃盐度TN浓度/(mg·L−1${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $-N浓度/(mg·L−1$ {{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $-N浓度/(mg·L−1NIT 浓度/(mg·L−1TP 浓度/(mg·L−1SRP浓度/(mg·L−1
SS126.729.11.1650.3060.3930.0890.1110.073
SS227.1301.1360.2030.4100.0890.0900.081
SS326.921.21.4320.2030.5480.0870.1030.062
SS427.722.51.9070.2270.5010.0940.1110.058
SS527.227.81.3630.7660.3710.0990.0940.085
SS628.523.51.1030.2110.5220.0930.1370.096
SS726.817.11.7060.2740.6430.0740.1200.104
SS827.1221.2180.2430.5410.0870.1030.096
SS927.219.61.5150.2580.5580.0820.1070.092
SS1027.429.91.3040.2270.3660.0890.0980.104
SS1127.831.11.4920.2270.3870.1100.1450.138
SS1226.831.30.5460.2270.3990.1040.0900.134
SS1326.231.30.4010.2430.3110.0960.0470.107
), ArticleFig(id=1215304256110904008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Bacterial alpha diversity at sampling stations based on DNA and RNA sequencing data

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位DNARNA
ShannonChao1ShannonChao1
注:表中粗体数值为各样品中多样性指数的最高值与最低值。
SS15.41641.016.16690.22
SS25.74626.416.03669.75
SS35.44688.156.24620.27
SS45.35943.555.91653.27
SS55.56586.336.07584.51
SS65.94564.286.38615.13
SS75.74637.285.78606.78
SS86.20623.265.83579.31
SS95.86589.085.86608.98
SS105.92615.966.03606.22
SS113.22458.175.07649.07
SS124.64464.096.19731.50
SS135.51608.155.93792.89
), ArticleFig(id=1215304256194790090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

基于DNA和RNA测序数据表征的细菌群落在采样站位的α-多样性指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位DNARNA
ShannonChao1ShannonChao1
注:表中粗体数值为各样品中多样性指数的最高值与最低值。
SS15.41641.016.16690.22
SS25.74626.416.03669.75
SS35.44688.156.24620.27
SS45.35943.555.91653.27
SS55.56586.336.07584.51
SS65.94564.286.38615.13
SS75.74637.285.78606.78
SS86.20623.265.83579.31
SS95.86589.085.86608.98
SS105.92615.966.03606.22
SS113.22458.175.07649.07
SS124.64464.096.19731.50
SS135.51608.155.93792.89
), ArticleFig(id=1215304256320619216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The OTUs classification information of α-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Cyanobacteriia and Bacteroidia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OTUs分类信息OTUs分类信息
AlphaproteobacteriaOTU_1Rhodobacteraceae bacterium HIMB11GammaproteobacteriaOTU_2Marinobacterium marisflavi
OTU_5AscidiaceihabitansOTU_3Marinobacter
OTU_7SAR11_clade_IaOTU_4Alteromonas mediterranea
OTU_9SulfitobacterOTU_15Neptuniibacter
OTU_14PseudooceanicolaOTU_16Limnobacter thiooxidans
OTU_28MarivivensOTU_18Nitrincolaceae
OTU_29SAR11_clade_IIIOTU_20Ketobacter alkanivorans
OTU_30alpha proteobacterium HIMB59OTU_23Litoricola
OTU_39FlavimaricolaOTU_24Alteromonadaceae
OTU_41SphingomonadaceaeOTU_26Corallomonas stylophorae
OTU_47PuniceispirillalesOTU_27Marinobacter sp. CP1
OTU_48HoefleaOTU_31Marinobacterium jannaschii
OTU_52alpha proteobacterium SCGC AAA015-N04OTU_32Methylophilaceae
OTU_53MarivitaOTU_42SAR86_clade
OTU_71SAR11_cladeOTU_43Aestuariibacter
OTU_77SAR11_clade_IIIOTU_49Nitrincolaceae
OTU_78SAR116_cladeOTU_50Pseudohongiella
OTU_82KordiimonadalesOTU_55Glaciecola
OTU_85SAR116_cladeOTU_56OM60NOR5_clade
OTU_86SAR11_clade_IIOTU_57Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_88SAR116_cladeOTU_59Neptuniibacter
OTU_93ErythrobacterOTU_62RS62 marine group
OTU_94ParvibaculaceaeOTU_64Vibrio fortis
OTU_112AlphaproteobacteriaOTU_65Polycyclovorans
OTU_114ParvularculaOTU_66Methylophilaceae
OTU_125MagnetospiraceaeOTU_67Pseudoalteromonas phenolica
OTU_132NisaeaceaeOTU_69Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_133AEGEAN-169_marine groupOTU_73Halioglobus
OTU_147StappiaceaeOTU_81SAR86_clade
OTU_149NRL2OTU_83Luminiphilus
OTU_166SulfitobacterOTU_84SUP05 cluster
OTU_168MagnetospiraceaeOTU_90OM60NOR5 clade
OTU_175PlanktomarinaOTU_96SAR86 clade
OTU_178Ruegeria sp.OTU_102Ga0077536
OTU_190SAR11_clade_IbOTU_106Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_191SAR116_clade OTU_155UBA10353 marine group
OTU_205Brevundimonas vesicularisOTU_156Methylophilaceae
OTU_242Maricaulis marisOTU_169EPR3968-O8a-Bc78
OTU_341RhodobacteraceaeOTU_171Bdellovibrionaceae
OTU_429Candidatus PuniceispirillumOTU_210unidentified Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_472RhodobacteraceaeOTU_312Thiotrichaceae
OTU_588RhodobacteraceaeOTU_408Pontibacterium granulatum
OTU_1102RhodobacteraceaeOTU_642Marinobacter salarius
OTU_1104ThalassococcusOTU_681Neptuniibacter
OTU_1186SAR11 clade_IOTU_804Marinobacter
OTU_1239RhodobacteraceaeOTU_1020Pontibacterium
OTU_1382RhodobacteraceaeOTU_1070Halieaceae
OTU_1757LimimaricolaOTU_1597SAR86_clade
CyanobacteriiaOTU_6Cyanobium PCC-6307OTU_>1689Neptuniibacter
OTU_8bacterium WHC4-8OTU_11Aureimarina
OTU_10unidentified ChloroplastOTU_19 NS5 marine group
OTU_17Virgulinella fragilisOTU_37Cryomorphaceae
OTU_22Micromonas commodaOTU_38NS4 marine group
OTU_25unidentified ChloroplastOTU_45Flavobacteriaceae
OTU_33environmental clone OCS162OTU_46Crocinitomicaceae
OTU_58Minutocellus sp. CCMP1701OTU_63Cryomorphaceae
OTU_74Phalacroma mitraOTU_89NS5 marine group
OTU_199unidentified ChloroplastOTU_104NS4 marine group
OTU_247unidentified ChloroplastBacteroidiaOTU_142NS9 marine group
OTU_606Guillardia thetaOTU_151NS9 marine group
OTU_858Cyanobium PCC-6307OTU_211NS5 marine group
OTU_1011BdellovibrionaceaOTU_234NS9 marine group
OTU_1059unidentified ChloroplastOTU_933Cryomorphaceae
OTU_107Nitrosococcaceae
OTU_110Nitrosomonadaceae
OTU_111Marinobacter
OTU_115bacterium BW3SW2
OTU_118Oceanobacter kriegii
OTU_123Nitrosomonadaceae
OTU_131Amphritea
OTU_134Pseudohongiella
OTU_145Marinobacter litoralis
), ArticleFig(id=1215304256429671123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211299027635794757, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

α-变形菌、γ-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌OTUs分类信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OTUs分类信息OTUs分类信息
AlphaproteobacteriaOTU_1Rhodobacteraceae bacterium HIMB11GammaproteobacteriaOTU_2Marinobacterium marisflavi
OTU_5AscidiaceihabitansOTU_3Marinobacter
OTU_7SAR11_clade_IaOTU_4Alteromonas mediterranea
OTU_9SulfitobacterOTU_15Neptuniibacter
OTU_14PseudooceanicolaOTU_16Limnobacter thiooxidans
OTU_28MarivivensOTU_18Nitrincolaceae
OTU_29SAR11_clade_IIIOTU_20Ketobacter alkanivorans
OTU_30alpha proteobacterium HIMB59OTU_23Litoricola
OTU_39FlavimaricolaOTU_24Alteromonadaceae
OTU_41SphingomonadaceaeOTU_26Corallomonas stylophorae
OTU_47PuniceispirillalesOTU_27Marinobacter sp. CP1
OTU_48HoefleaOTU_31Marinobacterium jannaschii
OTU_52alpha proteobacterium SCGC AAA015-N04OTU_32Methylophilaceae
OTU_53MarivitaOTU_42SAR86_clade
OTU_71SAR11_cladeOTU_43Aestuariibacter
OTU_77SAR11_clade_IIIOTU_49Nitrincolaceae
OTU_78SAR116_cladeOTU_50Pseudohongiella
OTU_82KordiimonadalesOTU_55Glaciecola
OTU_85SAR116_cladeOTU_56OM60NOR5_clade
OTU_86SAR11_clade_IIOTU_57Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_88SAR116_cladeOTU_59Neptuniibacter
OTU_93ErythrobacterOTU_62RS62 marine group
OTU_94ParvibaculaceaeOTU_64Vibrio fortis
OTU_112AlphaproteobacteriaOTU_65Polycyclovorans
OTU_114ParvularculaOTU_66Methylophilaceae
OTU_125MagnetospiraceaeOTU_67Pseudoalteromonas phenolica
OTU_132NisaeaceaeOTU_69Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_133AEGEAN-169_marine groupOTU_73Halioglobus
OTU_147StappiaceaeOTU_81SAR86_clade
OTU_149NRL2OTU_83Luminiphilus
OTU_166SulfitobacterOTU_84SUP05 cluster
OTU_168MagnetospiraceaeOTU_90OM60NOR5 clade
OTU_175PlanktomarinaOTU_96SAR86 clade
OTU_178Ruegeria sp.OTU_102Ga0077536
OTU_190SAR11_clade_IbOTU_106Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_191SAR116_clade OTU_155UBA10353 marine group
OTU_205Brevundimonas vesicularisOTU_156Methylophilaceae
OTU_242Maricaulis marisOTU_169EPR3968-O8a-Bc78
OTU_341RhodobacteraceaeOTU_171Bdellovibrionaceae
OTU_429Candidatus PuniceispirillumOTU_210unidentified Gammaproteobacteria
OTU_472RhodobacteraceaeOTU_312Thiotrichaceae
OTU_588RhodobacteraceaeOTU_408Pontibacterium granulatum
OTU_1102RhodobacteraceaeOTU_642Marinobacter salarius
OTU_1104ThalassococcusOTU_681Neptuniibacter
OTU_1186SAR11 clade_IOTU_804Marinobacter
OTU_1239RhodobacteraceaeOTU_1020Pontibacterium
OTU_1382RhodobacteraceaeOTU_1070Halieaceae
OTU_1757LimimaricolaOTU_1597SAR86_clade
CyanobacteriiaOTU_6Cyanobium PCC-6307OTU_>1689Neptuniibacter
OTU_8bacterium WHC4-8OTU_11Aureimarina
OTU_10unidentified ChloroplastOTU_19 NS5 marine group
OTU_17Virgulinella fragilisOTU_37Cryomorphaceae
OTU_22Micromonas commodaOTU_38NS4 marine group
OTU_25unidentified ChloroplastOTU_45Flavobacteriaceae
OTU_33environmental clone OCS162OTU_46Crocinitomicaceae
OTU_58Minutocellus sp. CCMP1701OTU_63Cryomorphaceae
OTU_74Phalacroma mitraOTU_89NS5 marine group
OTU_199unidentified ChloroplastOTU_104NS4 marine group
OTU_247unidentified ChloroplastBacteroidiaOTU_142NS9 marine group
OTU_606Guillardia thetaOTU_151NS9 marine group
OTU_858Cyanobium PCC-6307OTU_211NS5 marine group
OTU_1011BdellovibrionaceaOTU_234NS9 marine group
OTU_1059unidentified ChloroplastOTU_933Cryomorphaceae
OTU_107Nitrosococcaceae
OTU_110Nitrosomonadaceae
OTU_111Marinobacter
OTU_115bacterium BW3SW2
OTU_118Oceanobacter kriegii
OTU_123Nitrosomonadaceae
OTU_131Amphritea
OTU_134Pseudohongiella
OTU_145Marinobacter litoralis
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福建三沙湾海域细菌群落结构及其形成机制
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王飞鹏 1, 2 , 杨靖煜 1 , 蔡尊栋 1 , 陈锦源 1 , 田淼 1 , 王路 1, 2 , 李荣茂 3 , 刘炜 4 , 穆景利 1, 2, *
海洋学报 | 论文 2023,45(3): 84-96
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海洋学报 | 论文 2023, 45(3): 84-96
福建三沙湾海域细菌群落结构及其形成机制
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王飞鹏1, 2 , 杨靖煜1, 蔡尊栋1, 陈锦源1, 田淼1, 王路1, 2, 李荣茂3, 刘炜4, 穆景利1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1 闽江学院 地理与海洋学院,福建 福州 350108
  • 2 自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测修复工程技术创新中心,福建 福州 350108
  • 3 福建省海洋渔业资源监测中心,福建 福州 350003
  • 4 国家海洋局宁德海洋环境监测中心站,福建 宁德 352100
  • 王飞鹏(1987-),男,山西省运城市人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为环境微生物分子生态学。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*穆景利,研究员,主要从事海洋生态环境污染物效应及渔业资源的损害评估研究。E-mail:
Bacterial community structure and assembly mechanisms in Sansha Bay, Fujian
Feipeng Wang1, 2 , Jingyu Yang1, Zundong Cai1, Jinyuan Chen1, Miao Tian1, Lu Wang1, 2, Rongmao Li3, Wei Liu4, Jingli Mu1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
  • 2Technology Innovation Center of Monitoring and Restoration Engineering in Southeast Ecologically Fragile Areas, Ministry of Natural Resources, Fuzhou 350108, China
  • 3Fujian Provincial Marine Environment and Fishery Resources Monitoring Center, Fuzhou 350003, China
  • 4Ningde Marine Environmental Mobitoring Ceter, State Oceanic Administration, Ningde 352100, China
出版时间: 2023-03-01 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023034
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细菌群落在水生生态系统中起着非常关键的作用。基于DNA和RNA高通量测序技术研究了福建三沙湾海域细菌的群落结构及其形成机制。结果发现:(1)三沙湾海域中共检测到细菌1 476个操作分类单元(OTUs),其中γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌为多样性最高的类群;(2)基于DNA和RNA高通量测序技术均发现这4种类群同时也是该海域细菌群落中的优势类群,但其代谢活性处于不同的状态,主要受到盐度、总氮、亚硝氮和无机磷酸盐浓度的调控;(3)三沙湾细菌群落结构在空间尺度上的分布存在差异,表现为地理位置上越相近的海区其细菌群落结构越相似。中性模型进一步分析发现,三沙湾海域细菌群落的形成主要受到中性过程的调控。本研究结果可为深入理解福建三沙湾海域中细菌群落结构及其形成机制提供理论依据。

细菌群落结构  /  高通量测序  /  代谢活性  /  群落形成机制  /  三沙湾

Bacteria play an important role in the aquatic ecosystem. In our work, bacterial community structure and assembly mechanisms were studied in Sansha Bay in Fujian Province based on DNA and RNA high-throughput sequencing. Our results revealed that: (1) A total of 1476 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, and γ-proteobacteria, α-proteobacteria, cyanobacteriia and bacteroidia were the most diverse bacterial groups. (2) γ-proteobacteria, α-proteobacteria, cyanobacteriia and bacteroidia were also the most abundant groups in Sansha Bay both in the DNA and RNA high-throughput sequencing results. The metabolic activities of these four dominant groups were different, and their metabolic activities were mainly regulated by salinity, total nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and inorganic phosphate concentrations. (3) The bacterial community structure in Sansha Bay was different in spatial scale, and the closer the geographical location was, the more similar the bacterial community structure was. Neutral process was the main assembly mechanism affecting the construction of bacterial community in Sansha Bay. Our results were useful for the understanding the bacterial community structure and assembly mechanism in Sansha Bay, Fujian.

bacterial community structure  /  high-throughput sequencing  /  metabolic activities  /  assembly mechanisms  /  Sansha Bay
王飞鹏, 杨靖煜, 蔡尊栋, 陈锦源, 田淼, 王路, 李荣茂, 刘炜, 穆景利. 福建三沙湾海域细菌群落结构及其形成机制. 海洋学报, 2023 , 45 (3) : 84 -96 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023034
Feipeng Wang, Jingyu Yang, Zundong Cai, Jinyuan Chen, Miao Tian, Lu Wang, Rongmao Li, Wei Liu, Jingli Mu. Bacterial community structure and assembly mechanisms in Sansha Bay, Fujian[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2023 , 45 (3) : 84 -96 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023034
三沙湾地处福建省东北部沿海(26.5°~26.96°N,119.43°~120.17°E),是我国典型的近海封闭型海湾。三沙湾由一澳(三都澳)、二洋(管井洋和东吾洋)、三港(白马港、盐田港和鲈门港)等次一级的海湾汇聚而成,其面积约为714 km2,湾口宽度仅为3 km[1-2]。三沙湾终年属于中亚热带海洋性季风气候,海水中饵料丰富,水质肥沃,是我国重要的大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)养殖基地[3-4]
细菌具有非常高的多样性,广泛存在于各类生态系统中,其在海洋微生物生态系统物质循环及能量流动中起着非常关键的作用[5],一方面细菌可以将有机物矿化为浮游植物可利用的无机营养盐,另一方面细菌还可将可溶性有机物向更高营养级的生物传递。唐娅菲等[6]在春季三沙湾海域中共鉴定出浮游植物3门22属38种,硅藻是其中的优势类群,且三沙湾浮游植物的分布主要受到温度、盐度、溶解氧浓度和活性磷酸盐浓度的调控。徐佳奕和徐兆礼[7]研究发现三沙湾海域4−5月间受浙闽沿岸流影响,浮游动物类群与长江口浮游动物群落结构相似。而在8月和10月,该海域浮游动物多样性高于4−5月,且其群落结构与南海北部海域极为相似。细菌群落结构及其形成机制在三沙湾海域的研究目前还较少。
Illumina高通量测序技术具有测序通量高、价格低、技术成熟等优点,目前已经被广泛应用于不同生态系统的微生物群落研究中[8]。基于rDNA高通量测序技术(DNA测序)虽然极大地提高了研究者对环境样本中微生物群落结构的认识[9-10]。但随着研究的深入,研究者发现基于DNA测序存在以下不足:(1)容易受到基因拷贝数的影响[11];(2)DNA在胞外环境中可存活一段时间,基于DNA测序的结果可能受到胞外溶解态DNA、死亡细胞、休眠体细胞等的影响[9]。相比于rDNA,rRNA在胞外环境中容易降解,且rRNA序列信息可反映细胞核糖体的活跃性或蛋白质合成的潜能[12-13]。因此,目前微生物学家普遍接受:基于DNA测序可反应环境样本中存在的类群,而基于rRNA的测序技术(RNA测序)可反映环境样本中活跃的类群[14-15]。此外,RNA与DNA的比例可作为细菌类群的代谢活性指标[12]。需要注意的是,由于细胞大小、生长周期、基因拷贝数上存在差异,代谢活性一般仅用于同一类群在不同采样环境中的比较,不同类群间不作比较[16]
本研究基于DNA和RNA高通量测序技术,研究了三沙湾海域细菌群落多样性及其类群组成,分析了细菌群落在三沙湾海域空间尺度上的分布,以及细菌优势类群在该海域的代谢活性及其主要的调控因子。此外,本研究还通过中性模型(Neutral Community Model,NCM)分析了三沙湾海域细菌群落形成的主要调控机制。
本研究采样完成于2021年6月16日,共13个采样站位,见图1。每个采样站位采集表层海水5 L,所有站位水样收集完成后立即带回实验室,并在当天完成水样的过滤。水样首先通过200 μm筛绢预过滤,去除水体中的杂质及大粒径生物。预过滤的海水经蠕动泵进一步富集到0.2 μm孔径的核酸纤维膜上(直径为142 mm,Milipore,美国)。由于RNA在胞外环境中容易降解,为减少样本中RNA的丢失,本研究控制水样的过滤速度为0.5~1 L/min。膜样收集完成后立即放入−80℃冰箱中保存。现场采样中,基于WTW手持水质分析仪(Multi3620,德国)观测并记录水体温度和盐度。
水样(0.5 L)经0.45 μm孔径的玻璃纤维滤膜(Whatman,美国)过滤,收集过滤的水样保存于−20℃环境中,并尽快完成营养盐测定。本研究测定的营养盐指标包括:总氮(TN)、氨氮(${{\rm {NH}}_4^+{\text{-}}{\rm{N}}}$)、硝态氮(${{\rm {NO}}_3^-{\text{-}}{\rm{N}}}$)、亚硝氮(NIT)、总磷(TP)和正磷酸盐(SRP)。营养盐分析方法参照文献[17]
通过AllPrep DNA/RNA Mini Kit(Qiagen,德国)试剂盒对获得的滤膜样本进行DNA/RNA共提取。本研究对试剂盒操作步骤进行了适当的优化,以确保获得高质量的DNA和RNA。获得的RNA提取物首先通过gDNA wipeout buffer (Qiagen,德国)处理,去除样本中可能存在的基因组DNA。纯化的RNA继续经过QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit(Qiagen,德国)试剂盒反转录为cDNA。DNA/cDNA浓度和质量分别通过Nanodrop 2000分光光度计(Thermo Scientific,美国)和1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。本研究扩增子片段为16S V3−V4片段,所用引物为:上游引物341F(5′-CCTACGGGNGGCWGCAG-3′)和下游引物805R(5′-GACTACHVGGGTATCTAATCC-3′)[18]。PCR体系为25 μL,其中:12.5 μL 2×Taq PCR mix(Takara,中国),不少于1 μg DNA或cDNA模板,0.1 μmol/L上游引物1 μg,0.1 μmol/L下游引物1 μg,ddH2O补充至25 μL。PCR扩增程序为:95℃预变性2 min;95℃变性30 s,55℃退火30 s,72℃延伸30 s,该过程持续25个循环;最后72℃延伸5 min。扩增产物通过2%浓度琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,合格的产物进行磁珠纯化并采用酶标定量。根据PCR产物浓度进行等量混样,混匀后通过2%浓度琼脂糖凝胶进行电泳检验。合格的目的条带通过QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit(Qiagen,德国)试剂盒回收。回收的PCR产物寄送至诺禾致源(Novogene)进行测序,本研究测序平台为NovaSeq 6000。
原始序列下机后依据Barcode和引物序列拆分出各样本数据,去掉Barcode和引物序列片段后经FLASH(V1.2.7,http://ccb.jhu.edu/ software /FLASH/)[19]进行拼接。拼接后的序列质量控制在Qiime(V1.9.1http://qiime.org/scripts/split_libraries_fastq.html)平台上进行[20]。质控后得到的高质量序列进一步通过GitHub(https://github.com/torognes/vsearch/)检测并去除嵌合体[21]。最终获得的序列通过Uparse(V7.01001,http://www.drive5.com/uparse/)[22]以0.97的相似度聚类形成操作分类单元(Operational Taxonomic Units,OTUs)。OTUs中出现频次最高的序列为其代表序列,代表序列通过Mothur方法比对SILVA138(http://www.arb-silva.de/)中的SSUrRNA数据库[23]进行物种分类注释,阈值设为0.8~1。进一步分析中,去除了仅在一个样本中出现的OTUs、只含一条序列的OTUs和经注释后为非细菌的OTUs。为避免测序深度不同带来的误差,DNA和RNA样本均以样本中最小序列数进行均一化处理,处理完成后各样本序列均为59 006条。
细菌α多样性指数(Shannon指数和Chao1指数)基于Qiime平台计算得到。本研究中生物信息学分析均基于R软件(version 4.0.2)完成。皮尔森相关性(Pearson’s correlation)分析用于阐明细菌多样性与环境因子间的相关性。主坐标分析(Principal Coordinate Analysis,PCoA)基于Bray-Curtis距离矩阵来比较细菌群落结构在空间尺度上的差异,通过R软件Vegan包完成[24]。典型相关分析(Canonical Correlation Analysis, CCA)用来表征细菌类群代谢活性与环境因子间的相关性,通过R软件Vegan包完成。细菌OTUs代谢活性(RNA∶DNA)基于OTUs在RNA及DNA测序结果中的相对丰度计算获得[8, 13],其在站位间代谢活性的变化通过热图展示。中性模型基于OTUs出现频率与其相对丰度间的关系分析随机过程(中性过程)在细菌群落形成中的潜在贡献。
本研究采样区域包含三沙湾盐田港水域、鲈门港水域、三都澳水域、东吾洋水域和官井洋水域,涵盖筏式养殖、网箱养殖等水域。各站位水质参数及营养盐浓度见表1。航次期间三沙湾各站位温度变化范围为26.2~28.5℃,盐度变化范围为17.1~31.3,TN浓度变化范围为0.401~1.907 mg/L,${{\rm {NH}}_4^+{\text{-}}{\rm{N}}}$浓度变化范围为0.203~0.766 mg/L,${{\rm {NO}}_3^-{\text{-}}{\rm{N}}}$浓度变化范围为0.311~0.643 mg/L,NIT浓度变化范围为0.074~0.11 mg/L,TP浓度变化范围为0.047~0.145 mg/L,SRP浓度变化范围为0.058~0.138 mg/L。三沙湾水域水质参数及营养盐浓度总体分布为:鲈门港水体盐度较低,硝态氮和总磷浓度较高;三都澳水体总氮和硝态氮浓度较高;东吾洋水体盐度最高(>31),且水体亚硝氮和正磷酸盐浓度较高,而总氮浓度较低(表1)。
本研究共获得测序数据1 654 049条,经数据质控及嵌合体去除,获得高质量序列1 534 156条,以97%的相似度聚类共获得 1 476个OTUs。γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌为三沙湾海域细菌群落多样性(OTU数)最高的类群(图2a图2b)。基于DNA测序结果,γ-变形菌为429 OTUs,占细菌群落总多样性的33.20%、α-变形菌为224 OTUs(17.34%)、蓝细菌为108 OTUs(8.36%)、拟杆菌为132 OTUs(10.22%) (图2a)。基于RNA测序方案检测到的γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌分别为433 OTUs(33.21%)、227 OTUs(17.41%)、87 OTUs(6.67%)和169 OTUs (12.96%)(图2b)。基于DNA测序技术表征的细菌群落OTUs数目在采样站位间的变化范围为465~656,其中SS3站位多样性最高,而多样性低值出现在SS11站位(图2c)。Shannon指数变化范围为3.22~6.20,其中SS8站位多样性最高,SS11站位多样性最低。Chao1指数变化范围为458.17~943.55,其中在SS4和SS11站位检测到多样性的最高值与最低值(表2)。基于RNA测序技术表征的细菌群落OTUs数目在采样站位间的变化范围为547~703,其中SS12站位为多样性最高的站位,而SS8站位多样性最低(图2d)。Shannon指数变化范围为5.07~6.38,多样性最高值与最低值分别出现在SS6和SS11站位。Chao1指数变化范围为579.31~792.89,在SS13和SS8站位分别检测到多样性最高值与最低值(表2)。然而,皮尔森相关性分析并未发现三沙湾海域细菌多样性(基于DNA和RNA测序)与环境因子间存在显著相关性(图3)。
α-变形菌、γ-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌为三沙湾海域细菌的优势类群(图4a图4b)。α-变形菌在DNA测序结果中在各采样站位间均有着较高的序列丰度(9.77%~47.59%),在SS9站位其序列相对丰度高达47.59%。基于RNA的测序结果,α-变形菌在各站位间的相对丰度降低,但仍为优势类群,其相对丰度变化范围为12.61%~35.61%。γ-变形菌在基于DNA测序结果中在各站位间有着较高的序列丰度(6.15%~78.04%),其中SS11站位其相对丰度高达78.04%。相比于DNA测序结果,γ-变形菌序列丰度在RNA测序结果中进一步提升,变化范围为25.38%~75.33%,其中SS11站位相对丰度高达75.33%。蓝细菌序列丰度在DNA测序结果中变化范围较大,在SS11站位其序列丰度仅为0.2%,而在SS3站位其序列丰度为36.25%。相比于DNA测序结果,蓝细菌在RNA测序结果中相对丰度明显上升,其变化范围为3.61%~42.41%。拟杆菌在DNA测序结果中相对丰度变化范围为3.96%~20.94%,而其在RNA序列结果中相对丰度仅占0.65%~5.87%。放线菌和酸微菌纲在DNA测序结果中相对丰度分别为1.37%~12.35%和1.14%~9.3%,而在RNA测序结果中,这两种类群的序列丰度均小于1%。弯曲菌(Campylobacteria)、疣微菌纲(Verrucomicrobiae)、蛭弧菌(Bdellovibrionia)、Rhodothermia等类群仅占到总序列丰度的小部分(图4)。
红杆菌科、Marinobacteraceae、黄杆菌科和Nitrincolaceae为三沙湾海域细菌在科级水平的优势类群(图4c图4d)。基于DNA测序结果,红杆菌科类群序列丰度在采样站位间变化范围为7.55%~38.12%,其中在SS5站位丰度最高。Marinobacteraceae类群在各站位间的相对丰度变化较大,从0.32%(SS12站位)到32.87%(SS1站位)。黄杆菌科类群在采样站位间的相对丰度变化为2.67%~19.47%。Nitrincolaceae类群在SS11和SS12站位有着非常高的相对丰度,分别为67.57%和43.31%(图4c)。相比于DNA测序结果,RNA测序结果中红杆菌科和黄杆菌科类群在站位间的相对丰度降低,分别为6.72%~27.59%和0.34%~4.6%,而Marinobacteraceae和Nitrincolaceae类群相对丰度则上升,分别为3.2%~28.44%和7.88%~51.5%(图4d)。
基于Bray-Curtis距离矩阵的各样本细菌群落结构的主坐标分析(PCoA)发现,基于DNA和RNA两种测序方案表征的细菌群落在X轴分为两个部分(图5)。Y轴方向SS1、SS2、SS5和SS10站位,SS3、SS4、SS6、SS7、SS8和SS9站位细菌群落结构较为相似。地理位置上,SS1、SS2、SS4、SS5、SS9和SS10站位属于三都澳水域,SS3、SS7和SS8站位位于鲈门港水域,SS6站位位于盐田港水域,SS11和SS12站位位于东吾洋水域;SS13站位位于官井洋水域。
细菌在三沙湾海域基于DNA和RNA测序方案表征的群落结构在不同站位间存在较大差异(图4)。RNA∶DNA值可作为描述细菌群落和OTU代谢活性的指标。三沙湾海域优势类群:γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌(表3)在各站位代谢活性热图见图6。代谢活性热图可以看出本研究期间三沙湾海域中α-变形菌、γ-变形菌和蓝细菌多数OTUs处于代谢活跃的状态,而拟杆菌多数OTUs处于代谢不活跃的状态。典型相关分析进一步分析发现三沙湾海域细菌优势类群的代谢活性主要受到盐度、总氮、亚硝氮和无机磷酸盐浓度的调控(图7)。
三沙湾海域细菌多样性及群落结构在采样站位间存在变化(图2图4),且其多样性在站位间的变化与环境因子间并未发现有显著相关性(图3)。为进一步研究该海域细菌群落的形成机制,基于中性模型分析发现,该模型对研究海域细菌群落的形成解释度高于84% (DNA:R2=0.844 8,m=0.261 7;RNA:R2=0.892 8,m=0.417 5)(图8),表明中性过程(随机过程)在三沙湾海域细菌群落形成中起着关键的作用。
γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌为三沙湾海域中多样性和相对丰度最高的类群(图2图4)。变形菌是一类革兰氏阴性菌,是原核生物中一支重要的分支[25]。本研究中,γ-变形菌主要包含海细菌属(Marinobacterium)、海杆菌属(Marinobacter)和Neptuniibacter。海细菌属能够耐受低氧环境[26],在缺氧的环境中可高效地降解有机物[27]。海杆菌属在降解石油污染物方面起着非常重要的作用,是脂肪族、多环芳烃和环类异戊二烯化合物的高效降解菌[28]Neptuniibacter属中多数种可以降解石油中的芳香烃[29],在受石油污染的海水中经常被检测到[30]α-变形菌中主要为红杆菌科(Rhodobacteraceae)。红杆菌科常存在于海水水体中,主要包含光能异养菌和化能异养菌,可在缺氧环境中进行光合作用,参与海洋生态系统碳、氮、硫的循环[31-32]。蓝细菌又称蓝藻,是海洋中重要的初级生产者,贡献了海洋净初级生产的25%[33]。拟杆菌的主要类群为黄杆菌科(Flavobacteriaceae)。黄杆菌科多数种在降解生物大分子(如:多糖和蛋白质)等方面起着重要的作用,促进海洋环境中碳的循环[34]。黄亚玲等在2021年4−10月对三沙湾海域(9个航次,采样站位与本研究站位一致)水质长时间的跟踪监测发现,该海域大部分区域水质达到富营养化状态,多数站位溶解态无机氮(DIN)和活性磷酸盐(PO4-P)浓度超过第四类海水水质标准(未发表)。三沙湾海域缺氧、富营养化、石油等污染物的存在可能是本研究中检测到高丰度的γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌的原因。此外,基于DNA和RNA测序技术表征的细菌群落结构在三沙湾海域均存在空间尺度上的差异,表现为地理位置上越相近的海域细菌群落结构越相似(图5)。
微生物学家普遍认为基于DNA测序可以反映环境样本中存在的类群,而基于RNA测序则反映其中活跃的类群[9, 12]。基于DNA和RNA测序方案表征的细菌群落结构在三沙湾采样站位间存在较大的差异(图4)。rRNA序列信息可反映核糖体的活跃性或蛋白质合成的潜能[16],且RNA∶DNA值可作为微生物类群/物种代谢活性的潜在指标[12]。在计算RNA∶DNA值时,OTUs必须同时满足:(1)在所有样本中均检测到;(2)在DNA和RNA测序结果中同时出现[15]。本研究共筛选出135 OTUs,其中γ-变形菌58 OTUs、α-变形菌48 OTUs、蓝细菌15 OTUs和拟杆菌14 OTUs(表3)。微生物代谢活性通常受到环境因子的调控,如:西北太平洋微微型真核生物代谢活性主要受到硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和硅酸盐浓度的调控[13];曝气处理的人工湿地中细菌类群代谢活性主要受到总氮和硝态氮浓度的调控[35]。本研究期间三沙湾海域γ-变形菌、α-变形菌和蓝细菌多数OTUs处于代谢活跃的状态,而拟杆菌多数OTUs处于代谢不活跃的状态(图5),且其代谢活性主要受到盐度、总氮、亚硝氮和无机磷酸盐浓度的调控(图6)。
环境微生物的群落形成机制近年来越来越成为微生物学家关心的问题[36-37]。Vellend[38]提出环境微生物的群落形成主要受到选择、扩散、生态漂移和物种形成4种主要过程调控。该概念框架可简单反映为“确定性过程”和“随机过程”。经典的确定性过程理论认为环境微生物的群落结构主要受到决定性因素的影响,如:物种自身的特性、物种间的相互作用、环境因子(温度、盐度、pH、溶解氧浓度、营养盐浓度等)的调控。随机过程认为扩散限制、物种随机的繁殖、死亡、灭绝等过程是影响环境微生物群落结构的主要机制[39]。近年来,随机过程在环境微生物群落形成过程中的重要性越来越被微生物学家所认识,如:热带北太平洋细菌群落结构主要受到生态漂移过程的调控[37];随机过程在汀江丰水期和枯水期微生物群落形成中均起着非常重要的作用[40]
细菌类群粒径较小随着海流的运动而扩散,但因水团性质的差异(如:温度、盐度、密度等)形成的分层现象又会影响细菌群落的扩散。中性模型可用于分析随机过程在微生物群落构建中的潜在贡献,该模型基于OTU的出现频率与其相对丰度间的关系,预测丰度较高的类群更有可能广泛分布,而稀有类群则由于生态漂移可能会丢失[40]R2为微生物群落结构与中性模型的整体拟合度,表示随机过程的比例。该模型常用于评估不同生境中微生物群落的动态变化,如:Burns等[41]研究发现中性过程在斑马鱼(Brachydanio rerio)肠道微生物群落构建中起着非常重要的作用;Wang等[8]研究发现该模型很好地解释了南海北部微型及微微型真核生物群落的形成。本研究发现,三沙湾海域细菌群落多样性变化与环境因子间不存在显著相关性(图3),但中性模型却能很好地解释该海域细菌群落的形成(R2>0.8,图8),表明中性过程(随机过程)在三沙湾海域中细菌群落的形成中起着关键的作用,细菌群落在三沙湾海域随水流的被动扩散可能是影响其群落形成的主要原因。
(1)γ-变形菌、α-变形菌、蓝细菌和拟杆菌为三沙湾海域多样性及丰度最高的类群。
(2)三沙湾海域细菌群落结构在空间尺度上存在差异,在地理位置上越相近的海区,其细菌群落结构越相似。
(3)在本研究调查期间,三沙湾海域γ-变形菌、α-变形菌和蓝细菌处于代谢活跃的状态,拟杆菌处于代谢相对不活跃的状态,且这4种优势类群代谢活性主要受到盐度、总氮、亚硝氮和无机磷酸盐浓度的调控。
(4)中性过程是影响三沙湾海域细菌群落形成的主要机制。
  • 福建省自然科学基金(2020J01866);福建省海洋经济发展专项(FJHJF-L-2022-12);闽江学院校级科研项目(MYK21012);自然资源部东海局青年科学基金(202012);自然资源部工程技术创新中心课题(KY-090000-04-2021-002)。
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2023年第45卷第3期
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doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023034
  • 接收时间:2022-06-07
  • 首发时间:2025-12-26
  • 出版时间:2023-03-01
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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-07
  • 修回日期:2022-09-28
基金
福建省自然科学基金(2020J01866);福建省海洋经济发展专项(FJHJF-L-2022-12);闽江学院校级科研项目(MYK21012);自然资源部东海局青年科学基金(202012);自然资源部工程技术创新中心课题(KY-090000-04-2021-002)。
作者信息
    1 闽江学院 地理与海洋学院,福建 福州 350108
    2 自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测修复工程技术创新中心,福建 福州 350108
    3 福建省海洋渔业资源监测中心,福建 福州 350003
    4 国家海洋局宁德海洋环境监测中心站,福建 宁德 352100

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*穆景利,研究员,主要从事海洋生态环境污染物效应及渔业资源的损害评估研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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