Article(id=1211297840597430400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211297835618799960, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2023047, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1663084800000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-14, revisedDate=1666627200000, revisedDateStr=2022-10-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766725510024, onlineDateStr=2025-12-26, pubDate=1680192000000, pubDateStr=2023-03-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766725510024, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766725510024, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766725510024, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1211297835618799960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2023', volume='45', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='178', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766725508837, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766924525177, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212132570683281639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211297835618799960, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212132570683281640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1211297835618799960, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=144, endPage=153, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1211297840828117125, articleId=1211297840597430400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation and data processing, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile (FADCP) samples in a “free-fall” manner, which can observe the full depth current without relying on the cable traction of the ship, and its stability is greatly improved compared with lowered acoustic doppler current profiler (LADCP), effectively reducing the irregular motion in the observations. The FADCP observation experiments conducted in April and September 2021 at Xisha waters in the South China Sea obtained current and CTD data from two sections containing 16 stations. Based on the real bottom current observation during the resting period, the full-depth current profiles at each station were obtained by shear method, and the average deviation of the station profile near a mooring compared with the mooring profile was 3 cm/s. The observation section captured the cyclonic eddies of two periods at Xisha waters with more precise vertical structures than the HYCOM simulation, and the surface flows fitted with the absolute geostrophic currents. This research shows that the FADCP has low vessel requirements, high data quality, easy post-processing and good results, but cannot perform supplementary observations for specific water layers.

, correspAuthors=Chujin Liang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2023 Pratacultural Science. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yong Mou, Chujin Liang, Feilong Lin, Zijian Cui), CN=ArticleExt(id=1211297842900103381, articleId=1211297840597430400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面(FADCP)观测以“自由落体”方式进行采样,其不依赖于测船钢缆牵引即可对全深度海流进行观测,观测稳定性较下放式声学多普勒海流剖面(LADCP)大幅提升,有效减少了观测值之中的不规则运动。2021年4月与9月在南海西沙海域开展的FADCP观测实验获得了两个断面包含16个站的海流及CTD资料。基于静置期间的真实底流观测,各站全深度的海流剖面采用剪切法获得,潜标附近站位剖面与潜标观测剖面相比,平均流速偏差为3 cm/s。观测断面捕捉到了西沙海域两个时期的气旋涡,其垂直结构比HYCOM模拟更精细,表层流与绝对地转流契合。研究表明,FADCP对测船要求低、数据质量高,其后处理简便且结果良好,但无法对特定水层实施补充观测。

, correspAuthors=梁楚进, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*梁楚进(1966-),男,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=euBgtwxc8uBCcQxgT+EybA==, magXml=32eVfXfjOass8d08fAocpA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=N2BIIOin3p/jYKu3MrY8gw==, pdfFileSize=3605465, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=4nz2fu/DhYwQhnYyfx+JeA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=EOH7CgykXtK/hJveqXe/rw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

牟勇(1996-),男,贵州省遵义市人,研究方向为深海动力过程。E-mail:

, authorsList=牟勇, 梁楚进, 蔺飞龙, 崔子健)}, authors=[Author(id=1215313995985244880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yongmou_work@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1215313997272896214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313995985244880, language=EN, stringName=Yong Mou, firstName=Yong, middleName=null, lastName=Mou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1215313997407113956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313995985244880, language=CN, stringName=牟勇, firstName=勇, middleName=null, lastName=牟, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012, bio={"content":"

牟勇(1996-),男,贵州省遵义市人,研究方向为深海动力过程。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

牟勇(1996-),男,贵州省遵义市人,研究方向为深海动力过程。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1215313995469345446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995477734055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995469345446, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012)])]), Author(id=1215313997478417129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=cjliang@sio.org.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1215313997591663351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313997478417129, language=EN, stringName=Chujin Liang, firstName=Chujin, middleName=null, lastName=Liang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1215313997667160833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313997478417129, language=CN, stringName=梁楚进, firstName=楚进, middleName=null, lastName=梁, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012
2 南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
3 浙江大学 海洋学院,浙江 杭州 310058, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1215313995469345446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995477734055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995469345446, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215313995649700533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995653894838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995649700533, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215313995830055619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995838444228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995830055619, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江大学 海洋学院,浙江 杭州 310058)])]), Author(id=1215313997746852616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1215313997843321615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313997746852616, language=EN, stringName=Feilong Lin, firstName=Feilong, middleName=null, lastName=Lin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1215313997935596312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313997746852616, language=CN, stringName=蔺飞龙, firstName=飞龙, middleName=null, lastName=蔺, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1215313995469345446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995477734055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995469345446, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012)])]), Author(id=1215313998002705184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1215313998099174181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313998002705184, language=EN, stringName=Zijian Cui, firstName=Zijian, middleName=null, lastName=Cui, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1215313998195643180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, authorId=1215313998002705184, language=CN, stringName=崔子健, firstName=子健, middleName=null, lastName=崔, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 浙江大学 海洋学院,浙江 杭州 310058, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1215313995830055619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995838444228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995830055619, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江大学 海洋学院,浙江 杭州 310058)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1215313998380192569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=FADCP), Keyword(id=1215313998476661567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=LADCP), Keyword(id=1215313998560547654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=shear method), Keyword(id=1215313998652822348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面), Keyword(id=1215313998787040089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=LADCP), Keyword(id=1215313998887703392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=剪切法)], refs=[Reference(id=1215314002247341001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Firing E, Gordon R L. Deep ocean acoustic Doppler current profiling[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE Fourth Working Conference on Current Measurement. Clinton: IEEE, 1990: 192−201., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002318644170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fischer J, Visbeck M. Deep velocity profiling with self-contained ADCPs[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 1993, 10(5): 764−773., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002440278992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Firing E. Lowered ADCP development and use in WOCE[C]//International WOCE Newsletter. [S.l.: s.n.]. 1998: 10−15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002528359379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Morozov A N, Lemeshko E M, Shutov S A, et al. Structure of the Black Sea currents based on the results of the LADCP observations in 2004−2014[J]. Physical Oceanography, 2017(1): 25−40., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002620634070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Komaki K, Kawabe M. Deep-circulation current through the Main Gap of the Emperor Seamounts Chain in the North Pacific[J]. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2009, 56(3): 305−313., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002704520153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Seo S, Park Y G, Park J H, et al. Observation and simulation of internal tides on the continental slope of the southwestern East Sea[C]//EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts. Vienna: EGU, 2013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002767434717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Saito T. Simple LADCP data processing method with DGPS[R]. Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002830349281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨成浩, 廖光洪, 袁耀初, 等. ADCP观测得到的2008年4月吕宋海峡流速剖面结构[J]. 海洋学报, 2013, 35(3): 1−10., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002897458148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Chenghao, Liao Guanghong, Yuan Yaochu, et al. Structures of velocity profile in the Luzon Strait measured by LADCP in April 2008[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2013, 35(3): 1−10., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314002981344232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Thurnherr A M, Symonds D, St. Laurent L. Processing explorer ADCP data collected on Slocum gliders using the LADCP shear method[C]//2015 IEEE/OES Eleveth Current, Waves and Turbulence Measurement. St. Petersburg: IEEE, 2015: 1−7., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314003052647405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢玲玲, 郭心顺, 张艳伟, 等. LADCP底跟踪参考速度问题分析[J]. 海洋技术, 2013, 32(2): 1−5,34., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314003149116398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xie Lingling, Guo Xinshun, Zhang Yanwei, et al. Reference velocity from bottom track in LADCP data processing[J]. Journal of Ocean Technology, 2013, 32(2): 1−5,34., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314003258168304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Visbeck M. Deep velocity profiling using lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers: bottom track and inverse solutions[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2002, 19(5): 794−807., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314003346248691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Egbert G D. Tidal data inversion: interpolation and inference[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 1997, 40(1/4): 53−80., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1215314003514020854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Egbert G D, Erofeeva S Y. Efficient inverse modeling of Barotropic ocean tides[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2002, 19(2): 183−204., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1215314002029237187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=自然资源部第二海洋研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(JG2006), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1215313995469345446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995477734055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995469345446, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215313995570008750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995578397359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995570008750, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215313995649700533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995653894838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995649700533, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215313995754558141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995762946750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995754558141, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Ocean Science, Nanjing University of Information and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215313995830055619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995838444228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995830055619, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江大学 海洋学院,浙江 杭州 310058)]), AuthorCompany(id=1215313995913941706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1215313995922330315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, companyId=1215313995913941706, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3School of Ocean Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1215313999080641391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=FADCP instrument chain and data array

a. Schematic diagram; b. data array, the red triangles represent the static stage of the instrument; c. physical diagram

, figureFileSmall=0z/NDg2XyX1znaaCgpHq1Q==, figureFileBig=w7vPQMsHiDKIsf7d8lbV/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999172916083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=图1, caption=FADCP仪器链及其资料阵

a.示意图;b.资料阵,红色三角点代表仪器静置阶段;c.实物图

, figureFileSmall=0z/NDg2XyX1znaaCgpHq1Q==, figureFileBig=w7vPQMsHiDKIsf7d8lbV/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999281967993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Overview of the free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation stations

a. Observation section and the mooring M1; b. vertical cross-section

, figureFileSmall=C6ZnLDkd8vjF7VJp+qoDKQ==, figureFileBig=uAUCQmJlBc4uTN7ms+i65Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999370048386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=图2, caption=自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测站位概况

a.观测断面及潜标M1;b.垂向横截面

, figureFileSmall=C6ZnLDkd8vjF7VJp+qoDKQ==, figureFileBig=uAUCQmJlBc4uTN7ms+i65Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999483294602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile (a–e) and lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (f–j) characteristic parameters

a, f. Zonal velocity; b, g. inclination, the blue line is the falling stage, and the red line is the recovery stage; c, h. vertical velocity; d, i. vertical velocity error, blue dot represents absolute value greater than 20 cm/s; e, j. ratio of instrument horizontal velocity to current

, figureFileSmall=QWfVSp4dnQt5B16AfaQU0g==, figureFileBig=4MQmf4sZgx2ZUkr6RkSucA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999571374989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=图3, caption=自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面 (a–e)与下放式声学多普勒海流剖面 (f–j)特征参数

a, f. 纬向流速;b, g. 倾角,蓝色:下落阶段,红色:回收阶段;c, h. 垂向速度;d, i. 垂向速度误差,蓝点代表绝对值大于20 cm/s;e, j. 仪器水平速度与海流的比值

, figureFileSmall=QWfVSp4dnQt5B16AfaQU0g==, figureFileBig=4MQmf4sZgx2ZUkr6RkSucA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999651066768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Near bottom velocity of free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile at Station P8 in September, 2021

a. Zonal velocity profiles; b. distribution of samples in the first layer; c. distribution of samples in the second layer

, figureFileSmall=ZdatwLWiiw6wwVgh5L+zwg==, figureFileBig=DavBwN1bhFfzM7+KCHnuVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999730758548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=图4, caption=2021年9月P8站自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面静置阶段近底流速

a.纬向速度剖面;b.第一层样本分布;c.第二层样本分布

, figureFileSmall=ZdatwLWiiw6wwVgh5L+zwg==, figureFileBig=DavBwN1bhFfzM7+KCHnuVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999789478807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Velocity profile and its deviation observed at Station P5 in September, 2021

a. Zonal velocity profile, black line: FADCP, red line: mooring M1, gray points: velocity samples of M1; b. zonal velocity deviations, black line: FADCP observation deviation from mooring M1, red line: standard deviation of mooring observation; c. meridional velocity profile; d. meridional velocity deviations

, figureFileSmall=JmrPQgBj1ZXB4frrlUYC4Q==, figureFileBig=locYn/JCqwbS8GE1f3w2Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999860781980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=图5, caption=2021年9月P5站观测流速剖面及其偏差

a.纬向流速剖面,黑线:FADCP,红线:潜标M1,灰色点:M1观测流速样本;b.纬向流速偏差,黑线:FADCP与潜标M1观测偏差,红线:潜标M1观测标准差;c.经向流速剖面;d.经向流速偏差

, figureFileSmall=JmrPQgBj1ZXB4frrlUYC4Q==, figureFileBig=locYn/JCqwbS8GE1f3w2Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215313999927890848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Current section of free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile observation (a, b) and HYCOM simulation (c, d)

a, c. April; b, d. September, negative value of color column indicates southwest flow, and positive value indicates northeast flow, the red triangle points is the FADCP station

, figureFileSmall=G0eLJhiVigD9epqtIvp66A==, figureFileBig=F/ih8fMS98nkz1WyhF1oJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215314000020165540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=图6, caption=自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测(a, b)及HYCOM模拟(c, d)的海流断面

a, c. 4月;b, d. 9月,颜色柱负值表示西南向流,正值表示东北向流,红色三角点为FADCP站位

, figureFileSmall=G0eLJhiVigD9epqtIvp66A==, figureFileBig=F/ih8fMS98nkz1WyhF1oJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215314000087274408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Sea level anomaly and absolute geostrophic current fields

a. April; b. September, the red arrow shows the average flow of more than 50 m observed by FADCP, the blue line shows the isobath of 200 m

, figureFileSmall=3rjHjBBIApx+K2UjRSydiA==, figureFileBig=1xKSlBUflD14Hr82RvLoLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215314000154383276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=图7, caption=海面高度异常及绝对地转流场

a. 4月;b.9月,红色箭头为FADCP观测到的50 m以浅的平均流,蓝色线为200 m等深线

, figureFileSmall=3rjHjBBIApx+K2UjRSydiA==, figureFileBig=1xKSlBUflD14Hr82RvLoLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1215314000221492142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Details of free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler stations (P1–P9)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位经纬度时间/CTD状态水深/m
2021年4月2021年9月
P117.37°N, 109.79°E  6日15:24–15:34 186
P217.26°N, 109.94°E23日06:47–06:57 6日17:13–17:26CTD缺失256
P317.10°N, 110.04°E24日06:45–07:10 7日07:29–08:03 1025
P416.98°N, 110.17°E24日08:44–09:15CTD缺失7日09:31–10:06CTD缺失1248
P516.84°N, 110.33°E24日11:01–11:39CTD缺失8日08:21–09:01CTD缺失1355
P616.74°N, 110.27°E24日14:13–14:48 8日06:30–07:10 1382
P716.67°N, 110.53°E24日16:16–16:49 7日13:41–14:19CTD缺失1400
P816.58°N, 110.62°E24日17:53–18:27 7日15:31–16:15 1255
P916.49°N, 110.71°E  7日17:20–18:02 1332
), ArticleFig(id=1215314000334738354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面站位(P1–P9)详情

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
站位经纬度时间/CTD状态水深/m
2021年4月2021年9月
P117.37°N, 109.79°E  6日15:24–15:34 186
P217.26°N, 109.94°E23日06:47–06:57 6日17:13–17:26CTD缺失256
P317.10°N, 110.04°E24日06:45–07:10 7日07:29–08:03 1025
P416.98°N, 110.17°E24日08:44–09:15CTD缺失7日09:31–10:06CTD缺失1248
P516.84°N, 110.33°E24日11:01–11:39CTD缺失8日08:21–09:01CTD缺失1355
P616.74°N, 110.27°E24日14:13–14:48 8日06:30–07:10 1382
P716.67°N, 110.53°E24日16:16–16:49 7日13:41–14:19CTD缺失1400
P816.58°N, 110.62°E24日17:53–18:27 7日15:31–16:15 1255
P916.49°N, 110.71°E  7日17:20–18:02 1332
), ArticleFig(id=1215314000435401652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Details of M1 instruments and settings (location: 16.85°N, 110.32°E, depth: 1 400 m)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号仪器设计水
深/m
离底水
深/m
采样间
隔/min
仪器设置
175 kHz ADCP801 3203向下观测,
层厚为16 m,
层数为35层
2Seaguard单点海流计9005006
3Seaguard单点海流计1 2002006
4Seaguard单点海流计1 380206
), ArticleFig(id=1215314000536064954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1211297840597430400, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

潜标M1观测仪器及设置(位置为16.85°N,110.32°E,水深为1 400 m)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号仪器设计水
深/m
离底水
深/m
采样间
隔/min
仪器设置
175 kHz ADCP801 3203向下观测,
层厚为16 m,
层数为35层
2Seaguard单点海流计9005006
3Seaguard单点海流计1 2002006
4Seaguard单点海流计1 380206
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441459026210850, delFlag=0, nameCn=海洋学报, nameEn=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-4193, eissn=null, cn=11-2055/P, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=否, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262543687, updatedTime=1761729782936, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, picEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190344242636624294, language=CN, name=海洋学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, createdTime=1761729782971, updatedTime=1761729782971, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190344242712121767, language=EN, name=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.aosocean.com/, createdTime=1761729782989, updatedTime=1761729782989, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149651085930835976, websiteList=[Website(id=1188165202219512001, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761210259251, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210330879, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=海洋学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166688563413602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210613623, updateTime=1761210613623, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688538247775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210613617, updateTime=1761210613617, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688529859166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210613615, updateTime=1761210613615, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688555024993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761210613621, updateTime=1761210613621, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688546636384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761210613619, updateTime=1761210613619, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688575996515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210613626, updateTime=1761210613626, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688596968036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210613631, updateTime=1761210613631, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1188165202282426564, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761210259266, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210377920, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Haiyang Xuebao, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166798101856873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210639739, updateTime=1761210639739, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798076691046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210639733, updateTime=1761210639733, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798068302437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210639731, updateTime=1761210639731, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798093468264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761210639737, updateTime=1761210639737, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798085079655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761210639735, updateTime=1761210639735, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798106051178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210639740, updateTime=1761210639740, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798110245483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210639741, updateTime=1761210639741, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=海洋学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Haiyang Xuebao, journalPhotoCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPhotoEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2023047, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/10.12284/hyxb2023047, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2023047, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2023047, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理
收藏切换
PDF下载
牟勇 1 , 梁楚进 1, 2, 3, * , 蔺飞龙 1 , 崔子健 3
海洋学报 | 论文 2023,45(4): 144-153
收起
收藏切换
海洋学报 | 论文 2023, 45(4): 144-153
自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理
全屏
牟勇1 , 梁楚进1, 2, 3, * , 蔺飞龙1, 崔子健3
作者信息
  • 1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012
  • 2 南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
  • 3 浙江大学 海洋学院,浙江 杭州 310058
  • 牟勇(1996-),男,贵州省遵义市人,研究方向为深海动力过程。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*梁楚进(1966-),男,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail:
Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation and data processing
Yong Mou1 , Chujin Liang1, 2, 3, * , Feilong Lin1, Zijian Cui3
Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
  • 2School of Ocean Science, Nanjing University of Information and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • 3School of Ocean Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
出版时间: 2023-03-31 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
文章导航
收藏切换

自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面(FADCP)观测以“自由落体”方式进行采样,其不依赖于测船钢缆牵引即可对全深度海流进行观测,观测稳定性较下放式声学多普勒海流剖面(LADCP)大幅提升,有效减少了观测值之中的不规则运动。2021年4月与9月在南海西沙海域开展的FADCP观测实验获得了两个断面包含16个站的海流及CTD资料。基于静置期间的真实底流观测,各站全深度的海流剖面采用剪切法获得,潜标附近站位剖面与潜标观测剖面相比,平均流速偏差为3 cm/s。观测断面捕捉到了西沙海域两个时期的气旋涡,其垂直结构比HYCOM模拟更精细,表层流与绝对地转流契合。研究表明,FADCP对测船要求低、数据质量高,其后处理简便且结果良好,但无法对特定水层实施补充观测。

自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面  /  LADCP  /  剪切法

The free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile (FADCP) samples in a “free-fall” manner, which can observe the full depth current without relying on the cable traction of the ship, and its stability is greatly improved compared with lowered acoustic doppler current profiler (LADCP), effectively reducing the irregular motion in the observations. The FADCP observation experiments conducted in April and September 2021 at Xisha waters in the South China Sea obtained current and CTD data from two sections containing 16 stations. Based on the real bottom current observation during the resting period, the full-depth current profiles at each station were obtained by shear method, and the average deviation of the station profile near a mooring compared with the mooring profile was 3 cm/s. The observation section captured the cyclonic eddies of two periods at Xisha waters with more precise vertical structures than the HYCOM simulation, and the surface flows fitted with the absolute geostrophic currents. This research shows that the FADCP has low vessel requirements, high data quality, easy post-processing and good results, but cannot perform supplementary observations for specific water layers.

FADCP  /  LADCP  /  shear method
牟勇, 梁楚进, 蔺飞龙, 崔子健. 自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理. 海洋学报, 2023 , 45 (4) : 144 -153 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
Yong Mou, Chujin Liang, Feilong Lin, Zijian Cui. Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation and data processing[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2023 , 45 (4) : 144 -153 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
下放式声学多普勒海流剖面(Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, LADCP)观测[1-3]是20世纪末发展起来的一种海流剖面观测方式。LADCP被安装在船用温深仪(CTD)的仪器架上与CTD同步进行观测,不单独占用船时,具有成本低且能获得全深度海流剖面的特点,是海洋研究中一个非常重要的海流剖面观测方式,与同步CTD数据一起在深海流速结构和海洋混合研究方面有广泛应用[4-6]
然而,因为始终伴随钢缆的牵引作用,LADCP观测值包含显著的非周期运动成分,其不规则的仪器姿态导致可信的数据点过少。在数据后处理上,仪器不规则运动难以从观测值中分离,即使利用多种附加信息对结果进行修正,例如高精度GPS信息及底跟踪等信息,也不能完全去除仪器不规则运动导致的误差。在观测过程中,通常将仪器入水和出水时船的GPS作为仪器的位置,而实际上船的GPS接收点位置与仪器位置在水平上有一定空间距离,且GPS静态位置精度较低,但这些因素并未在后处理中予以考虑,最终导致更大的误差[7]。国内外学者对LADCP经后处理得到的流速剖面与船用声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)同步观测结果进行比较,证实LADCP观测中这些显著误差的存在[8-9]。杨成浩等[8]认为船只晃动与流速急剧变化会对LADCP观测造成显著误差。底跟踪采样不足也会对处理结果造成显著误差,由不同深度层的底跟踪速度得到的绝对流速剖面存在差异[10]
为克服LADCP观测和数据后处理中存在的缺陷,本文提出一种自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面(Free-Dropping Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, FADCP)观测方式和数据处理方法,以解决LADCP数据中非周期运动导致的数据质量欠佳、对附加信息过度依赖等缺点,大幅提高观测数据可靠性和后处理结果的准确性。
图1所示,FADCP观测是将若干浮球、声学多普勒海流剖面(ADCP)、CTD、声学释放器及重块依次相连,作业时待船在指定站位停稳后直接将仪器链投掷入水,设备在重块重力作用下匀速下落到海底,在确保仪器到达海底并静置数分钟后对释放器传达释放信号,设备在浮球浮力作用下上浮到海面,经回收并下载数据后即可观测下一站位。仪器在下落与回收阶段均经历短暂加速后因受到阻力作用而趋于匀速,ADCP和CTD在整个过程中进行高频采样,其垂向运动速度可以通过平衡浮球浮力与重块重力加以调整。经多次试验,确定了浮球与重块的最佳配比,整个链条包括7个浮力为250 N的浮球及一个质量为300 kg的重块。
FADCP主要仪器包括一个TRDI 300 kHz ADCP和一个可高频采样的温盐深仪SBE19pluse。考虑到FADCP与LADCP工作原理类似,ADCP参数设置为:剖面层数为20层,层厚为4 m,采样频率为1 Hz;CTD采样频率也设置为1 Hz。LADCP层厚通常设置为16 m[2]或8 m[8],大的层厚设置获取到的单个海流数据误差较小,但垂向分辨率较低,特别是对于海表及海底部分,但有的LADCP观测为了获得全深度更精细的观测数据,也将层厚设置为4 m[5],该层厚下观测误差是1.73 cm/s。同样,本文为获得各个深度更多的数据点,也将层厚设置为4 m。ADCP盲区设为缺省值(1.76 m),第一层距离仪器为6 m。ADCP采用向下观测,整个仪器链在着底状态时ADCP距离海底的距离约为35 m(约9 bins),考虑盲区影响,距离海底4 m以上数据为有效观测。
我们分别于2021年4月23–24日及9月6–8日在南海西沙海域开展了两个断面共16个站点(4月:P2–P8,9月:P1–P9)的FADCP观测实验。两个断面均横跨西沙海槽横截面(图2a),断面地形(图2b)由近岸横切陆坡向外延伸,两个时期的部分站位(P2–P8)在设计上是重合的,但实际作业时有所偏差。除近岸两个站点外(P1、P2),其余站点水深均超过1 000 m,最大深度位于P7站,达1 400 m。由于仪器故障,部分站点的CTD数据丢失,详尽的站点及数据情况见表1
实验断面上布设有一个潜标M1(图2),其仪器配置情况见表2,时间跨度为2021年4月25日至9月8日10时,潜标回收的时间是P5站观测结束时。它提供了960 m、1 210 m、1 390 m的单点海流计观测数据,以及94~638 m间每16 m一层共35层的75 kHz ADCP观测数据。本文还引用了印度洋安达曼海MD3站的LADCP数据,用于探讨LADCP与FADCP两种观测方式中仪器的稳定性表现,该站水深为750 m。
为评估FADCP数据质量,本文选取2020年4月P2站观测数据对FADCP几个特征参数进行探讨,并与印度洋MD3站的LADCP观测参数相比较。P2站位于南海西边界流区,其表层流要显著强于MD3站的印度洋海域。
ADCP的姿态由两个独立参数决定,分别是横摇(pitch)与纵摇(roll),它们与另一个参数首向(heading)被用于将波束坐标转化为地球坐标。ADCP在测量过程中,仪器自身姿态影响着波束的方向,为了避免波束朝向仪器的水平方向,提高测量质量,应使倾角小于仪器的波束角,倾角为$ \sqrt{{{\rm{pitch}}}^{2}+{{\rm{roll}}}^{2}} $图3g显示MD3站LADCP在采样过程中的倾角很大,平均倾角为22.5°,超过了RDI 300 kHz ADCP的波束角20°,其大部分数据将被视作坏点,数据可用率低。同时,倾角的变化剧烈,倾角标准偏差为2.5°。即使MD3站LADCP观测只是个例,但剧烈的船只晃动加之缆绳牵引作用使得LADCP倾角超乎预期成为可能且无法避免,其下放与回收速度波动显著(图3h),而其平均速度仅为0.55 m/s。相较之下,FADCP在整个采样过程中姿态良好(图3b),平均倾角为2°,比上述LADCP倾角小了一个量级,倾角标准偏差为1°。可以预见,恶劣的水文环境对FADCP的观测姿态没有影响。FADCP在下放和回收过程中非常稳定(图3c),入水后迅速达到近匀速状态,平均下落速度为1.6 m/s,其标准偏差仅为0.04 m/s;释放后也迅速达到近匀速状态,平均回收速度为1.3 m/s,其标准偏差为0.03 m/s。
垂向观测速度误差是ADCP流速剖面观测的一个重要质量判别参数。本文以20 cm/s作为界定,垂向观测速度误差大于20 cm/s的数据点为坏点被予以剔除。FADCP的垂向速度远大于LADCP的垂向速度, 但前者(图3i)数据良好率高于后者(图3d)。投放式ADCP流速观测值包含仪器自身的运动速度及海水运动速度两部分。本文运用逆方法(见3.2节)对测量值之中的仪器运动速度及海水运动速度进行分解,以仪器运动速度$ {V}_{{\rm{ADCP}}} $与海水运动速度$ {V}_{{\rm{oce}}} $之比R=VADCP/Voce来反映仪器在海水中的相对稳定性。对于FADCP(图3e),R在各个深度接近–1,标准偏差为0.42,底层流速偏小,R略有增大,表明仪器自身运动速度与海水流速是接近同量级的。对于LADCP(图3j),R在200 m以浅量值较大且无规则,其标准偏差达1.45,表明仪器自身运动较为显著。
FADCP观测可以得到新型瓦叠式流速资料序列(图1b)。假设深度区间为D,采样频率为F,下落或回收速度为W,层厚为L,层数为N,则区间D内包含下落与回收两个阶段的样本量$ {S}_{ n} $估算为
$ {S}_{ n}=2\times \frac{(N-1)\times L}{W}\times F\times \frac{D}{L}=\frac{2(N-1)FD}{W}. $
由式(1)可知某一深度区间内的样本量与层厚无关,而与下落及回收速度、层数、采样频率以及深度区间长度相关。ADCP有少数的深度单元(depth bin)会打到海表及海底一定深度范围内,只能够通过减小层厚来获得该区域更多的观测样本。本文对观测样本进行估计,由式(1),去除第一层及后两层误差较大的数据后,4 m区间范围内的样本量约为90个,通过剔除离群值可以有效减小系统误差。但是,实际观测得到的海表10 m以浅的数据点通常不足5个,0~80 m内单位区间的样本数随深度加深逐渐增大到接近理论值。FADCP在静置阶段距离海底35 m,期间可获取到大量真实的底流样本,每一层5 min可获得近300个样本。
首先剔除仪器入水前及出水后时间段的数据,得到了包含下落阶段、静置阶段及回收阶段数据;观测过程中ADCP倾角大于18°及两次观测倾角大于4°对应时间点的数据被认为不合理,予以剔除;根据数据的物理意义,剔除一个剖面观测中剪切流速大于0.2 m/s、速度超过2.5 m/s的数据。
确定样本点的深度的方法有两种。其一是依据CTD深度对ADCP深度进行匹配,首先根据二者特征统一时间轴,最后通过时间插值最终获得每个样本对应深度。第二种方法是通过ADCP的垂向速度积分获取深度,水深加深会增大计算深度的误差。实验海区水深均未超过1 500 m,上述两种方式得到的深度差异很小,在缺失CTD数据时采用垂向速度积分获得深度。
投放式ADCP资料后处理方法是获取真实流速剖面的关键,主要包括剪切法[1]与逆方法[11],以下对这两种方法作简要介绍。观测值$ {V}_{{\rm{obs}}} $包含了仪器自身运动速度$ {V}_{{\rm{ADCP}}} $与海水绝对流速$ {V}_{{\rm{oce}}} $两部分,即
$ {V}_{{\rm{obs}}}={V}_{{\rm{oce}}}{-V}_{{\rm{ADCP}}} . $
逆方法将这两部分表示成观测值的函数,利用矩阵运算进行求解。将式(2)写成线性矩阵方程组:
$ {\boldsymbol{d}}={\boldsymbol{G}}{\boldsymbol{m}}+n \text{,} $
式中,$ {\boldsymbol{d}} $表示所有观测值组成的向量,$ {\boldsymbol{m}}={[{{\boldsymbol{m}}}_{{\rm{oce}}},{{\boldsymbol{m}}}_{{\rm{ADCP}}}]}^{{\rm{T}}} $$ {{\boldsymbol{m}}}_{{\rm{oce}}} $$ {{\boldsymbol{m}}}_{{\rm{ADCP}}} $分别为所有海水绝对速度组成的向量和仪器自身运动速度组成的向量,$ n $是误差项。${\boldsymbol{G}}$是一个模型矩阵,反映着数据点的结构,是瓦叠式速度资料阵列的数学表达。
ADCP在下放或回收过程中对近似相同的水层进行多次观测,假设该水层在观测过程中的海水绝对流速$ {V}_{{\rm{oce}}} $不变,则式(3)中未知数的个数小于方程的个数,即式(3)是一个超定的线性方程组。由于观测误差$ n $的存在,对式(3)进行求解时运用到了最小二乘法。模型矩阵G的建立依赖于充足的数据点,数据点在一定深度范围内相对重合得越多,其模型矩阵越完备,求解到的绝对流速就越可信。在数据点减少的底层海区,模型矩阵的建立变得困难,求解得到的绝对流速的误差将增大,保证一定深度范围内拥有充足且有效的数据点是运用逆方法进行求解的关键。逆方法需要利用附加信息对其解进行约束,附加信息包括走航ADCP观测数据、高精度GPS数据及底跟踪数据等,附加信息越多,得到的绝对流速剖面就越准确。本次FADCP实验可用到的附加信息有限,因此没有采用逆方法对所有站点的流速资料进行处理。
如式(2),FADCP观测值是海水相对于仪器的速度,同一脉冲(ping)下仪器运动速度在各个测量水层中是相同的,各水层之间的观测速度之差为对应水层间的流速剪切,利用此特性可以得到各个深度的流速切变率$ {V}_{{\rm{s}}}\left(z\right) $。如式(4),将$ {V}_{{\rm{s}}}\left(z\right) $从参考深度$ {z}_{0} $垂向积分到某一深度$ z $,即为该深度相对于参考层$ {z}_{0} $的相对流速$ {V}_{{\rm{ref}}}\left(z\right) $。如式(5),依赖参考层的速度$ {V}_{{z}_{0}} $最终得到绝对流速$ {V}_{{\rm{oce}}}\left(z\right) $。以上过程被称为剪切法或递推法。
$ {V}_{{\rm{ref}}}\left(z\right)={\int }_{{z}_{0}}^{z}{V}_{{\rm{s}}}\left(z\right){\rm{d}}z \text{,} $
$ {V}_{{\rm{oce}}}\left(z\right)={V}_{{\rm{ref}}}\left(z\right)+{V}_{{z}_{0}} . $
求取参考流速$ {V}_{{z}_{0}} $时,为了剔除由于海底反射效应引起的粗大误差,本文采用拉伊达准则(3σ准则)对静置期间流速值进行离群值剔除。3σ准则一般用于对正态或近似正态分布样本数据的处理,假设某参考层流速样本为$ u\left(k\right) $,剔除异常值的步骤如下:(1)对所有样本进行中心化处理得到流速残差值$ u'\left(k\right)=u\left(k\right)-\bar{u} $;(2)计算标准差σ;(3)判断异常值,流速残差绝对值大于3σ对应的流速值被视为异常值予以剔除;(4)重复步骤(1)至步骤(3)直至没有异常值。剔除离群值后其余流速样本的平均代表该深度$ {z}_{0} $对应的参考流速$ {V}_{{z}_{0}} $
FADCP在静置阶段为锚碇状态,其流速观测值是海流的真实运动,不需要底跟踪校正,后续的数据处理也不依赖于底跟踪或船载GPS定位等附加信息。如图4a为P8站(9月)ADCP在静置阶段获取到的数据情况,去除接近海底1层(4 m)以下的数据,共有7层各517个流速样本。各层数据量很大,流速最大值与最小值之间有显著差距,接近15 cm/s,各层均有一定量的离群值存在,表明单一或少量样本得到的参考流速不可信。如图4b图4c分别给出了该站位第一参考层及第二参考层的纬向流速样本情况,其锋度分别为3.1与2.9,呈近似正态分布(锋度=3)。经3σ准则处理后,第一参考层(距底30 m)的流速样本数由517个减至501个,平均流速为–10.4 cm/s,对应标准差为2.5 cm/s;第二参考层的流速样本由517个减至499个,平均流速为–8.6 cm/s,对应标准差为2.3 cm/s。
通常ADCP对海流进行采样时会经多次至几十次采样,最后将短时间的数据样本融合为一个数据以保证数据的测量精度。高频FADCP单次采样误差大,重复观测可以减小观测误差,静置阶段数百次真实海流观测有效提升了参考流速的准确性,相比LADCP通过底跟踪原理获取参考速度更为合适。
本文参考剪切法对各站点海流剖面进行求解,各流速剖面结构良好,在各个深度上符合物理海洋流结构特征。本节引用2021年9月P5站的结果作为展示,该站附近有潜标M1(图2b)。由于缺失CTD数据,P5站深度采用垂向速度积分获得,其在下落与回收两个阶段的数据均被用于求取绝对流速剖面。FADCP与潜标观测的海流平均偏差可表示为
$ \overline{{\epsilon }_{V}}=\frac{1}{n}\sum _{i}^{n}\left|{U}_{{\rm{FADCP}}}-{U}_{{\rm{M}}}\right| \text{,} $
式中,$ n $为FADCP观测层数;$ {U}_{{\rm{FADCP}}} $为FADCP观测结果;$ {U}_{{\rm{M}}} $为潜标观测结果。
FADCP观测期间,潜标ADCP经历了15次采样,单点海流计经历了7次采样。FADCP后处理结果在纬向(图5a)及经向(图5c)上均与潜标平均流速剖面吻合得很好,FADCP相较潜标在各水层的观测流速偏差接近潜标自身观测标准差(图5b图5d)。流速观测偏差在180 m以浅增大。首先,由于P5站与潜标M1相距1 n mile,两者风应力的不同可能导致其表层流有差异;其次,该站的深度采用垂向速度积分获得,深度积分误差在流速急变时会放大观测偏差,该现象在380 m附近深度较为显著。FADCP观测到的底部流速剖面符合底边界层流动特性,该结果得益于静置阶段获取到的底部真实参考流速。
本次FADCP实验站位位于南海西边界流主流轴区,具有重要的科学意义,此节探讨整个断面的观测情况。海流剖面采用俄勒冈州立大学TPXO9.1(TPXO/POSEIDON global tidal mode)潮波模式[12-13]进行了全深度的正压潮滤除。基于南海环流为准地转流,本文重点关注沿着等深线的流动,将流速东分量与北分量分解并叠加到沿等深线方向(东北−西南)以作探讨。整个观测断面幅度约为100 km(约1°),9月断面幅度在6月的基础上略有扩充。
FADCP在两个期间的流断面均呈气旋式结构(图6a图6b)。4月以西南向流为主,其流核靠近岸,流速从表层到底层递减,流向在整个深度上几乎是一体的;9月变为以东北向流为主,其流核远离岸,除P6站外的其他站流向在全深度范围经历1~2次转变,期间局地涡旋可能对该区域流速流向具有重要作用。空间分辨率为(1/12)°×(1/12)°、垂向30层的混合坐标海洋模式(Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model,HYCOM)再分析流速数据覆盖断面站点,本文选取其对应时间段的数据以作参考,并对观测断面进行了延拓。HYCOM成功模拟到了两个期间气旋式的流结构,表层流和观测接近。但是,模式和观测海流断面的垂向细结构迥异,前者在4月表现为两层结构,而后者流向在垂向上是一体的。模式模拟的海流断面在水平与垂直方向上过于平滑,因为模式计算忽略了一些次要的动力因素,细腻的海水运动只有实测资料才能刻画。
仅受水流推动作用的FADCP姿态良好,下落与回收速度稳定,海流成分因大于或相当于仪器自身运动而容易被解析,其数据良好率的提高使得其后处理结果良好。始终受缚于钢缆的LADCP扰动强烈,难以维持恒定的下放或回收速度,仪器自身不规则的运动较为突出。FADCP在整个观测过程中的水平漂移很小,其观测过程更加符合定点全剖面海流观测的定义。而LADCP在整个过程中的水平漂移距离可达数百米至上千米,其观测过程不属于严格意义上的定点观测。本次FADCP实验海区属于南海西边界流区,特别是P2站在观测期间的表层流(图3a)很强,其水文条件较MD3站更恶劣,但FADCP拥有比LADCP更稳定的垂向速度,水平方向上受到的干扰也更小。FADCP的稳定表现是可以预期的,而LADCP采样受到水文条件、海况及人为因素的影响,其采样稳定性无法预期。当然,针对两类观测方法同时同站的观测实验需要在未来进行补充。
单一的潜标观测肯定了FADCP观测是准确的,我们将各站50 m以浅的平均流速与绝对地转流进行比对(图7),以此来进一步判断整个FADCP断面观测的合理性。观测区域在两个时期均被一气旋涡控制,近岸为西南向流,远岸为东北向流,FADCP观测到的表层流结构与绝对地转流契合,表明采用剪切法由底部向上积分得到的流速剖面是合理的。同时,我们注意到个别站点表层流与绝对地转流有差异,突出的有9月P6站(图7b)。一方面,FADCP观测中的潮流部分可能导致其与绝对地转流存在差异,通过适当的站位设置并选取特定的时间进行投放,最后对各站各深度流速进行滤波可以对潮流进行粗略地滤除。另一方面,FADCP表层观测样本不足会增大表层的观测误差,FADCP在回收阶段到达海面后应间隔一段时间后再进行打捞,以获取更多海表观测数据。不同于LADCP可以对某一深度海流重复观测,FADCP仅上下往返一次,无法对特定深度海流补充观测。FADCP对作业船要求低,作业时间灵活,采样过程稳定,将成为未来全深度海流调查的重要手段。
本文提出了自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测方式及其数据处理方法,并于南海西沙海域开展了两个时期共16个站点的观测实验,得出以下几点主要结论:
(1)FADCP以“自由落体”式进行采样,有效剔除了由船只缆绳牵引带来的干扰,垂向采样稳定性大幅提升,数据质量显著提高;
(2)FADCP后处理不依赖底跟踪及GPS信息,静置期间的真实海流观测提供了准确的参考流速。其后处理海流剖面契合潜标观测,流速平均观测流速偏差为3 cm/s,接近于潜标自身观测标准差。
(3)FADCP捕捉到了观测海域两个观测时期的气旋涡,断面垂向结构比HYCOM模拟得更精细,断面表层流与绝对地转流吻合。
(4)不同于LADCP可以上下收放缆绳对某一水层重复观测,FADCP无法单次对特定水层实施补充观测。
  • 自然资源部第二海洋研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(JG2006)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
Firing E, Gordon R L. Deep ocean acoustic Doppler current profiling[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE Fourth Working Conference on Current Measurement. Clinton: IEEE, 1990: 192−201.
2
Fischer J, Visbeck M. Deep velocity profiling with self-contained ADCPs[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 1993, 10(5): 764−773.
3
Firing E. Lowered ADCP development and use in WOCE[C]//International WOCE Newsletter. [S.l.: s.n.]. 1998: 10−15.
4
Morozov A N, Lemeshko E M, Shutov S A, et al. Structure of the Black Sea currents based on the results of the LADCP observations in 2004−2014[J]. Physical Oceanography, 2017(1): 25−40.
5
Komaki K, Kawabe M. Deep-circulation current through the Main Gap of the Emperor Seamounts Chain in the North Pacific[J]. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2009, 56(3): 305−313.
6
Seo S, Park Y G, Park J H, et al. Observation and simulation of internal tides on the continental slope of the southwestern East Sea[C]//EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts. Vienna: EGU, 2013.
7
Saito T. Simple LADCP data processing method with DGPS[R]. Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 2008.
8
杨成浩, 廖光洪, 袁耀初, 等. ADCP观测得到的2008年4月吕宋海峡流速剖面结构[J]. 海洋学报, 2013, 35(3): 1−10.
Yang Chenghao, Liao Guanghong, Yuan Yaochu, et al. Structures of velocity profile in the Luzon Strait measured by LADCP in April 2008[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2013, 35(3): 1−10.
9
Thurnherr A M, Symonds D, St. Laurent L. Processing explorer ADCP data collected on Slocum gliders using the LADCP shear method[C]//2015 IEEE/OES Eleveth Current, Waves and Turbulence Measurement. St. Petersburg: IEEE, 2015: 1−7.
10
谢玲玲, 郭心顺, 张艳伟, 等. LADCP底跟踪参考速度问题分析[J]. 海洋技术, 2013, 32(2): 1−5,34.
Xie Lingling, Guo Xinshun, Zhang Yanwei, et al. Reference velocity from bottom track in LADCP data processing[J]. Journal of Ocean Technology, 2013, 32(2): 1−5,34.
11
Visbeck M. Deep velocity profiling using lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers: bottom track and inverse solutions[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2002, 19(5): 794−807.
12
Egbert G D. Tidal data inversion: interpolation and inference[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 1997, 40(1/4): 53−80.
13
Egbert G D, Erofeeva S Y. Efficient inverse modeling of Barotropic ocean tides[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2002, 19(2): 183−204.
2023年第45卷第4期
PDF下载
164
68
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
  • 接收时间:2022-09-14
  • 首发时间:2025-12-26
  • 出版时间:2023-03-31
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-14
  • 修回日期:2022-10-25
基金
自然资源部第二海洋研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(JG2006)
作者信息
    1 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310012
    2 南京信息工程大学 海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
    3 浙江大学 海洋学院,浙江 杭州 310058

通讯作者:

*梁楚进(1966-),男,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2023047
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏