Article(id=1200456386661446537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1200456384560100230, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2024086, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1696953600000, receivedDateStr=2023-10-11, revisedDate=1713283200000, revisedDateStr=2024-04-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764140705980, onlineDateStr=2025-11-26, pubDate=1722355200000, pubDateStr=2024-07-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764140705980, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764140705980, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764140705980, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200456384560100230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2024', volume='46', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='87', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764140705480, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764140847115, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200456978695844173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1200456384560100230, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200456978695844174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1200456384560100230, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=73, endPage=87, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200456386862773132, articleId=1200456386661446537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Identification of potential fish predators of the crown-of-thorns starfish from Xisha sea area, columnId=1194652705852465724, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) outbreak has caused severe damage to coral reefs in China and the Indo-Pacific region. Fish predators have been considered as an important factor in controlling the population outbreak, but there is a lack of research on the fish that can prey on crown-of-thorns starfish in China. By collecting coral reef fish from five outbreak areas of crown-of-thorns starfish in the Xisha Islands, CoTS DNA was detectedin the intestinal contents of the reef fish using PCR technology, and which compared with reported CoTS larval predators. The results showed that a total of 62 fish belonging to 23 families, 36 genera and 50 species were captured in this survey. CoTS DNA was detected in the gut contents of four fish species, namely Naso lituratus, Dascyllus reticulatus, Chelilinus trilobatus and Lethrinus erythropterus. Among them, N. lituratus, C. trilobatus and L. erythropterusare reported for the first time as potential predators of CoTS. This study has identified the potential predators of CoTS for the first time in China, providing important references for the development of early prevention and control techniques for crown-of-thorns starfish.

, correspAuthors=Chang Chen, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Haiyang Xuebao, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ying Zhang, Litong Yang, Nan Su, Huizhen Chen, Qian Gao, Jianxing Hu, Fanyu Zheng, Fuxiang Lai, Yunyu Yuan, Liang Fu, Chang Chen), CN=ArticleExt(id=1200456387881989019, articleId=1200456386661446537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=西沙海域长棘海星潜在鱼类捕食者鉴定, columnId=1149698756456657529, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

长棘海星的暴发对我国乃至印度−太平洋海域的珊瑚礁造成了严重的破坏。鱼类捕食者被认为是控制长棘海星种群暴发的重要因素,但我国对于可捕食长棘海星的鱼类的研究尚属空白。通过采集西沙5个长棘海星暴发礁区的珊瑚礁鱼类,利用PCR技术检测了鱼肠道内容物中的长棘海星DNA,并与已报道的长棘海星鱼类捕食者进行了比较分析。结果显示,本次调查共捕获了62尾鱼,共23科36属50种。在4种鱼的肠道内容物中检测到长棘海星DNA,分别是颊吻鼻鱼(Naso lituratus)、网纹宅泥鱼(Dascyllus reticulatus)、三叶唇鱼(Cheilinus trilobatus)和赤鳍裸颊鲷(Lethrinus erythropterus)。其中颊吻鼻鱼、三叶唇鱼和赤鳍裸颊鲷为首次报道的长棘海星潜在捕食者。本研究首次鉴定了我国长棘海星潜在鱼类捕食者种类,为开发长棘海星早期防控技术提供了重要参考。

, correspAuthors=陈偿, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*陈偿(1973—),男,广东省广州市人,研究员,从事海洋生物技术研究。E-mail:
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张颖(1992—),女,湖南省郴州人,从事海洋生物分子生态学研究。E-mail:

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张颖(1992—),女,湖南省郴州人,从事海洋生物分子生态学研究。E-mail:

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Australia, Canberra: in Crown-of-Thorns Starfish Seminar Proceedings, Australian Government Publishing Service, 1975: 109−121., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1200784463450985232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, awardId=SSHY-2201, language=CN, fundingSource=海南省三沙市海洋和渔业局项目(SSHY-2201), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200784455544722027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200784455590859372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, companyId=1200784455544722027, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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Detection results of crown-of-thorns starfish in the gut contents of fish from coral reefs in the Xisha Islands, South China Sea

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
采样点体重/kg体长/cm是否检测出长棘海星DNA
刺尾鲷目 Acanthuriformes刺尾鱼科 Acanthuridae刺尾鱼属 Acanthurus纵带刺尾鱼 Acanthurus lineatusS20.28529.5
横带刺尾鱼 Acanthurus triostegusS20.06517.5
栉齿刺尾鱼属 Ctenochaetus栉齿刺尾鱼1 Ctenochaetus striatusS10.11520
栉齿刺尾鱼2 Ctenochaetus striatusS20.13523.5
鼻鱼属 Naso颊吻鼻鱼 Naso lituratusS20.1321.5
单板鼻鱼 Naso thynnoidesS40.2228
镰鱼科 Zanclidae镰鱼属 Zanclus角镰鱼 Zanclus cornutusS20.05513
鳗鲡目 Anguilliformes海鳝科 Muraenidae裸胸鳝属 Gymnothorax爪哇裸胸鳝 Gymnothorax javanicusS5_4.20
鳚形目 Blenniiformes鳚科 Blenniidae乌鳚属 Atrosalarias乌鳚 Atrosalarias fuscusS10.01510.5
日鲈目 Centrarchiformes䱵科 Cirrhitidae副䱵属 Paracirrhites副䱵1 Paracirrhites arcatusS10.0113
副䱵2 Paracirrhites arcatusS30.0213
蝴蝶鱼目 Chaetodontiformes蝴蝶鱼科 Chaetodontidae蝴蝶鱼属 Chaetodon耳带蝴蝶鱼 Chaetodon auripesS10.1119.5
丽蝴蝶鱼 Chaetodon wiebeliS5_4.15
金鳞鱼目 Holocentriformes金鳞鱼科 Holocentridae锯鳞鱼属 Myripristis紫红锯鳞鱼 Myripristis violaceusS20.1519
棘鳞鱼属 Sargocentron黑鳍棘鳞鱼 Sargocentron diademaS20.0216
尖吻棘鳞鱼 Sargocentron spiniferumS5_4.15
隆头鱼目 Labriformes隆头鱼科 Labridae唇鱼属 Cheilinus尖头唇鱼 Cheilinus oxycephalusS10.1121
三叶唇鱼 Cheilinus trilobatusS20.2325
厚唇鱼属 Hemigymnus黑鳍厚唇鱼 Hemigymnus melapterusS5_4.15
鹦哥鱼科 Scaridae绿鹦嘴鱼属 Chlorurus白斑鹦哥鱼 Chlorurus sordidusS5_4.15
鹦嘴鱼属 Scarus黑斑鹦嘴鱼1 Scarus globicepsS20.12522
黑斑鹦嘴鱼2 Scarus globicepsS5_4.20
绿唇鹦嘴鱼1 Scarus forsteniS5_4.20
绿唇鹦嘴鱼2 Scarus forsteniS5_4.20
绿唇鹦嘴鱼3 Scarus forsteniS5_4.20
笛鲷目 Lutjaniformes石鲈科 Haemulidae胡椒鲷属 Plectorhinchus东方石鲈 Plectorhinchus vittatusS5_4.15
笛鲷科 Lutjanidae叉尾鲷属 Aphareus叉尾鲷 Aphareus furcaS5_4.15
笛鲷属 Lutjanus白斑笛鲷 Lutjanus boharS20.12524
紫红笛鲷 Lutjanus argentimaculatusS5_4.20
鲈形目 Perciformes乌尾鮗科(梅鲷科) Caesionidae鳞鳍梅鲷属 Pterocaesio黑带鳞鳍梅鲷1 Pterocaesio tileS30.1324
黑带鳞鳍梅鲷2 Pterocaesio tileS40.0621
梅鲷属 Caesio黄尾梅鲷 Caesio cuningS30.0720
鮨科 Serranidae九棘鲈属 Cephalopholis尾纹九棘鲈1 Cephalopholis urodetaS10.04518.5
尾纹九棘鲈2 Cephalopholis urodetaS5_4.15
斑点九棘鲈1 Cephalopholis argusS10.11522
斑点九棘鲈2 Cephalopholis argusS20.20523.5
斑点九棘鲈3 Cephalopholis argusS40.22526
石斑鱼属 Epinephelus蜂巢石斑鱼 Epinephelus merraS20.03516.5
蓝子鱼科 Siganidae蓝子鱼属 Siganus银色篮子鱼 Siganus argenteusS20.0418
斑篮子鱼 Siganus punctatusS5_4.15
舵鱼科 Kyphosidae舵鱼属 Kyphosus长鳍 Kyphosus cinerascensS20.07520
盖刺鱼科 Pomacanthidae刺尻鱼属 Centropyge海氏刺尻鱼 Centropyge heraldiS10.0213.6
珠点刺尻鱼 Centropyge vrolikiiS10.01512.4
雀鲷科 Pomacentridae豆娘鱼属 Abudefduf五带豆娘鱼 Abudefduf vaigiensisS20.11521.4
宅泥鱼属 Dascyllus网纹宅泥鱼 Dascyllus reticulatusS10.0110.5
鲷形目 Spariformes龙占鱼科(裸颊鲷科) Lethrinidae齿颌鲷属 Gnathodentex金带齿颌鲷1 Gnathodentex aureolineatusS20.10523.5
金带齿颌鲷2 Gnathodentex aureolineatusS40.13523
裸颊鲷属 Lethrinus赤鳍裸颊鲷 Lethrinus erythropterusS20.21527
尖吻裸頰鯛 Lethrinus olivaceusS5_4.20
单列齿鲷属 Monotaxis单列齿鲷 Monotaxis grandoculisS5_4.20
海龙鱼目 Syngnathiformes须鲷科(羊鱼科) Mullidae拟羊鱼属 Mulloidichthys无斑拟羊鱼1 Mulloidichthys vanicolensisS20.0921
无斑拟羊鱼2 Mulloidichthys vanicolensisS40.14526
黄线拟羊鱼 Mulloidichthys flavolineatusS20.0418.5
副绯鲤属 Parupeneus条斑副绯鲤1 Parupeneus barberinusS20.16526.5
条斑副绯鲤2 Parupeneus barberinusS5_4.15
多带副绯鲤 Parupeneus multifasciatusS40.10523
黑斑副绯鲤 Parupeneus pleurostigmaS40.0711
鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes单棘鲀科 Monacanthidae刺鼻单棘鲀属 Cantherhines细斑前孔魨 Cantherhines pardalisS10.0516.5
前角单棘鲀属 Pervagor黑头前角魨 Pervagor melanocephalusS10.01511
鳞鲀科 Balistidae角鳞鲀属 Melichthys黑边角鳞鲀 Melichthys viduaS10.2424
二齿鲀科(刺鲀科) Diodontidae刺鲀属 Diodon密斑刺鲀 Diodon hystrixS5_4.15
鰧形目 Uranoscopiformes虎鱚科(肥足鰧科) Pinguipedidae拟鲈属 Parapercis尾斑拟鲈 Parapercis hexophthalmaS20.0421.5
), ArticleFig(id=1200784462847005445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

中国南海西沙珊瑚礁鱼肠道内容物的长棘海星检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
采样点体重/kg体长/cm是否检测出长棘海星DNA
刺尾鲷目 Acanthuriformes刺尾鱼科 Acanthuridae刺尾鱼属 Acanthurus纵带刺尾鱼 Acanthurus lineatusS20.28529.5
横带刺尾鱼 Acanthurus triostegusS20.06517.5
栉齿刺尾鱼属 Ctenochaetus栉齿刺尾鱼1 Ctenochaetus striatusS10.11520
栉齿刺尾鱼2 Ctenochaetus striatusS20.13523.5
鼻鱼属 Naso颊吻鼻鱼 Naso lituratusS20.1321.5
单板鼻鱼 Naso thynnoidesS40.2228
镰鱼科 Zanclidae镰鱼属 Zanclus角镰鱼 Zanclus cornutusS20.05513
鳗鲡目 Anguilliformes海鳝科 Muraenidae裸胸鳝属 Gymnothorax爪哇裸胸鳝 Gymnothorax javanicusS5_4.20
鳚形目 Blenniiformes鳚科 Blenniidae乌鳚属 Atrosalarias乌鳚 Atrosalarias fuscusS10.01510.5
日鲈目 Centrarchiformes䱵科 Cirrhitidae副䱵属 Paracirrhites副䱵1 Paracirrhites arcatusS10.0113
副䱵2 Paracirrhites arcatusS30.0213
蝴蝶鱼目 Chaetodontiformes蝴蝶鱼科 Chaetodontidae蝴蝶鱼属 Chaetodon耳带蝴蝶鱼 Chaetodon auripesS10.1119.5
丽蝴蝶鱼 Chaetodon wiebeliS5_4.15
金鳞鱼目 Holocentriformes金鳞鱼科 Holocentridae锯鳞鱼属 Myripristis紫红锯鳞鱼 Myripristis violaceusS20.1519
棘鳞鱼属 Sargocentron黑鳍棘鳞鱼 Sargocentron diademaS20.0216
尖吻棘鳞鱼 Sargocentron spiniferumS5_4.15
隆头鱼目 Labriformes隆头鱼科 Labridae唇鱼属 Cheilinus尖头唇鱼 Cheilinus oxycephalusS10.1121
三叶唇鱼 Cheilinus trilobatusS20.2325
厚唇鱼属 Hemigymnus黑鳍厚唇鱼 Hemigymnus melapterusS5_4.15
鹦哥鱼科 Scaridae绿鹦嘴鱼属 Chlorurus白斑鹦哥鱼 Chlorurus sordidusS5_4.15
鹦嘴鱼属 Scarus黑斑鹦嘴鱼1 Scarus globicepsS20.12522
黑斑鹦嘴鱼2 Scarus globicepsS5_4.20
绿唇鹦嘴鱼1 Scarus forsteniS5_4.20
绿唇鹦嘴鱼2 Scarus forsteniS5_4.20
绿唇鹦嘴鱼3 Scarus forsteniS5_4.20
笛鲷目 Lutjaniformes石鲈科 Haemulidae胡椒鲷属 Plectorhinchus东方石鲈 Plectorhinchus vittatusS5_4.15
笛鲷科 Lutjanidae叉尾鲷属 Aphareus叉尾鲷 Aphareus furcaS5_4.15
笛鲷属 Lutjanus白斑笛鲷 Lutjanus boharS20.12524
紫红笛鲷 Lutjanus argentimaculatusS5_4.20
鲈形目 Perciformes乌尾鮗科(梅鲷科) Caesionidae鳞鳍梅鲷属 Pterocaesio黑带鳞鳍梅鲷1 Pterocaesio tileS30.1324
黑带鳞鳍梅鲷2 Pterocaesio tileS40.0621
梅鲷属 Caesio黄尾梅鲷 Caesio cuningS30.0720
鮨科 Serranidae九棘鲈属 Cephalopholis尾纹九棘鲈1 Cephalopholis urodetaS10.04518.5
尾纹九棘鲈2 Cephalopholis urodetaS5_4.15
斑点九棘鲈1 Cephalopholis argusS10.11522
斑点九棘鲈2 Cephalopholis argusS20.20523.5
斑点九棘鲈3 Cephalopholis argusS40.22526
石斑鱼属 Epinephelus蜂巢石斑鱼 Epinephelus merraS20.03516.5
蓝子鱼科 Siganidae蓝子鱼属 Siganus银色篮子鱼 Siganus argenteusS20.0418
斑篮子鱼 Siganus punctatusS5_4.15
舵鱼科 Kyphosidae舵鱼属 Kyphosus长鳍 Kyphosus cinerascensS20.07520
盖刺鱼科 Pomacanthidae刺尻鱼属 Centropyge海氏刺尻鱼 Centropyge heraldiS10.0213.6
珠点刺尻鱼 Centropyge vrolikiiS10.01512.4
雀鲷科 Pomacentridae豆娘鱼属 Abudefduf五带豆娘鱼 Abudefduf vaigiensisS20.11521.4
宅泥鱼属 Dascyllus网纹宅泥鱼 Dascyllus reticulatusS10.0110.5
鲷形目 Spariformes龙占鱼科(裸颊鲷科) Lethrinidae齿颌鲷属 Gnathodentex金带齿颌鲷1 Gnathodentex aureolineatusS20.10523.5
金带齿颌鲷2 Gnathodentex aureolineatusS40.13523
裸颊鲷属 Lethrinus赤鳍裸颊鲷 Lethrinus erythropterusS20.21527
尖吻裸頰鯛 Lethrinus olivaceusS5_4.20
单列齿鲷属 Monotaxis单列齿鲷 Monotaxis grandoculisS5_4.20
海龙鱼目 Syngnathiformes须鲷科(羊鱼科) Mullidae拟羊鱼属 Mulloidichthys无斑拟羊鱼1 Mulloidichthys vanicolensisS20.0921
无斑拟羊鱼2 Mulloidichthys vanicolensisS40.14526
黄线拟羊鱼 Mulloidichthys flavolineatusS20.0418.5
副绯鲤属 Parupeneus条斑副绯鲤1 Parupeneus barberinusS20.16526.5
条斑副绯鲤2 Parupeneus barberinusS5_4.15
多带副绯鲤 Parupeneus multifasciatusS40.10523
黑斑副绯鲤 Parupeneus pleurostigmaS40.0711
鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes单棘鲀科 Monacanthidae刺鼻单棘鲀属 Cantherhines细斑前孔魨 Cantherhines pardalisS10.0516.5
前角单棘鲀属 Pervagor黑头前角魨 Pervagor melanocephalusS10.01511
鳞鲀科 Balistidae角鳞鲀属 Melichthys黑边角鳞鲀 Melichthys viduaS10.2424
二齿鲀科(刺鲀科) Diodontidae刺鲀属 Diodon密斑刺鲀 Diodon hystrixS5_4.15
鰧形目 Uranoscopiformes虎鱚科(肥足鰧科) Pinguipedidae拟鲈属 Parapercis尾斑拟鲈 Parapercis hexophthalmaS20.0421.5
), ArticleFig(id=1200784462939280134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

DNA concentration in the gut contents of four reef fish species and BLAST comparison results of their CoTS amplified sequences

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
鱼的信息鱼的肠道内容物CoTS检测
样品名称物种鉴定结果肠道内容物的
DNA浓度/(ng·µL−1)
最高相似度BLAST相似度
最高的序列号
相似物种
C11网纹宅泥鱼
Dascyllus reticulatus
143.299.66%LC596401.1Acanthaster planci Australia_GBR mitochondrial DNA
C14三叶唇鱼
Cheilimus trilobatus
43.899.66%LC596401.1Acanthaster planci Australia_GBR mitochondrial DNA
C15颊吻鼻鱼
Naso lituratus
312.199.66%LC596401.1Acanthaster planci Australia_GBR mitochondrial DNA
C18赤鳍裸颊鲷
Lethrinus erythropterus
428100%LC566227.1Acanthaster planci Miyazaki03 mitochondrial DNA
), ArticleFig(id=1200784463018971912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

四种珊瑚礁鱼肠道内容物的DNA浓度及其CoTS扩增序列的BLAST比对结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
鱼的信息鱼的肠道内容物CoTS检测
样品名称物种鉴定结果肠道内容物的
DNA浓度/(ng·µL−1)
最高相似度BLAST相似度
最高的序列号
相似物种
C11网纹宅泥鱼
Dascyllus reticulatus
143.299.66%LC596401.1Acanthaster planci Australia_GBR mitochondrial DNA
C14三叶唇鱼
Cheilimus trilobatus
43.899.66%LC596401.1Acanthaster planci Australia_GBR mitochondrial DNA
C15颊吻鼻鱼
Naso lituratus
312.199.66%LC596401.1Acanthaster planci Australia_GBR mitochondrial DNA
C18赤鳍裸颊鲷
Lethrinus erythropterus
428100%LC566227.1Acanthaster planci Miyazaki03 mitochondrial DNA
), ArticleFig(id=1200784463111246602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, language=EN, label=Table A1, caption=

Reef fishes reported in the literature to prey on CoTS

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
精子卵子幼虫幼体受伤幼体濒死或死亡幼体健康成体受伤成体濒死或死亡成体参考文献
钩头鱼目 Kurtiformes天竺鲷科 Apogonidae天竺鲷属Apogon萨摩亚天竺鲷Nectamia savayensisFDNAFDNA[49]
鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes鳞鲀科 Balistidae钩鳞鲀Balistapus钩鳞鲀Balistapus undulatusFDNAFF[24,50]
褐拟鳞鲀Balistoides viridescensF/LLLF/LLL[5055]
副鳞鲀属Pseudobalistes黄边副鳞鲀Pseudobalistes flavimarginatusF/LF/FG/L[5153,56]
锉鳞鲀属Rhinecanthus叉斑锉鳞鲀Rhinecanthus aculeatusLL[54]
多棘鳞鲀属Sufflamen真多棘鳞鲀Sufflamen verresFFFF[57]
四齿鲀科 Tetraodontidae叉鼻鲀属Arothron纹腹叉鼻鲀Arothron hispidusF/LFF/LF/LF/LF/L[5055, 5759]
菲律宾叉鼻鲀Arothron manilensisFF/LFF/L[50, 57]
白点叉鼻鲀Arothron meleagrisFFFF[57]
黑斑叉鼻鲀Arothron nigropunctatusFF[60]
星斑叉鼻鲀Arothron stellatusFF[61]
二齿鲀科 Diodontidae刺鲀属Diodon密斑刺鲀Diodon hystrixFG[51]
蝴蝶鱼目 Chaetodontiformes蝴蝶鱼科 Chaetodontidae蝴蝶鱼属Chaetodon金带蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon aureofasciatusFF[50, 58]
扬旛蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon aurigaLF/LLF/L[50, 53, 58, 60]
耳带蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon auripesFF[61]
曲纹蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon baronessaFF[58]
本氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon citrinellusFFFF[5758]
克氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon kleiniiFF[58]
纹身蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon lineolatusFF[58]
蓝斑蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon plebeiusFF[50]
雷氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon rafflesiFF[50]
林氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon rainfordiFF[50, 58]
乌利蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon ulietensisFF[58]
飘浮蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon vagabundusF/LF/L[50, 54, 58]
虾虎鱼目 Gobiiformes虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae丝虾虎鱼属Cryptocentrus丝虾虎鱼属Cryptocentrus sp.FF[60]
笛鲷目 Lutjaniformes石鲈科 Haemulidae少棘胡椒鲷属Diagramma大唇少棘胡椒鲷Diagramma pictum labiosumFDNA[24]
笛鲷科 Lutjanidae笛鲷属Lutjanus白斑笛鲷Lutjanus boharFF[58]
驼背笛鲷Lutjanus gibbusFF[58]
金鳞鱼目 Holocentriformes金鳞鱼科 Holocentridae锯鳞鱼属Myripristis伯特氏锯鳞鱼Myripristis berndtiFDNAFDNA[49]
棘鳞鱼属Sargocentron长棘鳞鱼Sargocentron microstomaFDNA[49]
隆头鱼目 Labriformes鹦哥鱼科 Scaridae鹦嘴鱼属Scarus青点鹦嘴鱼Scarus ghobbanFF[58]
隆头鱼科 Labridae海猪鱼属Halichoeres黑尾海猪鱼Halichoeres melanurusF/LF/L[54,46]
尖唇鱼属Oxycheilinus双线尖唇鱼Cheilinus diagrammusFF[60]
唇鱼属Cheilinus绿尾唇鱼Cheilinus chlorourusFDNA[24]
横带唇鱼Cheilinus fasciatusFF[60]
曲纹唇鱼Cheilinus undulatusFGF/FG[5152, 6264]
盔鱼属Coris尾斑盔鱼Coris caudimaculaFF[50]
锦鱼属Thalassoma哈氏锦鱼Thalassoma hardwickeF[60]
鞍斑锦鱼Thalassoma hardwickiFF[60]
詹氏锦鱼Thalassoma janseniiFF[50]
蓝首锦鱼Thalassoma lucasanumFFF/LF[53, 57]
新月锦鱼Thalassoma lunareF/LF/L[50, 54, 58]
黑横带锦鱼Thalassoma nigrofasciatumF[50]
鲷形目 Spariformes龙占鱼科 Lethrinidae裸顶鲷属Gymnocranius蓝线裸顶鲷Gymnocranius grandoculisFDNA[24]
裸颊鲷属Lethrinus阿氏龙占鱼Lethrinus atkinsoniFFF/L[50, 58, 65]
纹鳍裸颊鲷Lethrinus laticaudusFF[58]
扁裸颊鲷Lethrinus lentjanFDNA[24]
长吻裸颊鲷Lethrinus miniatusFGFF[51, 58, 63, 65]
星斑裸颊鲷Lethrinus nebulosusFGFF/FGF[5051, 58, 63, 65]
短吻裸颊鲷Lethrinus ornatusFDNA[24]
单列齿鲷属Monotaxis单列齿鲷Monotaxis grandoculisFM[65]
海龙鱼目 Syngnathiformes副绯鲤属 Mullidae副绯鲤属Parupeneus多带副绯鲤Parupeneus multifasciatusFF[50]
鲈形目 Perciformes金线鱼科 Nemipteridae眶棘鲈属Scolopsis双线眶棘鲈Scolopsis bilineatusFF[50, 58]
鮨科 Serranidae石斑鱼属Epinephelus鞍带石斑鱼Epinephelus lanceolatusF/FG[6667]
雀鲷科 Pomacentridae豆娘鱼属Abudefduf六线豆娘鱼 Abudefduf sexfasciatusFF/L[15, 36, 38]
棘光鳃鲷属Acanthochromis多刺棘光鳃鲷Acanthochromis polyacanthusLF/LF/L[36, 38, 54, 58]
凹牙豆娘鱼属Amblyglyphidodon库拉索凹牙豆娘鱼Amblyglyphidodon curacaoFF/LFF[19, 3638, 54]
光鳃鱼属Chromis月腋光鳃鱼Chromis atripectoralisL[3638]
蓝光鳃鱼Chromis caeruleaLF[53, 60]
双色光鳃鱼Chromis dimidiataL[68]
双斑光鳃鱼Chromis margaritiferL[68]
蓝绿光鳃鱼Chromis viridisLLF/LLF/L[3638, 53, 60]
金翅雀鲷属Chrysiptera蓝刻齿雀鲷Chrysiptera cyaneaL[49]
罗氏金翅雀鲷Chrysiptera rollandiL[3637]
宅泥鱼属 Dascyllus宅泥鱼Dascyllus aruanusL[3637]
网纹宅泥鱼Dascyllus reticulatusL[3638]
盘雀鲷属Dischistodus黑斑盘雀鲷Dischistodus melanotusFF[58]
刺蝶鱼属Holacanthus雀点刺蝶鱼Holacanthus passerFFFF/LF[57]
新箭齿雀鲷属Neoglyphidodon黑新箭雀鲷Neoglyphidodon melasFF[50, 58]
闪光新箭雀鲷Neoglyphidodon oxyodonFF[50]
新雀鲷属Neopomacentrus奇新雀鲷 Neopomacentrus azysronL[36, 38]
Plectroglyphidodon迪克氏固曲齿鲷Pletroglyphidodon dickiiFF[58]
刺盖鱼属Pomacanthus半环刺盖鱼Pomacanthus semicirculatusFF[60]
六带刺盖鱼Pomacanthus sexstriatusFF[51, 58,60]
雀鲷属Pomacentrus安邦雀鲷Pomacentrus amboinensisL[3638]
金尾雀鲷Pomacentrus chrysurusFF[50]
霓虹雀鲷Pomacentrus coelestisFDNA[24]
黄雀鲷Pomacentrus moluccensisLLF/LLF/L[2836, 50, 53, 60]
澳氏雀鲷Pomacentrus wardiFF[50]
眶锯雀鲷属Stegastes墨西哥眶锯崔鲷Stegastes acapulcoensisFFFF[57]
黑眶锯雀鲷Stegastes nigricansFF[50]
), ArticleFig(id=1200784463245464333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200456386661446537, language=CN, label=表A1, caption=

文献报道的可捕食长棘海星的珊瑚礁鱼

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
精子卵子幼虫幼体受伤幼体濒死或死亡幼体健康成体受伤成体濒死或死亡成体参考文献
钩头鱼目 Kurtiformes天竺鲷科 Apogonidae天竺鲷属Apogon萨摩亚天竺鲷Nectamia savayensisFDNAFDNA[49]
鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes鳞鲀科 Balistidae钩鳞鲀Balistapus钩鳞鲀Balistapus undulatusFDNAFF[24,50]
褐拟鳞鲀Balistoides viridescensF/LLLF/LLL[5055]
副鳞鲀属Pseudobalistes黄边副鳞鲀Pseudobalistes flavimarginatusF/LF/FG/L[5153,56]
锉鳞鲀属Rhinecanthus叉斑锉鳞鲀Rhinecanthus aculeatusLL[54]
多棘鳞鲀属Sufflamen真多棘鳞鲀Sufflamen verresFFFF[57]
四齿鲀科 Tetraodontidae叉鼻鲀属Arothron纹腹叉鼻鲀Arothron hispidusF/LFF/LF/LF/LF/L[5055, 5759]
菲律宾叉鼻鲀Arothron manilensisFF/LFF/L[50, 57]
白点叉鼻鲀Arothron meleagrisFFFF[57]
黑斑叉鼻鲀Arothron nigropunctatusFF[60]
星斑叉鼻鲀Arothron stellatusFF[61]
二齿鲀科 Diodontidae刺鲀属Diodon密斑刺鲀Diodon hystrixFG[51]
蝴蝶鱼目 Chaetodontiformes蝴蝶鱼科 Chaetodontidae蝴蝶鱼属Chaetodon金带蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon aureofasciatusFF[50, 58]
扬旛蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon aurigaLF/LLF/L[50, 53, 58, 60]
耳带蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon auripesFF[61]
曲纹蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon baronessaFF[58]
本氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon citrinellusFFFF[5758]
克氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon kleiniiFF[58]
纹身蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon lineolatusFF[58]
蓝斑蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon plebeiusFF[50]
雷氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon rafflesiFF[50]
林氏蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon rainfordiFF[50, 58]
乌利蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon ulietensisFF[58]
飘浮蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon vagabundusF/LF/L[50, 54, 58]
虾虎鱼目 Gobiiformes虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae丝虾虎鱼属Cryptocentrus丝虾虎鱼属Cryptocentrus sp.FF[60]
笛鲷目 Lutjaniformes石鲈科 Haemulidae少棘胡椒鲷属Diagramma大唇少棘胡椒鲷Diagramma pictum labiosumFDNA[24]
笛鲷科 Lutjanidae笛鲷属Lutjanus白斑笛鲷Lutjanus boharFF[58]
驼背笛鲷Lutjanus gibbusFF[58]
金鳞鱼目 Holocentriformes金鳞鱼科 Holocentridae锯鳞鱼属Myripristis伯特氏锯鳞鱼Myripristis berndtiFDNAFDNA[49]
棘鳞鱼属Sargocentron长棘鳞鱼Sargocentron microstomaFDNA[49]
隆头鱼目 Labriformes鹦哥鱼科 Scaridae鹦嘴鱼属Scarus青点鹦嘴鱼Scarus ghobbanFF[58]
隆头鱼科 Labridae海猪鱼属Halichoeres黑尾海猪鱼Halichoeres melanurusF/LF/L[54,46]
尖唇鱼属Oxycheilinus双线尖唇鱼Cheilinus diagrammusFF[60]
唇鱼属Cheilinus绿尾唇鱼Cheilinus chlorourusFDNA[24]
横带唇鱼Cheilinus fasciatusFF[60]
曲纹唇鱼Cheilinus undulatusFGF/FG[5152, 6264]
盔鱼属Coris尾斑盔鱼Coris caudimaculaFF[50]
锦鱼属Thalassoma哈氏锦鱼Thalassoma hardwickeF[60]
鞍斑锦鱼Thalassoma hardwickiFF[60]
詹氏锦鱼Thalassoma janseniiFF[50]
蓝首锦鱼Thalassoma lucasanumFFF/LF[53, 57]
新月锦鱼Thalassoma lunareF/LF/L[50, 54, 58]
黑横带锦鱼Thalassoma nigrofasciatumF[50]
鲷形目 Spariformes龙占鱼科 Lethrinidae裸顶鲷属Gymnocranius蓝线裸顶鲷Gymnocranius grandoculisFDNA[24]
裸颊鲷属Lethrinus阿氏龙占鱼Lethrinus atkinsoniFFF/L[50, 58, 65]
纹鳍裸颊鲷Lethrinus laticaudusFF[58]
扁裸颊鲷Lethrinus lentjanFDNA[24]
长吻裸颊鲷Lethrinus miniatusFGFF[51, 58, 63, 65]
星斑裸颊鲷Lethrinus nebulosusFGFF/FGF[5051, 58, 63, 65]
短吻裸颊鲷Lethrinus ornatusFDNA[24]
单列齿鲷属Monotaxis单列齿鲷Monotaxis grandoculisFM[65]
海龙鱼目 Syngnathiformes副绯鲤属 Mullidae副绯鲤属Parupeneus多带副绯鲤Parupeneus multifasciatusFF[50]
鲈形目 Perciformes金线鱼科 Nemipteridae眶棘鲈属Scolopsis双线眶棘鲈Scolopsis bilineatusFF[50, 58]
鮨科 Serranidae石斑鱼属Epinephelus鞍带石斑鱼Epinephelus lanceolatusF/FG[6667]
雀鲷科 Pomacentridae豆娘鱼属Abudefduf六线豆娘鱼 Abudefduf sexfasciatusFF/L[15, 36, 38]
棘光鳃鲷属Acanthochromis多刺棘光鳃鲷Acanthochromis polyacanthusLF/LF/L[36, 38, 54, 58]
凹牙豆娘鱼属Amblyglyphidodon库拉索凹牙豆娘鱼Amblyglyphidodon curacaoFF/LFF[19, 3638, 54]
光鳃鱼属Chromis月腋光鳃鱼Chromis atripectoralisL[3638]
蓝光鳃鱼Chromis caeruleaLF[53, 60]
双色光鳃鱼Chromis dimidiataL[68]
双斑光鳃鱼Chromis margaritiferL[68]
蓝绿光鳃鱼Chromis viridisLLF/LLF/L[3638, 53, 60]
金翅雀鲷属Chrysiptera蓝刻齿雀鲷Chrysiptera cyaneaL[49]
罗氏金翅雀鲷Chrysiptera rollandiL[3637]
宅泥鱼属 Dascyllus宅泥鱼Dascyllus aruanusL[3637]
网纹宅泥鱼Dascyllus reticulatusL[3638]
盘雀鲷属Dischistodus黑斑盘雀鲷Dischistodus melanotusFF[58]
刺蝶鱼属Holacanthus雀点刺蝶鱼Holacanthus passerFFFF/LF[57]
新箭齿雀鲷属Neoglyphidodon黑新箭雀鲷Neoglyphidodon melasFF[50, 58]
闪光新箭雀鲷Neoglyphidodon oxyodonFF[50]
新雀鲷属Neopomacentrus奇新雀鲷 Neopomacentrus azysronL[36, 38]
Plectroglyphidodon迪克氏固曲齿鲷Pletroglyphidodon dickiiFF[58]
刺盖鱼属Pomacanthus半环刺盖鱼Pomacanthus semicirculatusFF[60]
六带刺盖鱼Pomacanthus sexstriatusFF[51, 58,60]
雀鲷属Pomacentrus安邦雀鲷Pomacentrus amboinensisL[3638]
金尾雀鲷Pomacentrus chrysurusFF[50]
霓虹雀鲷Pomacentrus coelestisFDNA[24]
黄雀鲷Pomacentrus moluccensisLLF/LLF/L[2836, 50, 53, 60]
澳氏雀鲷Pomacentrus wardiFF[50]
眶锯雀鲷属Stegastes墨西哥眶锯崔鲷Stegastes acapulcoensisFFFF[57]
黑眶锯雀鲷Stegastes nigricansFF[50]
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西沙海域长棘海星潜在鱼类捕食者鉴定
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张颖 1 , 杨栎潼 1 , 苏南 1, 3 , 陈慧真 1, 4 , 高倩 1, 4 , 胡建兴 1 , 郑凡昱 1 , 赖福香 1, 5 , 袁运裕 6 , 傅亮 6 , 陈偿 1, 2, *
海洋学报 | 论文 2024,46(7): 73-87
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海洋学报 | 论文 2024, 46(7): 73-87
西沙海域长棘海星潜在鱼类捕食者鉴定
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张颖1 , 杨栎潼1, 苏南1, 3, 陈慧真1, 4, 高倩1, 4, 胡建兴1, 郑凡昱1, 赖福香1, 5, 袁运裕6, 傅亮6, 陈偿1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国科学院 南海海洋研究所,中国科学院 热带海洋生物资源与重点实验室/广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,广东广州 510301
  • 2.中国科学院 南海海洋研究所,海南西沙海洋环境国家野外科学观测研究站,广东 广州 510301
  • 3.暨南大学水生生物研究所,广东 广州 510632
  • 4.中国科学院大学,北京 10049
  • 5.华南农业大学海洋学院,广东 广州 510600
  • 6.三沙航迹珊瑚礁保护研究所,海南 三沙 573199
  • 张颖(1992—),女,湖南省郴州人,从事海洋生物分子生态学研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*陈偿(1973—),男,广东省广州市人,研究员,从事海洋生物技术研究。E-mail:
Identification of potential fish predators of the crown-of-thorns starfish from Xisha sea area
Ying Zhang1 , Litong Yang1, Nan Su1, 3, Huizhen Chen1, 4, Qian Gao1, 4, Jianxing Hu1, Fanyu Zheng1, Fuxiang Lai1, 5, Yunyu Yuan6, Liang Fu6, Chang Chen1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
  • 2. Xisha Marine Environment National Observation and Research Station, Hainan, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sansha 573199, China
  • 3. Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 5. College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510600, China
  • 6. Sansha Track Ocean Coral Reef Conservation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sansha 573199, China
出版时间: 2024-07-31 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2024086
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长棘海星的暴发对我国乃至印度−太平洋海域的珊瑚礁造成了严重的破坏。鱼类捕食者被认为是控制长棘海星种群暴发的重要因素,但我国对于可捕食长棘海星的鱼类的研究尚属空白。通过采集西沙5个长棘海星暴发礁区的珊瑚礁鱼类,利用PCR技术检测了鱼肠道内容物中的长棘海星DNA,并与已报道的长棘海星鱼类捕食者进行了比较分析。结果显示,本次调查共捕获了62尾鱼,共23科36属50种。在4种鱼的肠道内容物中检测到长棘海星DNA,分别是颊吻鼻鱼(Naso lituratus)、网纹宅泥鱼(Dascyllus reticulatus)、三叶唇鱼(Cheilinus trilobatus)和赤鳍裸颊鲷(Lethrinus erythropterus)。其中颊吻鼻鱼、三叶唇鱼和赤鳍裸颊鲷为首次报道的长棘海星潜在捕食者。本研究首次鉴定了我国长棘海星潜在鱼类捕食者种类,为开发长棘海星早期防控技术提供了重要参考。

长棘海星  /  珊瑚礁鱼类  /  捕食者  /  肠道内容物  /  PCR检测技术

The crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) outbreak has caused severe damage to coral reefs in China and the Indo-Pacific region. Fish predators have been considered as an important factor in controlling the population outbreak, but there is a lack of research on the fish that can prey on crown-of-thorns starfish in China. By collecting coral reef fish from five outbreak areas of crown-of-thorns starfish in the Xisha Islands, CoTS DNA was detectedin the intestinal contents of the reef fish using PCR technology, and which compared with reported CoTS larval predators. The results showed that a total of 62 fish belonging to 23 families, 36 genera and 50 species were captured in this survey. CoTS DNA was detected in the gut contents of four fish species, namely Naso lituratus, Dascyllus reticulatus, Chelilinus trilobatus and Lethrinus erythropterus. Among them, N. lituratus, C. trilobatus and L. erythropterusare reported for the first time as potential predators of CoTS. This study has identified the potential predators of CoTS for the first time in China, providing important references for the development of early prevention and control techniques for crown-of-thorns starfish.

crown-of-thorns starfish  /  coral reef fish  /  predators  /  intestinal contents  /  PCR detecting technology
张颖, 杨栎潼, 苏南, 陈慧真, 高倩, 胡建兴, 郑凡昱, 赖福香, 袁运裕, 傅亮, 陈偿. 西沙海域长棘海星潜在鱼类捕食者鉴定. 海洋学报, 2024 , 46 (7) : 73 -87 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2024086
Ying Zhang, Litong Yang, Nan Su, Huizhen Chen, Qian Gao, Jianxing Hu, Fanyu Zheng, Fuxiang Lai, Yunyu Yuan, Liang Fu, Chang Chen. Identification of potential fish predators of the crown-of-thorns starfish from Xisha sea area[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2024 , 46 (7) : 73 -87 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2024086
珊瑚礁是地球上生物多样性最丰富的生态系统之一,被誉为“海洋中的热带雨林”,具有重要的生态价值和经济价值[12]。然而全球珊瑚礁正面临严重的退化,长棘海星的大规模暴发是造成这一现象的重要原因之一[35]。在我国西沙群岛海域,2004—2010年期间长棘海星的暴发导致西沙活珊瑚覆盖率从整体60%左右降到10%以下[6]。而最近一次暴发始于2018年,并迅速蔓延至整个西沙群岛,使珊瑚覆盖面积进一步急速下降,严重威胁南海珊瑚岛礁的生态安全[6]
长棘海星(棘冠海星, Acanthaster spp., Crown-of-Thorns Starfish, CoTS)隶属于棘皮动物门,海星纲(Echinodermata),有棘目(Spinulosa),长棘海星属(Acanthaster),常见于印度−太平洋的珊瑚礁中,主要以珊瑚为食。当种群密度较低时,长棘海星的捕食可以增加当地珊瑚物种的多样性[78]。然而,当大规模暴发时,它将使活珊瑚覆盖面积显著减小,导致珊瑚生物多样性明显下降,从而改变珊瑚群落结构,影响其它礁区生物的生存,造成珊瑚礁生态系统的崩溃[910]。因此,长棘海星的暴发被认为是整个印度−太平洋地区珊瑚礁退化的重要原因[1112]
目前有关长棘海星暴发的确切机制并不清楚,但有人认为过度捕捞可能是导致暴发的重要原因,因为它减少了长棘海星捕食者的数量,提高了长棘海星的存活率[1314]。例如,在澳大利亚大堡礁首次记录长棘海星暴发时,长棘海星的天敌—大法螺(Charonia tritonis)正被大量捕捞[15]。多项研究也表明,在非保护区中,尤其是经历了渔业开发的珊瑚礁,会发生更频繁和更严重的长棘海星暴发事件[14,1617]。而在受保护的珊瑚礁区中,暴发事件更少且会发现更多受伤的长棘海星[18]。因此,长棘海星捕食者的研究也逐渐受到关注,越来越多的珊瑚礁生物被发现可以捕食不同发育阶段的长棘海星。例如,一种名为库拉索豆娘鱼(Abudefduf curacao)的小雀鲷在野外被观察到以雌性CoTS所产的卵为食[19]。在冲绳和马尔代夫,也分别观察到耳带蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon auripes)和纹带蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon falcula)以长棘海星配子为食[2021]。红色蟹(Schizophyrys aspera)被发现在有其他猎物存在下仍可以每天消耗超过5个完整的CoTS稚体[22]。截至目前,总共有132种珊瑚礁生物(包括鱼类和无脊椎动物)会捕食珊瑚礁栖息地的长棘海星配子(3种)、幼虫(28种)、健康的底栖幼体(49种)、受伤的底栖幼体(12种)、濒死或死亡的底栖幼体(49种)、健康的成体(19种)、受伤的成体(17种),以及濒死或死亡的成体(59种),其中鱼类捕食者有81种,占据了60%以上[2225]。这表明,相比其他生物,鱼类捕食者在调节长棘海星种群丰度、缓解长棘海星暴发上可能扮演着更重要的角色。然而在我国,长棘海星鱼类捕食者的研究尚处于空白,要了解南海珊瑚岛礁的长棘海星暴发机制,建立早期预警防控体系,需查明长棘海星的潜在鱼类捕食者。本研究采集了我国西沙海域长棘海星暴发礁区的珊瑚礁鱼类,利用PCR技术检测了鱼肠道内容物中的长棘海星DNA,以识别我国西沙海域长棘海星的潜在鱼类捕食者,并与国际上报道的长棘海星天敌进行了比较,以期为我国开发长棘海星早期防控技术提供重要参考。
2021年9月16日至9月20日分别于南海西沙永乐群岛外礁、石屿、银屿和甘泉岛4个珊瑚礁区采集鱼类,2022年4月15日和4月20日分别于西沙永兴岛外礁区采集鱼类(图1)。通过围栏网、手抄网等方式捕获鱼类样品后,立即将鱼放入装满充气海水的样品袋中运回船上。将鱼取出置于解剖盘上,使用GoPro Hero5对每条鱼进行拍照,同时根据《中国南海西南中沙群岛珊瑚礁鱼类图谱》[26]和《中国海洋及河口鱼类系统检索》[27]进行物种的鉴定,并测定体长(标准长度,cm)和体重(kg)。使用无菌剪刀和镊子进行解剖,将肠道内容物全部取出装入冻存管中,速冻于液氮备用。
使用匀浆振荡器将采集的肠道内容物匀浆震荡5分钟,以确保样品的彻底混合均匀。从每个匀浆后的样品中取一份子样品用于DNA的提取。使用TIANamp Marine Animals DNA Kit试剂盒(天根,北京)提取DNA。NanoDrop-2000分光光度计用于检测 DNA 的浓度和纯度,DNA样品冻存于−20℃,备用。
长棘海星物种特异性靶标为线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基(mtCOI,mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1),参考Uthicke等[28]研究使用引物对COTS-F-69(5'-3':GGCCTGAGCAGGAATGGTTGGAA)/COTS-R-987(5'-3':GCCTTGTAGCGTTGCCATTCACC)进行鱼肠道内容物中长棘海星的PCR扩增,ddH2O作为阴性对照,以本团队繁育的长棘海星幼虫的基因组DNA作为阳性对照。扩增体系为25 μL:包括正向引物(10 μmol/L)和反向引物(10 μmol/L)各0.6 μL,12.5 μL 2 × Phanta Max Master Mix(诺唯赞,中国),1 μL DNA模板(终浓度为1~10 ng/μL),ddH2O补充到25 μL。扩增反应条件:95℃ 3 min;95℃ 15 s,57℃ 15 s,72℃ 1 min,34个循环;72℃ 10 min。使用1.2%的琼脂糖凝胶对扩增产物进行电泳(135 V,28 min,点样量3 μL),260 nm凝胶成像仪下观察,确认目的条带(大小为919 bp)。将含有目的条带的PCR产物送往公司进行测序(天一辉远生物科技有限公司,广州),测序成功的序列进行BLASTN比对。
在南海西沙5个珊瑚礁区,共收集62尾珊瑚礁鱼(每种鱼类1至3尾)。通过形态学鉴定,发现其隶属于1门1纲13目23科36属50种,体长范围为10.5~29.5 cm,体重为0.01~0.285 kg(表1)。其中来自永乐群岛的44尾珊瑚礁鱼,隶属于1门1纲12目20科30属37种,其余采集自永兴岛的18尾珊瑚礁鱼,隶属于1门1纲9目12科15属16种,其中黑斑鹦嘴鱼(Scarus globiceps)、尾纹九棘鲈(Cephalopholis urodeta)和条斑副绯鲤(Parupeneus barberinus)这3种鱼也在永乐群岛被捕获。
对50种62尾鱼的肠道内容物进行长棘海星目的片段的检测,根据PCR扩增和BLAST序列比对结果,发现有4种鱼可检测到长棘海星DNA(图2表2),分别为网纹宅泥鱼(Dascyllus reticulatus)、三叶唇鱼(Cheilimus trilobatus)、颊吻鼻鱼(Naso lituratus)和赤鳍裸颊鲷(Lethrinus erythropterus)(图3)。这4种鱼均采集自2021年9月份经历长棘海星暴发的西沙石屿珊瑚礁区附近,且每种均只收集到1尾鱼。这4种鱼的大小范围从10.5~27 cm的体长不等,分别隶属于雀鲷科(Pomacentridae)、隆头鱼科(Labridae)、刺尾鱼科(Acanthuridae)和龙占鱼科(Lethrinidae)(表1)。其中,三叶唇鱼、颊吻鼻鱼和赤鳍裸颊鲷为首次报道能在其肠道内容物中检测到长棘海星DNA。
长棘海星是一种以R型对策为生殖方式的棘皮动物,其成体繁殖能力惊人,一只雌性长棘海星1年产卵量在数千万到1亿以上[2930]。幼体阶段成活率的小幅增加可能会显著影响成体种群的数量,而捕食者的数量与种类是猎物种群密度的主要控制因子[3132]。鱼类常以浮游生物和无脊椎动物为食[33],因此,鉴定捕食长棘海星早期生命阶段的鱼类有助于了解长棘海星种群暴发的生态学机制,同时也为生态防控提供基础。本研究应用前期建立的长棘海星DNA分子检测技术[34],对来自发生不同程度长棘海星暴发的珊瑚礁区[35]鱼类的肠道内容物进行了检测。研究发现,在获得的23科50种62尾珊瑚礁鱼的肠道内容物中有4科4种4尾鱼能检测到长棘海星DNA。为将本结果与已报道的长棘海星鱼类捕食者进行比较分析,我们总结了目前国际上已报道的长棘海星鱼类捕食者(表A1)。发现共有81种鱼类捕食者,隶属于10目16科39属,其中23种可以捕食长棘海星浮浪幼虫,14种可捕食健康的底栖幼体,12种可捕食受伤的底栖幼体,49种可捕食濒死或死亡的底栖幼体,7种可捕食健康的长棘海星成体,15种可捕食受伤的成体,53种捕食濒死或死亡的成体。经过比较分析后,发现在本研究中可以检测到长棘海星DNA的4种鱼中,只有网纹宅泥鱼已被报道可以捕食长棘海星浮浪幼虫[24,3638],而三叶唇鱼、颊吻鼻鱼和赤鳍裸颊鲷这3种珊瑚礁鱼均未曾报道能捕食长棘海星或未曾在其体内检测到长棘海星DNA(表1表A1)。此外,发现耳带蝴蝶鱼在野外被观察到可以捕食长棘海星精子和幼虫,白斑笛鲷(Lutjanus bohar)和多带副绯鲤(Parupeneus multifasciatus)可以捕食受伤或死亡的长棘海星底栖幼体和成体[2324],单列齿鲷(Monotaxis grandoculis)则被观察到可以捕食健康的长棘海星底栖幼体[24],但在本研究中这4种鱼的肠道内容物样本未检出到长棘海星DNA(表1表A1)。
网纹宅泥鱼(D. reticulatus)对长棘海星的捕食已被多次报道。Cowan等分别在2016年、2017年和2020年的室内投喂实验中证明网纹宅泥鱼可以捕食长棘海星浮浪幼虫,并且发现其在长棘海星幼虫密度较低的情况下是一个高效捕食者,尽管随着海星幼虫密度增加,其捕食猎物的数量会达到饱和,捕食效率会降低[3638]。此外,他们还发现,即使有其他它形态相似的猎物如蓝海星幼虫(Linckia laevigata)存在,网纹宅泥鱼[重(3.57 ± 0.21) g,长(48.95 ± 1.19)mm]仍然会捕食长棘海星浮浪幼虫,且捕食效率不受影响[38]。本研究从长棘海星暴发区捕获的网纹宅泥鱼(重10 g,长105 mm)的肠道内容物中检测到长棘海星DNA,为前期已报道的室内研究提供了进一步佐证,显示自然海域中的网纹宅泥鱼很可能捕食长棘海星浮浪幼虫,且不同大小的网纹宅泥鱼均具有捕食海星幼虫的能力,提示网纹宅泥鱼在减少大量海星幼虫暴发和降低长棘海星幼体有效定植率方面可能发挥作用。
三叶唇鱼、颊吻鼻鱼和赤鳍裸颊鲷这3种珊瑚礁鱼未曾报道过能捕食或在体内检测到长棘海星,我们的研究首次发现它们的肠道内容物中含有长棘海星DNA,表明这3种珊瑚礁鱼可能直接或间接地捕食长棘海星。本研究中捕获的三叶唇鱼长25 cm,接近成年,基于其主要以有壳类的底栖无脊椎动物为食这一特性[39],推测其肠道内容物中的长棘海星DNA可能通过直接捕食底栖长棘海星获得,亦或是来自以长棘海星为食的软体动物或甲壳动物。颊吻鼻鱼作为一种营底栖生活的鱼类,主要以叶状褐藻为食,如马尾藻(Sargassum)和盘藻(Dictyota)等,也会觅食小型海洋动物[40],推测本研究采集的颊吻鼻鱼可能是食用含有长棘海星DNA的叶状藻类、海洋动物或直接捕食了底栖长棘海星。因为已有研究表明长棘海星eDNA很容易结合到水族箱表面或珊瑚表面黏液层的生物膜中[4142]。赤鳍裸颊鲷主要栖息于2~25 m深的珊瑚礁和邻近的砂质海区,以棘皮动物、软体动物、甲壳动物和小鱼为食[43]。本研究中赤鳍裸颊鲷的肠道内容物能检出长棘海星DNA,可能是由于摄食了以长棘海星为食的软体动物、甲壳动物、小鱼或直接捕食了底栖长棘海星。尽管无法区分这3种鱼是食用哪个阶段(浮浪阶段、底栖阶段,还是成体阶段)亦或是哪种生命状态(活的、垂死的、死亡的)的长棘海星,但结合它们的饮食习惯和栖息地(比如这3种鱼类均喜营底栖生活),推测它们肠道内容物中的长棘海星DNA直接通过捕食长棘海星浮浪幼虫获得的可能性较低,而可能主要以直接捕食底栖长棘海星或间接捕食以长棘海星为食的海洋动物为主,尤其是赤鳍裸颊鲷,很有可能是长棘海星底栖期的关键捕食者。后续的研究可以考虑通过室内投喂实验来验证其是否为直接捕食者,以及主要捕食哪个发育阶段和哪种生命状态的长棘海星。
捕食者对猎物的捕食由许多因素驱动,包括由于不同猎物密度而导致的相遇率的变化、其他猎物的存在、猎物的防御能力和猎物的营养价值等[38,4445]。耳带蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon auripes)、白斑笛鲷(Lutjanus bohar)、多带副绯鲤(Parupeneus multifasciatus)和单列齿鲷(Monotaxis grandoculis)这4种鱼在野外曾被观察到可以捕食长棘海星[2324],但在本研究中它们的肠道内容物未检出长棘海星DNA,表明这些鱼未直接或间接捕食过长棘海星。尽管我们未发表的数据表明,耳带蝴蝶鱼的捕获区存在长棘海星浮浪幼虫,但是幼虫密度不高,这可能是未在其肠道内容物中检测到长棘海星DNA的原因。白斑笛鲷和多带副绯鲤仅在野外被观察到可以捕食受伤或死亡的幼体和成体,而单列齿鲷被观察到可以捕食健康的幼体[2324]。一方面,这3种鱼均营底栖生活,主要以甲壳类、软体动物及鱼类为食[43, 4648],推测长棘海星可能不是其优先选择的食物;另一方面,在野外调查中尚未发现大量的长棘海星幼体。因此猎物的多选择性及其密度可能与本次研究未检测到长棘海星DNA密切相关。
本研究共发现4种长棘海星潜在捕食者,分别是颊吻鼻鱼、网纹宅泥鱼、三叶唇鱼和赤鳍裸颊鲷,其中颊吻鼻鱼、三叶唇鱼和赤鳍裸颊鲷为首次报道的长棘海星潜在捕食者。综合国际上已有研究报道,目前共有84种海洋鱼类是长棘海星的潜在捕食者,表明长棘海星在其生命周期的各个阶段都很容易受到各种珊瑚礁鱼类的捕食,长棘海星新潜在鱼类捕食者的发现提示鱼类对长棘海星的捕食可能比目前所认识的更为普遍。未来的研究应进一步挖掘长棘海星的主要捕食者及其捕食效率,以明晰捕食者在调节长棘海星种群动态中的作用,为制定预防长棘海星暴发的策略提供重要科学指导。
  • 海南省三沙市海洋和渔业局项目(SSHY-2201)
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2024年第46卷第7期
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doi: 10.12284/hyxb2024086
  • 接收时间:2023-10-11
  • 首发时间:2025-11-26
  • 出版时间:2024-07-31
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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-11
  • 修回日期:2024-04-17
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海南省三沙市海洋和渔业局项目(SSHY-2201)
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    1.中国科学院 南海海洋研究所,中国科学院 热带海洋生物资源与重点实验室/广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,广东广州 510301
    2.中国科学院 南海海洋研究所,海南西沙海洋环境国家野外科学观测研究站,广东 广州 510301
    3.暨南大学水生生物研究所,广东 广州 510632
    4.中国科学院大学,北京 10049
    5.华南农业大学海洋学院,广东 广州 510600
    6.三沙航迹珊瑚礁保护研究所,海南 三沙 573199

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*陈偿(1973—),男,广东省广州市人,研究员,从事海洋生物技术研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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