Article(id=1200024646344082258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1200024643240292843, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12284/hyxb2024024, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1692633600000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-22, revisedDate=1699372800000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-08, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764037771068, onlineDateStr=2025-11-25, pubDate=1706630400000, pubDateStr=2024-01-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764037771068, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764037771068, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764037771068, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200024643240292843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, year='2024', volume='46', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='130', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764037770328, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764056122067, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200101616062923672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1200024643240292843, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200101616062923673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, issueId=1200024643240292843, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=12, endPage=26, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200024646562186072, articleId=1200024646344082258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=EN, title=Multi-scale impacts on beach ecosystem of beach nourishment: a review, columnId=null, journalTitle=Haiyang Xuebao, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Beach is a common and vulnerable coastal ecosystem with huge ecological service functions. Due to the multiple impacts of climate change and human activities, beach ecosystem has been seriously damaged. Beach nourishment is an effective approach to prevent coastal erosion and improve the beach environment by using sand replenishment to restore beach morphology. Previous nourishments have often neglected the impacts on beach ecosystem. Many studies show that beach nourishment have multifaceted, multi-scale and complex impacts on beach ecosystem. Based on reviewing previous researches, the compositions, characteristics and functions of beach ecosystem are summarized. The basic characteristics of beach ecological damage, the impact process and mechanism of beach nourishment on beach ecosystem at various scales are analyzed. Then, some adaptive measures for beach nourishment are suggested from the perspective of reducing negative ecological impacts, which would support coastal management and sustainable utilization of beach.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Haiyang Xuebao, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hongshuai Qi, Shuting Zeng, Min Chen, Feng Cai, Bingchen Liang, Shasha Liu), CN=ArticleExt(id=1200024651251418097, articleId=1200024646344082258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, language=CN, title=海滩养护对海滩生态系统的多尺度影响述评, columnId=1189609213333594548, journalTitle=海洋学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

海滩是常见且脆弱的滨海生态系统,具有极大的生态服务功能。受气候变化和人类活动的多重影响,海滩生态系统受损严重。海滩养护是利用人工补沙的方式对海滩地貌进行修复,是抵御海岸侵蚀和改善海滩环境的有效措施,以往的养护往往忽略了对海滩生态系统的影响,许多研究表明海滩养护对海滩生态系统会产生多方面、多尺度的复杂影响。本文在总结前人研究的基础上,梳理出海滩生态系统的构成、特点和功能,分析了海滩生态受损的基本特征,对海滩养护对海滩生态系统多尺度影响过程及影响机制进行了重点述评,并从降低负面生态影响角度给出了海滩养护技术优化方法,以支撑海滩生态系统适应性管理和可持续利用。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《海洋学报》编辑部 2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=fZ8iUmty3ouiC21zUr9Kpg==, magXml=5ld8tpXwSGKfEIqjGvyAwA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=1NYzM6devw7QxidTyQwR3g==, pdfFileSize=1753390, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=FHsPA/NkDe8D40zuFPbFcA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=nU9osKMp9KC07NeFjHjf8A==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

戚洪帅(1980—),男,山东省日照市人,研究员,主要从事海洋生态修复和海滩养护技术等相关领域研究。E-mail:

, authorsList=戚洪帅, 曾舒婷, 陈敏, 蔡锋, 梁丙臣, 柳莎莎)}, authors=[Author(id=1200091111189480395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=qihongshuai@tio.org.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200091111306920911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091111189480395, language=EN, stringName=Hongshuai Qi, firstName=Hongshuai, middleName=null, lastName=Qi, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200091111403389904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091111189480395, language=CN, stringName=戚洪帅, firstName=洪帅, middleName=null, lastName=戚, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005
2.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005, bio={"content":"

戚洪帅(1980—),男,山东省日照市人,研究员,主要从事海洋生态修复和海滩养护技术等相关领域研究。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

戚洪帅(1980—),男,山东省日照市人,研究员,主要从事海洋生态修复和海滩养护技术等相关领域研究。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200091110820381627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110832964541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110837158846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200091110933627840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110937822145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110933627840, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110946210753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110933627840, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005)])]), Author(id=1200091111512441814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200091111642465241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091111512441814, language=EN, stringName=Shuting Zeng, firstName=Shuting, middleName=null, lastName=Zeng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200091111738934237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091111512441814, language=CN, stringName=曾舒婷, firstName=舒婷, middleName=null, lastName=曾, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200091110820381627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110832964541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110837158846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005)])]), Author(id=1200091111873151968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200091112045118441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091111873151968, language=EN, stringName=Min Chen, firstName=Min, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200091112170947565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091111873151968, language=CN, stringName=陈敏, firstName=敏, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200091110820381627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110832964541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110837158846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005)])]), Author(id=1200091112279999478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200091112372274170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091112279999478, language=EN, stringName=Feng Cai, firstName=Feng, middleName=null, lastName=Cai, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200091112443577343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091112279999478, language=CN, stringName=蔡锋, firstName=锋, middleName=null, lastName=蔡, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005
2.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200091110820381627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110832964541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110837158846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200091110933627840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110937822145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110933627840, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110946210753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110933627840, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005)])]), Author(id=1200091112527462401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200091112749760521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091112527462401, language=EN, stringName=Bingchen Liang, firstName=Bingchen, middleName=null, lastName=Liang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3. College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200091112833646605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091112527462401, language=CN, stringName=梁丙臣, firstName=丙臣, middleName=null, lastName=梁, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.中国海洋大学 工程学院,山东 青岛 266100, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200091111025902532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091111072039876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091111025902532, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091111080428485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091111025902532, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国海洋大学 工程学院,山东 青岛 266100)])]), Author(id=1200091112934309903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200091113085304853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091112934309903, language=EN, stringName=Shasha Liu, firstName=Shasha, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200091113177579544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, authorId=1200091112934309903, language=CN, stringName=柳莎莎, firstName=莎莎, middleName=null, lastName=柳, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200091110820381627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110832964541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110837158846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1200091113404071969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=beach ecosystem), Keyword(id=1200091113534095392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=beach nourishment), Keyword(id=1200091113672507427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=ecological impacts), Keyword(id=1200091113781559333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=海滩生态系统), Keyword(id=1200091113894805544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=海滩养护), Keyword(id=1200091114033217578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=生态影响)], refs=[Reference(id=1200091117401243768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨燕雄, 张甲波, 刘松涛. 秦皇岛海滩养护工程的实践与方法[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2014, 30(3): 1−15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091117506101372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Yanxiong, Zhang Jiabo, Liu Songtao. What we have learnt from the beach nourishment project in Qinhuangdao[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2014, 30(3): 1−15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091117661290622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=戚洪帅, 刘根, 蔡锋, 等. 海滩修复养护技术发展趋势与前景[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2021, 40(1): 111−125., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091117740982400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qi Hongshuai, Liu Gen, Cai Feng, et al. Development trend and prospect of beach nourishment technology[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2021, 40(1): 111−125., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091117871005830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Amaral A C Z, Corte G N, Filho J S R, et al. Brazilian sandy beaches: characteristics, ecosystem services, impacts, knowledge and priorities[J]. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 2016, 64(sp2): 5−16., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091117942308998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张朝晖, 王宗灵, 朱明远. 海洋生态系统服务的研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(6): 925−932., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118009417864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Zhaohui, Wang Zongling, Zhu Mingyuan. Research progress on marine ecosystem services[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007, 26(6): 925−932., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118072332428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Defeo O, McLachlan A, Schoeman D S, et al. Threats to sandy beach ecosystems: a review[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2009, 81(1): 1−12., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118160412815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Defeo O, McLachlan A, Armitage D, et al. Sandy beach social–ecological systems at risk: regime shifts, collapses, and governance challenges[J]. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2021, 19(10): 564−573., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118248493203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nourisson D H, Bessa F, Scapini F, et al. Macrofaunal community abundance and diversity and talitrid orientation as potential indicators of ecological long-term effects of a sand-dune recovery intervention[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2014, 36: 356−366., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118315602068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Semeoshenkova V, Newton A. Overview of erosion and beach quality issues in three southern European countries: Portugal, Spain and Italy[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2015, 118: 12−21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118395293849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma Zhijun, Melville D S, Liu Jianguo, et al. Rethinking China’s new great wall[J]. Science, 2014, 346(6212): 912−914., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118458208413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈雪初, 戴禹杭, 孙彦伟, 等. 大都市海岸带生态整治修复技术研究进展与展望[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2021, 40(3): 477−484., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091118537900192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Xuechu, Dai Yuhang, Sun Yanwei, et al. Research progress and prospect of eco-realignment and restoration technologies for metropolitan coastal zone[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2021, 40(3): 477−484., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091119645196454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李亚娟, 马春, 毛天宇. 生态修复工程在港口建设中的应用[J]. 科技视界, 2014(26): 68, 122., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091119754248359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Yajuan, Ma Chun, Mao Tianyu. Application of ecological restoration project in port construction[J]. Science & Technology Vision, 2014(26): 68, 122., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091119863300268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱嘉, 刘建辉, 蔡晓琼. 珠江口外伶仃岛海滩修复研究[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2014, 31(11): 36−40., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091119959769261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Jia, Liu Jianhui, Cai Xiaoqiong. Research on beach restoration of Wailingding Island, Zhujiang River Estuary[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2014, 31(11): 36−40., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120043655344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡锋, 刘根. 我国海滩养护修复的发展与技术创新[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2019, 38(4): 452−463., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120135930036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai Feng, Liu Gen. Beach nourishment development and technological innovations in China: an overview[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2019, 38(4): 452−463., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120274342071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱君, 蔡锋, 刘建辉, 等. 海滩养护修复过程中拦沙堤的应用[J]. 海洋工程, 2021, 39(6): 152−165., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120429531324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Jun, Cai Feng, Liu Jianhui, et al. Application of groin system in beach nourishment[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2021, 39(6): 152−165., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120555360447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=James R J. From beaches to beach environments: linking the ecology, human-use and management of beaches in Australia[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2000, 43(6): 495−514., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120651829444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Micallef A, Williams A T. Theoretical strategy considerations for beach management[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2002, 45(4/5): 261−275., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120739909830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=姜欢欢, 温国义, 周艳荣, 等. 我国海洋生态修复现状、存在的问题及展望[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2013, 30(1): 35−38, 112., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120819601609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang Huanhuan, Wen Guoyi, Zhou Yanrong, et al. Current situation, problems and prospects of marine ecological restoration in China[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2013, 30(1): 35−38, 112., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091120924459210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈国英, 黄凌风, 郭丰, 等. 海洋生态学[M]. 3版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121046094029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen Guoying, Huang Lingfeng, Guo Feng, et al. Marine Ecology[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: Science Press, 2010., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121150951631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Corte G N, Checon H H, Esmaeili Y S, et al. Evaluation of the effects of urbanization and environmental features on sandy beach macrobenthos highlights the importance of submerged zones[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2022, 182: 113962., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121243226320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Speybroeck J, Bonte D, Courtens W, et al. Beach nourishment: an ecologically sound coastal defence alternative? A review[J]. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 2006, 16(4): 419−435., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121335501010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=de Schipper M A, Ludka B C, Raubenheimer B, et al. Beach nourishment has complex implications for the future of sandy shores[J]. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 2021, 2(1): 70−84., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121452941521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=尤龙辉, 林捷, 谭芳林, 等. 福建省岩石性海岸、潮间沙石海滩生态系统服务及其价值研究[J]. 防护林科技, 2016(10): 10−14., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121541021907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=You Longhui, Lin Jie, Tan Fanglin, et al. Evaluation of ecosystem services and value of rocky coast and sandy beach wetland in Fujian Province[J]. Protection Forest Science and Technology, 2016(10): 10−14., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121641685207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黎树式, 林俊良, 黄鹄, 等. 广西海滩侵蚀原因与修复[J]. 北部湾大学学报, 2019, 34(12): 30−37., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121721376983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Shushi, Lin Junliang, Huang Hu, et al. Causes of beach erosion and its restoration in Guangxi[J]. Journal of Beibu Gulf University, 2019, 34(12): 30−37., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121809457369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Costa L L, Fanini L, Zalmon I R, et al. Cumulative stressors impact macrofauna differentially according to sandy beach type: a meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 307: 114594., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121901732060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Harris L, Campbell E E, Nel R, et al. Rich diversity, strong endemism, but poor protection: addressing the neglect of sandy beach ecosystems in coastal conservation planning[J]. Diversity and Distributions, 2014, 20(10): 1120−1135., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091121973035230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jaramillo E, McLachlan A, Coetzee P. Intertidal zonation patterns of macroinfauna over a range of exposed sandy beaches in South-central Chile[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1993, 101: 105−117., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122056921312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McLachlan A, Jaramillo E, Defeo O, et al. Adaptations of bivalves to different beach types[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 1995, 187(2): 147−160., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122136613090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Heymans J J, McLachlan A. Carbon budget and network analysis of a high-energy beach/surf-zone ecosystem[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1996, 43(4): 485−505., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122220499171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dugan J E, Hubbard D M, Page H M, et al. Marine macrophyte wrack inputs and dissolved nutrients in beach sands[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2011, 34(4): 839−850., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122287608038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Checon H H, Corte G N, Esmaeili Y S, et al. The efficacy of benthic indices to evaluate the ecological quality and urbanization effects on sandy beach ecosystems[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 856: 159190., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122379882729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Harris L R, Defeo O. Sandy shore ecosystem services, ecological infrastructure, and bundles: new insights and perspectives[J]. Ecosystem Services, 2022, 57: 101477., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122480546028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schlacher T A, Schoeman D S, Dugan J, et al. Sandy beach ecosystems: key features, sampling issues, management challenges and climate change impacts[J]. Marine Ecology, 2008, 29(S1): 70−90., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122572820718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Barbier E B, Hacker S D, Kennedy C, et al. The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services[J]. Ecological Monographs, 2011, 81(2): 169−193., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122665095408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sardá R. Ecosystem services in the Mediterranean Sea: the need for an economic and business oriented approach[M]//Hughes T B. Mediterranean Sea: Ecosystems, Economic Importance and Environmental Threats. New York: Nova Publishers, 2013: 1−34., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122740592881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张明慧, 孙昭晨, 梁书秀, 等. 海岸整治修复国内外研究进展与展望[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2017, 36(4): 635−640., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122824478962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Minghui, Sun Zhaochen, Liang Shuxiu, et al. Progress of coastal environment repairing and cleaning engineering research and its prospect[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2017, 36(4): 635−640., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122891587827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李广雪, 宫立新, 杨继超, 等. 山东滨海沙滩侵蚀状态与保护对策[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2013, 33(5): 35−46., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091122992251124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Guangxue, Gong Lixin, Yang Jichao, et al. Beach erosion along the coast of Shandong Province and protection countermeasures[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2013, 33(5): 35−46., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124120518901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai Feng, Su Xianze, Liu Jianhui, et al. Coastal erosion in China under the condition of global climate change and measures for its prevention[J]. Progress in Natural Science, 2009, 19(4): 415−426., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124187627766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=51, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吕永龙, 苑晶晶, 李奇锋, 等. 陆源人类活动对近海生态系统的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(5): 1183−1191., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124258930935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=52, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lü Yonglong, Yuan Jingjing, Li Qifeng, et al. Impacts of land-based human activities on coastal and offshore marine ecosystems[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(5): 1183−1191., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124334428408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=53, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=聂华欣. 辽东湾近海污染问题与治理研究[D]. 大连: 大连海洋大学, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124556726521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=54, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nie Huaxin. Research on offshore pollution problems and management in Liaodong Bay[D]. Dalian: Dalian Ocean University, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124674167034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=55, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=金信飞. 浅析海洋污染与海洋渔业资源保护[J]. 工程技术研究, 2020, 2(11): 31−32., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124745470203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=56, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jin Xinfei. Analysis of marine pollution and marine fishery resources protection[J]. Engineering and Technological Research, 2020, 2(11): 31−32., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124833550588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=57, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Ying, Wang Juying, Mu Jingli, et al. Aquatic predicted no-effect concentration for three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and probabilistic ecological risk assessment in Liaodong Bay of the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014, 21(1): 148−158., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124904853757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=58, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kalantzi I, Papageorgiou N, Sevastou K, et al. Metals in benthic macrofauna and biogeochemical factors affecting their trophic transfer to wild fish around fish farm cages[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014, 470−471: 742−753., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091124971962622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=59, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Defeo O, Castrejón M, Pérez-Castañeda R, et al. Co-management in Latin American small-scale shellfisheries: assessment from long-term case studies[J]. Fish and Fisheries, 2016, 17(1): 176−192., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125055848703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=44, rfOrder=60, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wiese F K, Ryan P C. The extent of chronic marine oil pollution in southeastern Newfoundland waters assessed through beached bird surveys 1984−1999[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2003, 46(9): 1090−1101., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125127151872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=61, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ko J Y, Day J W. A review of ecological impacts of oil and gas development on coastal ecosystems in the Mississippi Delta[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2004, 47(11/12): 597−623., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125194260737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=46, rfOrder=62, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dayton P K, Thrush S F, Agardy M T, et al. Environmental effects of marine fishing[J]. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 1995, 5(3): 205−232., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125257175298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=47, rfOrder=63, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Thomson E E. Impacts of summer hypoxia on benthic fauna and implications for fisheries productivity in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina[D]. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1998., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125328478467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=48, rfOrder=64, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=崔晓菁. 中国海洋资源开发现状与海洋综合管理策略[J]. 管理观察, 2019(17): 63−64., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125391393028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=48, rfOrder=65, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cui Xiaojing. Current situation of marine resources exploitation and comprehensive marine management strategy in China[J]. Management Observer, 2019(17): 63−64., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125462696197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=49, rfOrder=66, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王圣洁, 刘锡清, 戴勤奋, 等. 中国海砂资源分布特征及找矿方向[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2003, 23(3): 83−89., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125529805062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=49, rfOrder=67, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Shengjie, Liu Xiqing, Dai Qinfen, et al. Distribution characteristics of marine aggregate resources and potential prospect in China[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2003, 23(3): 83−89., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125601108231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=50, rfOrder=68, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曹雪晴, 张勇, 何拥军, 等. 中国近海建筑用海砂勘查回顾与面临的问题[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2008, 28(3): 121−125., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125668217096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=50, rfOrder=69, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cao Xueqing, Zhang Yong, He Yongjun, et al. Retrospect and discussion of surveys for construction sand in China offshore area[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2008, 28(3): 121−125., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125726937353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=51, rfOrder=70, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peduzzi P. Sand, rarer than one thinks[J]. Environmental Development, 2014, 11: 208−218., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125789851914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=52, rfOrder=71, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hwang S W, Lee H G, Choi K H, et al. Impact of sand extraction on fish assemblages in Gyeonggi Bay, Korea[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2014, 30(6): 1251−1259., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125852766475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=53, rfOrder=72, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rangel-Buitrago N, Neal W, Pilkey O, et al. The global impact of sand mining on beaches and dunes[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2023, 235: 106492., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125928263948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=54, rfOrder=73, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Masalu D C P. Coastal erosion and its social and environmental aspects in Tanzania: a case study in illegal sand mining[J]. Coastal Management, 2002, 30(4): 347−359., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091125995372813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=55, rfOrder=74, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Thornton E B, Sallenger A, Sesto J C, et al. Sand mining impacts on long-term dune erosion in southern Monterey Bay[J]. Marine Geology, 2006, 229(1/2): 45−58., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091128948162830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=56, rfOrder=75, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McLachlan A. Physical factors in benthic ecology: effects of changing sand particle size on beach fauna[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1996, 131: 205−217., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129036243215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=57, rfOrder=76, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Smith V H, Schindler D W. Eutrophication science: where do we go from here?[J]. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2009, 24(4): 201−207., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129107546384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=58, rfOrder=77, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Thushari G G N, Senevirathna J D M. Plastic pollution in the marine environment[J]. Heliyon, 2020, 6(8): e04709., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129191432465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=59, rfOrder=78, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peterson C H, Bishop M J. Assessing the environmental impacts of beach nourishment[J]. BioScience, 2005, 55(10): 887−896., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129250152722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=60, rfOrder=79, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国自然资源部. 海滩养护与修复技术指南: HY/T 255−2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129317261587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=60, rfOrder=80, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China. Technical guide for beach nourishment and restoration: HY/T 255−2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129392759060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=61, rfOrder=81, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wooldridge T, Henter H J, Kohn J R. Effects of beach replenishment on intertidal invertebrates: a 15-month, eight beach study[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2016, 175: 24−33., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129464062229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=62, rfOrder=82, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peterson C H, Bishop M J, D’Anna L M, et al. Multi-year persistence of beach habitat degradation from nourishment using coarse shelly sediments[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014, 487: 481−492., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129539559702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=63, rfOrder=83, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡锋. 中国海滩养护技术手册[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2015., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129610862871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=63, rfOrder=84, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai Feng. Chinese Beach Nourishment Manual[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2015., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129677971736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=64, rfOrder=85, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cooke B C, Jones A R, Goodwin I D, et al. Nourishment practices on Australian sandy beaches: a review[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2012, 113: 319−327., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129745080601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=65, rfOrder=86, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bird E, Lewis N. Beach Renourishment[M]. Cham: Springer, 2015., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129816383770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=66, rfOrder=87, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peterson C H, Summerson H C, Thomson E, et al. Synthesis of linkages between benthic and fish communities as a key to protecting essential fish habitat[J]. Bulletin of Marine Science, 2000, 66(3): 759−774., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129891881243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=67, rfOrder=88, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dean R G. Beach Nourishment: Theory and Practice[M]. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2002., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091129967378716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=68, rfOrder=89, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Menn I, Junghans C, Reise K. Buried alive: Effects of beach nourishment on the infauna of an erosive shore in the North Sea[J]. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 2003, 32(1/2): 125−145., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130038681885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=69, rfOrder=90, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McLachlan A, Brown A C. The Ecology of Sandy Shores[M]. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130109985054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=70, rfOrder=91, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Courtenay Jr W R, Harrema D J, Thompson M J, et al. Ecological monitoring of beach erosion control projects, Broward County, Florida, and adjacent areas[R]. Ft. Belvoir, VA: US Army Corps of Engineers, 1974., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130181288223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=71, rfOrder=92, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=雷刚, 刘根, 蔡锋. 厦门岛会展中心海滩养护及其对我国海岸防护的启示[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2013, 32(3): 305−315., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130256785696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=71, rfOrder=93, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lei Gang, Liu Gen, Cai Feng. Enlightenment to China’s coastal protection from the coast beach nourishment at Huizhan Zhongxin of Xiamen Island[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2013, 32(3): 305−315., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130328088865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=72, rfOrder=94, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Medina J R, Tintoré J, Duarte C M. Las praderas de Posidonia oceanica y la regeneración de playas[J]. Revista de Obras Publicas, 2001, 148(3409): 31−43., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130411974946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=73, rfOrder=95, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Benfield M C, Minello T J. Relative effects of turbidity and light intensity on reactive distance and feeding of an estuarine fish[J]. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 1996, 46(2): 211−216., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130483278115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=74, rfOrder=96, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Manning L M, Peterson C H, Bishop M J. Dominant macrobenthic populations experience sustained impacts from annual disposal of fine sediments on sandy beaches[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2014, 508: 1−15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130546192676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=75, rfOrder=97, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Saengsupavanich C, Pranzini E, Ariffin E H, et al. Jeopardizing the environment with beach nourishment[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 868: 161485., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130613301541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=76, rfOrder=98, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fisher L, Banks K, Gilliam D S, et al. Real-time coral stress observations before, during, and after beach nourishment dredging offshore SE Florida[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium. [S.l.: s.n.]: 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130676216102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=77, rfOrder=99, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Convertino M, Donoghue J F, Chu-Agor M L, et al. Anthropogenic renourishment feedback on shorebirds: a multispecies Bayesian perspective[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2011, 37(8): 1184−1194., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130747519271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=78, rfOrder=100, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Martin K L M, Adams L C. Effects of repeated sand replenishment projects on runs of a beach-spawning fish, the California grunion[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2020, 8(3): 178., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130823016744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=79, rfOrder=101, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Montague C L. Recovering the sand deficit from a century of dredging and jetties along Florida’s Atlantic coast: a reevaluation of beach nourishment as an essential tool for ecological conservation[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2008, 24(4): 899−916., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130906902825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=80, rfOrder=102, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nelson D A, Dickerson D D. Effects of beach nourishment on sea turtles[C]//Proceedings of the 1st Beach Preservation Technology Conference. Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Shore & Beach Preservation Association, Inc. , 1988., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091130994983210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=81, rfOrder=103, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Raymond P W. The effects of beach restoration on marine Turtles Nesting in South Brevard County, Florida[D]. Orlando: University of Central Florida, 1984., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131066286379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=82, rfOrder=104, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Burney C, Mattison C. The effects of egg relocation and beach nourishment on the nesting and hatching of Caretta caretta in Broward County, Florida, 1991. [C]//Proceedings of the Fifth Annual National Conference on Beach Preservation Technology. Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Shore and Beach Preservation Assessment, 1992: 395−407., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131179532588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=83, rfOrder=105, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Grain D A, Bolten A B, Bjorndal K A. Effects of beach nourishment on sea turtles: review and research initiatives[J]. Restoration Ecology, 1995, 3(2): 95−104., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131255030061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=84, rfOrder=106, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Holloman K T, Godfrey M H. 2006 Sea turtle monitoring project report Bogue Banks, North Carolina[R]. Raleigh: North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131426996526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=85, rfOrder=107, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rumbold D G, Davis P W, Perretta C. Estimating the effect of beach nourishment on Caretta caretta (loggerhead sea turtle) nesting[J]. Restoration Ecology, 2001, 9(3): 304−310., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131540242735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=86, rfOrder=108, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Leewis L, van Bodegom P M, Rozema J, et al. Does beach nourishment have long-term effects on intertidal macroinvertebrate species abundance?[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2012, 113: 172−181., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131615740208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=87, rfOrder=109, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peterson C H, Bishop M J, Johnson G A, et al. Exploiting beach filling as an unaffordable experiment: benthic intertidal impacts propagating upwards to shorebirds[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2006, 338(2): 205−221., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131674460465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=88, rfOrder=110, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Adriaanse L A, Coosen J. Beach and dune nourishment and environmental aspects[J]. Coastal Engineering, 1991, 16(1): 129−146., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131733180722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=89, rfOrder=111, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Roig F X, Rodríguez-Perea A, Martín-Prieto J A, et al. Soft management of beach-dune systems as a tool for their sustainability[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2009(S56): 1284−1288., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131808678195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=90, rfOrder=112, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏伟, 张一康, 张忠起, 等. 借用自然力量应对极端风暴的韧性设计——珠海香炉湾沙滩景观带[J]. 风景园林, 2020, 27(12): 80−84., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131884175668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=90, rfOrder=113, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Wei, Zhang Yikang, Zhang Zhongqi, et al. Resilient design by natural methods in response to extreme storms: the landscape belt of Xianglu Bay beach in Zhuhai[J]. Landscape Architecture, 2020, 27(12): 80−84., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091131959673141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=91, rfOrder=114, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jones A R, Murray A, Lasiak T A, et al. The effects of beach nourishment on the sandy-beach amphipod Exoediceros fossor: impact and recovery in Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia[J]. Marine Ecology, 2008, 29(S1): 28−36., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133008249142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=92, rfOrder=115, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schlacher T A, Noriega R, Jones A, et al. The effects of beach nourishment on benthic invertebrates in eastern Australia: impacts and variable recovery[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2012, 435−436: 411−417., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133096329527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=93, rfOrder=116, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zeiler M, Figge K, Griewatsch K, et al. Regenerierung von materialentnahmestellen in Nord-und Ostsee[J]. Die Küste, 2004, 68: 67−98., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133167632696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=94, rfOrder=117, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Greene K. Beach nourishment: a review of the biological and physical impacts[R]. Washington: Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, 2002., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133272490297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=95, rfOrder=118, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=De Jong M F, Baptist M J, Lindeboom H J, et al. Short-term impact of deep sand extraction and ecosystem-based landscaping on macrozoobenthos and sediment characteristics[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015, 97(1/2): 294−308., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133352182074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=96, rfOrder=119, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pranzini E, Anfuso G, Muñoz-Perez J J. A probabilistic approach to borrow sediment selection in beach nourishment projects[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2018, 139: 32−35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133427679547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=97, rfOrder=120, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Quammen M L. Influence of subtle substrate differences on feeding by shorebirds on intertidal mudflats[J]. Marine Biology, 1982, 71(3): 339−343., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133498982716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=98, rfOrder=121, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Foteinis S, Kallithrakas-Kontos N G, Synolakis C. Heavy metal distribution in opportunistic beach nourishment: a case study in Greece[J]. The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 2013: 472149., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133566091581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=99, rfOrder=122, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McLachlan A, Defeo O. The Ecology of Sandy Shores[M]. 3rd ed. London: Academic Press, 2018., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133637394750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=100, rfOrder=123, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stive M J F, De Schipper M A, Luijendijk A P, et al. A new alternative to saving our beaches from sea-level rise: the sand engine[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2013, 29(5): 1001−1008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133704503615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=101, rfOrder=124, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Van Egmond E M, Van Bodegom P M, Berg M P, et al. A mega-nourishment creates novel habitat for intertidal macroinvertebrates by enhancing habitat relief of the sandy beach[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2018, 207: 232−241., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133784195392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=102, rfOrder=125, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rosov B, Bush S, Briggs T R, et al. The state of understanding the impacts of beach nourishment activities on infaunal communities[J]. Shore & Beach, 2016, 84(3): 4−8., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133847109953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=103, rfOrder=126, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rakocinski C F, Heard R W, LeCroy S E, et al. Responses by macrobenthic assemblages to extensive beach restoration at Perdido Key, Florida, U. S. A.[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 1996, 12(1): 326−353., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133922607426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=104, rfOrder=127, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Janssen G, Mulder S. Zonation of macrofauna across sandy beaches and surf zones along the Dutch coast[J]. Oceanologia, 2005, 47(2): 265−282., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091133981327683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=105, rfOrder=128, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李发明, 聂光裕, 周军, 等. 粤东海岸带生态系统现状及其生态保护修复[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2021, 38(10): 75−81., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134040047940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=105, rfOrder=129, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Faming, Nie Guangyu, Zhou Jun, et al. Status of coastal ecosystem and its ecological restoration in the east of Guangdong Province[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2021, 38(10): 75−81., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134102962501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=106, rfOrder=130, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nordstrom K F. Beach and Dune Restoration[M]. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134178459974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=107, rfOrder=131, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kindeberg T, Almström B, Skoog M, et al. Toward a multifunctional nature-based coastal defense: a review of the interaction between beach nourishment and ecological restoration[J]. Nordic Journal of Botany, 2023, 2023(1): e03751., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134245568839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=108, rfOrder=132, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cooke B C, Morton J K, Baldry A, et al. Backshore nourishment of a beach degraded by off-road vehicles: ecological impacts and benefits[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 724: 138115., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134312677704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=109, rfOrder=133, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国自然资源部. 海滩后滨沙地植被修复技术方法: HY/T 0304−2021[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134375592265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=109, rfOrder=134, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China. Technology method of vegetation restoration in backshore sandy landforms: HY/T 0304−2021[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134446895434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=110, rfOrder=135, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Charbonneau B R, Cochran C, Avenarius C. What we know and what we think we know: Revealing misconceptions about coastal management for sandy beaches along the U. S. Atlantic Seaboard[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 245: 131−142., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134509809995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=111, rfOrder=136, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McLachlan A. Ecology of coastal dune fauna[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 1991, 21(2): 229−243., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134585307468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=112, rfOrder=137, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stienen E W M, Schekkerman H. Statistische analyse van de verspreiding en de broedresultaten van kustbroedvogels in het Deltagebied: relaties met habitatkenmerken, predatiedruk en toerisme[R]. Wageningen: Alterra, 2000., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200091134660804941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=113, rfOrder=138, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jones K, Hanna E. Design and implementation of an ecological engineering approach to coastal restoration at Loyola Beach, Kleberg County, Texas[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2004, 22(4/5): 249−261., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1200091117170557046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, awardId=2022YFC3106104, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2022YFC3106104), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200091110820381627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110832964541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110837158846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110820381627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200091110933627840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110937822145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110933627840, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091110946210753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091110933627840, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200091111025902532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091111072039876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091111025902532, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200091111080428485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, companyId=1200091111025902532, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国海洋大学 工程学院,山东 青岛 266100)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200091115253760046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Sketch of beach ecosystem, figureFileSmall=Sdose1Yt18tCVscs3RT7oQ==, figureFileBig=CfzD/P3IfAjZrWQ0O6fv7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091115362811957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=图1, caption=海滩生态系统示意图, figureFileSmall=Sdose1Yt18tCVscs3RT7oQ==, figureFileBig=CfzD/P3IfAjZrWQ0O6fv7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091115492835386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Common damage to beach ecosystem, figureFileSmall=J4O2ziPn5jmnmayAcYg4AQ==, figureFileBig=w8JnNgwsAWhvAl79upCK+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091115580915773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=图2, caption=海滩生态系统常见受损情况, figureFileSmall=J4O2ziPn5jmnmayAcYg4AQ==, figureFileBig=w8JnNgwsAWhvAl79upCK+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091115668996160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Damage and harm to beach ecosystem, figureFileSmall=JmYYGjNJtKlFHfuDOIKOBA==, figureFileBig=V+JVnidXLO0CoLLIy8Jl8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091115752882243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=图3, caption=海滩生态系统受损及危害, figureFileSmall=JmYYGjNJtKlFHfuDOIKOBA==, figureFileBig=V+JVnidXLO0CoLLIy8Jl8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091115908071496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Temporal and spatial effects of beach nourishment on beach ecosystem, figureFileSmall=pL7uOeTa6P2crK3957NQ/w==, figureFileBig=TPpSe1nS/R1sfn6gX3zTRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091116004540492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=图4, caption=海滩养护对海滩生态系统的时空影响, figureFileSmall=pL7uOeTa6P2crK3957NQ/w==, figureFileBig=TPpSe1nS/R1sfn6gX3zTRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091116121981006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Construction period ecological impacts of beach nourishment, figureFileSmall=nmJQcstVT6ra4fTgTvMX0Q==, figureFileBig=hc1xySHeGwhPzQn76Sc6mA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091116205867089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=图5, caption=海滩养护施工期生态影响, figureFileSmall=nmJQcstVT6ra4fTgTvMX0Q==, figureFileBig=hc1xySHeGwhPzQn76Sc6mA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091116277170261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Effects of sediment particle size on beach fauna (modified from the reference [21]), figureFileSmall=PBaD7yGzCp1p5+FNV+2MNQ==, figureFileBig=OZBLZh45IEdTE4yLyChWAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091116365250649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=图6, caption=沉积物粒径对海滩动物的影响 (根据文献[21]修改), figureFileSmall=PBaD7yGzCp1p5+FNV+2MNQ==, figureFileBig=OZBLZh45IEdTE4yLyChWAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200091116444942429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Beach ecosystem service functions (cited from the reference [31])

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
功能分类 生态系统服务功能 沙丘 海滩 激浪带
供给 (生物) 为了营养目的原位养殖的动物
用于营养的野生植物(陆生和水生,包括真菌、藻类)
直接使用或加工的野生植物纤维及其他原料(不包括遗传物质)
用于营养的野生动物(陆生和水生)
直接使用或加工的野生动物纤维及其他原料(不包括遗传物质)
为维持或建立种群而收集的种子、孢子和其他植物材料
为维持或建立种群而收集的动物材料
供给 (非生物) 可饮用的地表水
用于原料的地下水(非饮用目的)
用于能源的海水
可饮用的地下水
用于营养目的的矿物质
用作原料的矿物质
用于营养目的的非矿物质或生态系统物质
用于原料的非矿物质
太阳能
调节和维持(生物) 微生物、藻类、动植物的生物修复
微生物、藻类、动植物的过滤/封存/储存/积累
气味减少
噪声衰减
视觉遮蔽
控制侵蚀速率
质量运动的缓冲和衰减
水文循环和水流调节(包括防洪和海岸保护)
防风
授粉(或在海洋环境中的配子传播)
种子传播
保持幼小种群和栖息地(包括基因库的保护)
风化过程及其对泥土质量的影响
泥土分解固定过程及其对泥土质量的影响
通过生物过程调节海水的化学条件
大气和海洋化学组分的调节
调节温度和湿度,包括通风和蒸发作用
调节和维持(非生物) 淡水和海洋生态系统的稀释
通过其他化学或物理手段的调节(如过滤、封存、储存或积累)
调节和维持(非生物) 通过非生物结构或过程对损害的调节
质量流动
液体流动
气体流动
通过无机的自然的化学或物理过程维持或调节
其他:种子、幼体和配子通过物理过程传播
文化 (生物) 通过主动或沉浸式互动,实现促进健康、恢复或享受的活动
通过被动或观察互动,实现促进健康、恢复或享受的活动
能够进行科学调查或创造传统生态知识的活动
教育和培训
文化或遗产上有共鸣的活动
审美体验
具有象征意义的元素
具有神圣或宗教意义的元素
用于娱乐或代表意义的元素
存在价值
选择价值或遗赠价值
文化 (非生物) 能够进行主动或被动的物理和经验的相互作用
能够进行思维的相互作用
能够进行精神的、象征性的和其他的相互作用
具有存在、选择或遗产价值的自然特征
), ArticleFig(id=1200091116537217119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

海滩生态系统服务功能(引自文献[31])

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
功能分类 生态系统服务功能 沙丘 海滩 激浪带
供给 (生物) 为了营养目的原位养殖的动物
用于营养的野生植物(陆生和水生,包括真菌、藻类)
直接使用或加工的野生植物纤维及其他原料(不包括遗传物质)
用于营养的野生动物(陆生和水生)
直接使用或加工的野生动物纤维及其他原料(不包括遗传物质)
为维持或建立种群而收集的种子、孢子和其他植物材料
为维持或建立种群而收集的动物材料
供给 (非生物) 可饮用的地表水
用于原料的地下水(非饮用目的)
用于能源的海水
可饮用的地下水
用于营养目的的矿物质
用作原料的矿物质
用于营养目的的非矿物质或生态系统物质
用于原料的非矿物质
太阳能
调节和维持(生物) 微生物、藻类、动植物的生物修复
微生物、藻类、动植物的过滤/封存/储存/积累
气味减少
噪声衰减
视觉遮蔽
控制侵蚀速率
质量运动的缓冲和衰减
水文循环和水流调节(包括防洪和海岸保护)
防风
授粉(或在海洋环境中的配子传播)
种子传播
保持幼小种群和栖息地(包括基因库的保护)
风化过程及其对泥土质量的影响
泥土分解固定过程及其对泥土质量的影响
通过生物过程调节海水的化学条件
大气和海洋化学组分的调节
调节温度和湿度,包括通风和蒸发作用
调节和维持(非生物) 淡水和海洋生态系统的稀释
通过其他化学或物理手段的调节(如过滤、封存、储存或积累)
调节和维持(非生物) 通过非生物结构或过程对损害的调节
质量流动
液体流动
气体流动
通过无机的自然的化学或物理过程维持或调节
其他:种子、幼体和配子通过物理过程传播
文化 (生物) 通过主动或沉浸式互动,实现促进健康、恢复或享受的活动
通过被动或观察互动,实现促进健康、恢复或享受的活动
能够进行科学调查或创造传统生态知识的活动
教育和培训
文化或遗产上有共鸣的活动
审美体验
具有象征意义的元素
具有神圣或宗教意义的元素
用于娱乐或代表意义的元素
存在价值
选择价值或遗赠价值
文化 (非生物) 能够进行主动或被动的物理和经验的相互作用
能够进行思维的相互作用
能够进行精神的、象征性的和其他的相互作用
具有存在、选择或遗产价值的自然特征
), ArticleFig(id=1200091116650463334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Typical beach nourishment cases

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
养护工程 生态影响 恢复时间 恢复程度 参考文献
澳大利亚新南威尔士州
博塔尼湾海滩养护
工程结束后采样无Exoediceros fossor生物;沉积物变化不大,生物恢复在1年内完成 1年 恢复在几周内开始,以时空相互作用为标准,恢复在1年内完成 文献[91]
澳大利亚东部棕榈
海滩养护
工程完成5个月后,沉积物粒度恢复,但只限于海滩的中层和上层,下层沉积物会变粗。养护的影响大小在
潮间带梯度上是不均匀的,对靠近沙丘的
海滩上层影响要大得多
5个月 海滩的上层没有恢复,仍然是生物稀少的。在中层和下层,恢复正在进行,物种丰富度恢复完全,但丰度恢复不完全 文献[92]
雷洛萨海滩沙丘恢复 降低了海岸侵蚀的影响,海滩变得更平坦;人工沙丘的潮间带动物群落密度较潮上带的更高(F = 3.56,p = 0.063),在某种程度上沙丘恢复工程有利于潮间带生物。对比天然沙丘,欧洲沙蚤(Talitrus saltator)的丰度在重建沙丘处明显降低(F = 7.63,p = 0.007) 4年 沙丘重建的影响在第3年仍然可见,
但在第4年完全消失
文献[7]
美国加利福尼亚州圣迭戈县8个海滩补沙工程 补沙后1个月,所有无脊椎动物的密度都有所降低,特别是多毛类,减少了2/3。沙蟹(Emerita analoga)在补沙后4个月大量繁殖,在补沙地方变得更常见 1年3个月 补沙15个月后,补沙对生物多样性指标
的影响消失
文献[61]
), ArticleFig(id=1200091116759515239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

典型海滩养护案例

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
养护工程 生态影响 恢复时间 恢复程度 参考文献
澳大利亚新南威尔士州
博塔尼湾海滩养护
工程结束后采样无Exoediceros fossor生物;沉积物变化不大,生物恢复在1年内完成 1年 恢复在几周内开始,以时空相互作用为标准,恢复在1年内完成 文献[91]
澳大利亚东部棕榈
海滩养护
工程完成5个月后,沉积物粒度恢复,但只限于海滩的中层和上层,下层沉积物会变粗。养护的影响大小在
潮间带梯度上是不均匀的,对靠近沙丘的
海滩上层影响要大得多
5个月 海滩的上层没有恢复,仍然是生物稀少的。在中层和下层,恢复正在进行,物种丰富度恢复完全,但丰度恢复不完全 文献[92]
雷洛萨海滩沙丘恢复 降低了海岸侵蚀的影响,海滩变得更平坦;人工沙丘的潮间带动物群落密度较潮上带的更高(F = 3.56,p = 0.063),在某种程度上沙丘恢复工程有利于潮间带生物。对比天然沙丘,欧洲沙蚤(Talitrus saltator)的丰度在重建沙丘处明显降低(F = 7.63,p = 0.007) 4年 沙丘重建的影响在第3年仍然可见,
但在第4年完全消失
文献[7]
美国加利福尼亚州圣迭戈县8个海滩补沙工程 补沙后1个月,所有无脊椎动物的密度都有所降低,特别是多毛类,减少了2/3。沙蟹(Emerita analoga)在补沙后4个月大量繁殖,在补沙地方变得更常见 1年3个月 补沙15个月后,补沙对生物多样性指标
的影响消失
文献[61]
), ArticleFig(id=1200091116864372843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Beach nourishment sediment properties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
沉积物性质 选择 影响 参考文献
粒径 接近或略粗于
天然砂
粒径与稳定性有关,填砂粒径细于天然砂可能会导致生物缺乏氧气而窒息死亡,干滩面积减小;
粗于天然砂可能会阻碍鸟类和鱼类进食,并导致潮间带淤积
文献[21, 97]
泥球 尽量少 与海水浊度有关,浊度升高会阻碍视觉捕食者的捕食,对邻近珊瑚礁生态系统造成不利影响 文献[73]
贝壳碎片 尽量少 影响海滩潮间带底栖动物的掘穴能力,并可能导致较低的生物密度 文献[66]
化学毒性 无化学毒性的砂 细粒沉积物可能被重金属或合成有机化合物污染,可能对沉降的幼体或海滩无脊椎动物
的后期生命阶段产生毒性
文献[98]
材料 硅酸盐等耐磨损材料 耐磨损材料能保证更长的耐久性,并防止近岸水浑浊 文献[96]
颜色 与天然砂相同 既保护景观,也避免对地表或地下生活和筑巢的动物造成影响 文献[75]
), ArticleFig(id=1200091116960841841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1149651085930835976, articleId=1200024646344082258, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

海滩养护填砂沉积物性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
沉积物性质 选择 影响 参考文献
粒径 接近或略粗于
天然砂
粒径与稳定性有关,填砂粒径细于天然砂可能会导致生物缺乏氧气而窒息死亡,干滩面积减小;
粗于天然砂可能会阻碍鸟类和鱼类进食,并导致潮间带淤积
文献[21, 97]
泥球 尽量少 与海水浊度有关,浊度升高会阻碍视觉捕食者的捕食,对邻近珊瑚礁生态系统造成不利影响 文献[73]
贝壳碎片 尽量少 影响海滩潮间带底栖动物的掘穴能力,并可能导致较低的生物密度 文献[66]
化学毒性 无化学毒性的砂 细粒沉积物可能被重金属或合成有机化合物污染,可能对沉降的幼体或海滩无脊椎动物
的后期生命阶段产生毒性
文献[98]
材料 硅酸盐等耐磨损材料 耐磨损材料能保证更长的耐久性,并防止近岸水浑浊 文献[96]
颜色 与天然砂相同 既保护景观,也避免对地表或地下生活和筑巢的动物造成影响 文献[75]
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441459026210850, delFlag=0, nameCn=海洋学报, nameEn=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-4193, eissn=null, cn=11-2055/P, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=否, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262543687, updatedTime=1761729782936, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=Natural Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, picEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190344242636624294, language=CN, name=海洋学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, createdTime=1761729782971, updatedTime=1761729782971, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190344242712121767, language=EN, name=Haiyang Xuebao, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.aosocean.com/, createdTime=1761729782989, updatedTime=1761729782989, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/author/login.aspx, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/login.aspx, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.hyxb.org.cn/aos/ch/auditor/login.aspx, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1149651085930835976, websiteList=[Website(id=1188165202219512001, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761210259251, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210330879, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=海洋学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166688563413602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210613623, updateTime=1761210613623, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688538247775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210613617, updateTime=1761210613617, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688529859166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210613615, updateTime=1761210613615, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688555024993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761210613621, updateTime=1761210613621, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688546636384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761210613619, updateTime=1761210613619, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688575996515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210613626, updateTime=1761210613626, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166688596968036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202219512001, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210613631, updateTime=1761210613631, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1188165202282426564, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1149651085930835976, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761210259266, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761210377920, updateBy=18614031015, name=海洋学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Haiyang Xuebao, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1188166798101856873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761210639739, updateTime=1761210639739, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798076691046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761210639733, updateTime=1761210639733, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798068302437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=BDEio/cxHnid8OD4QxrAYQ==, createTime=1761210639731, updateTime=1761210639731, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798093468264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761210639737, updateTime=1761210639737, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798085079655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761210639735, updateTime=1761210639735, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798106051178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761210639740, updateTime=1761210639740, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1188166798110245483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1188165202282426564, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761210639741, updateTime=1761210639741, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=海洋学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.hyxbocean.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Haiyang Xuebao, journalPhotoCn=uYi7hkkrve+l8pIcwqcaQQ==, journalPhotoEn=C0WLQb7uW3ok8EkkVOAGuw==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2024024, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/10.12284/hyxb2024024, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2024024, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/EN/PDF/10.12284/hyxb2024024, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
海滩养护对海滩生态系统的多尺度影响述评
收藏切换
PDF下载
戚洪帅 1, 2 , 曾舒婷 1 , 陈敏 1 , 蔡锋 1, 2 , 梁丙臣 3 , 柳莎莎 1
海洋学报 | 综述 2024,46(1): 12-26
收起
收藏切换
海洋学报 | 综述 2024, 46(1): 12-26
海滩养护对海滩生态系统的多尺度影响述评
全屏
戚洪帅1, 2 , 曾舒婷1, 陈敏1, 蔡锋1, 2, 梁丙臣3, 柳莎莎1
作者信息
  • 1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005
  • 2.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005
  • 3.中国海洋大学 工程学院,山东 青岛 266100
  • 戚洪帅(1980—),男,山东省日照市人,研究员,主要从事海洋生态修复和海滩养护技术等相关领域研究。E-mail:

Multi-scale impacts on beach ecosystem of beach nourishment: a review
Hongshuai Qi1, 2 , Shuting Zeng1, Min Chen1, Feng Cai1, 2, Bingchen Liang3, Shasha Liu1
Affiliations
  • 1. Laboratory of Ocean and Coast Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
  • 2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China
  • 3. College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
出版时间: 2024-01-31 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2024024
文章导航
收藏切换

海滩是常见且脆弱的滨海生态系统,具有极大的生态服务功能。受气候变化和人类活动的多重影响,海滩生态系统受损严重。海滩养护是利用人工补沙的方式对海滩地貌进行修复,是抵御海岸侵蚀和改善海滩环境的有效措施,以往的养护往往忽略了对海滩生态系统的影响,许多研究表明海滩养护对海滩生态系统会产生多方面、多尺度的复杂影响。本文在总结前人研究的基础上,梳理出海滩生态系统的构成、特点和功能,分析了海滩生态受损的基本特征,对海滩养护对海滩生态系统多尺度影响过程及影响机制进行了重点述评,并从降低负面生态影响角度给出了海滩养护技术优化方法,以支撑海滩生态系统适应性管理和可持续利用。

海滩生态系统  /  海滩养护  /  生态影响

Beach is a common and vulnerable coastal ecosystem with huge ecological service functions. Due to the multiple impacts of climate change and human activities, beach ecosystem has been seriously damaged. Beach nourishment is an effective approach to prevent coastal erosion and improve the beach environment by using sand replenishment to restore beach morphology. Previous nourishments have often neglected the impacts on beach ecosystem. Many studies show that beach nourishment have multifaceted, multi-scale and complex impacts on beach ecosystem. Based on reviewing previous researches, the compositions, characteristics and functions of beach ecosystem are summarized. The basic characteristics of beach ecological damage, the impact process and mechanism of beach nourishment on beach ecosystem at various scales are analyzed. Then, some adaptive measures for beach nourishment are suggested from the perspective of reducing negative ecological impacts, which would support coastal management and sustainable utilization of beach.

beach ecosystem  /  beach nourishment  /  ecological impacts
戚洪帅, 曾舒婷, 陈敏, 蔡锋, 梁丙臣, 柳莎莎. 海滩养护对海滩生态系统的多尺度影响述评. 海洋学报, 2024 , 46 (1) : 12 -26 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2024024
Hongshuai Qi, Shuting Zeng, Min Chen, Feng Cai, Bingchen Liang, Shasha Liu. Multi-scale impacts on beach ecosystem of beach nourishment: a review[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2024 , 46 (1) : 12 -26 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2024024
海滩生态系统是由海滩地貌、水体、生物、气候气象、人文等多种资源要素组成的集合体[1],不仅为生物提供了食物和栖息地,还为人类提供了休闲娱乐的场所,同时还是风暴潮的缓冲地带,具有多方面的综合价值[23]。20世纪80年代以来,随着人口增长和城市化发展等社会因素,海滩被大量开发。与此同时,伴随着海岸侵蚀、海平面上升和全球气候变暖等环境因素,海滩生态系统承载着巨大的压力[46]。为了减缓这一趋势,有效的海岸防护和海滩管理是必要的[7]
早期,常通过构筑防波堤、丁坝、海堤等硬式护岸措施来抵御海岸侵蚀。研究表明硬式防护措施在缓解海岸侵蚀中可持续性差,并且不具备生态服务功能,对环境和生物多样性会产生不同程度的负面影响[810]。而海滩养护是保护海岸和抵御海岸侵蚀的最自然、最简单的手段,是有效的环境友好的软式护岸措施,且经过一段时间可恢复到自然状态[11]。海滩养护不仅可以增强海岸防护,还可以修复滨海旅游沙滩并改善海岸生态环境和景观[1213]。海滩养护技术作为砂质海岸修复的最佳方式,被世界各国广泛应用,我国近20年已开展海滩养护工程百余项[14]
海滩养护往往倾向于关注其物理、地貌方面的呈现[1516],研究内容主要涉及海滩养护选址、养护技术和跟踪监测等,而忽略了海滩生态系统的生态影响[7],对于海滩养护的生态影响及成效评估等研究较为薄弱[17]。总体看来,研究者对海滩生态系统的研究相对较少,对海滩生态系统的定义还不清晰。对于海滩养护生态影响的关注重点在短中期的影响,长期的生态影响较少涉及,缺乏对海滩养护生态影响的多尺度认识。本文基于前人的研究,总结梳理海滩生态系统的含义、特点、功能、生态受损原因和方式,系统总结海滩养护的时间和空间尺度生态影响,从降低负面生态影响角度给出了海滩养护技术优化方法,以支撑海滩生态系统适应性管理和可持续发展。
生态系统指在自然界一定空间内,生物与环境构成的统一整体,在这个统一整体中,生物与环境之间相互影响、相互制约,并在一定时期内处于相对稳定的动态平衡状态。生态系统的组成成分包括生产者、消费者、分解者以及非生物的物质和能量[18]。海滩生态系统是处于浅海与陆地交界区域的生态系统,范围从近岸水深6~8 m的水域延伸到沙丘或植被(包括修复后的人工植被),海滩形成滨海活动区的核心[19],一般由浮游生物、海草、底栖微藻、底栖动物、鸟类、大型动物、微生物等生物组分以及阳光、水分、无机盐、有机质、沉积物等非生物物质和能量所构成(图1)。
海滩是一种动态的环境,具有独特的流动性,其生境物理结构由沉积物、波浪和潮汐相互作用决定[3, 20]。而海滩生态系统的结构由沉积物特性、地形、水动力和生物间相互作用所塑造[21]。海滩生态系统处于浅海与陆地交界区域,受到海洋和陆地的双重影响,其环境复杂多变,是脆弱的生态敏感区[3, 2223],尤其是沙丘和潮上带生境弹性较差[24]。同时,海滩生态系统受人类活动影响较大,人类活动主要包括密集旅游、围填海、滨海采砂、不合理的海岸工程等。
海滩生态系统拥有丰富多样的生物群落[25],其群落结构的控制因素多是物理环境而不是生物相互作用[26],生物分布受沉积物湿度和暴露于空气的时间影响呈横向梯度分布[27]。海滩生态系统的初级生产力(以碳计)很低,通常不超过15 g/(m²·a),底栖微藻(底栖硅藻、甲藻和蓝绿藻等)和浮游植物为初级生产者[18]。食物来源严重依赖海洋投入,主要是激浪带初级产品(大型植物、腐肉、碎屑颗粒)、溶解的有机质和陆源输入(植物枯落物)[2829]。海滩生态系统中消费者主要为底栖动物、鱼类和鸟类,其中底栖动物大部分为无脊椎动物,常见的门类包括环节动物(Annelida)、软体动物(Mollusk)和节肢动物(Arthropod)。细菌为分解者,分解有机物促进物质循环。
海滩生态系统具有生态、经济、社会等多方面的功能和价值。看似只是人类休闲娱乐的场所,实际上,它提供了许多除娱乐功能以外的未被重视的生态系统服务功能[30]。海滩生态系统服务功能可分为3大类(表1):(1)供给功能:能为人类提供各种资源和物质,为生物提供栖息地和食物能量来源,产生并维持生物多样性[5, 32];(2)调节和维持功能:调节水体、气体和气候,包括沉积物和滤食性生物群对水的过滤、海水对污染物的稀释以及有机物质的分解和有害气体的吸收,也具有防风固沙和海岸防护等功能[5, 33];(3)文化功能:开展以娱乐、提升精神和才智为目的的活动,与海滩相关的艺术作品和文学作品等元素具有宗教、象征、文化、表现和遗产价值,海滩还是科研教育领域的重要研究对象,在支持科学和传统生态知识创造方面有一定的潜力[34]
海滩提供的服务主要涉及食物和营养(水产养殖和渔业)、阳光(用于植物光合作用和人类补充维生素D)和收集动物材料用于纤维或其他材料(用于工艺品和珠宝的贝壳)。海滩还提供矿物和非矿物资源(建筑用砂、硅、长石等),在某些情况下,还抽取其地下水供饮用[33]。激浪带也有类似的服务功能,通过脱盐等工序将海水淡化为可饮用的水,提供大型动物和鱼类食物和用作加工的材料,同时还是鱼类和无脊椎动物的育苗场所。沙丘在海岸保护中发挥着关键作用,其特性包括物质流动和液体流动,可以减弱噪声和视觉干扰,缓冲温度、湿度和风的影响。沙丘的生物供应更多地涉及野生植物,例如某些浆果和多肉植物以及纤维和其他材料,例如用于工艺品的沙丘草[31]。沙丘还是海龟、滨鸟、鲎和一些无脊椎动物的产卵地和孵化地,并有助于授粉和种子传播[3]
长期以来,人类只重视对海滩资源的开发与利用,忽略了海滩生态系统的保护和环境的维护,导致生态环境问题日益突出[35]。导致海滩生态系统受损的原因包括海岸侵蚀、海洋排污、资源过度开发和采砂等(图2),海滩功能减弱和生态系统退化会造成较大的危害(图3)。
海岸侵蚀是造成海滩退化的主要原因,也是海滩生态系统面临的较大威胁。造成海岸侵蚀的原因有全球气候变化、海平面上升和风暴潮加剧等自然因素,也有近岸采砂和不合理的海岸工程建设等人为因素[36]。岸线的后退直接使生物栖息地减少,对海滩生物造成负面影响。而有的岸段表现为滩面沉积物的粗化[37],沉积物粒径的改变会造成区域内的生物群落发生改变或生物变少。
海洋污染是海洋中常见的生态环境问题,主要表现为重金属污染、富营养化、塑料污染和石油污染等[38]。污染源通常来自陆源污染、海水养殖、海洋倾废、不合理的海洋工程、石油泄漏等,其中陆源污染是主要污染源[39]。海洋污染会损害海洋生态系统、破坏生态平衡、侵害海洋生物和水质环境[40]。重金属会在藻类生物和沉积物中累积[4142],通过食物链的效应,最终危害人类健康。同时,有机污染物还会造成栖息地质量下降,生物多样性减少[43]。石油泄漏对海洋生态系统的影响,不仅包括污染物富集或扩散后对生物和环境的破坏,还包括与污染相关的二次污染和间接危害,如水文变化等[44]。由于埋在海滩上的石油改变了沉积物的物理特性、堵塞了间隙、减少了水流和氧气供应,污染区域内生物常常因缺氧而死亡。在一项长达16年的调查中发现加拿大纽芬兰海滩上所有死鸟中有62%的羽毛上有石油[45]
随着沿海人口增长和社会经济发展,人类对自然资源的需求增多,海洋渔业资源和空间资源被大量开发。过度捕捞会导致渔业资源的不可持续发展,同时在捕捞的过程中,拖网、挖泥等行为会破坏底栖生物生境[4647],一些敏感的海洋生物也会受到影响[46]。人类滨海休闲娱乐活动的增加,促进经济发展的同时也使海滩承载了巨大的压力。由于海洋资源的供求不平衡,加上人类缺乏对资源的正确认识和合理管理,大部分人也未形成保护海洋的意识,从而导致资源的破坏和短缺[31, 48]
人类从海岸带或近岸浅海采砂用于海洋工程或经脱盐处理后用于建筑,以粗中砂为主[4950]。砂和砾石是继水资源之后全球第二高的原材料开采量[51]。采砂活动不仅会对海岸和海洋环境的生物组分造成不可逆转的破坏,还会破坏整个海滩生态系统。Hwang等[52]研究发现采砂会导致鱼类群体的丰度和物种多样性下降。海岸采砂的大多数影响都显而易见(例如,植被覆盖的丧失、地形扰动)[53]。最直接的影响是破坏了沉积物的收支平衡,可能会加剧岸线侵蚀[5455]。同时,还可能改变沉积物的粒径,在波浪和潮汐的影响下,继而改变海滩剖面形态,由于生境的改变,间接地改变了底栖生物的群落结构[56]。然而,有很多影响并不明显,需要一段时间才能显现(例如,食物网的变化)[53]
海滩养护是将沉积物通过人工手段搬运到海岸指定位置,以增加平均高潮位以上海滩宽度,恢复海滩功能[60]。许多研究表明短期内海滩养护的生态影响大多是负面的,可能会干扰生物生长繁殖,并破坏海洋沿岸的栖息地[6162]。长期来看,海滩养护对环境和生物具有较大的益处,海滩面积增加可以为多种生物提供更多栖息地,最终形成稳定的、具有良好生物多样性的海滩生态系统[6365]图4)。
施工会破坏沙丘植被[66]。养护区填砂对底栖生物进行直接掩埋,导致底栖生物死亡[67]。借沙区的大型动物通常在挖沙过程中也会完全死亡[68]。若沉积物性质改变,可能不再适宜原生物种的生存,从而改变底栖生物群落结构[21]
海滩潮间带是许多鱼类重要的栖息地,作为幼鱼育苗区或觅食场所[69],施工过程中的强烈物理干扰会降低栖息地价值和社会经济价值[66]。虽然鱼类的自然可变性和能动性可使其躲避潜在的负面环境[70],但底栖生物的减少会通过食物链的效应降低鱼类的摄食效率[66]
施工过程中底泥和底沙的搅动,会产生大量悬浮物,水体浑浊度增加,阳光的透射率降低,从而阻碍了浮游植物和海草进行光合作用,导致植物死亡的同时也影响生态系统的初级生产力[7172],海水浊度的增加会阻碍视觉捕食者的摄食[73]。悬浮物还会堵塞滤食性无脊椎动物(如蛤蜊)的进食[21, 74]。浊度增加会对邻近珊瑚礁生态系统产生较大影响,珊瑚礁对沉积物的浓度很敏感,海滩养护会在短期或长期内影响珊瑚成体和幼体的存活率[75]。Fisher等[76]在佛罗里达州东南部海滩养护前中后期对3种石珊瑚进行组织学分析,引入视觉压力指数评价珊瑚礁的应激反应,结果显示在海滩养护期间,珊瑚礁的应力水平由0级变为2级,在施工完成之后恢复到1级。借沙区的生态影响与养护区类似,包括浊度增加、栖息地退化和珊瑚礁的存活率降低等[74]
实施海滩养护工程后,会对海鸟觅食、海龟和鲎筑巢和产卵产生不利的影响[7778]。施工期间暂时性的噪声过大,可能对觅食的鸟类造成干扰[20];海鸟的食物主要为鱼类、甲壳动物、软体动物等,海滩动物的减少会通过食物链的效应影响海鸟的食物可获得性[75];而海龟和鲎虽然生活在海里,但产卵必须回到沙滩上,海滩生境的破坏和沉积物性质的改变不利于海龟和鲎的繁衍[65, 79]。海滩养护可能会改变沉积物性质,如密度、抗剪性、含水量、颜色、粒径、形状和矿物含量等[80]。这些变化可能会对巢址选择、挖掘行为、产卵和幼雏的出现产生不利影响[8183]。Holloman和Godfrey[84]在北卡罗来纳州调查海龟筑巢区海滩养护影响的研究发现,海龟筑巢和孵化成功率可能与沉积物粒径和颜色有关。Rumbold等[85]研究了海滩养护对红海龟筑巢行为的影响,在施工结束后的第1个季节,红海龟的筑巢行为明显减少,到第 2 个季节有所恢复,但受到海滩养护的影响,筑巢频率仍较低(图5)。
目前用于监测的生态指标一般侧重于短期和中期效果(仅在海滩养护终止后的几周或几个月),而对其长时间尺度的有效性、养护后的恢复时间和同一地点重复养护的累积效应知之甚少[7, 20, 59, 66]。Leewis等[86]研究显示,海滩养护对海滩环境没有永久性的影响,海滩养护对于所调查的4种大型无脊椎动物的丰度都没有长期的负面影响,但会改变群落结构。其中Haustorius arenariusEurydice pulchraBathyporeia sarsi丰度都能在1年内恢复,鳞腹钩虫(Scolelepis squamata)丰度在养护1年后有明显的增长。然而,也有其他研究表明,端足类动物在养护后1年内[87]以及整个大型动物群落在一年半内[88]都没有恢复。结合一些典型的养护案例来看(表2),海滩养护的生态恢复基本在1~4年内完成,短期内的负面影响都是可恢复的,最终形成与自然生态系统一样稳定的海滩生态系统。海滩上层沙丘和潮上带恢复较慢,与上层弹性较差有关,是未来养护中需要重点关注的部分。养护后监测通常是选取一些指示性生物,通过评估物种多样性和丰度来反映海滩养护工程的恢复效果。但大多数的研究都是描述效应,而不是调查造成这些效应的生物过程。只有通过调查潜在的过程,如与影响大小和恢复速度有关的过程,才能预测未来的影响,从而在养护实践中进行客观的生态调整[20]
目前长期生态影响的研究案例较少,现有研究表明海滩养护不会产生长期深远的影响,负面生态影响一般在1~4年内会消失。从生态和经济角度来看,海滩养护产生的生态效益是大于短期损害的[89]。海滩养护不仅改善了海滩周边的景观和生态环境,构建或增加了生物栖息地,增强了海岸防护能力,海滩生态功能和用途也增多,还促进了滨海旅游业的发展和周边经济的发展。广东省珠海市香炉湾是我国海滩养护工程实施后生态景观和生物多样性恢复良好的一个典型示范。养护后的香炉湾海滩、滨海植物带以及固堤的抛石形成了多样的生境,吸引了许多小动物前来栖息,海滩生物群落也逐步得到恢复[90]
短期的生态影响大部分是负面的,但实践证明这些负面影响是暂时的,可以通过改善施工方法和完善养护方案设计来减小对海滩生态系统的影响。这里主要讨论填砂沉积物性质、养护时间和方式以及沙丘植被的修复。
沉积物的性质是评估和预测海滩养护生态效益的一个重要方面[20]。研究表明,一旦原生沉积物特性恢复,底栖生物群落就会恢复,这一过程在很大程度上取决于当地的水动力学特性[93]。如果沉积物性质永久改变,生物多样性可能下降,机会主义物种(如捕食者)可能开始占主导地位[9495]。原则上来说,海滩养护填砂的沉积物性质应尽量接近天然砂[66, 75, 96]表3)。
填砂粒径对海滩稳定性具有重要影响[12],通常选择接近或略粗于天然砂。填砂粒径若与原始基质匹配较差,可能会延长生物种群的恢复时间。填砂粒径细于或粗于天然砂粒径都会产生不利的影响,粒径过细可能会导致生物缺乏氧气而窒息死亡,干滩面积减少、粒径过粗可能会阻碍鸟类和鱼类进食[97],并导致潮间带淤积(图6)。
泥球与水体的浊度有关,海水浑浊可见度低会掩盖一些小型生物,影响高营养级视觉捕食者发现猎物的能力[73]。至于水体浊度的增加,由于波浪的作用,浊度的增加很快就会消失,细小颗粒会被迅速转移到近海。此外,海滩生物群落对浊度的变化具有天然的弹性,这是一种自然现象。因此,在高能海滩近岸区,浊度升高大多不被视为生态问题[20]
尽量少贝壳碎片,贝壳碎片会影响潮间带海滩的底栖无脊椎动物的掘穴能力,并可能导致较低的密度[66]。沉积物来源选择无生物和化学污染物的砂。如果来源是商业港口,细粒沉积物可能被重金属或合成有机化合物污染,可能对沉降的幼体或海滩无脊椎动物的后期生命阶段产生毒性[98]。填砂材料硅酸盐砂比碳酸盐砂更耐磨损,能保证更长的耐久性,并防止近岸水浑浊[96]。砂的颜色应该与天然砂的颜色相似,既是为了保护景观,也是为了避免对地表或地下生活和筑巢的动物造成影响[75]
养护时间和养护方式对生物也有较大影响,养护的季节性时间会极大地影响无脊椎动物的死亡数量,选择在生物不活跃的季节进行养护工程,避开筑巢期和生物增长期,通常是在4月底前的寒冷季节。底栖动物幼体在春夏季定居,沉积物应在幼体定居前被放置到海滩中,经过一段时间的物理运输过程,为生物幼体提供一个可适应的沉积物环境进行蜕变和定居[66]
通过分批填砂的方式以便快速重新安置扰动区域[99],或是集中、大量地慢慢向邻近的海岸输沙,来替代沿海地区多次重复养护的方案[100],后者可以降低生态危害,因为在局部补沙,减少了最初生物掩埋事件的沿岸延伸,也延长了连续养护的时间间隔,这使得种群能部分恢复,幸存或重新定居的生物会再繁殖[101]。一旦海滩上的所有生物完成了一个繁殖周期,整个海滩生态系统就会恢复。许多海滩生物在1年内达到成年,一个生态系统的完全恢复可能在2年或3年内发生[79]。不同物种的恢复速度差别较大,潮间带底栖动物比如多毛类、端足类、斧蛤(Donax sp.)和鼠蝉蟹(Emerita)在1年内恢复,它们对不断变化的环境适应力较强[68, 86, 92],而有些物种在监测期结束后还未恢复[61, 102]。海滩养护后海滩生境的变化,如海滩剖面和沉积物的改变,将影响生态系统自然平衡的恢复速度[20]。一般来说,在动力较弱或较陡的剖面,生物的恢复时间较长[103104]
沙丘植被兼具生态功能和景观功能,沙丘植被的破坏可通过景观修复工程和沙丘植被修复得以恢复。植被可以帮助建立和稳定沙丘,由于植被的地面和地下结构,其还具有减弱波浪能量和抵御侵蚀的功能[105106]。但植被修复的重点往往是重建重要的栖息地,而不单单作为保护海岸的措施[107]。植被修复以自然恢复为主,人工修复为辅,在沙丘进行低密度的种植有助于植被的快速恢复[108],选择易于繁殖、适宜生存、有较高存活率的物种进行种植[109]。植被与沙丘一起生长,从而使沙丘随着时间的推移而增大[110]。被风吹散的沙是海滩沙丘和植被发育的重要因素[111],如果沉积物为粒径较大的砾石或卵石,植被的自然演替会减缓[112]
Jones和Hanna[113]开发了一种基于生态的工程修复方法,将海滩养护与种植天然植被结合,并逐步加入有机材料和天然纤维,以此来保持沉积物和保护岸线。该方法不仅保留了原始的海滩生态系统,还降低了成本。其他研究也提出一种概念模型:植被与海滩养护结合可以保护或促进沿海生物多样性,同时提高海滩养护的功效[107]
海滩生态系统是处于浅海与陆地交界的生态系统,受海洋和陆地的双重影响,与人类活动密切相关,其生境复杂且脆弱,拥有丰富的生物群落和多样的功能,涵盖社会、经济、生态等多方面的价值。海滩养护对海滩生态系统会产生不同尺度的影响,从空间上看,海滩养护会因为地貌变化、泥沙输运和扩散等原因,直接改变滨后沙丘与海滩地貌稳定性和生态环境,并对近岸水体以及相邻区域和生态系统产生影响。从时间尺度看,短期内将不可避免地导致区域内生物的减少,甚至干扰邻近生态系统。而从长时间尺度来看,海滩养护的负面影响是可恢复的,通常会形成稳定的海滩生态系统,产生良好的生态效益。通过改善海滩养护方案,选择适宜的沉积物和合适的养护时间、提升养护技术、结合生态修复手段等,能减少对生态系统的负面影响,养护前后的生态评估与长期监测也是未来研究中需要重点关注和研究的内容。
海滩养护作为砂质海岸保护修复的重要手段,在全球范围内被广泛应用。其生态影响成为当今海滩保护领域共同关注的热点,为海滩养护与修复、海滩保护与管理、海滩生态和生物多样性保护提供了科学依据。近年来随着我国海岸保护修复工作的持续推进,海滩养护工程大量实施,如何从地貌和生态相结合的角度评估其修复效果成为学者和管理部门共同关注的问题。应充分考虑海滩养护的多尺度影响和效益,建立完善的海滩养护评价方法和长期有效的生态监测评估技术,对海滩生态系统实行适应性管理。综合考虑生态可持续性、经济高效性和社会公平性等因素,实现海滩资源的高效保护和高质量利用。
  • 国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2022YFC3106104)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
杨燕雄, 张甲波, 刘松涛. 秦皇岛海滩养护工程的实践与方法[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2014, 30(3): 1−15.
Yang Yanxiong, Zhang Jiabo, Liu Songtao. What we have learnt from the beach nourishment project in Qinhuangdao[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2014, 30(3): 1−15.
2
戚洪帅, 刘根, 蔡锋, 等. 海滩修复养护技术发展趋势与前景[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2021, 40(1): 111−125.
Qi Hongshuai, Liu Gen, Cai Feng, et al. Development trend and prospect of beach nourishment technology[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2021, 40(1): 111−125.
3
Amaral A C Z, Corte G N, Filho J S R, et al. Brazilian sandy beaches: characteristics, ecosystem services, impacts, knowledge and priorities[J]. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 2016, 64(sp2): 5−16.
4
张朝晖, 王宗灵, 朱明远. 海洋生态系统服务的研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(6): 925−932.
Zhang Zhaohui, Wang Zongling, Zhu Mingyuan. Research progress on marine ecosystem services[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007, 26(6): 925−932.
5
Defeo O, McLachlan A, Schoeman D S, et al. Threats to sandy beach ecosystems: a review[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2009, 81(1): 1−12.
6
Defeo O, McLachlan A, Armitage D, et al. Sandy beach social–ecological systems at risk: regime shifts, collapses, and governance challenges[J]. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2021, 19(10): 564−573.
7
Nourisson D H, Bessa F, Scapini F, et al. Macrofaunal community abundance and diversity and talitrid orientation as potential indicators of ecological long-term effects of a sand-dune recovery intervention[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2014, 36: 356−366.
8
Semeoshenkova V, Newton A. Overview of erosion and beach quality issues in three southern European countries: Portugal, Spain and Italy[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2015, 118: 12−21.
9
Ma Zhijun, Melville D S, Liu Jianguo, et al. Rethinking China’s new great wall[J]. Science, 2014, 346(6212): 912−914.
10
陈雪初, 戴禹杭, 孙彦伟, 等. 大都市海岸带生态整治修复技术研究进展与展望[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2021, 40(3): 477−484.
Chen Xuechu, Dai Yuhang, Sun Yanwei, et al. Research progress and prospect of eco-realignment and restoration technologies for metropolitan coastal zone[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2021, 40(3): 477−484.
11
李亚娟, 马春, 毛天宇. 生态修复工程在港口建设中的应用[J]. 科技视界, 2014(26): 68, 122.
Li Yajuan, Ma Chun, Mao Tianyu. Application of ecological restoration project in port construction[J]. Science & Technology Vision, 2014(26): 68, 122.
12
朱嘉, 刘建辉, 蔡晓琼. 珠江口外伶仃岛海滩修复研究[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2014, 31(11): 36−40.
Zhu Jia, Liu Jianhui, Cai Xiaoqiong. Research on beach restoration of Wailingding Island, Zhujiang River Estuary[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2014, 31(11): 36−40.
13
蔡锋, 刘根. 我国海滩养护修复的发展与技术创新[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2019, 38(4): 452−463.
Cai Feng, Liu Gen. Beach nourishment development and technological innovations in China: an overview[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2019, 38(4): 452−463.
14
朱君, 蔡锋, 刘建辉, 等. 海滩养护修复过程中拦沙堤的应用[J]. 海洋工程, 2021, 39(6): 152−165.
Zhu Jun, Cai Feng, Liu Jianhui, et al. Application of groin system in beach nourishment[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2021, 39(6): 152−165.
15
James R J. From beaches to beach environments: linking the ecology, human-use and management of beaches in Australia[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2000, 43(6): 495−514.
16
Micallef A, Williams A T. Theoretical strategy considerations for beach management[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2002, 45(4/5): 261−275.
17
姜欢欢, 温国义, 周艳荣, 等. 我国海洋生态修复现状、存在的问题及展望[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2013, 30(1): 35−38, 112.
Jiang Huanhuan, Wen Guoyi, Zhou Yanrong, et al. Current situation, problems and prospects of marine ecological restoration in China[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2013, 30(1): 35−38, 112.
18
沈国英, 黄凌风, 郭丰, 等. 海洋生态学[M]. 3版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010.
Shen Guoying, Huang Lingfeng, Guo Feng, et al. Marine Ecology[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: Science Press, 2010.
19
Corte G N, Checon H H, Esmaeili Y S, et al. Evaluation of the effects of urbanization and environmental features on sandy beach macrobenthos highlights the importance of submerged zones[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2022, 182: 113962.
20
Speybroeck J, Bonte D, Courtens W, et al. Beach nourishment: an ecologically sound coastal defence alternative? A review[J]. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 2006, 16(4): 419−435.
21
de Schipper M A, Ludka B C, Raubenheimer B, et al. Beach nourishment has complex implications for the future of sandy shores[J]. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 2021, 2(1): 70−84.
22
尤龙辉, 林捷, 谭芳林, 等. 福建省岩石性海岸、潮间沙石海滩生态系统服务及其价值研究[J]. 防护林科技, 2016(10): 10−14.
You Longhui, Lin Jie, Tan Fanglin, et al. Evaluation of ecosystem services and value of rocky coast and sandy beach wetland in Fujian Province[J]. Protection Forest Science and Technology, 2016(10): 10−14.
23
黎树式, 林俊良, 黄鹄, 等. 广西海滩侵蚀原因与修复[J]. 北部湾大学学报, 2019, 34(12): 30−37.
Li Shushi, Lin Junliang, Huang Hu, et al. Causes of beach erosion and its restoration in Guangxi[J]. Journal of Beibu Gulf University, 2019, 34(12): 30−37.
24
Costa L L, Fanini L, Zalmon I R, et al. Cumulative stressors impact macrofauna differentially according to sandy beach type: a meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 307: 114594.
25
Harris L, Campbell E E, Nel R, et al. Rich diversity, strong endemism, but poor protection: addressing the neglect of sandy beach ecosystems in coastal conservation planning[J]. Diversity and Distributions, 2014, 20(10): 1120−1135.
26
Jaramillo E, McLachlan A, Coetzee P. Intertidal zonation patterns of macroinfauna over a range of exposed sandy beaches in South-central Chile[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1993, 101: 105−117.
27
McLachlan A, Jaramillo E, Defeo O, et al. Adaptations of bivalves to different beach types[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 1995, 187(2): 147−160.
28
Heymans J J, McLachlan A. Carbon budget and network analysis of a high-energy beach/surf-zone ecosystem[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1996, 43(4): 485−505.
29
Dugan J E, Hubbard D M, Page H M, et al. Marine macrophyte wrack inputs and dissolved nutrients in beach sands[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2011, 34(4): 839−850.
30
Checon H H, Corte G N, Esmaeili Y S, et al. The efficacy of benthic indices to evaluate the ecological quality and urbanization effects on sandy beach ecosystems[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 856: 159190.
31
Harris L R, Defeo O. Sandy shore ecosystem services, ecological infrastructure, and bundles: new insights and perspectives[J]. Ecosystem Services, 2022, 57: 101477.
32
Schlacher T A, Schoeman D S, Dugan J, et al. Sandy beach ecosystems: key features, sampling issues, management challenges and climate change impacts[J]. Marine Ecology, 2008, 29(S1): 70−90.
33
Barbier E B, Hacker S D, Kennedy C, et al. The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services[J]. Ecological Monographs, 2011, 81(2): 169−193.
34
Sardá R. Ecosystem services in the Mediterranean Sea: the need for an economic and business oriented approach[M]//Hughes T B. Mediterranean Sea: Ecosystems, Economic Importance and Environmental Threats. New York: Nova Publishers, 2013: 1−34.
35
张明慧, 孙昭晨, 梁书秀, 等. 海岸整治修复国内外研究进展与展望[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2017, 36(4): 635−640.
Zhang Minghui, Sun Zhaochen, Liang Shuxiu, et al. Progress of coastal environment repairing and cleaning engineering research and its prospect[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2017, 36(4): 635−640.
36
李广雪, 宫立新, 杨继超, 等. 山东滨海沙滩侵蚀状态与保护对策[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2013, 33(5): 35−46.
Li Guangxue, Gong Lixin, Yang Jichao, et al. Beach erosion along the coast of Shandong Province and protection countermeasures[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2013, 33(5): 35−46.
37
Cai Feng, Su Xianze, Liu Jianhui, et al. Coastal erosion in China under the condition of global climate change and measures for its prevention[J]. Progress in Natural Science, 2009, 19(4): 415−426.
38
吕永龙, 苑晶晶, 李奇锋, 等. 陆源人类活动对近海生态系统的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(5): 1183−1191.
Lü Yonglong, Yuan Jingjing, Li Qifeng, et al. Impacts of land-based human activities on coastal and offshore marine ecosystems[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(5): 1183−1191.
39
聂华欣. 辽东湾近海污染问题与治理研究[D]. 大连: 大连海洋大学, 2022.
Nie Huaxin. Research on offshore pollution problems and management in Liaodong Bay[D]. Dalian: Dalian Ocean University, 2022.
40
金信飞. 浅析海洋污染与海洋渔业资源保护[J]. 工程技术研究, 2020, 2(11): 31−32.
Jin Xinfei. Analysis of marine pollution and marine fishery resources protection[J]. Engineering and Technological Research, 2020, 2(11): 31−32.
41
Wang Ying, Wang Juying, Mu Jingli, et al. Aquatic predicted no-effect concentration for three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and probabilistic ecological risk assessment in Liaodong Bay of the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014, 21(1): 148−158.
42
Kalantzi I, Papageorgiou N, Sevastou K, et al. Metals in benthic macrofauna and biogeochemical factors affecting their trophic transfer to wild fish around fish farm cages[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014, 470−471: 742−753.
43
Defeo O, Castrejón M, Pérez-Castañeda R, et al. Co-management in Latin American small-scale shellfisheries: assessment from long-term case studies[J]. Fish and Fisheries, 2016, 17(1): 176−192.
44
Wiese F K, Ryan P C. The extent of chronic marine oil pollution in southeastern Newfoundland waters assessed through beached bird surveys 1984−1999[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2003, 46(9): 1090−1101.
45
Ko J Y, Day J W. A review of ecological impacts of oil and gas development on coastal ecosystems in the Mississippi Delta[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2004, 47(11/12): 597−623.
46
Dayton P K, Thrush S F, Agardy M T, et al. Environmental effects of marine fishing[J]. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 1995, 5(3): 205−232.
47
Thomson E E. Impacts of summer hypoxia on benthic fauna and implications for fisheries productivity in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina[D]. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1998.
48
崔晓菁. 中国海洋资源开发现状与海洋综合管理策略[J]. 管理观察, 2019(17): 63−64.
Cui Xiaojing. Current situation of marine resources exploitation and comprehensive marine management strategy in China[J]. Management Observer, 2019(17): 63−64.
49
王圣洁, 刘锡清, 戴勤奋, 等. 中国海砂资源分布特征及找矿方向[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2003, 23(3): 83−89.
Wang Shengjie, Liu Xiqing, Dai Qinfen, et al. Distribution characteristics of marine aggregate resources and potential prospect in China[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2003, 23(3): 83−89.
50
曹雪晴, 张勇, 何拥军, 等. 中国近海建筑用海砂勘查回顾与面临的问题[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2008, 28(3): 121−125.
Cao Xueqing, Zhang Yong, He Yongjun, et al. Retrospect and discussion of surveys for construction sand in China offshore area[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2008, 28(3): 121−125.
51
Peduzzi P. Sand, rarer than one thinks[J]. Environmental Development, 2014, 11: 208−218.
52
Hwang S W, Lee H G, Choi K H, et al. Impact of sand extraction on fish assemblages in Gyeonggi Bay, Korea[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2014, 30(6): 1251−1259.
53
Rangel-Buitrago N, Neal W, Pilkey O, et al. The global impact of sand mining on beaches and dunes[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2023, 235: 106492.
54
Masalu D C P. Coastal erosion and its social and environmental aspects in Tanzania: a case study in illegal sand mining[J]. Coastal Management, 2002, 30(4): 347−359.
55
Thornton E B, Sallenger A, Sesto J C, et al. Sand mining impacts on long-term dune erosion in southern Monterey Bay[J]. Marine Geology, 2006, 229(1/2): 45−58.
56
McLachlan A. Physical factors in benthic ecology: effects of changing sand particle size on beach fauna[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1996, 131: 205−217.
57
Smith V H, Schindler D W. Eutrophication science: where do we go from here?[J]. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2009, 24(4): 201−207.
58
Thushari G G N, Senevirathna J D M. Plastic pollution in the marine environment[J]. Heliyon, 2020, 6(8): e04709.
59
Peterson C H, Bishop M J. Assessing the environmental impacts of beach nourishment[J]. BioScience, 2005, 55(10): 887−896.
60
中华人民共和国自然资源部. 海滩养护与修复技术指南: HY/T 255−2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2019.
Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China. Technical guide for beach nourishment and restoration: HY/T 255−2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2019.
61
Wooldridge T, Henter H J, Kohn J R. Effects of beach replenishment on intertidal invertebrates: a 15-month, eight beach study[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2016, 175: 24−33.
62
Peterson C H, Bishop M J, D’Anna L M, et al. Multi-year persistence of beach habitat degradation from nourishment using coarse shelly sediments[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014, 487: 481−492.
63
蔡锋. 中国海滩养护技术手册[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2015.
Cai Feng. Chinese Beach Nourishment Manual[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2015.
64
Cooke B C, Jones A R, Goodwin I D, et al. Nourishment practices on Australian sandy beaches: a review[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2012, 113: 319−327.
65
Bird E, Lewis N. Beach Renourishment[M]. Cham: Springer, 2015.
66
Peterson C H, Summerson H C, Thomson E, et al. Synthesis of linkages between benthic and fish communities as a key to protecting essential fish habitat[J]. Bulletin of Marine Science, 2000, 66(3): 759−774.
67
Dean R G. Beach Nourishment: Theory and Practice[M]. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2002.
68
Menn I, Junghans C, Reise K. Buried alive: Effects of beach nourishment on the infauna of an erosive shore in the North Sea[J]. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 2003, 32(1/2): 125−145.
69
McLachlan A, Brown A C. The Ecology of Sandy Shores[M]. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006.
70
Courtenay Jr W R, Harrema D J, Thompson M J, et al. Ecological monitoring of beach erosion control projects, Broward County, Florida, and adjacent areas[R]. Ft. Belvoir, VA: US Army Corps of Engineers, 1974.
71
雷刚, 刘根, 蔡锋. 厦门岛会展中心海滩养护及其对我国海岸防护的启示[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2013, 32(3): 305−315.
Lei Gang, Liu Gen, Cai Feng. Enlightenment to China’s coastal protection from the coast beach nourishment at Huizhan Zhongxin of Xiamen Island[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2013, 32(3): 305−315.
72
Medina J R, Tintoré J, Duarte C M. Las praderas de Posidonia oceanica y la regeneración de playas[J]. Revista de Obras Publicas, 2001, 148(3409): 31−43.
73
Benfield M C, Minello T J. Relative effects of turbidity and light intensity on reactive distance and feeding of an estuarine fish[J]. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 1996, 46(2): 211−216.
74
Manning L M, Peterson C H, Bishop M J. Dominant macrobenthic populations experience sustained impacts from annual disposal of fine sediments on sandy beaches[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2014, 508: 1−15.
75
Saengsupavanich C, Pranzini E, Ariffin E H, et al. Jeopardizing the environment with beach nourishment[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 868: 161485.
76
Fisher L, Banks K, Gilliam D S, et al. Real-time coral stress observations before, during, and after beach nourishment dredging offshore SE Florida[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium. [S.l.: s.n.]: 2008.
77
Convertino M, Donoghue J F, Chu-Agor M L, et al. Anthropogenic renourishment feedback on shorebirds: a multispecies Bayesian perspective[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2011, 37(8): 1184−1194.
78
Martin K L M, Adams L C. Effects of repeated sand replenishment projects on runs of a beach-spawning fish, the California grunion[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2020, 8(3): 178.
79
Montague C L. Recovering the sand deficit from a century of dredging and jetties along Florida’s Atlantic coast: a reevaluation of beach nourishment as an essential tool for ecological conservation[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2008, 24(4): 899−916.
80
Nelson D A, Dickerson D D. Effects of beach nourishment on sea turtles[C]//Proceedings of the 1st Beach Preservation Technology Conference. Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Shore & Beach Preservation Association, Inc. , 1988.
81
Raymond P W. The effects of beach restoration on marine Turtles Nesting in South Brevard County, Florida[D]. Orlando: University of Central Florida, 1984.
82
Burney C, Mattison C. The effects of egg relocation and beach nourishment on the nesting and hatching of Caretta caretta in Broward County, Florida, 1991. [C]//Proceedings of the Fifth Annual National Conference on Beach Preservation Technology. Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Shore and Beach Preservation Assessment, 1992: 395−407.
83
Grain D A, Bolten A B, Bjorndal K A. Effects of beach nourishment on sea turtles: review and research initiatives[J]. Restoration Ecology, 1995, 3(2): 95−104.
84
Holloman K T, Godfrey M H. 2006 Sea turtle monitoring project report Bogue Banks, North Carolina[R]. Raleigh: North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, 2008.
85
Rumbold D G, Davis P W, Perretta C. Estimating the effect of beach nourishment on Caretta caretta (loggerhead sea turtle) nesting[J]. Restoration Ecology, 2001, 9(3): 304−310.
86
Leewis L, van Bodegom P M, Rozema J, et al. Does beach nourishment have long-term effects on intertidal macroinvertebrate species abundance?[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2012, 113: 172−181.
87
Peterson C H, Bishop M J, Johnson G A, et al. Exploiting beach filling as an unaffordable experiment: benthic intertidal impacts propagating upwards to shorebirds[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2006, 338(2): 205−221.
88
Adriaanse L A, Coosen J. Beach and dune nourishment and environmental aspects[J]. Coastal Engineering, 1991, 16(1): 129−146.
89
Roig F X, Rodríguez-Perea A, Martín-Prieto J A, et al. Soft management of beach-dune systems as a tool for their sustainability[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2009(S56): 1284−1288.
90
魏伟, 张一康, 张忠起, 等. 借用自然力量应对极端风暴的韧性设计——珠海香炉湾沙滩景观带[J]. 风景园林, 2020, 27(12): 80−84.
Wei Wei, Zhang Yikang, Zhang Zhongqi, et al. Resilient design by natural methods in response to extreme storms: the landscape belt of Xianglu Bay beach in Zhuhai[J]. Landscape Architecture, 2020, 27(12): 80−84.
91
Jones A R, Murray A, Lasiak T A, et al. The effects of beach nourishment on the sandy-beach amphipod Exoediceros fossor: impact and recovery in Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia[J]. Marine Ecology, 2008, 29(S1): 28−36.
92
Schlacher T A, Noriega R, Jones A, et al. The effects of beach nourishment on benthic invertebrates in eastern Australia: impacts and variable recovery[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2012, 435−436: 411−417.
93
Zeiler M, Figge K, Griewatsch K, et al. Regenerierung von materialentnahmestellen in Nord-und Ostsee[J]. Die Küste, 2004, 68: 67−98.
94
Greene K. Beach nourishment: a review of the biological and physical impacts[R]. Washington: Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, 2002.
95
De Jong M F, Baptist M J, Lindeboom H J, et al. Short-term impact of deep sand extraction and ecosystem-based landscaping on macrozoobenthos and sediment characteristics[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015, 97(1/2): 294−308.
96
Pranzini E, Anfuso G, Muñoz-Perez J J. A probabilistic approach to borrow sediment selection in beach nourishment projects[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2018, 139: 32−35.
97
Quammen M L. Influence of subtle substrate differences on feeding by shorebirds on intertidal mudflats[J]. Marine Biology, 1982, 71(3): 339−343.
98
Foteinis S, Kallithrakas-Kontos N G, Synolakis C. Heavy metal distribution in opportunistic beach nourishment: a case study in Greece[J]. The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 2013: 472149.
99
McLachlan A, Defeo O. The Ecology of Sandy Shores[M]. 3rd ed. London: Academic Press, 2018.
100
Stive M J F, De Schipper M A, Luijendijk A P, et al. A new alternative to saving our beaches from sea-level rise: the sand engine[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2013, 29(5): 1001−1008.
101
Van Egmond E M, Van Bodegom P M, Berg M P, et al. A mega-nourishment creates novel habitat for intertidal macroinvertebrates by enhancing habitat relief of the sandy beach[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2018, 207: 232−241.
102
Rosov B, Bush S, Briggs T R, et al. The state of understanding the impacts of beach nourishment activities on infaunal communities[J]. Shore & Beach, 2016, 84(3): 4−8.
103
Rakocinski C F, Heard R W, LeCroy S E, et al. Responses by macrobenthic assemblages to extensive beach restoration at Perdido Key, Florida, U. S. A.[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 1996, 12(1): 326−353.
104
Janssen G, Mulder S. Zonation of macrofauna across sandy beaches and surf zones along the Dutch coast[J]. Oceanologia, 2005, 47(2): 265−282.
105
李发明, 聂光裕, 周军, 等. 粤东海岸带生态系统现状及其生态保护修复[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2021, 38(10): 75−81.
Li Faming, Nie Guangyu, Zhou Jun, et al. Status of coastal ecosystem and its ecological restoration in the east of Guangdong Province[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2021, 38(10): 75−81.
106
Nordstrom K F. Beach and Dune Restoration[M]. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
107
Kindeberg T, Almström B, Skoog M, et al. Toward a multifunctional nature-based coastal defense: a review of the interaction between beach nourishment and ecological restoration[J]. Nordic Journal of Botany, 2023, 2023(1): e03751.
108
Cooke B C, Morton J K, Baldry A, et al. Backshore nourishment of a beach degraded by off-road vehicles: ecological impacts and benefits[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 724: 138115.
109
中华人民共和国自然资源部. 海滩后滨沙地植被修复技术方法: HY/T 0304−2021[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021.
Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China. Technology method of vegetation restoration in backshore sandy landforms: HY/T 0304−2021[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2021.
110
Charbonneau B R, Cochran C, Avenarius C. What we know and what we think we know: Revealing misconceptions about coastal management for sandy beaches along the U. S. Atlantic Seaboard[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 245: 131−142.
111
McLachlan A. Ecology of coastal dune fauna[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 1991, 21(2): 229−243.
112
Stienen E W M, Schekkerman H. Statistische analyse van de verspreiding en de broedresultaten van kustbroedvogels in het Deltagebied: relaties met habitatkenmerken, predatiedruk en toerisme[R]. Wageningen: Alterra, 2000.
113
Jones K, Hanna E. Design and implementation of an ecological engineering approach to coastal restoration at Loyola Beach, Kleberg County, Texas[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2004, 22(4/5): 249−261.
2024年第46卷第1期
PDF下载
525
358
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12284/hyxb2024024
  • 接收时间:2023-08-22
  • 首发时间:2025-11-25
  • 出版时间:2024-01-31
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-22
  • 修回日期:2023-11-08
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2022YFC3106104)
作者信息
    1.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 海洋与海岸地质研究室,福建 厦门 361005
    2.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005
    3.中国海洋大学 工程学院,山东 青岛 266100
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hyxb/CN/10.12284/hyxb2024024
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏