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    出版时间: 2026-08-05 doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20261129
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    . 金属及合金材料动态损伤破坏 • 前言. 高压物理学报, 2026 , 40 (8) : 080101-1 -080101-1 . DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.20261129
    . Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2026 , 40 (8) : 080101-1 -080101-1 . DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.20261129
    金属及合金材料在爆炸、高速碰撞、激光烧蚀等极端动态加载条件下的损伤与破坏行为既是物理、力学、材料科学交叉领域的前沿基础课题,也是国防装备、聚变工程、航空航天等国家重大需求背后的关键科学问题。与准静态加载不同,强动载荷下材料内部应力波传播、微结构演化与最终破坏过程呈现出显著的惯性效应、率敏感性及加载路径依赖性,层裂、绝热剪切、微射流等典型破坏模式往往在微秒、纳秒乃至更短的时间尺度内发生,其演化路径跨越纳观、介观至宏观多个层次,涉及多尺度关联的复杂物理机制。近年来,高熵合金、非晶合金及辐照损伤金属等新型材料在极端动载条件下的性能评估与应用探索不断深入,在极大丰富传统损伤破坏物理内涵的同时,也推动着该领域的研究向更基础、更交叉的纵深方向发展。
    动态损伤破坏所呈现的复杂物理图像,决定了多方法协同与多尺度关联研究是实现从定性描述向定量预测的必由之路。在纳观尺度,通过原子/分子模拟与激光冲击实验,可刻画微孔洞、辐照缺陷等微结构在动态载荷下的演化行为;在介观尺度,借助离散位错动力学、晶体塑性理论及相场方法,可解析位错运动与钉扎、剪切带形核与发展及裂纹萌生与扩展等关键过程;在宏观尺度,基于爆轰/平板撞击实验及有限元/无网格数值方法,可获得应力-应变响应、自由面速度曲线等表征材料服役性能的核心参量。在自下而上的原创探索与自上而下的重大需求双重驱动下,借助于人工智能方法在多尺度复杂问题中的创新应用,使我们得以突破单一尺度的认知局限,在纳观-介观-宏观贯通的全局视野下重新审视动态损伤破坏的本质,新现象、新机理与新方法竞相涌现。
    为促进动态损伤破坏领域基础研究与应用基础研究的持续发展,《高压物理学报》特设本专刊,集中展示我国学者在金属及合金材料动态损伤破坏方面的最新进展和发展趋势。期望本专刊能发挥抛砖引玉之效,吸引更多年轻科研人员投身这一充满挑战与机遇的方向。最后,谨向为本专刊筹备与撰稿付出心血的所有作者、审稿专家及编辑同仁致以诚挚的谢意!
    王裴 何安民
    北京应用物理与计算数学研究所
    2026年7月13日

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    doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20261129
    • 首发时间:2026-11-05
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    2种不同金属材料的力学参数
    科
    Family
    属数
    Number of
    genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of
    total species (%)
    属
    Genus
    种数
    Number of
    species
    占总种数比例
    Percentage of total
    species (%)
    鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
    小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
    多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
    红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
    小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
    光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
    红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
    栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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