Article(id=1245389865240605539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0213, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1672070400000, receivedDateStr=2022-12-27, revisedDate=1678723200000, revisedDateStr=2023-03-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774853682098, onlineDateStr=2026-03-30, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774853682098, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774853682098, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774853682098, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1245389858412282468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, year='2024', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='232', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774853680470, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774854277127, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1245392361031840387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1245392361031840388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=116, endPage=125, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1245389866016551806, articleId=1245389865240605539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, language=EN, title=Experimental study on the mechanical property of very short shear link with shear slotted bolted connection, columnId=null, journalTitle=Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

An innovative amalgamation of the very short shear link (VSSL) and shear slotted bolted connection (SSBC), referred to as the VSSL-SSBC, ingeniously enhances the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the VSSL, resulting in minimal damage. Consequently, the seismic resilience of eccentrically braced frames is markedly augmented. Cyclic loading tests were carried on a VSSL specimen, three VSSL-SSBC specimens with friction slip and a VSSL-SSBC specimen with ultimate deformation respectively, so the failure modes, hysteretic curves, bond curves and mechanical curves can be investigated. The experimental findings indicate that the mechanical property of the VSSL-SSBC exhibits a bifurcated developmental trajectory, characterized by initial stages involving friction slip within the SSBC and subsequent severe damage within the VSSL. Moreover, the ultimate bearing capacity and failure mechanisms of the VSSL-SSBC are observed to be congruent with those of the standalone VSSL. As for the mechanical curves, the VSSL exhibits distinct stages, encompassing elastic, elastic-plastic, and failure phases. In contrast, the SSBC is characterized by an initial elastic and subsequent slip phase. The VSSL-SSBC, a hybrid configuration, undergoes an extended sequence of elastic, slip, elastic-plastic, and failure stages. Notably, the deformation and damage of the VSSL within the VSSL-SSBC are significantly mitigated at equivalent displacements when compared to the standalone VSSL.Ultimately, the utilization of the finite element method (FEM) has been employed to corroborate the hysteretic curve and failure mechanisms with specimen VSSL-SSBC. The findings from the FEM simulations demonstrate a high degree of concordance with the experimental data.

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扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段由短剪切型耗能段和剪切扩孔型螺栓连接组成,可有效地提高耗能段的延性和耗能能力,并减小耗能段损伤,由此提高偏心支撑结构震后功能恢复能力。分别设计1个短剪切型耗能段、3个考虑摩擦滑移的扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段、1个普通扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段试件,并进行低周往复加载研究,得到其变形或破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线和力学模型等。试验结果表明,扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段先后经历摩擦滑移和耗能段承载2个过程,且破坏模式和承载力均与纯短剪切型耗能段相同。所得力学模型中,短剪切型耗能段包括弹性、弹塑性和塑性段;考虑摩擦滑移试件包括弹性和滑移段;扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段包括弹性、滑移、弹塑性和塑性段,且在达到相同位移时耗能段变形和损伤将明显减小。最后,对扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段进行有限元分析,可准确模拟其滞回曲线和破坏模式。

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吴光宇(1975—),男,教授级高级工程师,博士,主要从事复杂结构非线性仿真分析研究。E-mail:
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张波(1987—),男,博士,主要从事自复位结构研究。E-mail:

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张波(1987—),男,博士,主要从事自复位结构研究。E-mail:

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tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245389882588246712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245389865240605539, language=CN, label=图14, caption=试件VSSL-SSBC-4的有限元破坏模式图, figureFileSmall=gzrHJCXcZiHm4u4w8YXNug==, figureFileBig=r5oiqMyz6XRxO795cxz2qA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245389882730853056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245389865240605539, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Main parameters of specimens

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试件编号P/kNS1/mmμVSSL/(mm×mm×mm×mm)S1L的关系dL的关系
VSSL-1210×110×6×8
VSSL-SSBC-130200.30210×110×6×8小于小于
VSSL-SSBC-240340.30210×110×6×8等于等于
VSSL-SSBC-350340.30210×110×6×8等于等于
VSSL-SSBC-450340.30210×110×6×8等于大于
), ArticleFig(id=1245389882902819530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245389865240605539, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

试件参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号P/kNS1/mmμVSSL/(mm×mm×mm×mm)S1L的关系dL的关系
VSSL-1210×110×6×8
VSSL-SSBC-130200.30210×110×6×8小于小于
VSSL-SSBC-240340.30210×110×6×8等于等于
VSSL-SSBC-350340.30210×110×6×8等于等于
VSSL-SSBC-450340.30210×110×6×8等于大于
), ArticleFig(id=1245389883108340431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245389865240605539, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mechanical parameters of steel plates

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厚度/mm屈服强度fy/MPa抗拉强度fu/MPa弹性模量E/MPa伸长率δ
635653520321.7
836154720622.2
1036855220823.3
), ArticleFig(id=1245389883271918295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245389865240605539, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

钢板的力学参数

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厚度/mm屈服强度fy/MPa抗拉强度fu/MPa弹性模量E/MPa伸长率δ
635653520321.7
836154720622.2
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扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段力学性能试验研究
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张波 1, 2, 3 , 贾益纲 2, 3 , 刘超 3 , 吴光宇 2, 3 , 李大浪 1 , 胡淑军 3
地震工程与工程振动 | 2024,44(2): 116-125
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地震工程与工程振动 | 2024, 44(2): 116-125
扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段力学性能试验研究
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张波1, 2, 3 , 贾益纲2, 3, 刘超3, 吴光宇2, 3 , 李大浪1, 胡淑军3
作者信息
  • 1.中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司,江西 南昌 330031
  • 2.南昌大学 设计研究院,江西 南昌 330001
  • 3.南昌大学 工程建设学院,江西 南昌 330031
  • 张波(1987—),男,博士,主要从事自复位结构研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

吴光宇(1975—),男,教授级高级工程师,博士,主要从事复杂结构非线性仿真分析研究。E-mail:
Experimental study on the mechanical property of very short shear link with shear slotted bolted connection
Bo ZHANG1, 2, 3 , Yigang JIA2, 3, Chao LIU3, Guangyu WU2, 3 , Dalang LI1, Shujun HU3
Affiliations
  • 1.China Nerin Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330031, China
  • 2.Design and Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330001, China
  • 3.School of Infrastructure Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0213
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扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段由短剪切型耗能段和剪切扩孔型螺栓连接组成,可有效地提高耗能段的延性和耗能能力,并减小耗能段损伤,由此提高偏心支撑结构震后功能恢复能力。分别设计1个短剪切型耗能段、3个考虑摩擦滑移的扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段、1个普通扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段试件,并进行低周往复加载研究,得到其变形或破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线和力学模型等。试验结果表明,扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段先后经历摩擦滑移和耗能段承载2个过程,且破坏模式和承载力均与纯短剪切型耗能段相同。所得力学模型中,短剪切型耗能段包括弹性、弹塑性和塑性段;考虑摩擦滑移试件包括弹性和滑移段;扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段包括弹性、滑移、弹塑性和塑性段,且在达到相同位移时耗能段变形和损伤将明显减小。最后,对扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段进行有限元分析,可准确模拟其滞回曲线和破坏模式。

扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段  /  力学性能  /  短剪切型耗能段  /  剪切扩孔型螺栓连接  /  滞回曲线

An innovative amalgamation of the very short shear link (VSSL) and shear slotted bolted connection (SSBC), referred to as the VSSL-SSBC, ingeniously enhances the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the VSSL, resulting in minimal damage. Consequently, the seismic resilience of eccentrically braced frames is markedly augmented. Cyclic loading tests were carried on a VSSL specimen, three VSSL-SSBC specimens with friction slip and a VSSL-SSBC specimen with ultimate deformation respectively, so the failure modes, hysteretic curves, bond curves and mechanical curves can be investigated. The experimental findings indicate that the mechanical property of the VSSL-SSBC exhibits a bifurcated developmental trajectory, characterized by initial stages involving friction slip within the SSBC and subsequent severe damage within the VSSL. Moreover, the ultimate bearing capacity and failure mechanisms of the VSSL-SSBC are observed to be congruent with those of the standalone VSSL. As for the mechanical curves, the VSSL exhibits distinct stages, encompassing elastic, elastic-plastic, and failure phases. In contrast, the SSBC is characterized by an initial elastic and subsequent slip phase. The VSSL-SSBC, a hybrid configuration, undergoes an extended sequence of elastic, slip, elastic-plastic, and failure stages. Notably, the deformation and damage of the VSSL within the VSSL-SSBC are significantly mitigated at equivalent displacements when compared to the standalone VSSL.Ultimately, the utilization of the finite element method (FEM) has been employed to corroborate the hysteretic curve and failure mechanisms with specimen VSSL-SSBC. The findings from the FEM simulations demonstrate a high degree of concordance with the experimental data.

very short shear link with shear slotted bolted connection (VSSL-SSBC)  /  mechanical property  /  very short shear link (VSSL)  /  shear slotted bolted connection (SSBC)  /  hysteretic curve
张波, 贾益纲, 刘超, 吴光宇, 李大浪, 胡淑军. 扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段力学性能试验研究. 地震工程与工程振动, 2024 , 44 (2) : 116 -125 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0213
Bo ZHANG, Yigang JIA, Chao LIU, Guangyu WU, Dalang LI, Shujun HU. Experimental study on the mechanical property of very short shear link with shear slotted bolted connection[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2024 , 44 (2) : 116 -125 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0213
地震作用下,偏心支撑结构中的耗能、损伤和可修复构件均为耗能段,在保证结构具有良好的抗侧刚度和抗震性能的同时,震后仅需更换耗能段即可快速恢复结构的功能[1]。然而,偏心支撑结构在遭遇罕遇地震后,耗能段会经历较大的非弹性变形和损伤,给震后修复工作带来较大的困难[2]
耗能段根据长度比的区别可分为剪切型、弯曲型和弯剪型。其中,剪切型耗能段的超强系数和塑性转角建议值分别为1.50和0.08,明显优于弯曲型和弯剪型耗能段[3]。然而,对于长度比小于1.0的短剪切型耗能段,其超强系数和塑性转角值与上述建议值存在明显差异[4-7]。例如,MCDANIEL等[4]对长度比为0.79和0.57的耗能段试验研究指出,其超强系数可分别达到1.83和1.94,塑性转角分别为0.06和0.07;DUSICKA等[5]对长度比分别为0.84和0.83的耗能段试验研究表明,构件超强系数分别为1.90和1.86,塑性转角分别为0.13和0.20;纪晓东等[6]对长度比为0.64和0.97的试验耗能段研究表明,超强系数分别为1.99和1.87,塑性转角分别为0.15和0.13;胡淑军等[7]对长度比小于1.0的耗能段进行有限元分析表明,超强系数和塑性转角分别能达到1.90和0.13。
扩孔型螺栓连接利用高强螺栓在板件内开设的长圆孔中摩擦滑移,可有效提高梁柱节点[8]、装配式节点[9]、梁柱-支撑节点[10]的延性和耗能能力等。刘超等[11]对采用铜、钢和铝垫片的非对称扩孔型螺栓连接进行了研究,得到了各垫片的摩擦系数,以及相应的耗能能力和承载力等;KHOO等[12]研究了低碳钢、高强度调质钢和耐磨钢垫片对扩孔型螺栓连接的力学性能影响;GUO等[13]通过研究得到螺栓预拉力与扩孔型螺栓连接承载力的相互关系;SHU等[14]提出通过改变长圆孔尺寸可有效控制连接的延性和耗能。
基于在短剪切型耗能段一端设置带摩擦滑移的剪切扩孔型螺栓连接,可得到一种新型扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段[15]。设计1个短剪切型耗能段、3个考虑摩擦滑移的扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段、1个普通扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段试件,并进行低周往复加载研究,得到其变形或破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线和力学模型等,并评价扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段的力学性能与特点。对扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段进行有限元建模分析,并与试验结果对比校正,为相应构件的参数化分析及在偏心支撑结构中的设计和分析中提供理论基础。
在偏心支撑结构中,扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段中的耗能段上端与钢梁连接处采用带普通圆孔的高强螺栓连接,下端与支撑端板之间设置剪切扩孔螺栓连接如图1所示。其中,剪切扩孔螺栓连接中的支撑端板上开设有长圆孔,且两侧分别设置有耗能段端板和垫片。另外,支撑端板与耗能段端部之间需设置普通刚性垫片(如铜垫片),以提供稳定和理想的摩擦力;支撑端板与垫片间设置丁基橡胶垫片,以尽量降低板件间的摩擦系数(约为0.075)[10],以实现非对称段的低滑移摩擦效应。
在新型扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段中,为实现预期更高的延性和耗能能力,以及减小其非弹性变形与损伤,需保证剪切扩孔型螺栓连接率先开始摩擦滑移,耗能段未发生受剪屈服并处于弹性;在高强螺栓滑移至长圆孔端部后,耗能段开始受剪屈服并承载与变形破坏。扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段处于初始静止状态,底部支撑端板和各构件平面外均被固定如图2(a)所示。当构件滑移位移d至未超过长圆孔尺寸L的一半时,钢梁与耗能段均未屈服且变形相等,仅高强螺栓在支撑端板中的长圆孔内摩擦滑移如图2(b)所示。当构件滑移位移d大于长圆孔尺寸L的一半时,耗能段产生非弹性变形直到构件发生破坏,可有效提高耗能段的耗能能力和延性等,并使偏心支撑结构实现更好的抗震性能和震后功能恢复能力[16],如图2(c)所示。
为实现扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段预期的滑移和承载性能,剪切扩孔型螺栓连接的滑移荷载Fslip应小于耗能段屈服剪力Vy,且连接的极限承载力Fu应大于耗能段极限剪力Vu,具体可表示为
剪切扩孔型螺栓连接的滑移荷载和极限承载力[17-18]分别为
式中:ns为摩擦面数;nb为滑移螺杆数;P为螺杆预拉力;μ为摩擦系数;d分别为螺栓直径和抗剪强度;
短剪切型耗能段的屈服剪力和极限受剪承载力[619]可表示为
式中:fywfuwhwtw分别为腹板屈服剪应力、极限剪应力、高度和厚度;bftf分别为翼缘宽度和厚度;ts为加劲肋厚度;e为耗能段长度。
基于式(1)~式(3),设计3个考虑摩擦滑移的VSSL-SSBC-1~VSSL-SSBC-3试件和1个普通扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段VSSL-SSBC-4试件,并与1个相同截面的短剪切型耗能段VSSL-1试件进行对比。各试件中短剪切型耗能段截面尺寸均为H210 mm×110 mm×6 mm×8 mm(截面高度h×翼缘宽度b×腹板厚度tf×翼缘厚度tw),试件长度为300 mm,加劲肋均双侧布置,其间距和厚度分别为100 mm和10 mm,两端外伸端板均为440 mm×250 mm×20 mm(长度×宽度×厚度)。在VSSL-SSBC-1~VSSL-SSBC-4试件中,耗能段上、下端均与相邻板件通过8个10.9级的M22高强螺栓连接;下端相邻板件上开设8个长度L为34 mm的长圆孔,且与支撑端板间设置铜垫片[11],并保证各高强螺栓初始位置在长圆孔中心,如图3所示。
另外,表1中VSSL-SSBC-1~VSSL-SSBC-3试件的耗能段尺寸和铜垫片摩擦系数μ相同,但滑移螺栓预拉力P和滑移长度S1不同,且各试件滑移位移d均未超过长圆孔尺寸L,VSSL-SSBC-4试件的加载位移d超过长圆孔尺寸L。其中,滑移螺栓预拉力值通过扭矩法确定[18]
在设计的各试件中,所有板件材质均为Q355B,腹板、翼缘和加劲肋的厚度分别为6、8、10 mm。基于对不同厚度钢材的性能研究,可得到各板件的材料性能,如表2所示。
扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段的试验研究在南昌大学结构实验室内进行。试验装置主要包括作动器、加载梁、地梁、立柱、上垫梁、下垫梁、耗能梁和反力架等,如图4所示。其中,地梁固定在地槽内,加载梁与地梁之间通过2根立柱铰接相连;上垫梁上端与加载钢梁下端通过高强螺栓连接,下垫梁下端与地梁上端通过高强螺栓连接;耗能段设置在上垫梁下端与下垫梁上端之间均通过高强螺栓连接。2个竖向反力架主要用于限制加载钢梁的平面外侧移,作动器一侧与反力墙连接,另一侧与加载钢梁一侧连接。另外,对于短剪切型耗能段,下垫梁上端仅开设8个普通圆孔(图中未标出),对于扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段,下垫梁上端需设置8个长圆孔,由此形成剪切扩孔型螺栓连接,如图4(b)所示。
短剪切型耗能段VSSL-1和扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段VSSL-SSBC-4的加载方式相同,具体为:基于耗能段腹板上最大应变值屈服与否,可确定耗能段屈服位移Δy及相应屈服荷载Py;随后依照0.25Δy、0.50Δy、0.75Δy、1.0Δy、2.0Δy、3.0Δy,…,即随屈服位移倍数增大的方式加载,直至试件发生破坏后停止加载[20]
对于仅考虑滑移阶段的扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段试件VSSL-SSBC-1~VSSL-SSBC-3,采用位移加载方式一次性将位移分别加载至预定位移±0.1L、±0.3 L、±0.5 L,且各加载步中的位移的“+”和“-”必须同号,L是长圆孔尺寸。
对各试件的量测内容包括荷载、水平位移、竖向位移和关键截面的应变等。其中,作动器最大输出荷载为100 t,最大行程为600 mm,可读取各加载步的荷载和位移。各试件位移和应变的量测方法具体如下:
1)位移测量:为明确加载钢梁上的位移是否与耗能段的实际位移相等,在其上部外伸端部水平一侧和竖向分别安装位移计D1和D2。
2)应变测量:由于剪切扩孔型螺栓连接始终处于弹性,应变测量主要集中在短剪切型耗能段上,两端上、下翼缘中间和腹板4个角处分别设置应变片S1~S8;腹板上设置应变花M1~M3,如图5所示。
对试件VSSL-1进行往复加载试验研究后,可得到其破坏模式,主要包括:受剪屈服、腹板屈曲、翼缘屈曲、腹板开裂、翼缘开裂、构件翼缘和腹板剪切破坏,如图6所示。
加载初期,试件VSSL的屈服位移Δy是5.03 mm,此时试件水平位移小且腹板发生屈服现象,如图6(a)所示。当加载位移约为-20 mm(受压为负)时,试件腹板最上端已经出现了轻微屈曲现象,如图6(b)所示。随后在位移约为-25 mm时,右侧翼缘的上端和下端均出现屈曲现象,如图6(c)所示。当位移约为30 mm、荷载为407.21 kN时,腹板下端出现细小裂缝并随位移的增大而迅速扩张,并向翼缘全截面发展后贯穿整个底部截面,如图6(d)和(e)所示。当位移约45 mm、极限荷载为445.09 kN时,试件底部腹板和翼缘出现明显开裂,且随后腹板和翼缘均被剪断并丧失承载力,如图6(f)所示,试验停止。
由于试件VSSL-SSBC-1~试件VSSL-SSBC-3中的最大位移小于0.5L,且Fslip小于Vy,故整个加载过程中耗能段均不发生屈服且无明显变化。另外,上述3个试件加载最大位移均分别为10、17、17 mm,试验中的变形较小,故仅采用一个正向受拉和负向受压的变形图进行表述,如图7所示。当扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段正向受拉时,短剪切型耗能段向右滑移,如图7(a)中耗能段下端板与下垫梁上白色标记(下同),反之负向受压时耗能段受左滑移,整个过程耗能段无明显变形,且无构件发生非弹性变形或损伤,与预期变形模式相符。
试件VSSL-SSBC-4在往复加载过程中的变形模式如图8所示。加载初期,各高强螺栓与各长圆孔中心均重合,如图8(a)所示。当试件处于前3个加载步时,由于加载位移小于0.5L,高强螺栓仅在长圆孔中滑移且未达到长圆孔端部,仅剪切扩孔型螺栓连接发生滑移,且短剪切型耗能段不发生屈服。第四个加载步后,当加载位移大于0.5L时,高强螺栓滑移至长圆孔端部,且短剪切型耗能段发生正向屈服,如图8(b)所示;随后在负向相同位移时高强螺栓滑移至长圆孔负向端部,且短剪切型耗能段也将在负向发生屈服,如图8(d)所示。另外,当加载位移大于0.5L后,短剪切型耗能段在正向和负向的变形模式均经历了腹板屈曲和翼缘屈曲等过程,与试件VSSL-1在相同情况下的状态相同,分别如图8(c)和图8(e)所示。最后,当加载位移-0.5L-0.09e的正向受拉时,耗能段中翼缘与端板间出现裂缝,且在负向压力为-442.30 kN(与VSSL-1极限承载力相近)时,裂缝迅速贯穿整个耗能段上端翼缘与腹板,试件发生破坏并停止加载,如图8(f)所示。
各试件的剪力-位移滞回曲线如图9所示。由图9(a)可知,试件VSSL-1的滞回曲线非常饱满,其荷载随位移的增大逐渐增大,且在破坏前一直处于承载力强化阶段并未见下降。最大荷载为445.09 kN,位移为45 mm。由图9(b)可知,由于试件VSSL-SSBC-1~试件VSSL-SSBC-3的加载位移不大于0.5L,且短剪切型耗能段的塑性剪力大于扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段的滑移荷载,故耗能段未发生屈服,各试件滞回曲线为理想矩形,且各试件受剪承载力与其式(2)中Fslip的计算结果相一致。如图9(c)所示,当试件VSSL-SSBC-4加载位移小于0.5L时,其滞回曲线与剪切扩孔型螺栓连接相同;当加载位移超过0.5L时,其剪力-位移曲线与试件VSSL-1正向加载时相同;反向加载时,试件曲线承载力逐渐下降并负向滑移至长圆孔另一侧后,且耗能段的承载力反向增大,与试件VSSL-1反向加载时相同。然而,随着加载位移的增大,试件的滑移荷载逐渐减小,这主要是由于垫片摩擦系数逐渐减小所引起的,所对应的耗能段变形与损失较小。
各试件的骨架曲线如图10所示。试件VSSL-1的骨架曲线主要经历了弹性、弹塑性和塑性阶段。由于试件VSSL-SSBC-1~试件VSSL-SSBC-3的滞回曲线为矩形,其骨架曲线主要经历弹性段和滑移段。试件VSSL-SSBC-4主要经历弹性、滑移、弹塑性和塑性4个阶段,其中滑移位移为17 mm,对应滑移荷载为175.0 kN,这主要是由于剪切扩孔型螺栓连接所引起的。由图10可知,2种曲线中耗能段的变化趋势和最大承载力均基本相同,且最大承载力与式(3)中极限受剪承载力Vu计算结果基本吻合。另外,当耗能段变形值相同时,试件VSSL-SSBC-4的最大位移值明显大于试件VSSL-1的最大位移值。
基于图10中各试件的骨架曲线,可得到各构件的力学模型,如图11所示。其中,剪切扩孔型螺栓连接(SSBC)的力学模型主要包括弹性和滑移段,且滑移段长度为0.5L,荷载为Fslip,短剪切型耗能段的力学曲线包括弹性、弹塑性和塑性3个阶段,且剪切屈服荷载和极限受剪承载力分别为VyVu。基于扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段(VSSL-SSBC)受力特点中先初始摩擦滑移后耗能段承载,首先需保证剪切扩孔型螺栓连接的滑移荷载Fslip小于耗能段的屈服荷载Vy,由此可得到其力学模型主要包括弹性、滑移、弹塑性和塑性4个阶段,其变形能力和耗能能力明显高于纯短剪切型耗能段,且两者的最大承载力相等,即VSSL-SSBC在预定相同位移下耗能段所受荷载和变形值较VSSL有明显降低。
1)单元选取。采用ABAQUS软件对短剪切型耗能段和扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段进行有限元分析,其中C3D8R单元通过8个节点构造三维固体结构,具有大变形和大应变等特点,可对各构件进行模拟。
2)材料性能。短剪切型耗能段和扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段中,不同厚度板件的材料性能如2.3节所示。
3)边界条件。如图12所示,有限元分析时,对于短剪切型耗能段,约束下端截面各节点所有方向位移,对于扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段,约束中间板两端截面上各点自由度,且耗能段端板与中间板的摩擦系数设置为0.30[11],与表1中相同,中间板与垫板间的摩擦系数为0.075。此外,所有试件中耗能段上端板中上表面释放X方向位移,且约束Z方向的转动。
4)加载方式。有限元分析中,通过在耗能段上端板施加水平位移,可使耗能段弯矩和剪力与偏心支撑结构中的受力方式相同,具体加载方式见2.5节。基于此,可对VSSL-SSBC-4试件进行有限元分析。
选取试件VSSL-SSBC-4为研究对象,对其进行有限元分析,并与试验结果进行对比分析。试验和有限元分析所得滞回曲线如图13所示。有限元结果中,滞回曲线也经历弹性、滑移、弹塑性和塑性4个阶段。试验与有限元曲线在滑移阶段承载力存在一定误差,这主要是往复加载下铜垫片会经历往复摩擦,且摩擦系数会逐渐降低;耗能段承载阶段,两者的承载力和位移基本相同。极限位移下,试验和有限元分析所得最大荷载分别为441.37、440.01 kN,误差值为0.31%,即两者的刚度、极限承载力和各阶段承载力均较为接近。
有限元分析中,试件VSSL-SSBC-4在往复荷载下的破坏模式如图14所示。整个加载过程中,正向与负向均经历了螺杆滑移、腹板屈服、翼缘与腹板屈曲的过程。有限元分析结果中,初始变形为高强螺杆在长圆孔中摩擦滑移,随后耗能段开始屈服和承载,翼缘与腹板再发生屈曲,与预期相符。另外,有限元分析中可通过确定最大应力处判断试件的破坏模式[21]图14(f)中,耗能段上端与端板处翼缘和腹板应力均为最大,此处将发生破坏,即有限元与试验破坏模式相同。
基于对扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段的滞回曲线和破坏模式对比分析,验证了所提出有限元分析方法的正确性,为进一步的参数化性能分析提供理论基础。
本文对纯短剪切型耗能段和扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段分别进行试验研究,得到以下结论:
1)扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段的变形模式和滞回曲线均先后经历摩擦滑移和耗能段承载的过程,相应破坏模式和最大承载力均与纯耗能段的对应值基本相同,且式(3)可准确预测2种构件的极限承载力。
2)所得力学曲线中,短剪切型耗能段包括弹性、弹塑性和塑性段,考虑摩擦滑移试件包括弹性和滑移段,扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段包括弹性、滑移、弹塑性和塑性段,且在达到相同位移时耗能段变形和损伤将明显减小,与预期性能相符。
3)基于ABAQUS的扩孔螺栓连接型耗能段有限元分析法,极限承载力误差仅为0.31%,即可准确预测其摩擦滑移、承载能力和破坏模式等,为该种构件进一步的参数化性能分析提供理论基础。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(51908268; 51268044)
  • 江西省自然科学基金项目(20224BAB204062)
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2024年第44卷第2期
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doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0213
  • 接收时间:2022-12-27
  • 首发时间:2026-03-30
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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-27
  • 修回日期:2023-03-14
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51908268; 51268044)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20224BAB204062)
作者信息
    1.中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司,江西 南昌 330031
    2.南昌大学 设计研究院,江西 南昌 330001
    3.南昌大学 工程建设学院,江西 南昌 330031

通讯作者:

吴光宇(1975—),男,教授级高级工程师,博士,主要从事复杂结构非线性仿真分析研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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