Article(id=1245389864326251141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0222, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1706630400000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-31, revisedDate=1709222400000, revisedDateStr=2024-03-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774853681879, onlineDateStr=2026-03-30, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774853681879, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774853681879, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774853681879, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1245389858412282468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, year='2024', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='232', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774853680470, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774854277127, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1245392361031840387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1245392361031840388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=218, endPage=223, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1245389864678572679, articleId=1245389864326251141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, language=EN, title=Investigation of seismic damage to ceilings of public buildings during the 2023 Jishishan earthquake, columnId=null, journalTitle=Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A seismic damage investigation and analysis were conducted on the internal ceilings of public buildings in the 2023 Ms6.2 Jishishan earthquake. Three typical seismic damages, including the teaching building of Dahejia Middle School in Dahejia Town, Jishishan County, the outpatient building of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital in Jishishan County, and the conference room of China Postal Bank in Jishishan County, were taken as examples to analyze the aluminum buckle plate ceilings that were less involved in previous investigations and study on typical seismic damage characteristics of aluminum buckle plate ceilings and indirect suspended ceilings, and some new seismic damage phenomena. Analysis suggests that aluminum buckle plates have sharp edges and corners, and the snap in connection requires a high level of flatness in the runner grid. If this type of ceiling is used in buildings with high seismic requirements or high personnel density, it is recommended to conduct specialized seismic analysis to avoid falling plates that may be harm to people or hinder their escape. In addition, in the assessment of seismic damage to suspended ceilings, in addition to the drop rate, factors such as deformation of the runner grid should also be considered. Furthermore, the reliability of the connection between the lighting units in the ceiling and the main structure should be strengthened to avoid a large number of falls during earthquakes. The analysis can provide reference for the seismic research and engineering application of suspended ceilings in public buildings.

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对2023年6.2级积石山地震中公共建筑内部吊顶开展了震害调查及分析,并以积石山县大河家镇大河家中学教学楼、中西医结合医院门诊楼以及中国邮政银行会议室3处典型震害为例,分析了在以往的公共建筑吊顶震害调查及研究中较少涉及的铝扣板吊顶、间接悬挂式吊顶的新震害现象及典型震害特征。研究表明:铝扣板边角锋利,卡入式连接对龙骨网格平整度要求较高,此类吊顶如若用于抗震要求较高或人员较为密集的建筑内,建议进行专门的抗震分析,以避免坠板伤人或妨碍人员逃生。此外,在吊顶地震损伤评估中,除坠板率外,还应考虑龙骨网格变形等因素。应加强吊顶中照明单元与主体结构连接的可靠性以避免其在地震中出现大量坠落。研究结果可为公共建筑吊顶抗震研究与工程应用提供参考。

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王多智(1982—),女,研究员,博士,主要从事非结构抗震及大跨空间结构研究。E-mail:

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王多智(1982—),女,研究员,博士,主要从事非结构抗震及大跨空间结构研究。E-mail:

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Study on seismic performance of suspended ceiling with mineral wool boards[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2022. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Study on seismic performance of suspended ceiling with mineral wool boards, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1245389880080056693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245389864326251141, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Seismic construction handbook[S]. St. Charles, Illinois: Ceilings and Interior Systems Construction Association, 2013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1245389880180719997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245389864326251141, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Guidelines for seismic restraint for direct hung suspended ceiling assemblies[S]. 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2023年积石山地震重要公共建筑吊顶震害调查分析
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王多智 1, 2 , 谢笠 1, 2 , 陈永盛 1, 2 , 聂桂波 1, 2
地震工程与工程振动 | 2024,44(2): 218-223
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地震工程与工程振动 | 2024, 44(2): 218-223
2023年积石山地震重要公共建筑吊顶震害调查分析
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王多智1, 2 , 谢笠1, 2, 陈永盛1, 2, 聂桂波1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中国地震局工程力学研究所 地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
  • 2.地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
  • 王多智(1982—),女,研究员,博士,主要从事非结构抗震及大跨空间结构研究。E-mail:

Investigation of seismic damage to ceilings of public buildings during the 2023 Jishishan earthquake
Duozhi WANG1, 2 , Li XIE1, 2, Yongsheng CHEN1, 2, Guibo NIE1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China
doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0222
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对2023年6.2级积石山地震中公共建筑内部吊顶开展了震害调查及分析,并以积石山县大河家镇大河家中学教学楼、中西医结合医院门诊楼以及中国邮政银行会议室3处典型震害为例,分析了在以往的公共建筑吊顶震害调查及研究中较少涉及的铝扣板吊顶、间接悬挂式吊顶的新震害现象及典型震害特征。研究表明:铝扣板边角锋利,卡入式连接对龙骨网格平整度要求较高,此类吊顶如若用于抗震要求较高或人员较为密集的建筑内,建议进行专门的抗震分析,以避免坠板伤人或妨碍人员逃生。此外,在吊顶地震损伤评估中,除坠板率外,还应考虑龙骨网格变形等因素。应加强吊顶中照明单元与主体结构连接的可靠性以避免其在地震中出现大量坠落。研究结果可为公共建筑吊顶抗震研究与工程应用提供参考。

积石山地震  /  公共建筑  /  吊顶  /  震害  /  铝扣板

A seismic damage investigation and analysis were conducted on the internal ceilings of public buildings in the 2023 Ms6.2 Jishishan earthquake. Three typical seismic damages, including the teaching building of Dahejia Middle School in Dahejia Town, Jishishan County, the outpatient building of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital in Jishishan County, and the conference room of China Postal Bank in Jishishan County, were taken as examples to analyze the aluminum buckle plate ceilings that were less involved in previous investigations and study on typical seismic damage characteristics of aluminum buckle plate ceilings and indirect suspended ceilings, and some new seismic damage phenomena. Analysis suggests that aluminum buckle plates have sharp edges and corners, and the snap in connection requires a high level of flatness in the runner grid. If this type of ceiling is used in buildings with high seismic requirements or high personnel density, it is recommended to conduct specialized seismic analysis to avoid falling plates that may be harm to people or hinder their escape. In addition, in the assessment of seismic damage to suspended ceilings, in addition to the drop rate, factors such as deformation of the runner grid should also be considered. Furthermore, the reliability of the connection between the lighting units in the ceiling and the main structure should be strengthened to avoid a large number of falls during earthquakes. The analysis can provide reference for the seismic research and engineering application of suspended ceilings in public buildings.

Jishishan earthquake  /  public buildings  /  ceilings  /  seismic damage  /  aluminum buckle plate
王多智, 谢笠, 陈永盛, 聂桂波. 2023年积石山地震重要公共建筑吊顶震害调查分析. 地震工程与工程振动, 2024 , 44 (2) : 218 -223 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0222
Duozhi WANG, Li XIE, Yongsheng CHEN, Guibo NIE. Investigation of seismic damage to ceilings of public buildings during the 2023 Jishishan earthquake[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2024 , 44 (2) : 218 -223 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0222
2023年12月18日23时59分,甘肃省临夏回族自治洲积石山县发生6.2级地震,震源深度10 km。这次地震造成151人死亡,979人受伤。在地震发生后,立即开展了应急工作及详细震害调查。调查中发现,结构可用情况下,学校、医院在内的重要公共建筑的吊顶出现了严重的破坏,这些建筑都是位于积石山县震中附近的公共建筑。
吊顶抗震问题由来已久,已有相关报道。2013年芦山地震中吊顶的震害现象使国内吊顶抗震薄弱性凸显,引起了广泛重视,发展至今已经初步形成一定研究规模。本文在前期研究的基础上,针对积石山地震暴露出的吊顶新的震害现象与典型震害特征进行分析,并提出吊顶抗震设计与施工建议,可为工程应用提供参考。
积石山县是常驻人口24万的自治县,震中位于其西北部,抗震设防烈度为7度,设计地震动加速度峰值为0.1 g。依据中国地震台网正式测定数据,峰值地面加速度为1105.6 cm/s2,台站震中距为12.3 km,如图1所示。震后中国地震局依据现行GB/T 17742—2020《中国地震烈度表》[1]评定烈度,积石山县大部分位于8度区。
相关研究表明[2-11],吊顶是近年来历次地震中震害比较严重的一类非结构构件。在本次积石山地震中吊顶震害仍比较严重,且除此前报道的震害特征外,还有新的震害现象出现。本文对积石山县大河家镇大河家中学教学楼、中西医结合医院门诊楼以及中国邮政银行会议室,这3处代表性的公共建筑内部的吊顶震害进行了调查与分析。其中,大河家中学教学楼大量采用了铝扣板吊顶,这类吊顶在以往公共建筑吊顶震害调查中并不多见,而中西结合医院门诊楼与中国邮政银行会议室采用的是我国公共建筑中普遍使用的矿棉板吊顶。将3处公共建筑的吊顶震害分别进行分析。
大河家中学位于积石山县大河家镇,距离震中约17 km,其教学楼为4层框架结构,于2020年竣工,如图2所示。建筑外观没有明显破坏,但内部吊顶破坏比较严重。以往震害调查中,公共建筑多数采用矿棉板吊顶[2],而大河家中学教学楼大量采用铝扣板吊顶,如图3所示,且作为逃生通道的走廊上方多数为此类吊顶。铝扣板质地轻便耐用,被广泛运用于家装吊顶中。大河家中学铝扣板吊顶的次龙骨采用三角龙骨,铝扣板采用托卡固定方式,即铝扣板四边均匀分布略凸起的凸棱,安装时将其中对称两边轻压,卡入三角龙骨缝隙内再压紧,如图4所示。这一构造方式对龙骨骨架的平整度要求较高。
铝扣板吊顶震害与此前常见的矿棉板吊顶震害的共同点是边角破坏比较严重。铝扣板吊顶震害的特殊性是:①由图3图4可见,三角龙骨同一位置同时卡入2块铝扣板,2块板的卡入边在地震中往往同时脱离三角龙骨,呈对称破坏状态。②不同于矿棉板,铝扣板为金属吊顶板,具有锋利的边角,坠板致伤的可能性较大。幸运的是此次地震发生在深夜,教学楼内没有人员需要疏散,因此并未因坠板造成人员伤亡。③卡入式连接对龙骨网格的抗震性能要求更高,需要始终保持较高的平整度;且卡入连接仅为承担板重而设置,不足以抵抗地震荷载,地震中大量的连接失效足以证明这点。大河家中学吊顶震害和铝扣板吊顶典型震害如图5图6所示。
鉴于上述原因,此类吊顶如在抗震要求较高或人员较为密集的建筑内使用,建议进行专门的抗震分析,以避免坠板伤人或妨碍人员逃生。
积石山县中西医结合医院距离震中约15.8 km,其门诊楼为4层框架结构,内部吊顶为矿棉板吊顶。以往的研究或震害调查中,常以坠板率为吊顶损伤的评定依据[12-14],这也的确是方便实用的方法。然而此处震害显示,虽然坠板率较低,仅少量坠板,但主龙骨出现明显扭曲变形,主次龙骨节点也出现多处失效,表明在低坠板率情况下,龙骨网格已经严重变形破坏,如图7所示。此类情况在试验与数值分析中曾经出现[12-14],但在以往震害调查中未见报道。主要原因是在之前震害调查中,多数案例为直挂式吊顶,其竖向主要采用悬吊线与结构连接;而中西医结合医院震害调查发现,采用了间接悬挂式吊顶,根据我国图集12J502—2《内装修—室内吊顶》[15],其布置图如图8所示,且大量采用吊杆连接,构件布置不同导致了震害的差异。而作为公共建筑常用矿棉板吊顶形式,自2013年芦山地震后,其抗震能力薄弱等问题已开始在震害调查中凸显,至今10 a时间,多位学者对此类吊顶抗震性能展开深入研究[21416-17],但依据此次地震吊顶震害情况分析,这一现象仍然存在。
位于积石山县的中国邮政银行距离震中约8.7 km,其会议室内部吊顶出现坠落。调查发现,首先边、角部坠板较多,其次几乎所有照明装置均坠落,如图9所示。关于照明装置的连接要求,通常依据装置的质量,选用不同连接件与结构相连。如在美国规范中,依据重量不同,可分别采用不同直径的悬吊线或吊杆与结构连接[18-19]。我国规范和图集中指出[15],超过一定重量的灯具应直接吊挂在结构顶板或梁上,不得与吊顶系统相连。会议室中吊顶的照明单元为与吊顶板平面形状一致的灯具,属于轻型灯具,安装方式与吊顶板类似,搁置在覆面龙骨翼缘上,除电线外未见其他连接构件,因此在地震中出现大量坠落,又因与电线连接未能落于地面,仅悬吊在吊顶层下方。这说明轻型灯具虽然被允许直接与吊顶系统进行连接,但其抗震性能明显不足。建议依据照明装置质量,分别采用不同悬吊构件与结构进行连接。
此外,现场调查中发现,3处吊顶悬吊构件布置均符合图集要求,但并未发现抗震夹等抗震构造措施。
2023年6.2级积石山地震中,对积石山县学校、医院等公共建筑开展一系列震害调查工作,并对典型非结构构件吊顶的震害进行了描述与分析。发现了铝扣板吊顶、间接悬挂式吊顶的典型震害特征及新的吊顶震害现象,这些发现可以为公共建筑吊顶抗震研究提供新思路与参考,可为公共建筑吊顶抗震研究与工程应用提供参考,主要结论如下:
1)铝扣板边角锋利,卡入式连接对龙骨网格平整度要求较高,此类吊顶如若用于抗震要求较高或人员较为密集的建筑内,建议进行专门的抗震分析,以避免坠板伤人或妨碍人员逃生。
2)间接悬挂式吊顶在坠板率较低情况下,龙骨网格出现大变形,说明在吊顶地震损伤评估中,除坠板率外,应考虑龙骨网格变形等因素。
3)建议提高照明灯具与主体结构的连接要求,避免地震中大量坠落。
  • 中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(2023B15)
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0112700)
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doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0222
  • 接收时间:2024-01-31
  • 首发时间:2026-03-30
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-31
  • 修回日期:2024-03-01
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中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(2023B15)
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0112700)
作者信息
    1.中国地震局工程力学研究所 地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
    2.地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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属数
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genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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