Article(id=1241791689015235391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1241791680479822062, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0216, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1706544000000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-30, revisedDate=1711814400000, revisedDateStr=2024-03-31, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773995810034, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1745424000000, pubDateStr=2025-04-24, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773995810034, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773995810034, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773995810034, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241791680479822062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, year='2025', volume='45', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='237', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773995807999, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773996976041, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241796579670163949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1241791680479822062, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241796579670163950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1241791680479822062, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=164, endPage=172, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241791689317225289, articleId=1241791689015235391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, language=EN, title=Study on constitutive model of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy under cyclic loading, columnId=null, journalTitle=Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To characterize the mechanical properties of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy, three specimens for the monotonic tensile test and five specimens for cyclic loading were designed and fabricated. Based on the Ramberg-Osgood model, numerical fitting was carried out separately for the monotonic tensile stress-strain curves and cyclic loading skeleton curves of aluminum alloy bars. A comparative analysis was conducted on the tensile mechanical properties and hysteresis mechanical properties of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy. The combined hardening parameters for high-strength aluminum alloy were calibrated, and a combined hardening hysteresis constitutive model was established. Using the software ABAQUS, a numerical analysis model of high-strength aluminum alloy was created, and the simulation results were compared with and validated against experimental results. The results indicate that 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy exhibits excellent hysteresis performance, and the Ramberg-Osgood model shows good applicability to the monotonic mechanical properties of high-strength aluminum alloy. The finite element simulation results based on the combined hardening model are in good agreement with the test results. The calibrated combined hardening model can be used for the seismic behavior analysis of structures reinforced with high-strength aluminum alloy.

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为了描述7075高强铝合金的力学性能,设计制作了3个高强铝合金单调拉伸试件及5个循环加载试件,基于Ramberg-Osgood模型分别对单调拉伸应力-应变曲线及循环加载骨架曲线进行数值拟合,对比分析了铝合金的受拉力学性能与滞回力学性能,标定了高强铝合金的混合强化参数,建立了铝合金的混合强化滞回本构模型,利用ABAQUS软件建立了高强铝合金的数值模型,模拟分析结果与试验结果进行了对比验证。研究表明:7075高强铝合金具有良好的滞回性能,Ramberg-Osgood模型对高强铝合金单调力学性能表现出了良好的适用性;基于混合强化模型的有限元模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好,该混合强化模型及标定参数值可用于铝合金加固结构的抗震性能分析中。

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邢国华(1983—),男,教授,博士,主要从事工程结构减隔震控制等研究。E-mail:
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常召群(1992—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事工程结构减隔震控制等研究。E-mail:

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常召群(1992—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事工程结构减隔震控制等研究。E-mail:

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常召群(1992—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事工程结构减隔震控制等研究。E-mail:

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=Study on the mechanical behavior of Q235B structural steel after necking, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241802955486200217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241791689015235391, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=1, pageStart=121, pageEnd=132, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=37, authorNames=孙传智, 缪长青, 李爱群, journalName=地震工程与工程振动, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙传智,缪长青,李爱群,. 配置630 MPa级高强钢筋的混凝土柱抗震损伤指数模型修正[J]. 地震工程与工程振动, 2020, 40(1): 121-132., articleTitle=配置630 MPa级高强钢筋的混凝土柱抗震损伤指数模型修正, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241802955612029348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241791689015235391, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=1, pageStart=121, pageEnd=132, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=38, authorNames=SUN Chuanzhi, MIAO Changqing, LI Aiqun, journalName=Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Chuanzhi, MIAO Changqing, LI Aiqun, et al. Correction for seismic damage index model of concrete column with 630 MPa high strength steel bar[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2020, 40(1): 121-132. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Correction for seismic damage index model of concrete column with 630 MPa high strength steel bar, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241802955733664174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241791689015235391, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=182, issue=null, pageStart=52, pageEnd=65, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=39, authorNames=DU Y, PENG J Z, RICHARD LIEW J Y, journalName=Construction and Building Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DU Y, PENG J Z, RICHARD LIEW J Y, et al. Mechanical properties of high tensile steel cables at elevated temperatures[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 182: 52-65., articleTitle=Mechanical properties of high tensile steel cables at elevated temperatures, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241802955872076215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241791689015235391, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=40, authorNames=杨舒涵, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨舒涵. 冷弯钢材及铝合金材料循环本构模型研究及应用[D]. 天津:天津大学,2018., articleTitle=冷弯钢材及铝合金材料循环本构模型研究及应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241802955976933826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241791689015235391, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=41, authorNames=YANG Shuhan, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Shuhan. Research and application of cyclic constitutive models for cold-formed steel and aluminum alloy materials[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2018. 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Loading protocols of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy

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试件编号加载制度
A1关于ε =0对称加载,先拉后压,应变增量为0.5%,每级循环加载1次,加载至ε =±4%
A2关于ε =0对称加载,先拉后压,应变增量为1%,每级循环加载3次,加载至ε =±3%
A3关于ε =0对称加载,先拉后压,拉、压应变为2%,等幅循环加载
A4关于ε =0.5%对称加载,先拉后压,应变增量为0.5%,每级循环加载1次,加载至ε =4%(-3%)
A5初始拉应变为0.5%,循环拉伸,应变增量为0.5%,每级循环加载1次,加载至ε =4%
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7075高强铝合金加载制度

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试件编号加载制度
A1关于ε =0对称加载,先拉后压,应变增量为0.5%,每级循环加载1次,加载至ε =±4%
A2关于ε =0对称加载,先拉后压,应变增量为1%,每级循环加载3次,加载至ε =±3%
A3关于ε =0对称加载,先拉后压,拉、压应变为2%,等幅循环加载
A4关于ε =0.5%对称加载,先拉后压,应变增量为0.5%,每级循环加载1次,加载至ε =4%(-3%)
A5初始拉应变为0.5%,循环拉伸,应变增量为0.5%,每级循环加载1次,加载至ε =4%
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Test results of monotonic tensile

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试件名义屈服强度f0.2/MPa屈服应变ε0.2/%弹性模量E/GPa峰值应力fu/MPa极限应变εu/%
AA1602.81.0472.1658.39.13
AA2601.51.0173.9663.68.99
AA3603.91.0471.8655.88.96
平均值602.71.0372.6659.29.03
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单调拉伸试验结果

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试件名义屈服强度f0.2/MPa屈服应变ε0.2/%弹性模量E/GPa峰值应力fu/MPa极限应变εu/%
AA1602.81.0472.1658.39.13
AA2601.51.0173.9663.68.99
AA3603.91.0471.8655.88.96
平均值602.71.0372.6659.29.03
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Cyclic hardening parameters of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy

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试件E/MPaK′/MPan
A172000610.980.08196
A272000650.770.06489
A471300621.870.08349
A572000603.260.04806
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7075高强铝合金循环强化参数

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试件E/MPaK′/MPan
A172000610.980.08196
A272000650.770.06489
A471300621.870.08349
A572000603.260.04806
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Parameter calibration of combined hardening model of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy

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材料σ|0/MPaQ/MPabC1/MPaγ1C2/MPaγ2C3/MPaγ3
7075铝合金534.056.06.28437.4489.915094.52077.45895.274.6
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7075高强铝合金混合强化模型参数校准

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材料σ|0/MPaQ/MPabC1/MPaγ1C2/MPaγ2C3/MPaγ3
7075铝合金534.056.06.28437.4489.915094.52077.45895.274.6
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Comparison of energy dissipation between simulation and experimental results

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试件模拟曲线/(kN•mm)试验曲线/(kN•mm)误差/%
A1204.20209.762.65
A2179.73185.863.30
A3196.04196.980.48
A4151.04149.36-1.12
A579.9780.350.47
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模拟结果与试验结果耗能量对比

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试件模拟曲线/(kN•mm)试验曲线/(kN•mm)误差/%
A1204.20209.762.65
A2179.73185.863.30
A3196.04196.980.48
A4151.04149.36-1.12
A579.9780.350.47
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循环荷载下7075高强铝合金本构模型研究
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常召群 , 彭平泽 , 邢国华 , 李锦源 , 韩萌 , 刘伯权
地震工程与工程振动 | 2025,45(2): 164-172
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地震工程与工程振动 | 2025, 45(2): 164-172
循环荷载下7075高强铝合金本构模型研究
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常召群 , 彭平泽, 邢国华 , 李锦源, 韩萌, 刘伯权
作者信息
  • 长安大学 建筑工程学院,陕西 西安 710061
  • 常召群(1992—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事工程结构减隔震控制等研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

邢国华(1983—),男,教授,博士,主要从事工程结构减隔震控制等研究。E-mail:
Study on constitutive model of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy under cyclic loading
Zhaoqun CHANG , Pingze PENG, Guohua XING , Jinyuan LI, Meng HAN, Boquan LIU
Affiliations
  • School of Civil Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China
出版时间: 2025-04-24 doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0216
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为了描述7075高强铝合金的力学性能,设计制作了3个高强铝合金单调拉伸试件及5个循环加载试件,基于Ramberg-Osgood模型分别对单调拉伸应力-应变曲线及循环加载骨架曲线进行数值拟合,对比分析了铝合金的受拉力学性能与滞回力学性能,标定了高强铝合金的混合强化参数,建立了铝合金的混合强化滞回本构模型,利用ABAQUS软件建立了高强铝合金的数值模型,模拟分析结果与试验结果进行了对比验证。研究表明:7075高强铝合金具有良好的滞回性能,Ramberg-Osgood模型对高强铝合金单调力学性能表现出了良好的适用性;基于混合强化模型的有限元模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好,该混合强化模型及标定参数值可用于铝合金加固结构的抗震性能分析中。

7075高强铝合金  /  循环荷载  /  混合强化模型  /  本构模型  /  有限元分析

To characterize the mechanical properties of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy, three specimens for the monotonic tensile test and five specimens for cyclic loading were designed and fabricated. Based on the Ramberg-Osgood model, numerical fitting was carried out separately for the monotonic tensile stress-strain curves and cyclic loading skeleton curves of aluminum alloy bars. A comparative analysis was conducted on the tensile mechanical properties and hysteresis mechanical properties of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy. The combined hardening parameters for high-strength aluminum alloy were calibrated, and a combined hardening hysteresis constitutive model was established. Using the software ABAQUS, a numerical analysis model of high-strength aluminum alloy was created, and the simulation results were compared with and validated against experimental results. The results indicate that 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy exhibits excellent hysteresis performance, and the Ramberg-Osgood model shows good applicability to the monotonic mechanical properties of high-strength aluminum alloy. The finite element simulation results based on the combined hardening model are in good agreement with the test results. The calibrated combined hardening model can be used for the seismic behavior analysis of structures reinforced with high-strength aluminum alloy.

7075 high-strength aluminum alloy  /  cyclic loading  /  combined hardening model  /  constitutive model  /  finite element analysis
常召群, 彭平泽, 邢国华, 李锦源, 韩萌, 刘伯权. 循环荷载下7075高强铝合金本构模型研究. 地震工程与工程振动, 2025 , 45 (2) : 164 -172 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0216
Zhaoqun CHANG, Pingze PENG, Guohua XING, Jinyuan LI, Meng HAN, Boquan LIU. Study on constitutive model of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy under cyclic loading[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2025 , 45 (2) : 164 -172 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0216
铝合金材料兼具自重轻、比强度高、耐腐蚀性能强等优点,其在工程结构加固中得到了应用。ZHU等[1]使用加劲肋铝合金板对钢筋混凝土梁进行抗弯加固,考虑了加固长度、板宽和加劲肋高度等对加固试件的影响。ABDALLA等[2-3]完成了外部粘贴铝合金板加固钢筋混凝土梁抗剪性能的试验研究,验证了铝合金板用于混凝土构件加固的可行性。我国国家标准GB/T 16474—2011《变形铝及铝合金牌号表示方法》[4]按主要合金元素将铝合金分为9个系列,采用国际4位数字牌号体系时,第1位数字表示合金组别,第2位数字表示对合金的修改次数,最后2位数字无特殊意义。其中锌元素为主的7系铝合金由于其非比例延伸强度可稳定达到600 MPa以上,在混凝土结构加固中得到了初步应用[5-8]。邢国华等[9-11]对7075高强铝合金筋嵌入式加固混凝土构件的抗弯性能和抗震性能开展了系列试验研究和理论分析,但相关分析中高强铝合金的本构模型采用的是简化双折线模型,对理论分析结果影响较大。
材料本构模型是高强铝合金在工程结构中应用的基础,对高强铝合金加固结构受力性能分析具有重要意义。铝合金单调本构模型[12-14]研究已较为成熟,其中Ramberg-Osgood (R-O)模型[12]被广泛使用[15-16],但R-O模型对作为受力筋的7075高强铝合金的适用性和参数确定需要进一步研究。在金属滞回本构模型方面,CHABOCHE[17]综合考虑钢材等向强化和随动强化特征后,提出了一种混合强化模型并给出了关键参数的计算方法,能够较好地描述Q460D、奥氏体不锈钢和SN490B等各种钢材的循环本构特征[18-20],已被嵌入至有限元软件ABAQUS中。贾斌等[21]给出了适用于5083、5012、6061铝合金材料的Chaboche硬化模型参数,表明Chaboche混合强化模型对于5系及6系铝合金材料的本构关系适用性强。WANG等[22]基于Chaboche混合强化模型,结合试验数据给出了适用于7A04高强铝合金的本构模型参数;此外,AGIUS等[23]通过板材试样试验给出了7075铝合金Chaboche模型关键参数。但是随着铝合金研发工艺的不断改进,其铝合金材料力学性能与所用的7075高铝合金有一定差异,其主要关注铝合金的疲劳寿命问题,目前相关研究给出的Chaboche混合强化模型参数对所使用的7075高强铝合金可能不适用。
本文设计了7075高强铝合金棒材试件分别进行单调拉伸试验及循环荷载试验,采用R-O模型分别对单调拉伸应力-应变曲线及循环骨架曲线拟合,分析7075高强铝合金的单调性能及滞回性能,通过循环荷载下的应力-应变曲线标定了Chaboche混合强化模型参数,建立了循环荷载下7075高强铝合金的本构模型,并通过ABAQUS有限元软件对所建立本构模型进行了验证。
高强铝合金的力学性能试验共设计了3个单调拉伸试件和5个循环加载试件,材料使用的是由美国铝业公司(ALCOA)生产的7075-T6高强铝合金,T6表示铝合金通过固溶热处理后进行人工时效。
单调拉伸试件根据GB/T 228.1—2021《金属材料拉伸试验第1部分:室温试验方法》[24]设计,具体尺寸如图1(a)所示,标距段长度为50 mm,直径为9 mm,夹持端直径为16 mm。循环加载试件根据GB/T 15248—2008《金属材料轴向等幅低循环疲劳试验方法》[25]设计,如图1(b)所示。其中,标距段长度为15 mm,直径为8 mm,夹持端直径为16 mm。
高强铝合金的单调拉伸试验及循环荷载试验在西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室液压伺服测试系统(MTS 370.25)上完成,试验装置如图1所示。单调拉伸试验采用标距为25 mm的引伸计MTS 634.12F-24测量应变;循环荷载试验通过计算机控制应变加载,采用标距为10 mm的小标距引伸计MTS 632.13 F-20测量应变,应变测量范围为±15%。加载速率为0.0005 s-1,循环荷载试验共设置5种加载制度,具体加载制度如表1图2所示。
7075高强铝合金试件单调加载试验结果如表2所示,其名义屈服强度和峰值应力平均值高达602.7、659.2 MPa,弹性模量平均值72.6 GPa,约为钢材的1/3,高强铝合金应力-应变曲线无明显的屈服点。此外,各单调拉伸试件的破坏形态如图3所示,试件的断裂面与拉应力方向成45°,其颈缩现象相较于低碳钢不显著[26-27],但高强铝合金的平均极限应变为9.03%(预应力钢绞线仅为5%左右[28]),表现出了良好的延性。7075高强铝合金优越的力学性能为其在混凝土结构中的应用奠定了基础。
R-O模型[12]能够较好地预测铝合金的力学性能,被广泛使用。其通用表达式为
式中:E为铝合金的弹性模量;n为非弹性区段应变硬化程度,通过最小二乘法拟合得到,根据试验结果取值为41.8;f0.2为非比例延伸率为0.2%所对应的应力,取值为602.7 MPa。
试验应力-应变曲线与R-O模型对比如图4所示,R-O模型虽然在拐点处略微高估了铝合金的应力水平,但整体吻合良好,证明了经典R-O模型对7075高强铝合金单调力学性能描述的适用性。
图5所示,高强铝合金试件A3在加载至第11次循环时发生断裂;试件A4在加载过程中观察到发生了屈曲变形。为了进一步研究高强铝合金循环加载后的力学性能,将试件A1、A2在循环加载完成再进行单调拉伸至断裂,通过对比发现,试件A1、A2、A3的断裂面均为“V”型,与单调加载的铝合金试件断裂面(图3)有明显区别,断口截面无明显收缩现象。
循环荷载作用下的高强铝合金试件应力-应变曲线如图6所示,并根据滞回曲线计算得到了各试件的滞回能,图中Nc为滞回圈数,En为滞回能。由图可知:①在循环荷载作用下7075铝合金表现出了明显的包辛格效应,在拉伸产生塑性应变后卸载再反向加载,反向加载的屈服强度明显低于其初始屈服强度;②随着应变幅值的增加,表现出了显著的应变强化现象,试件A1在首次加载至应变1%及4%时,应力由577.7 MPa提升至663.5 MPa;③7075高强铝合金在各级循环卸载及再加载时,其弹性模量较初始弹性模量无明显变化;④在各循环加载制度下,拉应变和压应变值相同时,铝合金压应变所对应的应力大于拉应变所对应的应力,原因是材料拉伸时截面面积减小,压缩时截面面积增大;⑤7075高强铝合金在各加载制度下表现出了明显的混合强化特征,既包含了各向同性强化又包含了随动强化;⑥各加载制度下应力-应变曲线饱满,试件A1滞回能可达到209.76 kN•mm,将滞回能单位“kN•mm”转换为“MPa”,试件A1在循环加载前6圈的滞回能为155.2 MPa,Q235钢[29](与试件A1前6圈加载制度相同)平均滞回能为137.7 MPa,高强铝合金较Q235钢高出了11.3%,高强铝合金表现出了良好的滞回性能。
试件A1和A2循环加载后单调拉伸的应力-应变曲线如图7所示。由图可知,7075高强铝合金在循环加载后强度明显提升,试件A1和A2的名义屈服强度分别为642.7、664.5 MPa,较7075高强铝合金名义屈服强度平均值602.7 MPa分别提高了6.64%、10.25%,但延性有较大幅度降低,主要是由于铝合金在循环加载过程中存在累积损伤所致。试件A1相较于A2在循环加载时应变变化较大导致累积损伤严重,进入塑性阶段后立即断裂。
由于加载方式存在差异,循环荷载作用下高强铝合金的骨架曲线表现出了一定的差异性,如图8所示。试件A1、A2均为对称变幅循环加载,但在相同应变水平下,试件A2的应力大于A1,原因是试件A2在各级应变下等幅循环3次,体现出高强铝合金的各向同性硬化。试件A4、A5初始拉应变均为5%,试件A4基于应变5%对称变幅循环加载,试件A5基于应变5%变幅循环拉伸,随着应力水平的不断增加,相同应变水平下试件A4的应力逐渐大于A5,原因是试件A4应变变化幅度较大,体现出高强铝合金的随动硬化特点。
不同加载制度下高强铝合金的骨架曲线与单调拉伸应力-应变曲线表现出了差异,故使用Ramberg-Osgood模型的另一种表达式拟合循环骨架曲线,如式(2)所示:
为便于拟合,将式(2)变形为
式中:Δε为总应变幅;Δεe为弹性应变幅;Δεp为塑性应变幅;Δσ为应力幅;K′为循环强化系数;n′为循环强化指数;E为铝合金弹性模量。
通过分析试验结果,使用式(3)分别对图8中各试件应力为正的骨架曲线点拟合,得到了各试件的循环强化参数K′和n′,如表3所示,表中E为各试件的弹性模量。7075高强铝合金循环骨架曲线与单调拉伸曲线的对比如图9所示。由图可知:Ramberg-Osgood模型可以较好地拟合铝合金循环骨架曲线;试件A5为循环拉伸,未产生压应变,其循环骨架曲线与单调拉伸曲线基本重合;随着循环次数的增加,试件A1、A2、A4硬化现象显著,强度明显提升。单调拉伸曲线与循环荷载下骨架曲线有明显差异,可见加载历史对铝合金的滞回曲线有一定的影响,使用单调拉伸本构模型低估了高强铝合金的应变强化效应,在高强铝合金筋混凝土结构的滞回性能分析中精度有待提高,故提出高强铝合金在循环荷载作用下的本构模型是有必要的。
图10所示,基于Von-Mises屈服准则的混合强化模型[17],包含了各向同性强化模型和非线性的随动强化模型。图10(a)为各向同性强化模型,其表达式为
式中:σ|0为材料等效塑性应变为0时对应的屈服应力;Qb为通过试验数据对()拟合的材料参数,Q为材料屈服面的最大变化值,b定义了屈服面随着塑性应变发展的变化率;σ0通过试验数据进行标定。
为第i圈循环加载时屈服面的大小,定义为
式中:分别为第i次循环加载的最大拉应力及卸载后再加载弹性段的最大压应力。
对应的为第i圈循环加载的等效塑性应变,定义为
式中:Δεpl为塑性应变变化范围,由式(7)确定:
图10(b)为随动强化模型,该模型通过背应力叠加的方式描述应力随应变的非线性变化,表达式如式(8)、式(9)所示:
式中:N为背应力数目,本文取N=3;αk,1为第k个背应力函数的初值;Ckγk为通过试验数据对(αi)拟合的材料参数,Ck/γk决定了第k个背应力函数变化的最大范围;数据对(αi)通过式(10)和式(11)得到:
式中,σs =(σ1+σn)/2为屈服面的大小。
为了准确描述7075高强铝合金在循环荷载下的本构关系,各向同性强化模型通过试验曲线中等幅加载制度下的应力-应变数据点进行参数拟合。如图11(a)所示,高强铝合金的各向同性强化部分参数,通过式(4)对试件A3在循环加载中的最大拉应力及卸载后再加载弹性段的最大压应力数据点进行拟合。
非线性随动强化模型通过试验曲线中应变变化最大一圈的应力-应变数据点进行参数拟合。如图11(b)所示,高强铝合金的非线性随动强化部分参数,通过式(8)、式(9)对试件A1在循环加载中应变由-3.5%~4.0%的数据点进行拟合得到。
综上所述,通过循环荷载试验曲线拟合分析,表4给出了7075高强铝合金混合强化模型各参数建议值。
基于有限元软件ABAQUS对7075高强铝合金材料混合强化模型参数进行设置,非线性随动强化部分在ABAQUS软件材料塑性中将Hardening设置为Combined,Data type项设置为Parameters,设置7075高强铝合金背应力个数为3。各向同性强化部分在材料塑性子选项中设置Cyclic Hardening参数得以实现。单元类型选择三维实体单元C3D8R,模拟相同加载制度下的应力-应变曲线。
有限元模拟结果与试验结果滞回能对比情况如表5所示,各试件的滞回能误差最大仅为3.30%,有限元模拟结果可以较好地反映出高强铝合金的滞回能力。图12为循环加载试验结果与有限元模拟结果对比图。由图可知,通过试件A1及试件A3所标定的Chaboche混合强化模型参数得出的模拟结果与试验曲线总体吻合较好,此外,其余3组试件也均取得了较好吻合结果。表明该组混合强化模型参数能用于7075高强铝合金加固混凝土结构的抗震性能分析。
1)通过高强铝合金的单调拉伸试验,获得了其力学性能参数,各特征参数值为f0.2 =602.7 MPa、fu =659.2 MPa、E =72.6 GPa、εu =9.03%,7075高强铝合金具有良好的延性和抗拉强度,可用于混凝土结构的受力配筋中。
2)Ramberg-Osgood模型对7075高强铝合金的单调拉伸试验结果表现出了良好的适用性,但因其不能考虑加载历史对铝合金滞回性能的影响,使得R-O模型低估了高强铝合金的应变强化效应,与循环骨架曲线有一定的差异。
3)7075高强铝合金在各种循环加载制度下应力-应变曲线饱满,表现出了良好的滞回性能;试件循环加载后再单调加载,平均屈服强度提升了8.45%,但由于循环加载累积损伤导致其延性相较于单调加载显著降低。
4)基于Chaboche混合强化模型,标定了7075高强铝合金材料的混合强化参数,并应用于有限元数值模拟中,模拟结果与试验结果吻合结果较好,滞回能误差不超过3.30%。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52308137; 52178103)
  • 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2023-JC-QN-0617)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102281303)
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2025年第45卷第2期
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doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0216
  • 接收时间:2024-01-30
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2025-04-24
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-30
  • 修回日期:2024-03-31
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52308137; 52178103)
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2023-JC-QN-0617)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102281303)
作者信息
    长安大学 建筑工程学院,陕西 西安 710061

通讯作者:

邢国华(1983—),男,教授,博士,主要从事工程结构减隔震控制等研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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种数
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species
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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