Article(id=1241794075045724544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1241794070289387562, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0520, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715788800000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-16, revisedDate=1744646400000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773996378909, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1761062400000, pubDateStr=2025-10-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773996378909, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773996378909, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773996378909, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241794070289387562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='227', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773996377775, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773996935444, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241796409465307627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1241794070289387562, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241796409465307628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1241794070289387562, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=217, endPage=227, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241794075377074573, articleId=1241794075045724544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, language=EN, title=Research on vibration damping tests of a solar tower aero-elastic model based on miniature TLD, columnId=1241794071602200899, journalTitle=Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, columnName=Research Paper, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

As a typical slender structure, solar towers, which have been widely applied in recent years, are highly prone to significant vibrations under wind loads. Based on a 228.5 m-high solar tower, the wind-induced vibration control performance of Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLDs) was studied by wind tunnel tests. Firstly, a 1∶200 full aeroelastic test model of the solar tower was designed and fabricated, and the corresponding optimal parameters of the TLD were analyzed. Then, a miniature and multi-container TLD was designed for the aero-elastic test model, and wind tunnel tests for the model, both with and without the miniature TLD, were conducted respectively. Wind-induced responses of the tower, including top acceleration, displacement, base shear force and moment were measured. It was found that significant vortex-induced vibrations occurred within the range of the design wind speed (33 m/s). The results showed that wind-induced responses of the tower could be significantly suppressed by the TLD both in the cross-wind direction and the along-wind direction. With the installation of the TLD, the peak values of the top acceleration and displacement in the cross-wind could be reduced by 56.3% and 53.5%, respectively, and the corresponding reduction ratios for the base shear force and moment were 58.7% and 56.5%. At the design wind speed, the peak crosswind top acceleration and displacement were reduced by 48.4% and 40.3% , respectively, and the peak base shear force and bending moment were reduced by 65.4% and 45.5%.

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吸热塔近年来应用广泛。作为典型的高耸结构,在风荷载作用下,极易发生大幅振动。该文以一座高228.5 m的光热电站吸热塔为背景,设计并制作了一种可用于小比例模型风洞试验的微型调谐液体阻尼器(tuned liquid damper, TLD)。基于气弹模型试验方法,研究了TLD对吸热塔风致振动的抑制效果。首先,制作了吸热塔1∶200全气弹模型,并分析了相应的TLD最优控制参数。然后,采用多容器的方式设计制作了用于该模型的微型TLD。详细测试了吸热塔模型受控前后的风致响应,包括顶部加速度、位移和基底剪力、弯矩。研究结果表明,在设计风速(33 m/s)范围内,该吸热塔会发生明显涡激振动,而TLD可以显著减小结构在横风向、顺风向的风致响应。安装TLD后,在涡振区间内,吸热塔横风向顶部加速度和位移峰值可分别减小56.3%、53.5%,底部剪力和弯矩峰值可分别减少58.7%、56.5%;在设计风速下,横风向顶部加速度和位移峰值可分别减小48.4%、40.3%,底部剪力和弯矩峰值可分别减少65.4%、45.5%。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
李旭(1977—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事工程结构设计研究。E-mail:
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朱社州(1984—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事工程结构设计研究。E-mail:

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朱社州(1984—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事工程结构设计研究。E-mail:

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朱社州(1984—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事工程结构设计研究。E-mail:

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figureFileBig=V/ryR2auC6Zcdk45CYyalQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802926872662453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241794075045724544, language=CN, label=图20, caption=安装TLD前后加速度响应对比(原型), figureFileSmall=Z4UaK7D9oGyrIxor4aEnwg==, figureFileBig=V/ryR2auC6Zcdk45CYyalQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802926990102975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241794075045724544, language=EN, label=Fig. 21, caption=Comparison of base shear force before and after TLD installation (prototype), figureFileSmall=gfV18iSnoGsTw7FM6CgxJw==, figureFileBig=fH1oVtK5Zhy0p/p2JLHb9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802927132709330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241794075045724544, language=CN, label=图21, caption=安装TLD前后基底剪力对比(原型), figureFileSmall=gfV18iSnoGsTw7FM6CgxJw==, figureFileBig=fH1oVtK5Zhy0p/p2JLHb9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802927292092890, 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Similarity coefficient of air-elastic model of solar tower

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数相似比目标值实际值参数相似比目标值实际值
长度1/n1∶2001∶200频率 n/m33.3332.73
密度111加速度 n/m25.565.36
速度1/m1/61/6.11阻尼比111
单位长度质量1/n21/4×1041/4×104抗弯刚度1/(m2n41/5.76×10101/5.97×1010
质量1/n31/8×1061/8×1061/(m2n21/1.44×1061/1.49×106
单位长度质量惯性矩1/n41/1.6×1091/1.6×109弯矩1/(m2n31/2.88×1061/2.99×108
), ArticleFig(id=1241802927652803079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241794075045724544, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

吸热塔气弹模型相似系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数相似比目标值实际值参数相似比目标值实际值
长度1/n1∶2001∶200频率 n/m33.3332.73
密度111加速度 n/m25.565.36
速度1/m1/61/6.11阻尼比111
单位长度质量1/n21/4×1041/4×104抗弯刚度1/(m2n41/5.76×10101/5.97×1010
质量1/n31/8×1061/8×1061/(m2n21/1.44×1061/1.49×106
单位长度质量惯性矩1/n41/1.6×1091/1.6×109弯矩1/(m2n31/2.88×1061/2.99×108
), ArticleFig(id=1241802927761854995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241794075045724544, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Design parameters of test TLD

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TLD直径/mmTLD储液杯数量/个液体质量/g安装高度/m
92071.14
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试验用TLD设计参数

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TLD直径/mmTLD储液杯数量/个液体质量/g安装高度/m
92071.14
), ArticleFig(id=1241802927971570216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241794075045724544, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparison of peak response

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数位移/mm加速度/(×10-3g剪力/(×104kN)弯矩/(×106kN•m)
减振前减振后减振前减振后减振前减振后减振前减振后
临界风速 X215.7132.588.050.50.700.503.631.58
Y692.4322.0316.9138.52.350.970.920.73
设计风速 X227.6150.979.579.60.960.651.670.91
Y320.9191.5214.0110.51.330.460.950.95
), ArticleFig(id=1241802928105787960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241794075045724544, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

响应峰值对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数位移/mm加速度/(×10-3g剪力/(×104kN)弯矩/(×106kN•m)
减振前减振后减振前减振后减振前减振后减振前减振后
临界风速 X215.7132.588.050.50.700.503.631.58
Y692.4322.0316.9138.52.350.970.920.73
设计风速 X227.6150.979.579.60.960.651.670.91
Y320.9191.5214.0110.51.330.460.950.95
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基于微型TLD的吸热塔气弹模型减振试验研究
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朱社州 , 李旭 , 王君鹏
地震工程与工程振动 | 研究论文 2025,45(5): 217-227
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地震工程与工程振动 | 研究论文 2025, 45(5): 217-227
基于微型TLD的吸热塔气弹模型减振试验研究
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朱社州 , 李旭 , 王君鹏
作者信息
  • 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司,山东济南250013
  • 朱社州(1984—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事工程结构设计研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

李旭(1977—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事工程结构设计研究。E-mail:
Research on vibration damping tests of a solar tower aero-elastic model based on miniature TLD
Shezhou ZHU , Xu LI , Junpeng WANG
Affiliations
  • Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Co, Ltd, Jinan 250013, China
出版时间: 2025-10-22 doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0520
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吸热塔近年来应用广泛。作为典型的高耸结构,在风荷载作用下,极易发生大幅振动。该文以一座高228.5 m的光热电站吸热塔为背景,设计并制作了一种可用于小比例模型风洞试验的微型调谐液体阻尼器(tuned liquid damper, TLD)。基于气弹模型试验方法,研究了TLD对吸热塔风致振动的抑制效果。首先,制作了吸热塔1∶200全气弹模型,并分析了相应的TLD最优控制参数。然后,采用多容器的方式设计制作了用于该模型的微型TLD。详细测试了吸热塔模型受控前后的风致响应,包括顶部加速度、位移和基底剪力、弯矩。研究结果表明,在设计风速(33 m/s)范围内,该吸热塔会发生明显涡激振动,而TLD可以显著减小结构在横风向、顺风向的风致响应。安装TLD后,在涡振区间内,吸热塔横风向顶部加速度和位移峰值可分别减小56.3%、53.5%,底部剪力和弯矩峰值可分别减少58.7%、56.5%;在设计风速下,横风向顶部加速度和位移峰值可分别减小48.4%、40.3%,底部剪力和弯矩峰值可分别减少65.4%、45.5%。

吸热塔  /  涡激振动  /  气弹模型  /  振动控制  /  调谐液体阻尼器

As a typical slender structure, solar towers, which have been widely applied in recent years, are highly prone to significant vibrations under wind loads. Based on a 228.5 m-high solar tower, the wind-induced vibration control performance of Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLDs) was studied by wind tunnel tests. Firstly, a 1∶200 full aeroelastic test model of the solar tower was designed and fabricated, and the corresponding optimal parameters of the TLD were analyzed. Then, a miniature and multi-container TLD was designed for the aero-elastic test model, and wind tunnel tests for the model, both with and without the miniature TLD, were conducted respectively. Wind-induced responses of the tower, including top acceleration, displacement, base shear force and moment were measured. It was found that significant vortex-induced vibrations occurred within the range of the design wind speed (33 m/s). The results showed that wind-induced responses of the tower could be significantly suppressed by the TLD both in the cross-wind direction and the along-wind direction. With the installation of the TLD, the peak values of the top acceleration and displacement in the cross-wind could be reduced by 56.3% and 53.5%, respectively, and the corresponding reduction ratios for the base shear force and moment were 58.7% and 56.5%. At the design wind speed, the peak crosswind top acceleration and displacement were reduced by 48.4% and 40.3% , respectively, and the peak base shear force and bending moment were reduced by 65.4% and 45.5%.

solar tower  /  vortex-induced vibration  /  aero-elastic test model  /  vibration control  /  tuned liquid damper
朱社州, 李旭, 王君鹏. 基于微型TLD的吸热塔气弹模型减振试验研究. 地震工程与工程振动, 2025 , 45 (5) : 217 -227 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0520
Shezhou ZHU, Xu LI, Junpeng WANG. Research on vibration damping tests of a solar tower aero-elastic model based on miniature TLD[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2025 , 45 (5) : 217 -227 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0520
太阳能吸热塔作为清洁能源发电结构,目前在全世界已广泛用于发电,是我国实现能源变革的重要动力。太阳能吸热塔作为一种风敏感的高耸结构,具有阻尼小、频率高等特点。当吸热塔涡振风速低于设计风速时,容易发生涡激共振。而其顶部的集热器对振动幅值有严格要求。因此,对于吸热塔振动控制的研究具有重要的工程意义。近年来,随着我国对于绿色发展的重视,关于吸热塔的研究也越来越多。李寿英等[1]提出了可实现低阻尼比的吸热塔气弹模型优化设计方法;邢国雷等[2]基于气弹模型研究了某100 MW吸热塔的风振特性;顾洪波等[3]运用CFD对吸热塔结构进行数值风洞模拟;刘敏等[4-5]系统研究了吸热塔的风振特性以及TMD对吸热塔的振动控制。
调谐液体阻尼器(tuned liquid damper, TLD)是一种被动调谐减振控制系统,是降低土木工程结构不良动态响应的最有效手段之一。VANDIVER等[6]发现海洋平台上固定的储油罐对平台振动具有减缓效果,证实了TLD在振动控制中的潜力。随后, SATO[7]提出了利用TLD控制建筑结构振动的概念。SUN等[8]最早利用浅水波动理论来模拟水箱内水的振荡效应。FUJINO等[9]通过多个水箱,研究了TLD结构体系的减振。GEORGAKIS等[10]模拟了带有TLD的风力机受风激振动的响应情况。李宏男等[11]通过振动台试验对TLD的结构模型相互作用进行了研究。珠海金山大厦[12]在顶部设置了TLD,成功地将振动加速度减小了50%,使其满足了舒适度要求。孙连杨等[13]分析了内置竖向挡板TLD系统对高层建筑风致响应的控制效率。孟庆恩等[14]研究了内置垂直格栅矩形TLD水箱,在外加水平激励下液体的晃动特征和液体晃动的力学性能数值模拟。
本文基于气弹模型试验,研究了TLD对吸热塔风致振动的抑制。首先,建立了吸热塔有限元模型,获得了结构的固有频率、振型等参数,并据此设计制作了吸热塔气弹模型;然后,设计并制作了一款微型TLD,对微型TLD中液体的固有频率和晃动阻尼比进行了识别,并与理论值进行了比较;最后,进行了气弹模型风洞试验,分析了吸热塔的风致响应特性,系统地研究了TLD对吸热塔的减振效果。
该吸热塔高为228.5 m,圆形截面,其外径从底部的27 m变化到顶部的19.2 m。0~185 m高度范围内为混凝土结构,壁厚从底部0.7 m,变化到顶部0.6 m;185~228.5 m高度范围内为钢结构,该部分为吸热装置;结构的基阶频率为0.31 Hz。吸热塔示意图见图1
本试验在湖南大学HD-2风洞进行。据风洞阻塞率的要求,确定模型与原型间的几何缩尺比1/n为1/200,风速比1/m初步拟定为1/6,最终风速比待模型制作完成后,根据模型实测频率与原型结构频率的比值进行调整。各参量的目标相似比见表1
为获得结构动力特性参数,分别建立了原型与模型的空间有限元分析模型,见图2。需要说明的是,为排除储液杯质量对后续TLD减振试验的调谐影响,气弹模型动力特性测试时,吸热塔顶部安装无水TLD。因此,为保持一致性,采用ANSYS进行结构动力特性分析时,储液杯简化为MSAA21单元置于有限元模型顶部。原型与模型的前2阶振型对比,可以看出两者吻合较好,尤其是基阶振型,证实了模型设计的合理性,见图3
参考LI等[15]对吸热塔气弹模型的研究,本模型采用铝合金材料,由底座、芯梁、圆盘、外衣和螺钉五个部分构成。为了避免增加模型刚度,外衣沿高度进行分段,相邻层间设有2 mm的间隙。试验模型的上部钢结构设计为空心,以便为安装微型TLD预留空间。制作完成的试验模型照片见图4
利用自由振动衰减法从水平加速度响应中识别出弹性试验模型的固有频率、振型和固有阻尼等结构参数。由得到的加速度时程响应信号频谱分析可知,模型的振动主要集中在第1阶模态上,其他模态的振动比较微弱。加速度响应时程曲线及其对应的频谱密度(power spectral density, PSD)曲线见图5图6。由图可知,模型1阶阻尼比为0.5%左右,低于目标值0.7%;模型第1阶振动频率为10.156 Hz,略低于设计目标值10.332 Hz,但二者间的误差可通过调整风速比进行修正,因此,模型完全可满足试验要求。
根据模型实测频率与原型结构频率之间的比值λf,代入λf=n/m,可计算出调整后的风速比m为6.11,调整后的各参数最终相似比见表1
液体在TLD中的运动状态与其深度和容器尺寸密切相关。根据液深比H/DH为液深,D为容器内径)的取值, TLD大致可分为深水(H/D>1/8)和浅水(H/D<1/8)这2种。吸热塔为高耸结构,其振动以第1阶模态为主,此时TLD内液体的1阶反对称振动对结构的振动减振起主要作用。根据GRAHAM[16]提出的集中质量法,当液体的高阶晃动模态可以忽略不计时,理论上可以将液体分为2个独立的部分。第一部分为固定刚性质量m0,为液体中未起振部分的质量。第二部分为一组质量-弹簧系统(mn,kn),为液体中的起振部分。起振部分液体的作用与调谐质量阻尼器类似,对减小结构振动具有重要作用。固定刚性质量m0表示相对于容器静止的液体,这相当于增加了结构的质量。可以将TLD等效为如图7的等效力学模型。
弹簧振子质量mn和固定质量m0占总质量m的百分比完全由液深比决定,分别按式(1)~式(3)计算:
晃动液体的角频率ω可由ABRAMSON[17]提出的理论计算,如式(4)所示:
由式(4)可知, TLD的晃动频率由H/RR这2个参数决定。如果在微型TLD中以水为液体,则微型TLD的理论晃动阻尼比ξL[17]
式中ν为水的运动黏度。
将TLD简化为图7所示模型后,根据Den Hartog理论优化TLD的设计参数[18],优化过程类似于调谐质量阻尼器,在此不再详细说明。优化后可得到针对第1阶模态TLD的弹簧振子的最优频率比和阻尼比,分别如式(6)、式(7)所示:
式中μ为弹簧振子质量比。
在进行微型TLD设计时,首先要确定所需的微型TLD的性能指标,包括减振效果、尺寸和质量等。这些指标通常由原型结构的特性以及所需的振动控制要求确定。由于吸热塔结构在风荷载作用下的振动以1阶模态为主,故微型TLD的减振目标按照吸热塔的第1阶模态参数确定。根据吸热塔气弹模型,设计相应的微型TLD,用于后续的吸热塔减振风洞试验研究。设计流程见图8
由有限元计算结果可知,原型吸热塔的1阶模态质量为5702 t,根据质量相似比,可得到模型的1阶模态质量为712.75 g。取质量比μ为1%,则微型TLD内液体质量mL约为7.1 g。
由式(6)、式(7)可知,对应质量比μ为1%,微型TLD的最优调谐频率比和阻尼比分别为0.99和6.10%。已知吸热塔气弹模型固有频率为10.156 Hz,故微型TLD的目标频率和阻尼比分别为10.05、6.10%,其表达式为
其中,首先应保证的是TLD液体自振频率与结构自振频率的调谐。通常,实现TLD液体频率调谐的方法有2种:一是保持TLD储液杯尺寸不变,通过改变液体深度进行频率调节,该方法适用于浅水TLD;二是保持液体的水深比不变,通过改变储液杯内直径进行频率调节,该方法适用于储液杯内液体较深的情况。显然,对于小比例模型风洞试验的微型TLD而言,调节水深比难以实现其频率的精确调节,选用深水型TLD,通过改变容器内径实现频率的调谐更合适。
圆柱型TLD在不同水深比H/D下液体1阶频率f随储液杯内径D的变化规律见图9。由图可知,液体自振频率随储液杯内直径的变化接近线性,这说明调节储液杯内径D进行液体频率调谐是简单可行的。同时,可以发现当液体水深比H/D>0.4后,液体频率f随储液杯内径D变化的曲线十分接近,此时继续增大水深比来调节液体频率的效果十分有限。
基于上述分析,综合考虑TLD液体质量及吸热塔气弹模型内TLD安装空间,本文最终选取H/D=0.6,将其代入式(4)可确定TLD储液杯的内径为
单个储液杯内液体质量为
储液杯总个数为
为便于制作,储液杯个数取20个,此时对应的液体质量mL约为7 g, TLD最终设计参数见表2。为保证储液杯具有足够的刚度,并便于观察和识别杯内液体的运动,分别采用聚碳酸酯管材和板材制做竖直杯壁和杯底,液体主要成分为水,水中添加少量的润滑剂,以降低水的表面张力。
湖南大学HD-2边界层风洞高速试验段断面尺寸为宽3.0 m,高2.5 m,长17 m,最大风速为58 m/s。本模型风洞试验紊流流场按GB 50009—2012《建筑结构荷载规范》[19]规定的A类地貌模拟,风速U和紊流强度I沿高度分别按式(12)、式(13)变化:
式中,z为计算风高度;U为10 m高度处风速;α=0.12为地貌指数,10 m高度处的名义湍流度I10取0.12。
为了满足风速和紊流度剖面的要求,采用“尖劈+粗糙元”的方法模拟相应的风场,见图10。实测的风速和湍流强度沿高度的变化曲线见图11(a),1 m高度处的实测风谱曲线见图11(b),实测风谱形状与Davenport目标谱形状基本一致,调试风场完全满足试验要求[20]
吸热塔的阻尼比设置为0.7%。模型(含TLD储液杯)通过底座固定于天平上,天平再固定于风洞试验转盘上。加速度计和位移计的布置图见图12图13。测试风速为风洞内高度1.0 m高度处3~13 m/s间的多个试验风速,仅测试0°风向角。每次测试同步记录模型顶部加速度、位移、基底力以及实时风速。响应采样频率为200 Hz,每个风速下采集时长为60 s。
TLD对气弹模型的减振效果测试中,试验风速、风向角均与未安装TLD的试验工况完全一样,即0°风向角下3~13 m/s间的多个风速,测点及测试仪器均相同。TLD安装于模型顶部1.14 m高处。安装TLD后的模型见图14
通过吸热塔气弹模型试验,可发现实际结构在10 m高度处风速为27.9 m/s左右时会产生显著的涡振现象。对应原型27.9 m/s(临界风速)和33 m/s(设计风速)来流风速下,吸热塔模型(含有微型TLD储液杯)顶部顺、横风向的加速度和位移响应时程曲线,见图15~图18。由图可知,临界风速下响应远大于设计风速,且结构风振响应主要由横风向控制,即使在设计风速下。
表1中的相似系数可将模型试验测得的加速度、位移响应、基底弯矩及剪力换算到原型结构。
安装微型TLD前后,换算至原型后的吸热塔风致响应对比见图19~图22。由图可知,微型TLD对吸热塔结构的减振效果显著,尤其是对横风向,在涡振风速区间明显能抑制振动。
为更直观对比减振效果,表3中同时还给出了吸热塔安装微型TLD前后临界风速和设计风速下的响应峰值(换算至原型)。通过对比可知,涡振临界风速下,吸热塔横风向顶部位移峰值可减小53.5%,加速度响应峰值可减小56.3%,基底剪力和基底弯矩峰值可分别减小58.7%、56.5%;在设计风速下,吸热塔横风向顶部位移峰值可减小40.3%,加速度响应峰值可减小48.4%,基底剪力和基底弯矩峰值可分别减小65.4%、45.5%。
为了研究微型TLD对吸热塔风致响应的抑制效果。本文基于吸热塔1∶200的气弹模型,在风洞大气边界层内按GB 50009—2012《建筑结构荷载规范》[19]的A类地貌进行了试验。首先,制作了228.5 m高的吸热塔气弹模型,确定了其固有频率、前2阶振型和结构阻尼比等结构参数;其次,计算分析了TLD的最优设计参数,并设计制作了可用于吸热塔气弹模型的微型TLD。最后进行了风洞试验,对比研究了微型TLD对吸热塔风致振动的抑制效果。
试验结果表明,吸热塔实际结构在10 m高度处风速为27.9 m/s左右会产生显著的涡振现象。安装TLD后,其风致振动可得到良好的控制。在涡振区间内,横风向顶部位移峰值可减小53.5%,加速度峰值可减小56.3%,基底剪力和基底弯峰值可分别减小58.7%和56.5%;在设计风速下,吸热塔横风向顶部位移峰值可减小40.3%,加速度峰值可减小48.4%,基底剪力和基底弯矩峰值可分别减小65.4%和45.5%。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52308501)
  • 湖南省区域联合基金项目(2025JJ70090)
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2025年第45卷第5期
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doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0520
  • 接收时间:2024-05-16
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2025-10-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-16
  • 修回日期:2025-04-15
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52308501)
湖南省区域联合基金项目(2025JJ70090)
作者信息
    山东电力工程咨询院有限公司,山东济南250013

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李旭(1977—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事工程结构设计研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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