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In order to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frames, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) was used to retrofit reinforced concrete frame structures. The effects of CFRP on the failure mode, the energy dissipation characteristics, the lateral stiffness degradation patterns, the ultimate bearing capacity degradation and the ductility of RC columns were investigated by the pseudo-static tests. The results show that the peak bearing capacity, initial stiffness and ductility of the CFRP reinforced model are increased by 43.89%, 39.27% and 30.10%, respectively. Based on the parametric study of the finite element model, the contribution of CFRP to the seismic upgrading effect of RC columns was quantitatively revealed, and the optimized design of CFRP retrofitted was proposed. The results indicated that the peak load, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the whole structure are improved by using CFRP full-wrap reinforcement and strip reinforcement models with different coverage areas. The damage degree of column decreases, the damage degree of beam increases, and the failure mode changes from “column hinge” to “beam hinge”. Simultaneously, different CFRP reinforcement areas and the distance between strip-shaped CFRP have different reinforcement effects on concrete structures. Based on the investigation results, the recommended ratio of the width of CFRP strip to its spacing is 1.00 to 1.25.

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为改善钢筋混凝土框架的抗震性能,采用碳纤维增强复合材料(carbon fiber-reinforced polymer,CFRP)加固钢筋混凝土框架柱,通过抗震拟静力对比试验,研究了碳纤维布加固对钢筋混凝土柱破坏模式、耗能滞回曲线、刚度和承载力退化规律以及延性等方面的影响。试验结果表明:CFRP加固模型的极限承载力、初始刚度和延性分别提高43.89%、39.27%、30.10%;基于数值模型参数化研究,定量揭示了碳纤维布加固对钢筋混凝土柱抗震提升的贡献,提出了碳纤维加固优化设计思路。该文研究表明,采用CFRP全包加固和条带加固钢筋混凝土框架模型,整体结构的极限承载力、延性和耗能能力均有不同程度的提高,使得柱端破坏减小,梁端破坏增大,整体破坏模式由柱铰破坏向梁铰破坏转变;同时,不同CFRP加固面积和CFRP之间的间距影响对混凝土结构的加固效果。基于该文成果,条带宽度与间距比值的建议值为1.00~1.25。

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周洋(1987—),男,教授,博士,主要从事结构工程抗震研究。E-mail:

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周洋(1987—),男,教授,博士,主要从事结构工程抗震研究。E-mail:

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ArticleFig(id=1241802908178649179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图5, caption=未加固柱破坏情况, figureFileSmall=7aDqro3kY3HnubjrDiHmKw==, figureFileBig=ND7EvPHNxmhFL7QqTmmEdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802908346421359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Failure conditions of retrofitted columns, figureFileSmall=zeIp3avxnnMfeNp8cyyGCg==, figureFileBig=HxDpnt4+xFNWngMA3WOnhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802908501610630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图6, caption=加固柱破坏情况, figureFileSmall=zeIp3avxnnMfeNp8cyyGCg==, figureFileBig=HxDpnt4+xFNWngMA3WOnhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802908652605588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Hysteretic curves of the unretrofitted frame structure model, figureFileSmall=kxGZOxk3mxWqA6F1U1Culg==, figureFileBig=keGk5WryD1b7Ep4QItmsBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802908811989157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图7, caption=未加固框架结构模型滞回曲线, figureFileSmall=kxGZOxk3mxWqA6F1U1Culg==, figureFileBig=keGk5WryD1b7Ep4QItmsBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802908925235377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Hysteretic curves of the CFRP-retrofitted frame structure model, figureFileSmall=oTCWkW81xedcFk+BKQupwQ==, figureFileBig=YnYY1Vby9kEGGe5hiWcRAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802909051064509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图8, caption=CFRP加固框架结构模型滞回曲线, figureFileSmall=oTCWkW81xedcFk+BKQupwQ==, figureFileBig=YnYY1Vby9kEGGe5hiWcRAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802909151727816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Skeleton curves of the two groups of models, figureFileSmall=FubMrLCdwCqATM4yLfKmqA==, figureFileBig=hSf1RwSSJvlnw65cxAlaRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802909264974033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图9, caption=2组模型的骨架曲线, figureFileSmall=FubMrLCdwCqATM4yLfKmqA==, figureFileBig=hSf1RwSSJvlnw65cxAlaRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802909394997472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Stiffness degradation curves of the two groups of models, figureFileSmall=Eu6TSDs5W+snNUStLDonJg==, figureFileBig=/rmjLglcDjnR4dFXQ2Pmsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802909566963954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图10, caption=2组模型的刚度退化曲线, figureFileSmall=Eu6TSDs5W+snNUStLDonJg==, figureFileBig=/rmjLglcDjnR4dFXQ2Pmsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802909726347530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Finite element models, figureFileSmall=RiGzJqCPdkrHTI4q2UTNbQ==, figureFileBig=Kwqm/tbnF5vAU2gHWaaqnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802909898314015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图11, caption=有限元模型, figureFileSmall=RiGzJqCPdkrHTI4q2UTNbQ==, figureFileBig=Kwqm/tbnF5vAU2gHWaaqnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910032531756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Material constitutive relation diagram, figureFileSmall=97h/jGoBK/NKNjkV3BIj3g==, figureFileBig=Xwgv8VUbqYTXgOLT9IVa+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910158360892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图12, caption=材料本构关系图, figureFileSmall=97h/jGoBK/NKNjkV3BIj3g==, figureFileBig=Xwgv8VUbqYTXgOLT9IVa+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910267412809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=Damage of the unretrofitted frame model, figureFileSmall=yEV9UlTvwBzR723XHiZC0A==, figureFileBig=Ehwd7w/6XGLfIgvHRPOF4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910414213464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图13, caption=未加固的框架模型损伤, figureFileSmall=yEV9UlTvwBzR723XHiZC0A==, figureFileBig=Ehwd7w/6XGLfIgvHRPOF4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910540042597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=Damage of the frame model retrofitted by CFRP, figureFileSmall=VBAHmUvNcYP7BrTpDpgxYA==, figureFileBig=kf3IB+WzcFsaPWjribKF0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910657483124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图14, caption=CFRP加固的框架模型损伤, figureFileSmall=VBAHmUvNcYP7BrTpDpgxYA==, figureFileBig=kf3IB+WzcFsaPWjribKF0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910787506567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 15, caption=Steel cage stress diagram of the unretroffited frame, figureFileSmall=q92FHUAVtPJECDvmb+x0Uw==, figureFileBig=JejRdRHxCqCtTG1JB5c91w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802910900752790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图15, caption=未加固框架钢筋笼应力图, figureFileSmall=q92FHUAVtPJECDvmb+x0Uw==, figureFileBig=JejRdRHxCqCtTG1JB5c91w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802911005610403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 16, caption=Steel cage stress diagram of CFRP retrofitted frame, figureFileSmall=4NqZuiqFwKP9AYVo5dJqiA==, figureFileBig=eOg8jtIE52EfX5aoS015Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802911127245231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图16, caption=CFRP加固框架钢筋笼应力图, figureFileSmall=4NqZuiqFwKP9AYVo5dJqiA==, figureFileBig=eOg8jtIE52EfX5aoS015Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802912666554808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 17, caption=Load-displacement envelope curves of ordinary model, figureFileSmall=m/P/6O2/xSNkhJ0qa2JFXQ==, figureFileBig=REaTrPbhHBmZ8B9vmL3AVQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802912775606726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图17, caption=未加固框架模型试验与有限元骨架曲线, figureFileSmall=m/P/6O2/xSNkhJ0qa2JFXQ==, figureFileBig=REaTrPbhHBmZ8B9vmL3AVQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913010487776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 18, caption=Load-displacement envelope curves of CFRP retrofitted model, figureFileSmall=J5iKbrYtZjR1DONuqTDagQ==, figureFileBig=TTpus0N7QFVsX4oDwSf+Aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913178259952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图18, caption=CFRP加固框架模型试验与有限元骨架曲线曲线, figureFileSmall=J5iKbrYtZjR1DONuqTDagQ==, figureFileBig=TTpus0N7QFVsX4oDwSf+Aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913316671997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 19, caption=Test of the unretrofitted frame model and the finite element skeleton curves, figureFileSmall=r44ofeuKsnCkEPZemtnlBQ==, figureFileBig=JNnXdbBRJf5sjeZbzmy+fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913425723918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图19, caption=未加固框架模型试验与有限元滞回曲线, figureFileSmall=r44ofeuKsnCkEPZemtnlBQ==, figureFileBig=JNnXdbBRJf5sjeZbzmy+fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913547358745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 20, caption=CFRP retrofitted frame model test and finite element skeleton curves, figureFileSmall=Q9Ja7wkM7y9H3Tnqo6F8pQ==, figureFileBig=tlG4egWE4J6ctU8JatKjeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913664799271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图20, caption=CFRP加固框架模型试验与有限元滞回曲线, figureFileSmall=Q9Ja7wkM7y9H3Tnqo6F8pQ==, figureFileBig=tlG4egWE4J6ctU8JatKjeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913773851190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 21, caption=CFRP retrofit column diagram, figureFileSmall=xvtEsvQdyD6ev6r6NZIANA==, figureFileBig=c2DbTxjue97JGwPw090HtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802913903874627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图21, caption=混凝土柱加固示意图, figureFileSmall=xvtEsvQdyD6ev6r6NZIANA==, figureFileBig=c2DbTxjue97JGwPw090HtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802914004537932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 22, caption=Skeleton curves of each group, figureFileSmall=bmX6dMy6QJXJ3J1vq28jWA==, figureFileBig=iIKy3ccgUtAV58RP97383w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802914117784152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图22, caption=不同加固模型的骨架曲线, figureFileSmall=bmX6dMy6QJXJ3J1vq28jWA==, figureFileBig=iIKy3ccgUtAV58RP97383w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802914281362028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 23, caption=Stiffness degradation curves of each group, figureFileSmall=8kaYVZtUhcuLcQNzlXhMZQ==, figureFileBig=XLQljERifhCvDloQ2gqlJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802914382025333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图23, caption=不同加固模型的刚度退化曲线, figureFileSmall=8kaYVZtUhcuLcQNzlXhMZQ==, figureFileBig=XLQljERifhCvDloQ2gqlJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802914482688640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Fig. 24, caption=Relationship diagram of ductility factor of each group, figureFileSmall=PrLesCs10R+h/g+05MXIUA==, figureFileBig=V24/MGsElTuUtGPkPIA9Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802914566574732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=图24, caption=不同加固模型的延性系数关系图, figureFileSmall=PrLesCs10R+h/g+05MXIUA==, figureFileBig=V24/MGsElTuUtGPkPIA9Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241802914675626647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Performance parameters of materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
强度混凝土CFRP
立方体抗压强度fcu/MPa弹性模量Ec/MPa剪切模量G/MPa厚度/mm抗拉强度σ/MPa弹性模量E/GPa
C3034.4430764123060.23145210
), ArticleFig(id=1241802914826621606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

材料的性能参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
强度混凝土CFRP
立方体抗压强度fcu/MPa弹性模量Ec/MPa剪切模量G/MPa厚度/mm抗拉强度σ/MPa弹性模量E/GPa
C3034.4430764123060.23145210
), ArticleFig(id=1241802914939867827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Experimental results of the two groups of models

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验组极限位移/mm屈服位移/mm极限荷载/kN提高/%延性系数提高/%初始刚度kN/mm提高/%
试验未加固34.577.5440.374.598.94
试验CFRP加固33.505.9558.0843.875.9730.0712.4439.15
), ArticleFig(id=1241802915074085570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2组模型的试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验组极限位移/mm屈服位移/mm极限荷载/kN提高/%延性系数提高/%初始刚度kN/mm提高/%
试验未加固34.577.5440.374.598.94
试验CFRP加固33.505.9558.0843.875.9730.0712.4439.15
), ArticleFig(id=1241802915229274836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Material parameters of finite element models

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
C30混凝土CFRP
密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/MPa泊松比抗压强度/MPa密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/(×104 MPa)抗拉强度/MPa厚度/mm
2400307640.234.4415602131450.2
CFRPHPB300
密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/(×104 MPa)泊松比屈服强度/MPa密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/(×104 MPa)泊松比屈服强度/MPa
7800200.33357800200.3300
), ArticleFig(id=1241802915392852706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

有限元模型材料参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
C30混凝土CFRP
密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/MPa泊松比抗压强度/MPa密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/(×104 MPa)抗拉强度/MPa厚度/mm
2400307640.234.4415602131450.2
CFRPHPB300
密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/(×104 MPa)泊松比屈服强度/MPa密度/(kg/m3弹性模量Ec/(×104 MPa)泊松比屈服强度/MPa
7800200.33357800200.3300
), ArticleFig(id=1241802915497710317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison between experimental and finite element results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型组别极限位移/mm屈服位移/mm极限荷载/kN提高/%误差/%延性系数提高/%误差/%初始刚度/(kN/mm)提高/%
试验未加固32.307.1820.194.504.47
有限元未加固34.807.4520.702.534.673.784.67
试验CFRP加固35.206.0029.0443.835.8730.446.2239.15
有限元CFRP加固43.507.1029.0640.390.076.1331.264.436.7544.54
), ArticleFig(id=1241802915602567932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

试验与有限元结果数据对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型组别极限位移/mm屈服位移/mm极限荷载/kN提高/%误差/%延性系数提高/%误差/%初始刚度/(kN/mm)提高/%
试验未加固32.307.1820.194.504.47
有限元未加固34.807.4520.702.534.673.784.67
试验CFRP加固35.206.0029.0443.835.8730.446.2239.15
有限元CFRP加固43.507.1029.0640.390.076.1331.264.436.7544.54
), ArticleFig(id=1241802917188014857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Frame column model parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件编号柱截面尺寸/mm柱高度/mmCFRP条带总面积/mm2CFRP条带净间距/mmCFRP布幅宽/mm
A120×1201000
A0120×120100048000001000
A1120×1201000192000600200
A2120×1201000288000200200
A3120×1201000289920132151
A4120×120100028800080100
A5120×12010002851205874
A6120×12010002112008055
), ArticleFig(id=1241802917339009812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1241793459317703018, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

框架柱模型参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件编号柱截面尺寸/mm柱高度/mmCFRP条带总面积/mm2CFRP条带净间距/mmCFRP布幅宽/mm
A120×1201000
A0120×120100048000001000
A1120×1201000192000600200
A2120×1201000288000200200
A3120×1201000289920132151
A4120×120100028800080100
A5120×12010002851205874
A6120×12010002112008055
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Finite element analysis results of different reinforcement models

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A235.757.0025.6323.465.119.425.7723.55
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不同加固模型有限元分析结果

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CFRP加固钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能研究
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周洋 1, 2, 3, 4 , 刘翔宇 1 , 张学坦 1
地震工程与工程振动 | 2025,45(4): 180-190
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地震工程与工程振动 | 2025, 45(4): 180-190
CFRP加固钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能研究
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周洋1, 2, 3, 4 , 刘翔宇1, 张学坦1
作者信息
  • 1.防灾科技学院 地震工程与建筑安全学院,河北 三河 065201
  • 2.中国地震局建筑物破坏机理与防御重点实验室,河北 三河 065201
  • 3.河北省工程结构多灾害韧性与应急处置技术创新中心,河北 三河 065201
  • 4.廊坊市工程结构抗倒塌重点实验室,河北 三河 065201
  • 周洋(1987—),男,教授,博士,主要从事结构工程抗震研究。E-mail:

Research on seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame retrofitted by carbon fiber-reinforced polymer
Yang ZHOU1, 2, 3, 4 , Xiangyu LIU1, Xuetan ZHANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.Collage of Earthquake Engineering and Construction Safety, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Building Collapse Mechanism and Disaster Prevention, China Earthquake Administration, Sanhe 065201, China
  • 3.Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Multi-Hazard Resilience and Emergency Handling of Engineering Structures, Sanhe 065201, China
  • 4.Langfang Key Laboratory of Anti-Seismic Collapse of Engineering Structures, Sanhe 065201, China
出版时间: 2025-08-22 doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0418
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为改善钢筋混凝土框架的抗震性能,采用碳纤维增强复合材料(carbon fiber-reinforced polymer,CFRP)加固钢筋混凝土框架柱,通过抗震拟静力对比试验,研究了碳纤维布加固对钢筋混凝土柱破坏模式、耗能滞回曲线、刚度和承载力退化规律以及延性等方面的影响。试验结果表明:CFRP加固模型的极限承载力、初始刚度和延性分别提高43.89%、39.27%、30.10%;基于数值模型参数化研究,定量揭示了碳纤维布加固对钢筋混凝土柱抗震提升的贡献,提出了碳纤维加固优化设计思路。该文研究表明,采用CFRP全包加固和条带加固钢筋混凝土框架模型,整体结构的极限承载力、延性和耗能能力均有不同程度的提高,使得柱端破坏减小,梁端破坏增大,整体破坏模式由柱铰破坏向梁铰破坏转变;同时,不同CFRP加固面积和CFRP之间的间距影响对混凝土结构的加固效果。基于该文成果,条带宽度与间距比值的建议值为1.00~1.25。

碳纤维增强复合材料  /  钢筋混凝土柱  /  拟静力试验  /  有限元数值模拟  /  抗震性能

In order to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frames, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) was used to retrofit reinforced concrete frame structures. The effects of CFRP on the failure mode, the energy dissipation characteristics, the lateral stiffness degradation patterns, the ultimate bearing capacity degradation and the ductility of RC columns were investigated by the pseudo-static tests. The results show that the peak bearing capacity, initial stiffness and ductility of the CFRP reinforced model are increased by 43.89%, 39.27% and 30.10%, respectively. Based on the parametric study of the finite element model, the contribution of CFRP to the seismic upgrading effect of RC columns was quantitatively revealed, and the optimized design of CFRP retrofitted was proposed. The results indicated that the peak load, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the whole structure are improved by using CFRP full-wrap reinforcement and strip reinforcement models with different coverage areas. The damage degree of column decreases, the damage degree of beam increases, and the failure mode changes from “column hinge” to “beam hinge”. Simultaneously, different CFRP reinforcement areas and the distance between strip-shaped CFRP have different reinforcement effects on concrete structures. Based on the investigation results, the recommended ratio of the width of CFRP strip to its spacing is 1.00 to 1.25.

carbon fiber-reinforced polymer  /  reinforced concrete column  /  pseudo-static test  /  finite element numerical simulation  /  seismic performance
周洋, 刘翔宇, 张学坦. CFRP加固钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能研究. 地震工程与工程振动, 2025 , 45 (4) : 180 -190 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0418
Yang ZHOU, Xiangyu LIU, Xuetan ZHANG. Research on seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame retrofitted by carbon fiber-reinforced polymer[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2025 , 45 (4) : 180 -190 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0418
基于“强柱弱梁”设计理念的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震过程中出现“梁铰”整体屈服机制破坏,可实现结构具有理想变形能力的前提下梁铰耗能使得结构具有较理想的耗能性能。然而,新世纪以来的破坏性地震中,钢筋混凝土框架结构实际震害表明[1-7],设置了填充墙后,钢筋混凝土框架结构通常在柱端先发生屈服。针对这一现实问题,采用碳纤维加固是改善框架梁柱破坏模式的有效途径。
碳纤维增强复合材料(carbon fiber-reinforced polymer,CFRP)具有抗拉强度高、质量轻、施工便捷、良好的耐腐蚀性及耐久性等优点,在结构修复、修复和加固中得到了广泛的应用[8-9],CFRP加固可降低原结构的平均应力,显著提高构件的疲劳寿命。目前,外黏接CFRP因其工艺简单,施工方便而被广泛接受。然而,使用这种技术,由于CFRP与其他组件(混凝土和钢)之间的脱粘破坏,只有20%~30%的CFRP抗拉强度可以利用。采用预应力碳纤维布具有更有效的加固效果,还具有减小加固混凝土结构挠度和裂缝宽度、延缓混凝土开裂发生和内部钢筋屈服、消除过早脱粘破坏等优势,但是对于确定预应力控制值、施加体系和端部锚固的考虑较为复杂[10]
国内外的试验研究结果表明,利用CFRP加固后柱的延性、承载力和抗震性能有明显的提高[11-14]。近年来,国内外针对CFRP加固钢筋混凝土结构的研究集中在单个构件的加固,DIRIKGIL[15]、王吉忠等[16]利用CFRP加固钢筋混凝土柱,并分析了在循环侧向荷载作用下的受力性能,加固后柱的延性和承载能力均得到了显著提高;朱海洋等[17]、王廷彦等[18]采用CFRP布加固混凝土梁,探究锚固方式和混凝土梁是否损伤对加固效果的影响;舒林等[19]、方正等[20]研究了CFRP的用量对加固后混凝土板极限承载力的影响;郭晓云等[21]、郭建明等[22]基于拟静力试验研究了CFRP加固对框架整体抗震性能的影响;陈杰等[23]对3组1/4缩尺的两榀一跨填充墙框架模型进行拟静力试验,采用CFRP对短柱条带和全包加固,试验结果显示:CFRP加固能将短柱的脆性破坏转变为“强柱弱梁”型的破坏模式,2种加固方法均能提高整体结构的承载力和延性;张智梅等[24]、陆新征等[25]通过有限元数值模拟的方法研究了CFRP加固柱轴心受压的力学性能。以上试验及有限元模拟的研究都验证了CFRP加固后构件的承载力和延性均得到了提高,有利于结构的抗震性能。但只限于CFRP对钢筋混凝土梁、板、柱等单个构件加固的研究,且考虑CFRP加固对整体结构抗震性能影响和参数化定量分析的研究较少。本文对一组未加固和CFRP加固柱的框架模型进行拟静力试验,并对试验模型进行有限元建模计算,揭示CFRP加固对框架柱破坏模式的影响,基于参数化分析,以CFRP用量、幅宽及间距为控制参数探究条带加固框架柱的效果进行定量研究,基于结构层面对比研究CFRP全包和条带加固方式对结构抗震性能的影响。
本试验共设计并制作2组钢筋混凝土梁-柱模型开展拟静力试验,试验模型取选取漩口中学教学楼一层两榀一跨的框架结构模型,缩尺比例均为1∶4,其中一组为未加固的对照试验模型,另一组为CFRP全包加固模型,试验中为了保证轴压比的恒定,采用人工质量施加模型轴压比。试验模型见图1
框架梁的截面尺寸为120 mm×200 mm,框架柱的截面尺寸为120 mm×120 mm,梁长2 300 mm,柱高1000 mm。框架柱和梁均配置4根直径为10 mm的HRB335级受力筋,见图2。箍筋采用直径3 mm的HPB300级镀锌铁丝,柱箍筋非加密区间距为50 mm,加密区间距为25 mm,梁箍筋间距为100 mm,无加密区。柱的混凝土保护层厚度为10 mm,梁的混凝土保护层厚度为20 mm。试验所设钢筋均满足GB 50010—2010《混凝土结构设计规范》[26]的要求。
试验模型混凝土目标强度等级为C30,水泥、沙子、石子质量配比为1.00∶1.65∶3.36,水泥强度为42.5 MPa,水灰比约0.6,浇筑完成后在室内环境下养护28 d。加固模型在混凝土养护完成后对4根柱子进行倒角处理,将框架柱的四角打磨光滑不留棱角,再用CFRP对柱子进行全包加固见图1(b),在柱表面刷一层底胶,包裹一层碳纤维布,纤维编制方向沿柱环向,在包裹的CFRP上刷第2层胶,包裹搭接长度为100 mm。CFRP布采用常州市百丰碳纤维科技有限公司生产的300 g建筑加固用高强单向编织碳纤维布,加固胶采用环氧树脂胶与固化剂按质量比4∶1混合搅拌而成。材料的性能参数见表1
在试验模型框架梁上部放置一个混凝土盖板,混凝土盖板上均匀施加20 t配重提供竖向荷载,为保证轴压加载,试验模型共设计4根柱,混凝土强度采用实验平均值,计算柱轴压比为0.25。模型底座与反力地板采用锚固螺栓固定。试验采用MTS高精度液压伺服作动器通过位移控制对框架模型进行加载,整套试验系统见图3
试验加载工况根据JGJ/T 101—2015《建筑抗震试验方法规程》[27]确定,王墩等[28]指出为保证反复加载的连续性和均匀性,应首选用小位移幅值循环加载,屈服位移之前应减小级差进行加载,且位移增量通常为屈服位移的10%以内,本文初始位移幅值为屈服位移的2.5%。加载工况分为14级加载:0.2、0.4、0.8、1.2、2.0、3.0、4.0、8.0、12.0、16.0、20.0、30.0、40.0、50.0 mm,每个工况循环3次,0.2~4.0 mm加载频率为0.05 Hz,8.0~50.0 mm加载频率为0.01 Hz,见图4
未加固模型在1.2 mm工况加载完成后,混凝土表面无宏观可见裂缝,加载至2.0 mm工况时,柱端率先出现裂缝,梁端相对完好,表明即使不考虑楼板、填充墙等加强作用,“强柱弱梁”破坏模式亦难实现。加载至16.0 mm工况时,裂缝宽度大幅增加,并延伸至梁柱节点处;加载至20.0 mm工况时,梁端两侧开始出现裂缝;加载至30.0 mm工况时,梁柱节点处的裂缝贯穿到梁底,并有部分混凝土脱落,柱顶处裂缝明显。加载至50.0 mm时,梁柱节点处和梁底的混凝土脱落,此时柱底出现较大的裂缝并有混凝土脱落现象,见图5
CFRP加固模型在8.0 mm工况加载完成后,梁柱节点区域均无宏观可见裂缝,加载至12.0 mm工况时,梁柱节点区开始出现细微裂缝,裂缝随位移幅值的增加逐渐变大;16.0 mm工况梁柱节点处裂缝开始向梁端发展;20.0 mm工况时,梁端开始发生破坏,并伴随少量混凝土脱落;30.0~50.0 mm三级加载中梁柱节点区及梁端破坏情况明显,并伴随大量混凝土脱落,见图6(剥离CFRP后)。与未加固模型的破坏模式相比,加固模型梁柱节点区和梁端出现裂缝的工况较提前,且从30.0 mm工况开始梁端就伴随大量混凝土脱落,剔除CFRP布置后柱端破坏明显小于未加固模型,说明CFRP加固后柱的强度明显提高,破坏模式由“柱铰”破坏转变为“梁铰”破坏。
滞回曲线描述了往复水平荷载作用下结构构件的荷载-变形关系,反映了结构的变形性能、刚度退化及能量耗散的特性。2组模型的滞回曲线见图7图8。由滞回曲线对比可知,未加固模型极限承载力、初始刚度均小于加固模型,且滞回曲线存在明显的捏拢现象,表明梁-柱体系耗能能力不足,承载力退化较为严重,50.0 mm工况承载力仅为极限承载力的56.92%;CFRP加固模型极限承载力显著提升且滞回曲线相对更加饱满,在50.0 mm工况承载力退化至极限承载力的80.91%,仍具有较为理想的承载能力,加固后框架梁-柱体系具有更理想的耗能能力和延性。
骨架曲线是滞回曲线上各级加载的荷载极值点依次相连得到的包络曲线,能反应每次循环加载的水平荷载最大值,是确定恢复力模型中特征点的依据。根据表2和2组模型的骨架曲线(图9)及刚度退化曲线(图10)可知,相对于未加固模型,CFRP加固后模型承载力提升较为显著,且割线刚度也有一定程度的提升。加固后模型的极限承载力提高了43.89%,初始刚度提高了39.27%,延性提高了30.1%,试验结果表明CFRP加固在优化结构体系破坏模式与整体性能的同时,有效地提高了结构的极限承载力、延性和刚度。
为更好地开展CFRP加固参数化研究,研究加固方式对框架结构抗震性能的影响,建立了钢筋混凝土框架梁-柱数值分析模型,模型梁柱尺寸与配筋、材料性能、约束方式与边界条件、轴压比、加载方式与加载等级与试验模型一致,为提高计算效率,使用ABAQUS软件采用一榀一跨方式建模。混凝土采用C3D8R实体单元、钢筋采用T3D2桁架单元、CFRP采用M3D4R膜单元[29-30]。有限元模型见图11
混凝土本构采用塑性损伤模型(concrete damaged plasticity,CDP),钢筋本构采用双折线模型,CFRP采用正交各向异性的线弹性模型,3种材料的本构关系见图12,3种材料的参数均由试验得到,详细信息见表3
2种模型在50.0 mm工况下的损伤模式见图13图14。由损伤对比图可知,CFRP加固后的模型柱顶端损伤明显向梁端发展,底端损伤向地梁发展。钢筋笼的应力云图见图15图16,加固后钢筋笼的损伤向梁端发展,梁端钢筋笼的高应力区域明显扩大,表明CFRP加固后,能够优化框架梁-柱结构的破坏模式,减少柱端损伤。综合来看,通过CFRP加固后,框架结构在侧向力作用下的破坏模式由“强梁弱柱”柱端塑性铰脆性破坏向“强柱弱梁”梁端塑性铰延性转变。
2组数值模型骨架曲线与试验结果的对比分别见图17图18。2组模型的滞回曲线见图19图20。详细数据见表4。试验的滞回曲线有明显的“捏拢”现象,一方面是因为在往复荷载下,受破坏钢筋混凝土柱的应力-应变曲线在加载段的斜率往往会出现非常显著的变化,随后急剧下降,从而导致滞回环不能维持椭圆形或梭形,而是呈中间凹陷状,产生这种情况的原因与往复加载下构件裂缝的开合,及钢筋与混凝土之间的黏结力不足导致相对滑移有关;另一方面是试验模型梁顶面通过砂浆与盖板相连,连接的好坏程度会影响到推力的传递,容易出现滑移的现象。有限元模拟的曲线比较饱满是由于各个构件之间是在理想状态下计算的,难以模拟相对滑移的现象,故滞回曲线中间部分拟合程度不高。由骨架曲线对比可知,各级加载下数值模型与试验模型的峰值数据接近且变化趋势大致相同,但在大位移工况下对模型的累计损伤模拟欠准确(第3圈数据拟合度较低),总体而言,数值分析模型可以较为准确地模拟试验结果,同时需要明确的是,同级加载下的峰值承载力模拟值略高于试验值。
表4中延性系数由μ = Δu/Δy计算得到,其中μ为延性系数;Δu为极限侧向位移,取试件极限荷载下降至85%时对应的侧向位移;Δy为屈服位移,均根据冯鹏等[31-32]提出的最远点法求得。
为进一步研究CFRP加固方式对钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能的影响,在前节数值分析模型基础上,以CFRP布用量、净间距、条带宽度为控制参数,设计6种CFRP加固模型开展参数化研究,CFRP加固详细参数见表5,分析模型见图21
8组模型分析结果见表6,骨架曲线见图22。对比构件A1、构件A2、构件A0,极限承载力分别为24.46、25.63、29.06 kN,表明承载力提升与CFRP覆盖面积近似呈线性关系,但构件A1的延性在3组模型中表现最差,表明仅加固柱端,使得柱等效剪跨比降低,导致延性系数降低;对比构件A1、构件A6,加固面积相同的情况下,条带数量更多、间距更小,承载力、延性提升幅度更大。
各模型的骨架曲线见图22。由图可知,无论哪种加固方式,加固后模型的极限承载力均有提升,极限承载力的提升率随着CFRP用量的增大而提高,其中全包加固的模型承载力提升最大,模型A1只在柱两端进行加固,承载力提升幅度较小,且模型的延性最差,模型A2~模型A6对柱进行条带加固,加固效果根据CFRP条带宽度和间距的不同而变化,条带加固模型在达到最大承载力后骨架曲线下降速率相对较慢,这是因为随着CFRP布用量增加,相应的CFRP对混凝土约束的面积越大,约束效果也随之增加。
表6可知,构件A0、构件A2~构件A6的初始刚度和延性都有不同程度的提高,其中全包加固后极限承载力提升最大,提升幅度达到40.42%;同时,需要指出的是,仅对柱上下两端加固的构件A1初始刚度提高了20.56%,但延性较未加固模型降低了2.57%,这也是唯一出现延性降低的一种加固方式;构件A4具有最好的变形能力,其延性提升了35.97%,此时的条带宽度是柱净高的1/10,条带与净间距的比值为1.0∶0.8。
各模型的刚度退化曲线见图23,可见加固后的模型初始刚度均有不同程度的提升,全包加固模型的初始刚度提升幅度最大;同时,不同加固方式对刚度退化的影响并不显著,全部模型的刚度退化趋势基本一致,当层间位移角超过5%后,刚度退化趋势逐渐变缓。
条带宽度与间距比值对加固后框架结构延性的影响规律见图24。由模型A0、模型A1和模型A2可得延性系数和极限承载力随着CFRP布用量的增加而增大,由模型A1、模型A6和模型A2、模型A3、模型A4、模型A5以及模型A0、模型A4的对比发现,合理的设计条带与间距的比值,加固后柱的延性优于全包加固,CFRP加固面积相同的情况下,当条带宽度与间距比小于1.25时,延性系数随比值的增加而增大;模型A4和模型A5说明不能过于把条宽减小来增加延性,基于本文成果,条带宽度与间距比值的建议值为1.00~1.25。
本研究通过对2组两榀一跨框架结构模型进行拟静力试验,在试验结果基础上建立有限元模型,对CFRP布加固钢筋混凝土框架柱的抗震性能进行分析,并开展了CFRP加固参数化研究,研究了CFRP加固对钢筋混凝土框架破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、滞回耗能和刚度退化等方面的影响,得到如下结论:
1)基于抗震拟静力试验结果,CFRP全包加固钢筋混凝土框架模型承载力、初始刚度和延性分别提升了43.89%、39.27%和30.1%,加固后模型梁端出现明显的“塑性铰”破坏,同时柱端塑性铰区域显著减小,表明CFFP加固在提高钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能的同时,改善了整体的破坏模式,使得破坏模式由“柱铰”破坏向“梁铰”破坏转变。
2)基于数值分析结果,钢筋混凝土框架水平极限承载力与CFRP加固面积近似呈线性关系;相同加固面积的情况下,加固方式对结构延性影响较为显著,A6延性系数为5.77,A1仅有4.55;A4延性系数为6.35,A3仅有5.90。
3)CFRP全包加固与条带加固均能有效提升RC框架结构抗震性能,当CFRP宽度与间距比值介于1.00~1.25时,在保证侧向承载力的同时,结构体系将获得最优的延性。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3015704)
  • 中国地震局建筑物破坏机理与防御重点实验室开放基金项目(FZ201102)
  • 河北省重大科技支撑计划(24295401Z)
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2025年第45卷第4期
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doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2025.0418
  • 接收时间:2024-04-14
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2025-08-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-14
  • 修回日期:2025-02-27
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3015704)
中国地震局建筑物破坏机理与防御重点实验室开放基金项目(FZ201102)
河北省重大科技支撑计划(24295401Z)
作者信息
    1.防灾科技学院 地震工程与建筑安全学院,河北 三河 065201
    2.中国地震局建筑物破坏机理与防御重点实验室,河北 三河 065201
    3.河北省工程结构多灾害韧性与应急处置技术创新中心,河北 三河 065201
    4.廊坊市工程结构抗倒塌重点实验室,河北 三河 065201
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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