Article(id=1245389867740414668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0218, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1675440000000, receivedDateStr=2023-02-04, revisedDate=1683475200000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-08, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774853682693, onlineDateStr=2026-03-30, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774853682693, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774853682693, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774853682693, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1245389858412282468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, year='2024', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='232', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774853680470, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774854277127, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1245392361031840387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1245392361031840388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245389858412282468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=169, endPage=182, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1245389867992072916, articleId=1245389867740414668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, language=EN, title=Analysis of dynamic response characteristics of seabed saturated sediment under different permeability conditions, columnId=null, journalTitle=Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The pervious conditions of seabed sediments can directly affect their dynamic response characteristics during earthquakes, but most existing theoretical studies directly assume that the bottom of the sediments was an impermeable boundary. Therefore, based on Biot’s saturated porous media theory, through the analytical and semi-analytical solutions of the seabed transient response or steady-state response, the influence of the bottom water permeability conditions of the sedimentary layer on its dynamic response characteristics in earthquakes is studied. It is found that under the condition of bottom displacement excitation, fast wave or slow wave will generate the same type of compression wave when passing through the impermeable boundary of the sediment layer, and two types of compression waves will be generated when passing through the completely permeable boundary of the sediment layer. Even under the same excitation conditions, the vibration amplitudes of the two types of compression waves generated in the sediment layers with different permeabilities are significantly different. Permeable conditions at the bottom of the sediment layer also affect the frequency response characteristics of the seabed, and the displacement amplification coefficient of the bottom permeable sediment layer is large at low frequency. On the contrary, at high frequency, the displacement amplification coefficient of the bottom impermeable sediment layer is large.

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海床沉积层的透水条件可以直接影响其在地震中的动力响应特性,但是在现有的理论研究中,大部分都直接假设海床沉积层的底部为不透水边界。为此,基于Biot饱和多孔介质理论,通过求解沉积层瞬态响应和稳态响应的解析解或半解析解,研究了沉积层底部透水条件对其在地震中动力响应特性的影响。研究结果表明,在底部位移激励的条件下,快波和慢波经过沉积层的不透水底部边界时会产生一类压缩波,经过沉积层完全透水底部边界时会产生两类压缩波;即使在相同的激励条件下,不同透水性能的沉积层中产生的两类压缩波的振动幅值也具有非常显著的差异;沉积层底部透水条件也会影响海床的频率响应特性,低频时底部透水的沉积层的位移放大系数较大;相反,高频时底部不透水的沉积层的位移放大系数较大。

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单振东(1985—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事岩土地震工程方面研究。E-mail:
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李腾达(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事岩土地震工程方面研究。E-mail:

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不同透水条件下海底饱和沉积层动力响应特性分析
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李腾达 1, 2 , 单振东 1, 2 , 李金恺 1, 2 , 景立平 1, 2
地震工程与工程振动 | 2024,44(2): 169-182
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地震工程与工程振动 | 2024, 44(2): 169-182
不同透水条件下海底饱和沉积层动力响应特性分析
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李腾达1, 2 , 单振东1, 2 , 李金恺1, 2, 景立平1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中国地震局工程力学研究所 地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
  • 2.地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
  • 李腾达(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事岩土地震工程方面研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

单振东(1985—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事岩土地震工程方面研究。E-mail:
Analysis of dynamic response characteristics of seabed saturated sediment under different permeability conditions
Tengda LI1, 2 , Zhendong SHAN1, 2 , Jinkai LI1, 2, Liping JING1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China
doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0218
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海床沉积层的透水条件可以直接影响其在地震中的动力响应特性,但是在现有的理论研究中,大部分都直接假设海床沉积层的底部为不透水边界。为此,基于Biot饱和多孔介质理论,通过求解沉积层瞬态响应和稳态响应的解析解或半解析解,研究了沉积层底部透水条件对其在地震中动力响应特性的影响。研究结果表明,在底部位移激励的条件下,快波和慢波经过沉积层的不透水底部边界时会产生一类压缩波,经过沉积层完全透水底部边界时会产生两类压缩波;即使在相同的激励条件下,不同透水性能的沉积层中产生的两类压缩波的振动幅值也具有非常显著的差异;沉积层底部透水条件也会影响海床的频率响应特性,低频时底部透水的沉积层的位移放大系数较大;相反,高频时底部不透水的沉积层的位移放大系数较大。

海域地震  /  动力响应  /  透水边界条件  /  饱和沉积层  /  动力渗透系数

The pervious conditions of seabed sediments can directly affect their dynamic response characteristics during earthquakes, but most existing theoretical studies directly assume that the bottom of the sediments was an impermeable boundary. Therefore, based on Biot’s saturated porous media theory, through the analytical and semi-analytical solutions of the seabed transient response or steady-state response, the influence of the bottom water permeability conditions of the sedimentary layer on its dynamic response characteristics in earthquakes is studied. It is found that under the condition of bottom displacement excitation, fast wave or slow wave will generate the same type of compression wave when passing through the impermeable boundary of the sediment layer, and two types of compression waves will be generated when passing through the completely permeable boundary of the sediment layer. Even under the same excitation conditions, the vibration amplitudes of the two types of compression waves generated in the sediment layers with different permeabilities are significantly different. Permeable conditions at the bottom of the sediment layer also affect the frequency response characteristics of the seabed, and the displacement amplification coefficient of the bottom permeable sediment layer is large at low frequency. On the contrary, at high frequency, the displacement amplification coefficient of the bottom impermeable sediment layer is large.

sea area earthquake  /  dynamic response  /  permeable boundary conditions  /  saturated sedimentary layer  /  dynamic permeability coefficient
李腾达, 单振东, 李金恺, 景立平. 不同透水条件下海底饱和沉积层动力响应特性分析. 地震工程与工程振动, 2024 , 44 (2) : 169 -182 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0218
Tengda LI, Zhendong SHAN, Jinkai LI, Liping JING. Analysis of dynamic response characteristics of seabed saturated sediment under different permeability conditions[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2024 , 44 (2) : 169 -182 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0218
近几十年来,随着人类对海洋的开发利用进程加快,海域工程逐渐增多,考虑到波浪荷载和海域地震对海域基础设施和海床稳定性的重要影响(如海床液化和海上工程结构物失稳等问题),以减少其对海洋工程的破坏、减轻经济损失等为目的的相关研究逐年增加,如OHKAWA等[1]对沙质海床的水声探测的研究,LIU等[2]对波浪引起的海床液化的研究,LEE等[3]对海域结构物在地震动作用下的动力响应分析等。显然,对海床地震动特性进行深入且透彻地研究,具有重要的理论和工程意义。
自BIOT[4]建立多孔介质理论以来,大量学者开展了多孔介质动力特性的研究,其中关于海域地震动力学的解析和数值研究却是仍然有限[5],依然有很多难题亟待解决。STOLL等[6]最早将海床视为各向同性半无限多孔介质,并影响了诸多学者的研究工作;现实中,海床通常会包括一层厚厚的沉积物,因此,海床实际上更像是具有下伏基岩的层状沉积物[7]。在单层多孔介质海床的研究问题上,凌道盛等[8-9]计算了任意竖向荷载作用下单层饱和多孔介质一维瞬态响应精确解以及半解析解,SHAN等[10]在此基础上计算了单层非饱和海床的精确解等。海水层对沉积层海床的动力响应也存在影响,如MUNJAL[11]研究了斜入射平面波引起的动力反应问题;王进廷等[12]分析了位于弹性半空间上的理想流体层的动力响应问题;MADEO等[13]研究了波在纯流体/多孔介质界面上的传播;YE等[14]、CHEN等[15-16]研究了地震作用下海床的液化问题;SHAN等[17-18]计算了单层以及多层海床的瞬态响应问题的解析解或半解析解;LI等[19]计算了具有一般流体-多孔介质界面的海床动力响应问题。WANG等[20]研究了海床在波浪荷载下的动力响应问题。
此外,流体-多孔介质-弹性基岩系统的海底沉积层模型也被广泛应用,在研究中,基岩可以被视作弹性半无限体,如CHEN等[21-22]研究了斜入射声波的反射特性,并提出了能够考虑海水可压缩性的海底界面地震诱导动水压力的修正公式;WANG等[23-24]讨论了平面波在多孔介质以及基岩界面处的反射和透射问题等。考虑弹性基岩具体厚度的研究也不在少数,如WANG等[25]计算了P波、SV波入射在流体-多孔介质-固体系统内引起的动压解析解;张奎等[26-27]研究了深水地基场地的动力响应问题和等效线性分析方法;WANG等[28]研究了波浪和地震引起的海床的动力响应问题等。
然而,在上述研究中,仅讨论了沉积层底部为不透水边界条件的模型,未考虑沉积层底部的透水性对动力响应的影响。实际工程中,沉积层底部边界的透水情况却并不容忽略,比如:饱和砂层中超静孔隙水压力的计算[29]、软黏土的震陷[30]和固结[31-32]计算、饱和土动力响应特性计算[33]等都需要考虑透水条件对计算结果的影响。
因此,本文通过特征函数展开法和精细时程积分法,得到海床在多种典型边界条件下的解析解或半解析解。通过算例,分别讨论了沉积层底部透水性能以及不同动力渗透系数对地震中海床瞬态响应和稳态响应特性的影响,有助于深入探讨地震波在海床中的传播和耗散特性。
为研究海床在地震中的动力响应特性,建立如图1所示模型。本文分别讨论了饱和沉积层底部为完全透水边界和不透水边界2种情况对海床瞬态响应的影响。
假设海水为理想流体,则流体层中的位移uF和流体压力σF可表示为
式中:uF为流体层位移;σF为流体层压力;cF为流体波速,ρF为流体密度,λF为流体体积模量。
根据SIMON等[34]的推导,饱和多孔介质一维问题基本方程可表示为
式中:ρ为多孔介质密度,ρ =F+(1-nρsρs为固体骨架密度;σ为总应力;pF为流体压力;u为固体骨架位移;w为相对流体位移,其中,为流体位移,n为孔隙度,kD为动力渗透系数,kD =kf/ρFgkf为达西渗透系数;Qα为描述土骨架、固体颗粒可压缩性和流体可压缩性的参数,且1/Q =(α-n/Ks+n/λFα =1-Kb/KsKb为固体骨架体积模量,Ks为固体颗粒体积模量。
将式(2)~式(5)以位移的形式来表达,则有
式中:
根据建立的海床模型底部边界条件,为分析对该模型施加底部应力激励以及底部位移激励时的瞬态响应,设定以下4种边界条件:
式中,使pFH)= 0可表示模型底部完全透水边界,使wH)= 0可表示模型底部为不透水边界。通过调节f1t)和f2t)可以分别给该模型施加不同的顶部和底部激励,在后文中简称式(7)为up边界条件,简称式(8)为uw边界条件,简称式(9)为σp边界条件,简称式(10)为σw边界条件。
根据流体和饱和多孔介质的性质,流体层和饱和多孔介质层之间的界面(即z = 0处)满足以下3个界面条件:
假设流体层-饱和多孔介质层系统的初始位移和初始速度为0,则应满足如下条件:
up边界条件为例,介绍求解方法。碍于篇幅限制,后3种边界条件结果在附录A中给出。此时,基本方程(1)和方程(2)~方程(5)的定解条件即为up边界条件(7)、界面条件(11)、(12)、(13)和初始条件(14)。
对于动力渗透系数kD→∞的特殊情况,文中采用了特征函数展开法和待定系数法来求解饱和沉积层的瞬态响应。在这种情况下,我们可以直接得到其解析解。对于具有任意动态透系数的一般情况,文中则需要采用精细时程积分法进行求解。
为了满足特征函数展开法的使用条件,首先应该将非齐次边界条件进行齐次化处理。为此,将流体层和饱和多孔介质层中的位移分别分为
式中:udz)为动态解;usz)为静态解,且应满足up边界条件(7)、界面条件(11)、(12)、(13)以及初始条件(14),此时,可设uFuw的静态解形式为
将方程(15)、方程(16)代入up边界条件(7),得
此时,up边界条件的齐次化就已经得到实现。
同样的,将方程(15)、方程(16)代入界面条件(11)、(12)、(13),得
将方程(15)、方程(16)代入初始条件(14),得
通过代入方程(19)、方程(20),基本方程(1)~(5)也可以转换为
式中,
此时,非齐次边值问题已成功地转化为齐次边值问题,在已知边界条件(18)、界面条件(19)和初始条件(20)、(21)的情况下,我们通过使用特征函数展开法即可对方程(22)、方程(23)进行求解。
基本方程(22)、方程(23)的特征方程为
方程(25)、方程(26)的解为
式中:UdWd分别为uFuw的本征函数,ω是特征值,且为非负实数i为虚数单位。将方程解(27)、(28)代入到特征方程(25)、(26),当ω = 0时,得
为满足等式(29),通过推导,UdWd应存在如下关系:
而在ω>0时,根据方程(24)、方程(25)和其方程解(26)、(27),得
通过使用状态空间法,可以得到其解的形式为
式中,
式中,ΣdPd是有关于σpF的本征函数,矩阵指数函数exp[NFz+h)]等以及后文中涉及到有关其他矩阵指数函数的相关计算,可以通过使用Hamilton-Cayley定理[35]求得,此处不作叙述。
通过使用界面条件(19)和方程(32),得到以下结果:
式中,
将边界条件(18)中的后两项代入到方程(33),得
式中,vij为矩阵V的元素。可以看出,当且仅当系数矩阵的行列式等于0时,上述方程具有非零解,因此,得到关于ω的特征方程为
方程(35)拥有无限个正根,从最小到最大使用ωkk = 1,2,3,…)来表示。根据方程(35),还可以得到,的非零解:
式中,kk = 1,2,3,…)对应所求得的特征值ωk
根据上述推导,可将本征函数写成:
对于所得上述特征函数的正交性的验证,SHAN等[17]已经给出过类似的推导,本文中将不再作叙述。关于正交关系的等式为
式中,Gp为一个与特征函数正交关系相关的一个可以求得的函数。
根据待定系数法和线性叠加原理,方程(22)、方程(23)的解为
式中,的表达式见式(38)和式(39),Ωkt)是一个未知函数,可根据初始条件(20)、(21)在下文中求得。
在动力渗透系数kD → ∞时,利用初始条件(20)、(21)和正交关系(39),得
式中,
求解得到:
式中αT0αT1Ωp(0)和Ωpt(0)可通过使用状态空间方法求得。
此时,根据式(15)、式(16),将所求得的动态解与预设的静态解(7)以及ω = 0时所预设的解(29)求和,即可得到流体层中的位移uFzt)和饱和多孔介质中的位移uzt),其表达式为
式中:Ωω0t)为在ω = 0时所求得的Ωt);
对于动力渗透系数为其他情形时,可以使用精细时程积分法来求解Ωt),具体求解过程可参考SHAN等[17]
模型波场可写为如下形式。
流体层:
式中,AuAd分别为流体层中上行波和下行波引起的相应振幅。根据等式(1),得
沉积层:
式中,Bu1Bu2分别为沉积层中两类上行波所引起的相应振幅;Bd1Bd2分别为沉积层中两类下行波所引起的相应振幅,式中波数以及沉积层中的固相和液相相关振幅比δPn的求解过程及表达式见附录B。
通过边界条件(7)以及界面条件(11)、(12)、(13),结合等式(46)、(48)、(49),即
式中,矩阵MN见附录C。通过求解上述线性方程组,即可给出未知系数表达式。将系数代入方程中即可给出位移。
为研究沉积层底部透水条件对两类压缩波(快波P1和慢波P2)传播特性的影响。本节对比分析了模型在不同底部边界条件下(即upuwσpσw边界条件)的瞬态响应特性。本文解是级数形式的解,在数值计算中应进行截断处理,其精度取决于截断阶数。以下算例中,当kD → ∞时取前2 000项,其他情形下取前500项时,已经可以看到吉布斯现象不明显,能够确保计算的精确度。采用材料参数为:λ = 14.47 × 107 Pa,μ = 9.8 × 107 Pa,Ks = 1.1 × 1010 Pa,λF = 2.25 × 109 Pa,ρf =1000 kg/m3ρs =2700 kg/m3n =0.48。
假设沉积层底部受到单个正弦载荷激励,即
up边界条件:
uw边界条件:
式中,
上述2种边界条件外加激励相同,但前者表示模型底部完全透水,而后者表示模型底部不透水。
图2显示了动力渗透系数趋于无穷大时,0.005 s到0.07 s之间几个时间点海水层和沉积层内压缩波的传播情况,其中,z在0~20 m时为饱和沉积层,z在-10~0 m时为海水层。由于部分波多次反射或多次经过流固界面后,其实产生的幅值很小,为便于分析,0.05~0.07 s的图例中只标注重要的波,图例主要使用几种不同的颜色以区分不同原因下出现的波。
首先以up边界条件进行说明,由图2可知,P1波(黑色)到达流体-固体界面时会在流体层中产生一个透射波P,在沉积层中产生2个反射波P1和P2(绿色);海水层中P(绿色)在流-固界面会产生一个反射P波和2个透射波P1和P2(蓝色)。需要注意到的是,由于底部边界的透水性不同,P1波(绿色)到达不透水边界时,会产生一个反射波;但是,P1波(绿色)到达完全透水边界时,会产生2个反射波,即多产生一个P12波(绿色),同样的还可以看到,由P2波(绿色)经过完全透水边界时额外产生的P22波(绿色),P1波(蓝色)波经过完全透水边界时额外产生的P12波(蓝色),P1波(橙色)经过完全透水边界时额外产生的P12波(橙色)。两类压缩波本质上是由于流体与固体之间的相对位移所引起的,在渗透系数很大时,两类压缩波都能被明显的观测,而当渗透系数很小时,第二类压缩波幅值很小,且在传播初始阶段就很快消散。由于底部边界条件的不同,在不透水边界处,假设的边界条件为wH) = 0,此时流固之间没有相对位移,而在完全透水边界处wH)≠0,流固之间存在相对位移,因而当波抵达完全透水边界时,会额外产生一类压缩波,即图中所标示的P12波(绿色)、P22波(绿色)、P12波(蓝色)和P12波(橙色)。
相同激励条件下,不同透水性能的沉积层中产生的两类压缩波的幅值具有显著的差异。如图2中黑色标记所示,不透水边界产生的P1波幅值要远大于完全透水边界产生的P1波幅值;P2波刚好相反,完全透水边界产生的P2波幅值要远大于不透水边界产生的P2波幅值。出现这一现象的原因是:当底部边界不透水时,可以认为渗透系数很小,在底部输入正弦荷载后,此时的P2波会在较短的时间内快速消散,且其产生的幅值相对较小;当底部边界完全透水时,可以认为渗透系数无穷大,在底部输入正弦荷载后,此时产生的P2波产生的幅值相对较大。
假设沉积层底部受到位移阶跃载荷激励,则
up边界条件:
uw边界条件:
不同动力渗透系数时,up边界条件下和uw边界条件下的饱和沉积层中z = 2 m处的固体位移放大系数随时间变化曲线,如图3所示。如图3(a)、(b)所示,在动力渗透系数kD较大时,沉积层底部透水性能对其固体位移响应影响较大。2条曲线的振动周期不同、位移峰值大小和出现时间不同。由图可知,P1和P2初次到达观测点时,2种边界条件产生的位移幅值存在着显著的差异,即在不透水边界条件下,P1产生的位移放大系数约为0.6,明显大于完全透水边界条件时的0.1左右的位移放大系数;在完全透水边界条件下,P2产生的位移放大系数约为1左右,明显大于完全透水边界条件下产生的0.4左右的位移放大系数。
图3(c)~(e)所示,up边界条件下压缩波在kD = 10-6m4/(Ns)时耗散最快,uw边界条件下压缩波在kD = 10-5m4/(Ns)时耗散最快。与uw边界条件的模型相比,up边界条件下模型压缩波耗散速度更快,振动峰值偏小,其放大系数峰值差最大能达到1左右。如图3(e)所示,up边界条件下产生的时间位移曲线与uw边界条件下产生的时间位移曲线开始趋于接近。当动力渗透系数继续减小时,如图3(f)所示,在2种边界条件下,P1产生的位移幅值基本相同,P2产生的位移幅值分别也开始接近,两类波产生的唯一幅值差异减少,完全透水条件下产生的反射波P12也不能被明显观测到,说明底部界面的透水性对于饱和沉积层固体位移影响逐渐减小,最终趋于相同。
在沉积层底部施加u =u0exp[-iωt]的位移荷载时,不同透水条件下沉积层表面(z =0 m处)位移放大系数随频率变化曲线如图4所示。
沉积层底部透水条件会影响模型的频率响应特性,如图4(b)~(f)所示,低频时up模型的位移放大系数较大;相反,高频时uw模型的位移放大系数较大。
动力渗透系数的大小可以影响到多孔介质内流体与固体的耦合情况,因此,不同动力渗透系数的沉积层,底部透水条件对模型频率响应特性的影响不尽相同。由于两类压缩波的产生是流体与固体之间的位移引起的,在动力渗透系数较大时,沉积层内流固相对位移较大,所以压缩波产生的幅值较大,此时沉积层的固体位移放大系数也较大,且沉积层底部透水条件对位移放大系数影响异常显著。当动力渗透系数kD的较小时,沉积层内流体与固体相对位移很小,沉积层基本可以视作单相介质,因此沉积层的固体位移放大系数也有所减小,且透水条件对位移放大系数的影响变小,如图4(f)所示。
另外,曲线中位移放大系数峰值对应着模型的固有频率。当沉积层动力渗透系数较大时,流固间耦合较小,图4(a)、(b)中出现了多个峰值。随着动力渗透系数逐渐减小,流固间耦合逐渐增大,图4(c)~(f)中仅出现了1个峰值,且uw模型曲线峰值对应固有频率变动较小,up模型固有频率有较大的变化。
不同动力渗透系数条件下位移放大系数随深度变化情况如图5所示。由图可知,在频率2 Hz地震波作用下,up模型位移放大系数整体都大于uw模型位移放大系数,这与从图4中观察到的现象相同。
本文给出了海域场地中饱和沉积层在多种边界条件下瞬态响应和稳态响应的解析解以及半解析解。研究了沉积层底部透水性能和动力渗透系数对其动力响应特性的影响,分析了两类压缩波在不同边界条件下波动特性的差异。通过建立上文所述模型,采用所给定的参数,主要得到如下结论:
1)在相同底部位移激励条件下,沉积层不透水的底部边界会产生一类反射波,完全透水的底部边界会产生两类反射波。
2)在相同底部位移激励条件下,透水条件对两类压缩波产生的振动幅值存在着显著的影响,即相较于底面完全透水的沉积层,波P1在底面不透水的沉积层中产生的振动幅值明显更大,而P2的情况则刚好相反。
3)在相同底部位移激励条件下,底部不透水的沉积层在高频时(10 Hz以上)位移放大系数普遍较大,底部透水的沉积层在低频时(10 Hz以下)位移放大系数普遍较大。
4)在相同底部位移激励条件下,沉积层的固有频率受底部透水性能的影响,且随着动力渗透系数的减小,底部不透水的沉积层的固有频率基本稳定在15 Hz上下,其变化较小,底部透水的沉积层的固有频率则是逐渐增大,并最终趋近于15 Hz。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(U2039209; 41874067)
  • 黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(YQ2021D010)
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doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0218
  • 接收时间:2023-02-04
  • 首发时间:2026-03-30
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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-04
  • 修回日期:2023-05-08
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U2039209; 41874067)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(YQ2021D010)
作者信息
    1.中国地震局工程力学研究所 地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
    2.地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080

通讯作者:

单振东(1985—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事岩土地震工程方面研究。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzgcygczd/CN/10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0218
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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