Article(id=1245373258296574135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245373256329441426, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0105, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1663862400000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-23, revisedDate=1668873600000, revisedDateStr=2022-11-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774849722694, onlineDateStr=2026-03-30, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774849722694, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774849722694, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774849722694, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1245373256329441426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, year='2024', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='236', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774849722225, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774851286407, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1245379817042981204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245373256329441426, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1245379817042981205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, issueId=1245373256329441426, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=48, endPage=60, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1245373258514677945, articleId=1245373258296574135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, language=EN, title=Experimental study and numerical analysis on seismic behavior of PRC coupling beams with steel bar truss deck, columnId=null, journalTitle=Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to meet the needs of the rapid development of super high-rise buildings and modern industrialized residential building systems, a new type of plate-reinforced composite (PRC) coupling beam with steel bar truss deck is proposed. The failure mode, bearing capacity, deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity of PRC coupling beams without considering the effect of floor slab, with ordinary reinforced concrete(RC) floor slab and with steel bar truss deck were studied by quasi-static test. At the same time, ABAQUS software was used to analyze the stress development of concrete, steel plate and steel skeleton of PRC coupling beam with steel bar truss deck under different peak loads. The results indicate that the shear bearing capacity and ductility of the coupling beam can be significantly improved with steel bar truss deck, and the setting of steel bar truss deck can significantly increase the peak load of the coupling beam, and the improvement of the bearing capacity of PRC coupling beam with steel bar truss deck is stronger than that with RC slab. The forward peak load of specimen PRC-S3 is 31% and 18% higher than that of PRC-NS1 and PRC-S2, respectively, but the stiffness degradation of the coupling beams with slabs were more serious after cracks were produced at the junction of beams and slabs. PRC coupling beams with steel bar truss deck have superior energy dissipation capacity, and there are significant diagonal compressive struts in the span of the coupling beams. The main compressive strut and its derivative compressive struts together constitute the truss to bear the shear force. Stress concentration occurs at the bottom of the coupling beam in the upper and lower chord reinforcement of the truss and the longitudinal reinforcement of the coupling beam, and the cumulative energy dissipation corresponding to the failure point of the coupling beam specimen PRC-S3 is 1.39 times that of the specimen PRC-NS1 without slab.

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为适应超高层建筑以及现代工业化住宅建筑体系迅速发展的需要,提出了一种带钢筋桁架楼承板的新型钢板-混凝土组合(plate-reinforced composite,PRC)连梁。通过拟静力试验,分析了不考虑楼板作用、带普通钢筋混凝土(reinforced concrete,RC)楼板及带钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的破坏形态、承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力等。在此基础上,采用ABAQUS软件分析在不同峰值荷载作用下钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的混凝土、钢板和钢筋骨架的应力发展情况。研究结果表明:钢筋桁架楼承板的设置能显著提高小跨高比PRC连梁的受剪承载力、耗能能力和延性,设置楼板能显著提高连梁的峰值荷载,且带钢筋桁架楼承板对PRC连梁承载力的提升比带普通RC楼板更强,其连梁试件PRC-S3的正向峰值荷载比不带楼板连梁PRC-NS1和带普通RC楼板连梁PRC-S2分别提升了31%和18%,但带楼板连梁在梁板交界处产生通缝之后连梁的刚度退化较为严重;带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁具有优越的耗能能力,在连梁跨度范围内均出现了显著的对角压杆,主压杆及其衍生压杆共同构成桁架作用来承受剪力;楼承板桁架上下弦钢筋以及连梁纵筋均在连梁根部位置出现应力集中,且连梁试件PRC-S3破坏点对应的累积耗能是不带楼板试件PRC-NS1的1.39倍。

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田建勃(1986—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事钢-混凝土组合结构及其抗震研究。E-mail:

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田建勃(1986—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事钢-混凝土组合结构及其抗震研究。E-mail:

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田建勃(1986—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事钢-混凝土组合结构及其抗震研究。E-mail:

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label=Fig. 15, caption=Reinforcement framework stress development, figureFileSmall=OfJY2o65GhwGG3wKge+ecA==, figureFileBig=o6OC1ka4wCN6I7f/Vq2j/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245373271483466494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=CN, label=图15, caption=钢筋骨架应力发展, figureFileSmall=OfJY2o65GhwGG3wKge+ecA==, figureFileBig=o6OC1ka4wCN6I7f/Vq2j/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245373271617684231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=EN, label=Fig. 16, caption=Steel plate stress development, figureFileSmall=xzVcDpYY6WB8ss3ggpE1ZA==, figureFileBig=lC4DGYNc2oqntFKf+ATGeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245373271739319054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=CN, label=图16, caption=内置钢板应力发展, figureFileSmall=xzVcDpYY6WB8ss3ggpE1ZA==, figureFileBig=lC4DGYNc2oqntFKf+ATGeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1245373271827399446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Design parameters of specimens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号跨高比(ln/h)连梁纵筋配筋率ρz/%连梁配箍率ρt/%楼板配筋率ρ/%钢板高度D/mm钢板厚度t/mm连梁配板率ρp/%楼板类型
PRC-NS11.51.670.6326084.61
PRC-S21.51.670.630.8126084.61普通RC楼板
PRC-S31.51.670.630.8926084.61钢筋桁架楼承板
), ArticleFig(id=1245373271932257050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

试件设计参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号跨高比(ln/h)连梁纵筋配筋率ρz/%连梁配箍率ρt/%楼板配筋率ρ/%钢板高度D/mm钢板厚度t/mm连梁配板率ρp/%楼板类型
PRC-NS11.51.670.6326084.61
PRC-S21.51.670.630.8126084.61普通RC楼板
PRC-S31.51.670.630.8926084.61钢筋桁架楼承板
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272007754530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Parameters of steel performance

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
钢材种类钢材型号厚度(直径)/mm屈服强度fy/MPa抗拉强度fu/MPa
楼板钢筋HPB3006522756
连梁箍筋HPB3008318422
端块箍筋HPB30010366488
楼承板上弦杆钢筋HRB40010505674
楼承板下弦杆钢筋HRB4008501688
连梁纵筋HRB40014479634
端块腰筋HRB40016443601
连梁纵筋HRB40018462647
端块纵筋HRB40020483660
钢板Q3458325447
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272104223524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

钢材性能参数表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
钢材种类钢材型号厚度(直径)/mm屈服强度fy/MPa抗拉强度fu/MPa
楼板钢筋HPB3006522756
连梁箍筋HPB3008318422
端块箍筋HPB30010366488
楼承板上弦杆钢筋HRB40010505674
楼承板下弦杆钢筋HRB4008501688
连梁纵筋HRB40014479634
端块腰筋HRB40016443601
连梁纵筋HRB40018462647
端块纵筋HRB40020483660
钢板Q3458325447
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272200692523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Characteristic point test results and displacement ductility coefficients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号荷载方向屈服特征点峰值特征点破坏特征点位移延性系数
Vy/kNΔy/mmθyVm/kNΔm/mmθmVu/kNΔu/mmθuμ
PRC-NS1正向405.854.711/102455.529.891/49387.1919.901/244.234.02
负向393.624.581/105444.569.971/48377.8717.411/283.80
PRC-S2正向442.455.501/87504.5212.051/40428.9420.331/243.703.83
负向417.614.941/97495.8510.251/47421.4719.481/253.95
PRC-S3正向401.824.441/109597.2410.401/46475.6321.841/224.924.74
负向401.014.851/100599.7110.021/48464.8222.081/224.56
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272351687474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

特征点试验结果及位移延性系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号荷载方向屈服特征点峰值特征点破坏特征点位移延性系数
Vy/kNΔy/mmθyVm/kNΔm/mmθmVu/kNΔu/mmθuμ
PRC-NS1正向405.854.711/102455.529.891/49387.1919.901/244.234.02
负向393.624.581/105444.569.971/48377.8717.411/283.80
PRC-S2正向442.455.501/87504.5212.051/40428.9420.331/243.703.83
负向417.614.941/97495.8510.251/47421.4719.481/253.95
PRC-S3正向401.824.441/109597.2410.401/46475.6321.841/224.924.74
负向401.014.851/100599.7110.021/48464.8222.081/224.56
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272477516603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Shear compression ratio of specimens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号加载方向极限剪压比实测值极限剪压比设计值
PRC-NS10.330.67
0.320.65
PRC-S20.360.73
0.350.71
PRC-S30.430.87
0.430.87
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272578179904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

试件剪压比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号加载方向极限剪压比实测值极限剪压比设计值
PRC-NS10.330.67
0.320.65
PRC-S20.360.73
0.350.71
PRC-S30.430.87
0.430.87
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272704009032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Cumulative energy consumption at each stage

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号累积耗能E/(kN•mm)
屈服点峰值点破坏点
PRC-NS1562414883101039
PRC-S2582829607118784
PRC-S3665027463140880
), ArticleFig(id=1245373272834032464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241701559352995854, articleId=1245373258296574135, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各阶段累积耗能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号累积耗能E/(kN•mm)
屈服点峰值点破坏点
PRC-NS1562414883101039
PRC-S2582829607118784
PRC-S3665027463140880
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带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁抗震性能试验研究及数值分析
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田建勃 1 , 赵勇 1 , 陈黄健 2 , 吕权 2 , 李柏林 1 , 穆林 1
地震工程与工程振动 | 2024,44(1): 48-60
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地震工程与工程振动 | 2024, 44(1): 48-60
带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁抗震性能试验研究及数值分析
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田建勃1 , 赵勇1, 陈黄健2, 吕权2, 李柏林1, 穆林1
作者信息
  • 1.西安理工大学 土木建筑工程学院,陕西 西安 710048
  • 2.中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司,北京 100161
  • 田建勃(1986—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事钢-混凝土组合结构及其抗震研究。E-mail:

Experimental study and numerical analysis on seismic behavior of PRC coupling beams with steel bar truss deck
Jianbo TIAN1 , Yong ZHAO1, Huangjian CHEN2, Quan LV2, Bolin LI1, Lin MU1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
  • 2.China Construction First Group Corporation Limited, Beijing 100161, China
doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0105
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为适应超高层建筑以及现代工业化住宅建筑体系迅速发展的需要,提出了一种带钢筋桁架楼承板的新型钢板-混凝土组合(plate-reinforced composite,PRC)连梁。通过拟静力试验,分析了不考虑楼板作用、带普通钢筋混凝土(reinforced concrete,RC)楼板及带钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的破坏形态、承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力等。在此基础上,采用ABAQUS软件分析在不同峰值荷载作用下钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的混凝土、钢板和钢筋骨架的应力发展情况。研究结果表明:钢筋桁架楼承板的设置能显著提高小跨高比PRC连梁的受剪承载力、耗能能力和延性,设置楼板能显著提高连梁的峰值荷载,且带钢筋桁架楼承板对PRC连梁承载力的提升比带普通RC楼板更强,其连梁试件PRC-S3的正向峰值荷载比不带楼板连梁PRC-NS1和带普通RC楼板连梁PRC-S2分别提升了31%和18%,但带楼板连梁在梁板交界处产生通缝之后连梁的刚度退化较为严重;带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁具有优越的耗能能力,在连梁跨度范围内均出现了显著的对角压杆,主压杆及其衍生压杆共同构成桁架作用来承受剪力;楼承板桁架上下弦钢筋以及连梁纵筋均在连梁根部位置出现应力集中,且连梁试件PRC-S3破坏点对应的累积耗能是不带楼板试件PRC-NS1的1.39倍。

钢板-混凝土组合连梁  /  钢筋桁架楼承板  /  带板连梁  /  抗震性能  /  耗能能力  /  非线性有限元分析

In order to meet the needs of the rapid development of super high-rise buildings and modern industrialized residential building systems, a new type of plate-reinforced composite (PRC) coupling beam with steel bar truss deck is proposed. The failure mode, bearing capacity, deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity of PRC coupling beams without considering the effect of floor slab, with ordinary reinforced concrete(RC) floor slab and with steel bar truss deck were studied by quasi-static test. At the same time, ABAQUS software was used to analyze the stress development of concrete, steel plate and steel skeleton of PRC coupling beam with steel bar truss deck under different peak loads. The results indicate that the shear bearing capacity and ductility of the coupling beam can be significantly improved with steel bar truss deck, and the setting of steel bar truss deck can significantly increase the peak load of the coupling beam, and the improvement of the bearing capacity of PRC coupling beam with steel bar truss deck is stronger than that with RC slab. The forward peak load of specimen PRC-S3 is 31% and 18% higher than that of PRC-NS1 and PRC-S2, respectively, but the stiffness degradation of the coupling beams with slabs were more serious after cracks were produced at the junction of beams and slabs. PRC coupling beams with steel bar truss deck have superior energy dissipation capacity, and there are significant diagonal compressive struts in the span of the coupling beams. The main compressive strut and its derivative compressive struts together constitute the truss to bear the shear force. Stress concentration occurs at the bottom of the coupling beam in the upper and lower chord reinforcement of the truss and the longitudinal reinforcement of the coupling beam, and the cumulative energy dissipation corresponding to the failure point of the coupling beam specimen PRC-S3 is 1.39 times that of the specimen PRC-NS1 without slab.

plate-reinforced composite coupling beam  /  steel bar truss deck  /  coupling beam with slab  /  seismic behavior  /  energy dissipation capacity  /  nonlinear finite element analysis
田建勃, 赵勇, 陈黄健, 吕权, 李柏林, 穆林. 带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁抗震性能试验研究及数值分析. 地震工程与工程振动, 2024 , 44 (1) : 48 -60 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0105
Jianbo TIAN, Yong ZHAO, Huangjian CHEN, Quan LV, Bolin LI, Lin MU. Experimental study and numerical analysis on seismic behavior of PRC coupling beams with steel bar truss deck[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2024 , 44 (1) : 48 -60 . DOI: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0105
联肢剪力墙结构作为高效的抗侧力体系,其理想的破坏机制是所有连梁两端均出现弯曲塑性铰陆续屈服耗散部分地震能量后,剪力墙根部最后形成弯曲塑性铰而达到最佳屈服机制,因此作为第一道抗震防线的连梁,其类型及细部构造很大程度上决定了联肢剪力墙结构的抗震性能[1]。然而为满足高层结构刚度要求,连梁的设计跨高比一般小于2.5,当结构受侧向力的作用时,小跨高比连梁极易出现剪切斜裂缝发生脆性剪切破坏。
为进一步提高小跨高比连梁的抗震性能,目前主要是通过改变配筋方式[2-3]、改变连梁基本构成材料[4-5]、改变截面形式[6]、钢-混凝土组合连梁[7]和可更换连梁[8-9]等方法进行研究。研究结果表明,基于不同的连梁设计思路都在不同程度上改善了连梁的抗震性能,钢板-混凝土组合(plate-reinforced composite,PRC)连梁是一种抗震性能更优且施工方便的连梁形式,具有很好的应用前景。LAM等[10]提出了一种带有抗剪栓钉钢板的组合连梁并通过试验发现这种组合连梁的抗震性能显著提高。CHENG[11]分析了钢板-混凝土组合连梁钢板配板率、跨高比和纵筋配筋率对连梁抗震性能的影响。张刚[12]进行了6个钢板-混凝土组合连梁的往复加载试验,并给出了钢板的配板率和截面高度的建议值。侯炜等[13]对比分析了内嵌钢板组合连梁与交叉斜筋钢筋混凝土连梁的抗震性能,发现内嵌钢板混凝土组合连梁相较于传统配筋混凝土连梁具有更好的综合抗震性能且施工简单。
然而,在实际工程中,往往楼板与连梁整浇在一起,以往的试验研究大都不考虑楼板的这种作用,使其与实际工程中连梁的受力机理会有所不同,计算结果具有一定的误差。而对于少数考虑楼板作用的连梁试验研究也主要集中于普通的RC楼板[14-16],这并不能满足“工业化”住宅建筑体系的要求。近年来,随着国家住宅产业的快速发展,“工业化”住宅结构体系逐渐被大众所接受[17]。其中钢筋桁架楼承板[18]因其生产效率高,经济效益好,安装方便,节省资源、施工方便等优点被广泛的应用于“工业化”住宅建筑体系中。为此,本文在对小跨高比连梁弯、剪传力特性分析的基础上,完成了不同楼板形式对PRC连梁抗震性能影响的试验研究,揭示了带钢筋桁架楼承板对PRC连梁抗震性能的影响规律,分析了不考虑楼板作用、带普通RC楼板及带钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的破坏形态、承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力等。在此基础上,采用ABAQUS软件分析在不同峰值荷载作用下钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的混凝土、钢板和钢筋骨架的应力发展情况。
本试验设计并制作了3个组合连梁试件,跨高比均为1.5,试件设计参数如表1所示。各试件的组成均包括试件上下两端的端块及中部的组合连梁,为防止上、下端块破坏影响连梁的试验精度,应保证其具有足够的强度和刚度,上端块尺寸为1020 mm×600 mm×300 mm,下端块尺寸为1720 mm×600 mm×300 mm,上、下端块的配筋如图1(a)所示。连梁尺寸为ln×b×h = 480 mm×160 mm×320 mm,连梁、楼板混凝土保护层厚度为10 mm,端块的保护层厚度为25 mm。为钢板与混凝土之间的共同作用,在钢板的两侧焊接了抗剪栓钉,钢板的锚固长度选择1.34倍的梁高。其中,试件PRC-S2和试件PRC-S3除楼板形式不同,其他部分配筋和尺寸均相同,配筋如图1所示。
试验所用钢材的力学性能指标通过材性试验所得,其具体性能参数如表2所示。混凝土实测立方体试块抗压强度平均值为39.39 MPa。
试验根据JGJ/T 101—2015《建筑抗震试验规程》[19]采用顶部无转动的四连杆抗剪试验装置,各试件由水平作动器通过倒L型加载钢臂提供水平往复荷载。试件上端块与加载钢臂连接,钢臂上方安装有四连杆装置,可以使试件只进行平面内的平动,防止试件发生转动。下端块与刚性地梁连接,并且在上下端块两侧均设有固定装置防止试件的整体滑移和面外失稳。试验加载装置如图2所示。
本试验采用荷载-位移混合控制的加载制度[19],如图3所示。弹性阶段按照荷载控制开展往复加载,试件每级增加40 kN,每级循环一圈。试件屈服之后采用位移控制加载,每级增加2 mm,每级循环3次。试件承载力下降到峰值承载力的85%以下即认为试件破坏,为进一步分析内嵌钢板的持荷能力及在PRC连梁中的抗剪作用,荷载下降到峰值荷载的85%以后继续循环加载,直至试件已不适于继续承载时结束加载。
本次试验的测试内容包括:①试件破坏形态;②内嵌钢板及钢筋应变。试验数据由系统自动采集,位移计和应变片的布置情况如图4所示。其中,位移计A选用磁滞位移计,用以测量连梁2个根部之间相对线位移,测量位置为连梁在上梁墙交界处中心位置。位移计B、C交叉布置,用以测量连梁2个根部之间的剪切位移,位移计的布置图如图4(a)所示。在连梁箍筋的长肢钢筋上沿对角方向粘贴应变片来测量其受力情况,用拼音大写首字母G表示;在连梁纵筋位于梁墙交界位置的4个角处粘贴应变片,用拼音大写首字母Z表示;为了解内置钢板应力变化情况,在内置钢板的梁墙交界位置、连梁跨度的1/2和1/4位置粘贴应变片(花),分别用字母P和PH表示;钢筋桁架楼承板钢筋的应变片用字母S表示,应变片(花)的设置图如图4(d)所示。
试件PRC-NS1加载至+320 kN(θ = 1/102)时试件中部产生多条贯穿剪切斜裂缝。此后位移加载,加载至Δ = 6 mm(θ = 1/80)时,连梁左侧剪切斜裂缝进一步加宽;随着位移加载增大,加载至Δ = 10 mm(θ = 1/48)时,达到峰值455.5 kN。加载至Δ = 20 mm(θ = 1/24)时连梁的承载力值下降,此时连梁已破坏。最后按照增量为5 mm继续加载,直至Δ = -43 mm(θ = -1/11)时,连梁混凝土大面积退出工作,试件PRC-NS1的最终破坏情况如图5(a)所示。
试件PRC-S2水平荷载到达+80 kN(θ = 1/1455)时,连梁上部偏右位置出现首条斜裂缝,梁墙交界位置产生一条长约6 cm的竖直裂缝,并随着荷载增大而增大。随着荷载增大,加载至-360 kN(θ = -1/126)时,楼板背面连梁根部位置产生多条横向裂缝。此后位移加载,加载至Δ = 22 mm(θ = 1/22)时,试件基本丧失承载能力,连梁损伤严重。最后按照增量为5 mm继续加载,直至Δ = -43 mm(θ = -1/11)时,连梁混凝土基本退出工作,试件PRC-S2最终破坏情况如图5(b)所示。
试件PRC-S3在当荷载+400 kN(θ = 1/108)时,连梁无新的裂缝产生,原有的裂缝有一定程度的加宽。此后进入位移加载,加载至+10 mm(θ = 1/48)时,达到峰值597.24 kN,此时连梁对角斜裂缝基本连通;加载至+22 mm(θ = 1/22)时,连梁下部混凝土基本全部剥落,楼板底板与桁架之间的焊接断开,此时连梁基本丧失承载能力,认为试件已经破坏,试件PRC-S3最终破坏情况如图5(c)所示。
各试件最终都出现了对角剪切破坏,这是由于为了研究内置钢板对连梁抗剪的贡献,故在设计试件时增大了纵筋配筋量。并且在整个试验过程中,对角斜裂缝均发展明显,楼板的损伤主要集中在梁板连接端部,并且向梁板连接中部发展,但楼板可以降低连梁的破坏。试件PRC-S2连梁的破坏损伤要小于不带楼板连梁,究其原因是楼板混凝土及钢筋会参与连梁中靠近楼板一侧的受力而发生塑性变形,这也加快了连梁斜向压碎的过程。试件PRC-S3连梁破坏损伤明显小于试件PRC-S2,这就说明了带钢筋桁架楼承板可以明显的改善实际工程中连梁与RC楼板整浇在一起共同工作所引起的破坏严重的问题。各连梁内置钢板均在墙梁交接处发生屈曲,但钢板未开裂,说明连梁在加载过程中在墙梁交界处产生塑性铰。同时,钢板表面设置的抗剪栓钉产生弯曲和脱落,说明试件在加载过程中钢板与混凝土能够较好的协同工作,连梁内嵌钢板最终破坏形态如图6所示。
各组合连梁的滞回曲线如图7所示,分析得到以下主要结论:
1)3个连梁的滞回环都很饱满,各曲线未出现显著的捏拢情况,由此看出每个连梁的耗能能力都很强。在加载前期各连梁处于弹性阶段,荷载-位移曲线近似呈线性。
2)随着荷载增大,试件产生了一定程度的塑性损伤,残余变形开始增大,从而造成连梁在加载中出现了刚度及承载力退化现象。此时,斜裂缝的宽度不断增加,混凝土开裂严重逐渐退出了工作。
3)分析发现,试件PRC-S3相对于试件PRC-S2在曲线的下降更缓慢,并且具有更高的峰值荷载和极限荷载。
图8表3分别给出了各试件的骨架曲线和特征点试验结果,可以得出如下结论:
1)对比试件骨架曲线得到:试件PRC-S2相较与试件PRC-NS1的正向峰值荷载增大约10.76%,反向峰值荷载增大约11.54%。其次,骨架曲线在达到峰值荷载之后下降段的斜率几乎相同,试件达到破坏阶段时PRC-NS1正、负向连梁转弦角分别为1/24和1/28,试件PRC-S2为1/24和1/25,说明RC楼板的参加对于延缓连梁试件的破坏影响不大。
2)试件PRC-S3与PRC-S2规律基本相同,说明不同的楼板形式对连梁性能的提升差异不大;带钢筋桁架楼承板的连梁试件PRC-S3的正向峰值荷载比PRC-NS1和PRC-S2分别提升了31%和18%,反向分别提升了28%和22%。
3)带普通RC楼板PRC连梁延性系数低于不带楼板PRC连梁,这是因为楼板纵筋参与受力,使得带RC楼板连梁的名义剪压比高于不带楼板连梁,故其延性系数低于不带板连梁;其次,带钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁延性比带普通RC板连梁好。
剪压比的计算方法参照文献[15],其中混凝土变异系数本文取0.62。由表4可知,各试件剪压比实测值范围和设计值范围分别是0.32~0.43、0.65~0.87,由于连梁内嵌钢板的设置提高了普通钢筋混凝土连梁的受剪承载力,使其剪压比超出了GB 50010—2010《混凝土结构设计规范》[20]中规定的跨高比l/h≤2.5的钢筋混凝土连梁剪压比限值T0≤0.15。PRC-S3的实测剪压比(推、拉方向均为0.43)高于PRC-S2的实测剪压比(推、拉方向分别为0.36和0.35),说明带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁可以承担更多的剪力,试件PRC-S3具有更高的受剪承载力。
刚度退化曲线比骨架曲线更能直观的体现随着位移增加每级荷载循环下的刚度变化情况,由式(1)计算[21]
式中:KnΔnVn分别为第n次循环时的试件刚度、最大位移和最大位移的荷载。
试件PRC-S3、PRC-S2和PRC-NS1的刚度衰减曲线对比如图9所示。由图可知,各试件的刚度衰减曲线斜率相近,在加载初期各试件刚度衰减速率都很快,加载至中后期时刚度衰减速率明显减小,主要是因为加载后期连梁中部的剪切裂缝增多并不断延伸,在连梁中部形成了大量的贯穿裂缝,使混凝土大面积的压溃和剥落,连梁内部钢筋和钢板残余应变增加,刚度衰减速率逐渐变慢。
由于RC楼板纵筋参与连梁受力,提高了连梁的初始抗弯刚度,试件PRC-S2的初始刚度是PRC-NS1的2.06倍,因为楼板的设置使连梁的受力不平衡,加速了远离楼板的连梁一侧混凝土破坏,导致混凝土过早退出工作,从而导致PRC-S2前期的刚度衰减速率明显高于试件PRC-NS1,如图9(a)所示。试件PRC-S3与PRC-S2规律基本相同,在相同加载位移的情况下,PRC-S3比PRC-S2刚度衰减曲线斜率差异不大,说明楼板类型对于连梁的刚度衰减速率影响不大,但在加载过程中试件PRC-S3始终高于试件PRC-S2,说明带钢筋桁架楼承板的连梁性能优于带普通RC楼板的连梁,如图9(b)所示。
图10表5分别给出了试件累积耗能曲线和累积耗能数值,可以发现:
1)试验结束时,试件PRC-NS1和试件PRC-S2累积耗能数值相差不大,但每级加载后试件PRC-S2的耗能数值均大于试件PRC-NS1,这是因为试件PRC-S2在每级加载时楼板的塑性变形会使试件卸载时的变形恢复速度变慢,使得每一次加卸载时循环曲线包裹的面积都更大,这样会使得累积耗能比较高,但也会使试件更快破坏。
2)由于RC楼板参与能量耗散,使带RC楼板的PRC-S2试件耗散能量更多,试件PRC-S3破坏点对应的累积耗能是试件PRC-NS1的1.39倍,是试件PRC-S2的1.18倍,因此带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁相比于PRC连梁耗能更多,但是楼板类型对连梁的耗能情况影响不大。
采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁模型,本文混凝土受压本构采用混凝土塑性损伤(concrete damaged plasticity,CDP)模型,混凝土受拉本构采用“应力-裂缝宽度”关系描述混凝土受拉力学行为,混凝土本构关系参照文献[22]。钢材本构采用双折线模型,初始弹性模量为E0,钢材屈服后弹性模量为百分之一的初始弹性模量,此外,钢材初始弹性模量由材性试验所得。混凝土、钢筋和钢板分别采用实体单元(C3D8R)、三维线性桁架单元(T3D2)和壳单元(S4R)分离式建模。文献[23]表明,当在试验中钢板设置了足够数量的抗剪栓钉,可以忽略钢板与混凝土之间的滑移,因此模拟中钢板和钢筋均采用内嵌(Embedded)定义约束;钢臂和混凝土上端块选择Tie连接;加载点处的钢垫片与钢臂采用Tie连接,并且加载作用线过连梁跨中与试验保持一致;考虑连梁下端块在加载过程中保持固定状态,因此模型中下端块与参考点(RP-2)耦合并约束参考点6个方向上的自由度。为保证模拟分析有较好的收敛性,选择位移控制的加载方案,连梁PRC-S3的有限元模型如图11所示。
试件PRC-S3骨架曲线对比如图12所示。由图可知,ABAQUS的模拟曲线与试验骨架曲线吻合较好,但模拟曲线的峰值荷载略大于试验骨架曲线,二者之间误差保持在7%之内,这可能是由于试验中装置的松动造成的,而在模拟中试件是理想的边界条件,因此峰值荷载略高于试验值。楼板最终损伤对比如图13所示,由图可知,有限元模拟和试验中楼板的最终损伤均发生在墙板交接处,二者结果比较吻合,且模拟精度是较高的,因此所建立的模型是有效的。
试件PRC-S3的混凝土、钢筋骨架及内置钢板在50%峰值荷载、75%峰值荷载和100%峰值荷载作用下各阶段的应力发展云图如图14~图16所示,通过分析发现:
1)连梁模型在加载过程中连梁跨度范围内都出现了显著的对角压杆,当斜裂缝出现时,其会抵消部分剪力。连梁跨度中对角压杆的范围会随着加载的继续而增大,之后在连梁根部位置应力增长最快,主对角压杆慢慢衍生出大量不同角度的次压杆,和其共同构成桁架来承担剪力。
2)楼板桁架上下弦钢筋以及连梁纵筋的应力集中区域均位于连梁根部位置,且在加载至峰值点时纵筋都未屈服,楼板桁架钢筋在加载至峰值点时基本均已屈服。在试验过程的早期,内置钢板的应力集中主要出现在连梁中间位置以及连梁根部位置两侧,而且到达峰值阶段时内置钢板在连梁根部发生屈服,故内置钢板在上下端块内必须做好充足的锚固,使其更加充分的发挥抗剪作用。
本文提出了一种带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁,并通过拟静力试验和数值模拟方法研究了其抗震性能,得出如下结论:
1)各试件均出现了以对角剪切破坏为主的破坏模式,试验现象表明设置楼板能明显改变连梁的破坏过程,靠近楼板一侧的连梁损伤情况会明显小于远离楼板一侧;由于钢板参与了连梁端部塑性铰区的抗弯,因此钢板的损伤主要集中在连梁与上下墙肢的交接处。
2)设置楼板能显著提高连梁的峰值荷载,且带钢筋桁架楼承板对PRC连梁承载力的提升比带普通RC楼板更强;试件PRC-S3的正向峰值荷载比PRC-NS1和PRC-S2分别提升了31%和18%,反向分别提升了28%和22%。但是在钢筋桁架楼承板与连梁连接的交接面上由于产生贯穿裂缝使得连梁的刚度退化严重,试件强度降低。
3)考虑RC楼板作用的PRC连梁的破坏程度要高于不带楼板连梁,且带普通RC楼板PRC连梁延性系数低于不带楼板PRC连梁,这是因为楼板纵筋参与受力,使得带RC楼板连梁的名义剪压比高于不带楼板连梁,故其延性系数低于不带楼板连梁。
4)各试件连梁跨度范围内均出现了显著的对角压杆,主压杆及其衍生压杆共同构成桁架作用来承受剪力;楼承板桁架上下弦钢筋以及连梁纵筋均在连梁根部位置出现应力集中;内置钢板的应力集中主要出现在连梁中间位置以及根部位置两侧,故为了更好的利用内置钢板的抗剪性能,建议内置钢板在墙肢须要做好充足的锚固。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(51608441)
  • 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JM-220)
  • 中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M653878XB)
  • 陕西省教育厅专项科研项目(19JK0588)
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2024年第44卷第1期
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doi: 10.13197/j.eeed.2024.0105
  • 接收时间:2022-09-23
  • 首发时间:2026-03-30
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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-23
  • 修回日期:2022-11-20
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51608441)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JM-220)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M653878XB)
陕西省教育厅专项科研项目(19JK0588)
作者信息
    1.西安理工大学 土木建筑工程学院,陕西 西安 710048
    2.中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司,北京 100161
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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