Article(id=1322276022179967327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1322276007797702769, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000470, pmid=null, cstr=32421.14.j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000470, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1755619200000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1760025600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-10-10, onlineDate=1793184770387, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1789833600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793184770387, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793184770387, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793184770387, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322276007797702769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, year='2026', volume='54', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='252', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789833600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793184766959, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793185369041, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322278533200728093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1322276007797702769, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322278533200728094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1322276007797702769, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=127, endPage=139, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322276022423236960, articleId=1322276022179967327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=EN, title=Effect of selective laser melting processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Al-Ni alloy, columnId=1220689384450478826, journalTitle=Journal of Materials Engineering, columnName=RESEARCH ARTICLE, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Selective laser melting (SLM) technology, with its unique solidification characteristics, can overcome the issue of coarse grain size in conventionally cast alloys. To achieve grain refinement and improve the mechanical properties of Cu-Al-Ni alloy prepared by SLM, the effects of key process parameters, including laser power and scanning speed, on the microstructure and mechanical properties perpendicular to and along the building direction are studied. The results show that fully overlapping melt tracks are present perpendicular to the building direction, in contrast, parallel to the building direction, it shows columnar grains that have grown epitaxially layer by layer. Both directions primarily consist of lath martensite. With increasing scanning speed at constant laser power, or with slightly decreasing laser power at fixed scanning speed, the melt tracks become narrower, and both the grains and martensite are refined. At a laser power of 280 W and a scanning speed of 850 mm/s, the resulting alloy exhibits the narrowest melt tracks, the finest grain size and martensitic structure, and the best mechanical properties. The hardness and compression strength measured along the building direction reach 251.2HV and 1465 MPa, respectively, while these perpendicular to the building direction reach 245.7HV and 1189 MPa, respectively. The refinement of grains and martensite is attributed to the high cooling rate inherent to SLM, and the improvement of mechanical properties is mainly due to grain refinement strengthening. The fine columnar grains, dense martensite and presence of twinning along the building direction result in higher interface density, which provides stronger resistance to dislocation slip, thereby leading to superior mechanical properties.
, authors=Zhixian JIAO
1, Xuan ZHU
2, Hefeng DENG
1, Yanjun DING
3, authorsList=Zhixian JIAO, Xuan ZHU, Hefeng DENG, Yanjun DING, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhixian JIAO, Yanjun DING, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322276025929675129, articleId=1322276022179967327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=CN, title=选区激光熔融工艺参数对Cu-Al-Ni合金组织和力学性能的影响, columnId=1220689384622445292, journalTitle=材料工程, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
选区激光熔融(selective laser melting,SLM)技术凭借独特凝固行为,可突破传统熔铸合金晶粒粗大难题。为实现SLM制备Cu-A1-Ni合金的晶粒细化,并提高其力学性能,研究了关键工艺参数激光功率和扫描速度对SLM制备Cu-A1-Ni合金垂直于打印方向和打印方向上微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,样品垂直于打印方向呈现搭接完整的熔覆道,样品打印方向则为逐层累积的柱状晶,两个方向均观察到了板条状马氏体组织。当激光功率不变,扫描速度增加,或扫描速度不变,适当降低激光功率时,熔覆道变窄,晶粒和马氏体变细。当激光功率为280 W,扫描速度为850 mm/s时,所制备合金的熔覆道最窄,晶粒和马氏体最细,力学性能最佳,其打印方向的硬度和压缩强度分别达到251.2HV和1465 MPa,垂直于打印方向的这两个指标则分别达到245.7HV和1189 MPa。晶粒和马氏体的细化归因于SLM提供的高冷却速率,力学性能的提升主要来自细晶强化机制,而样品打印方向细的柱状晶、致密的马氏体和孪晶导致合金内部界面密度更高,对位错滑移的阻碍作用更强,因此力学性能更佳。
, authors=焦志娴
1, 朱轩
2, 邓贺锋
1, 丁燕军
3, authorsList=焦志娴, 朱轩, 邓贺锋, 丁燕军, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=焦志娴, 丁燕军, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
焦志娴(1992—),女,实验师,博士,主要研究方向为新型高阻尼材料,联系地址:天津市津南区大沽南路1310号天津职业技术师范大学机械工程学院(300222),E-mail:
zxjiao@tute.edu.cn丁燕军(1991—),男,工程师,博士,主要研究方向为高强高导铜合金材料,联系地址:天津市西青区中北镇紫光路86号中色创新研究院(天津)有限公司(300393),E-mail:
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1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology and Education,Tianjin 300222,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322276027003416977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, authorId=1322276026856616334, language=CN, stringName=邓贺锋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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SEM images of the Cu-Al-Ni alloy powder(a)-(c),and element distribution images of EDS mapping(d)-(f), figureFileSmall=r0kCKUUn+6HcUkQ9JmL4iQ==, figureFileBig=xN69vy8znWB35MfwHa2Xag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276027955524000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
Cu-Al-Ni合金原料粉末SEM图(a)~(c)及EDS面扫元素分布图(d)~(f), figureFileSmall=r0kCKUUn+6HcUkQ9JmL4iQ==, figureFileBig=xN69vy8znWB35MfwHa2Xag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276029717131681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Schematic illustration of the fabrication principle,macroscopic morphology, and sampling method for the SLM-processed Cu-Al-Ni alloy(a)SLM forming principle;(b)macroscopic morphology of the as-built specimen;(c)sampling direction for compression testing, figureFileSmall=6WhNP/oOsUw7NpdXFT36Zw==, figureFileBig=sIrq7heHsiRkvUnHgmR7kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276029805212066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
SLM制备Cu-Al-Ni合金的工艺原理、宏观形貌与取样示意图(a)SLM成形原理;(b)成形件试样宏观形貌;(c)压缩样品取样方向, figureFileSmall=6WhNP/oOsUw7NpdXFT36Zw==, figureFileBig=sIrq7heHsiRkvUnHgmR7kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276029859738019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Phase composition of the Cu-Al-Ni alloy(a)Cu-Al-Ni (4%Ni) ternary phase diagram[27];(b)XRD pattern of the Cu-Al-Ni alloy powder, figureFileSmall=e4lpwEVFOItLjgdmEic8og==, figureFileBig=Fywyo2GIb1PsuWGSc4Rqvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276029931041188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
Cu-Al-Ni合金的相组成(a)Cu-Al-Ni (4%Ni) 三元合金相图[27];(b)Cu-Al-Ni合金粉的XRD谱, figureFileSmall=e4lpwEVFOItLjgdmEic8og==, figureFileBig=Fywyo2GIb1PsuWGSc4Rqvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030006538661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
OM images of the SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy under different laser power and scanning speeds,taken perpendicular to the building direction(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=yZqnfHH2UTElSi4cteNhKA==, figureFileBig=ceUptoY1AOapkPNAriGhPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030098813350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度所制备SLM Cu-Al-Ni合金样品垂直于打印方向的OM图(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=yZqnfHH2UTElSi4cteNhKA==, figureFileBig=ceUptoY1AOapkPNAriGhPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030157533607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
OM images of the SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy under different laser power and scanning speeds,taken along the building direction and the statistical diagram of the transverse grain size(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=UhqxZppom4ifydKsVvLpug==, figureFileBig=WEUcLjvtMmNu70+h2WvhJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030220448168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度所制备SLM Cu-Al-Ni合金样品打印方向的OM图及横向晶粒尺寸的统计图(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=UhqxZppom4ifydKsVvLpug==, figureFileBig=WEUcLjvtMmNu70+h2WvhJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030279168425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
SEM images of the SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy under different laser power and scanning speeds,taken perpendicular to the building direction and the statistical diagram of martensitic lath size(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=kNHtlRkGyEEbGM0Ke268UA==, figureFileBig=u0FqgrAPpefjTPjUvhUSjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030342082986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度所制备SLM Cu-Al-Ni合金样品垂直于打印方向的SEM图以及马氏体板条尺寸的统计图(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=kNHtlRkGyEEbGM0Ke268UA==, figureFileBig=u0FqgrAPpefjTPjUvhUSjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030413386155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
SEM images of the SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy under different laser power and scanning speeds,taken along the building direction and the statistical diagram of martensitic flat size(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=yapRIANRIHxQSN5FdwZBZg==, figureFileBig=0nIBAo3VvE1ufun0W1dB7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030472106412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度所制备SLM Cu-Al-Ni合金样品打印方向的SEM图以及马氏体板条尺寸的统计图(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)310 W/800 mm/s;(e),(f)280 W/850 mm/s;(g),(h)250 W/800 mm/s, figureFileSmall=yapRIANRIHxQSN5FdwZBZg==, figureFileBig=0nIBAo3VvE1ufun0W1dB7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030530826669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
TEM results of the SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy under the laser power of 280 W and scanning speeds of 850 mm/s(a)BF image;(b)HRTEM image;(c)selected area electron diffraction pattern, figureFileSmall=cPeliHY63PI9DOsWAj3sxg==, figureFileBig=yF1WoWxojwAiy9GdV7M86g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030593741230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
采用280 W激光功率和850 mm/s扫描速度所制备SLM Cu-Al-Ni合金样品的TEM观察结果(a)明场图;(b)高分辨图;(c)选区电子衍射图, figureFileSmall=cPeliHY63PI9DOsWAj3sxg==, figureFileBig=yF1WoWxojwAiy9GdV7M86g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030660850095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
XRD patterns of the SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy by different laser power and scanning speeds(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)280 W/850 mm/s, figureFileSmall=0hRp3qP/G/951O68gow8/Q==, figureFileBig=rQJZYlr2Qm3wj296bwLbOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030727958960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度所制备Cu-Al-Ni合金样品的XRD图谱(a),(b)310 W/650 mm/s;(c),(d)280 W/850 mm/s, figureFileSmall=0hRp3qP/G/951O68gow8/Q==, figureFileBig=rQJZYlr2Qm3wj296bwLbOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030803456433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Hardness of the SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy by different laser power and scanning speeds, figureFileSmall=nVpkdT0/cMV8sKkpiHSd3Q==, figureFileBig=k3ocBcOauYW516cCf9zsaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030866370994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度所制备Cu-Al-Ni合金样品的硬度, figureFileSmall=nVpkdT0/cMV8sKkpiHSd3Q==, figureFileBig=k3ocBcOauYW516cCf9zsaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276030937674163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Compressive properties perpendicular to the building direction of SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy under different laser power and scanning speeds(a)typical compressive stress-strain curves;(b)compressive strength and maximum compressive strain, figureFileSmall=gptVVNmfonisX0UDDbFq1w==, figureFileBig=PtNTQG/HozhS1YhLvUX+jA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276031008977332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度制备Cu-Al-Ni合金垂直于打印方向的压缩力学性能(a)典型的压缩应力-应变曲线;(b)抗压强度和最大压缩应变, figureFileSmall=gptVVNmfonisX0UDDbFq1w==, figureFileBig=PtNTQG/HozhS1YhLvUX+jA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276031088669109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Compressive properties along the building direction of SLM-fabricated Cu-Al-Ni alloy under different laser power and scanning speeds(a)typical compressive stress-strain curves;(b)compressive strength and maximum compressive strain, figureFileSmall=0/tRFZaX+QO0TV6APmRg9g==, figureFileBig=p8p3er1ZctISV0WqXYlnpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276031155777974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
采用不同激光功率和扫描速度制备Cu-Al-Ni合金打印方向的压缩力学性能(a)典型的压缩应力-应变曲线;(b)抗压强度和最大压缩应变, figureFileSmall=0/tRFZaX+QO0TV6APmRg9g==, figureFileBig=p8p3er1ZctISV0WqXYlnpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322276031227081143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Chemical compositions of the experimental Cu-Al-Ni alloy powder (mass fraction/%)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Al | Ni | Fe | S | O | N | Cu |
|---|
| 13.56 | 3.92 | 0.047 | 0.0014 | 0.013 | <0.001 | Bal. |
), ArticleFig(id=1322276031289995704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
实验用Cu-Al-Ni合金粉末的化学成分(质量分数/%)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Al | Ni | Fe | S | O | N | Cu |
|---|
| 13.56 | 3.92 | 0.047 | 0.0014 | 0.013 | <0.001 | Bal. |
), ArticleFig(id=1322276031378076089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Particle size distribution of the experimental Cu-Al-Ni alloy powder
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| D10/μm | D50/μm | D90/μm |
|---|
| 22.491 | 34.901 | 53.512 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322276031436796346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
实验用Cu-Al-Ni合金粉末的粒径分布
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| D10/μm | D50/μm | D90/μm |
|---|
| 22.491 | 34.901 | 53.512 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322276031495516603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
EDS mapping results of the Fig.1(a)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Element | Mass fraction/% | Atom fraction/% |
|---|
| Cu | 82.31 | 69.33 |
| Al | 13.57 | 26.92 |
| Ni | 4.12 | 3.75 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322276031562625468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
图1(a)的EDS面扫检测结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Element | Mass fraction/% | Atom fraction/% |
|---|
| Cu | 82.31 | 69.33 |
| Al | 13.57 | 26.92 |
| Ni | 4.12 | 3.75 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322276031638122941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Process parameters for Cu-Al-Ni alloy fabricated by SLM
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Laser power/W | Scanning speed/ (mm·s-1) | Laser energy density/ (J·mm-3) | Thickness of powder layer/mm | Scanning spacing/ mm | Scanning rotation/ (°) |
|---|
| 250-310 | 650-850 | 87-133 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 67 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322276031709426110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1322276022179967327, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
SLM 制备Cu-Al-Ni合金的工艺参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Laser power/W | Scanning speed/ (mm·s-1) | Laser energy density/ (J·mm-3) | Thickness of powder layer/mm | Scanning spacing/ mm | Scanning rotation/ (°) |
|---|
| 250-310 | 650-850 | 87-133 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 67 |
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