Article(id=1321927322115093142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1321927171292123557, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000819, pmid=null, cstr=32421.14.j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000819, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1701705600000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-05, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1704643200000, acceptedDateStr=2024-01-08, onlineDate=1793101633813, onlineDateStr=2026-10-27, pubDate=1773936000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793101633813, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793101633813, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793101633813, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321927171292123557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, year='2026', volume='54', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='272', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1773936000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793101597855, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793101597855, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=161, endPage=169, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321927322312225431, articleId=1321927322115093142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=EN, title=Influence of surface treatment on microstructure of 2024 aluminum alloy hot compression bonding interface, columnId=1220689384450478826, journalTitle=Journal of Materials Engineering, columnName=RESEARCH ARTICLE, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Three different surface treatments—sandpaper polishing, chemical cleaning, and electrolytic polishing combined with chemical cleaning are employed to conduct hot compression bonding tests on 2024 aluminum alloy. The interface microstructure and the interface healing effect under different surface treatment conditions are investigated using characterization techniques such as OM,SEM, and EBSD. The results reveal that under the three surface treatment conditions, the types of interfacial oxide elements are identical, while variations exist in the quantity and size of the oxides. After holding for 4 h, second-phase particles within the matrix precipitate extensively along grain boundaries and at the bonding interface. For the sandpaper-polished specimen, oxides and second-phase particles at the interface account for approximately 32% of the interface area; this proportion is about 42% for the chemically cleaned specimen, and roughly 28% for the specimen subjected to electrolytic polishing combined with chemical cleaning. Interface healing is achieved through the synergistic action of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and continuous dynamic recrystallization. Based on the microstructural characteristics of the bonding interface, the interface healing rate is utilized to evaluate the degree of interface healing. After statistical calculations, the order of the interface healing rate is as follows: electrolytic polishing combined with chemical cleaning>sandpaper polishing>chemical cleaning.

, authors=Xiaopeng ZHANG1, 2, Xuewen CHEN1, Jianqiang WANG2, Zheng ZHOU1, Shengqing WU2, Mingyue SUN2, authorsList=Xiaopeng ZHANG, Xuewen CHEN, Jianqiang WANG, Zheng ZHOU, Shengqing WU, Mingyue SUN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xuewen CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321927326384894638, articleId=1321927322115093142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=CN, title=表面处理对2024铝合金热变形连接界面微观组织的影响, columnId=1220689384622445292, journalTitle=材料工程, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

采用砂纸打磨、化学清洗、电解抛光+化学清洗三种不同的表面处理方式对2024铝合金开展了热变形连接实验,通过OM、SEM、EBSD等表征手段研究了不同表面处理状态下的界面微观组织及界面愈合效果。结果表明:三种表面处理方式下界面氧化物元素种类相同,氧化物数量和尺寸存在一定差异。保温4 h后,基体中第二相颗粒沿晶界及连接界面大量析出,砂纸打磨的试样界面处氧化物及第二相颗粒约占界面的32%;化学清洗试样约为42%;电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处氧化物约占界面的28%。界面在不连续动态再结晶和连续动态再结晶的共同作用下实现愈合。根据连接界面微观组织特征,采用界面愈合率来评价界面愈合程度,经统计计算,界面愈合率的顺序为:电解抛光+化学清洗>砂纸打磨>化学清洗。

, authors=张晓鹏1, 2, 陈学文1, 汪建强2, 周正1, 吴升清2, 孙明月2, authorsList=张晓鹏, 陈学文, 汪建强, 周正, 吴升清, 孙明月, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=陈学文, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
陈学文(1970—),男,教授,博士,主要从事精密成形零件质量控制与热加工过程数值仿真,联系地址:洛阳市洛龙区开元大道263号河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院 (471023),E-mail:
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Chemical compositions of 2024Al (mass fraction/%)

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CuMgMnSiFeZnTiAl
4.151.570.610.350.330.120.05Bal.
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2024Al化学成分(质量分数/%)

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CuMgMnSiFeZnTiAl
4.151.570.610.350.330.120.05Bal.
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Chemical compositions of interfacial oxides(mass fraction/%)

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PointAlCuMgOFeMnSi
192.91.73.80.50.10.20.8
293.13.41.71.40.00.10.2
388.07.62.02.00.00.10.2
492.33.81.42.10.00.20.1
587.22.21.11.72.82.52.4
683.72.60.81.63.73.64.0
786.37.31.54.60.00.10.2
887.87.71.32.80.00.10.3
992.02.21.33.80.00.20.3
1088.64.21.35.60.00.10.2
1188.36,12.03.30.00.20.1
1285.73.83.46.90.00.10.1
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界面氧化物化学成分(质量分数/%)

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PointAlCuMgOFeMnSi
192.91.73.80.50.10.20.8
293.13.41.71.40.00.10.2
388.07.62.02.00.00.10.2
492.33.81.42.10.00.20.1
587.22.21.11.72.82.52.4
683.72.60.81.63.73.64.0
786.37.31.54.60.00.10.2
887.87.71.32.80.00.10.3
992.02.21.33.80.00.20.3
1088.64.21.35.60.00.10.2
1188.36,12.03.30.00.20.1
1285.73.83.46.90.00.10.1
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表面处理对2024铝合金热变形连接界面微观组织的影响
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张晓鹏 1, 2 , 陈学文 1 , 汪建强 2 , 周正 1 , 吴升清 2 , 孙明月 2
材料工程 | 研究论文 2026,54(3): 161-169
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材料工程 |研究论文 2026 , 54 (3) : 161 -169
表面处理对2024铝合金热变形连接界面微观组织的影响
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张晓鹏1, 2, 陈学文1 , 汪建强2, 周正1, 吴升清2, 孙明月2
作者信息
  • 1.河南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院,河南 洛阳 471023
  • 2.中国科学院金属研究所 沈阳材料科学国家研究中心,沈阳 110016
通讯作者:
陈学文(1970—),男,教授,博士,主要从事精密成形零件质量控制与热加工过程数值仿真,联系地址:洛阳市洛龙区开元大道263号河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院 (471023),E-mail:
Influence of surface treatment on microstructure of 2024 aluminum alloy hot compression bonding interface
Xiaopeng ZHANG1, 2, Xuewen CHEN1 , Jianqiang WANG2, Zheng ZHOU1, Shengqing WU2, Mingyue SUN2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China
  • 2.Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China
出版时间: 2026-03-20 doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000819
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采用砂纸打磨、化学清洗、电解抛光+化学清洗三种不同的表面处理方式对2024铝合金开展了热变形连接实验,通过OM、SEM、EBSD等表征手段研究了不同表面处理状态下的界面微观组织及界面愈合效果。结果表明:三种表面处理方式下界面氧化物元素种类相同,氧化物数量和尺寸存在一定差异。保温4 h后,基体中第二相颗粒沿晶界及连接界面大量析出,砂纸打磨的试样界面处氧化物及第二相颗粒约占界面的32%;化学清洗试样约为42%;电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处氧化物约占界面的28%。界面在不连续动态再结晶和连续动态再结晶的共同作用下实现愈合。根据连接界面微观组织特征,采用界面愈合率来评价界面愈合程度,经统计计算,界面愈合率的顺序为:电解抛光+化学清洗>砂纸打磨>化学清洗。

2024铝合金  /  热变形连接  /  表面处理  /  氧化物  /  界面愈合率

Three different surface treatments—sandpaper polishing, chemical cleaning, and electrolytic polishing combined with chemical cleaning are employed to conduct hot compression bonding tests on 2024 aluminum alloy. The interface microstructure and the interface healing effect under different surface treatment conditions are investigated using characterization techniques such as OM,SEM, and EBSD. The results reveal that under the three surface treatment conditions, the types of interfacial oxide elements are identical, while variations exist in the quantity and size of the oxides. After holding for 4 h, second-phase particles within the matrix precipitate extensively along grain boundaries and at the bonding interface. For the sandpaper-polished specimen, oxides and second-phase particles at the interface account for approximately 32% of the interface area; this proportion is about 42% for the chemically cleaned specimen, and roughly 28% for the specimen subjected to electrolytic polishing combined with chemical cleaning. Interface healing is achieved through the synergistic action of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and continuous dynamic recrystallization. Based on the microstructural characteristics of the bonding interface, the interface healing rate is utilized to evaluate the degree of interface healing. After statistical calculations, the order of the interface healing rate is as follows: electrolytic polishing combined with chemical cleaning>sandpaper polishing>chemical cleaning.

2024 aluminum alloy  /  hot compression bonding  /  surface treatment  /  oxides  /  interface bonding ratio
张晓鹏, 陈学文, 汪建强, 周正, 吴升清, 孙明月. 表面处理对2024铝合金热变形连接界面微观组织的影响. 材料工程, 2026 , 54 (3) : 161 -169 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000819
Xiaopeng ZHANG, Xuewen CHEN, Jianqiang WANG, Zheng ZHOU, Shengqing WU, Mingyue SUN. Influence of surface treatment on microstructure of 2024 aluminum alloy hot compression bonding interface[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2026 , 54 (3) : 161 -169 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000819
2024铝合金是一种典型的2×××系列(Al-Cu-Mg)可热处理强化合金,具有比强度高、耐腐蚀性好、抗疲劳性能优异等特点,在航空航天、轨道交通、重型装备、船舶交通等领域中得到广泛应用[1-4]。铝合金极易发生氧化,形成的致密氧化铝薄膜是影响焊接质量的关键因素之一[5]。在焊接过程中,因铝合金的高导热性,易产生夹渣和气孔,也会对焊接质量产生重要影响[6]。Azida等[7]通过研究A6061铝合金钎焊焊接接头得知,焊缝处富集的Al2O3和MgAl2O4导致焊接质量降低。陈志元等[8]研究了2219铝合金TIG焊接接头的微观组织形貌,发现在焊缝和熔合区出现少量的气孔缺陷。Zhou等[9]发现2060铝合金激光焊接接头在焊缝底部存在小气孔,且极不均匀的微观组织易导致应力集中使得抗拉强度下降。
热变形连接是金属固态连接的一种,通过对金属施加大变形,在热力耦合作用下,实现原子结合[10]。从已开展的316不锈钢[11]、高温合金[12]、高氮钢[13]、ODS钢[14]、钛合金[15]等材料的热变形机理研究得知,界面氧化物是影响界面愈合的关键因素。Liu等[16]研究了IN718合金在1150 ℃下的真空氧化行为,发现随氧化时间的增加,氧化物逐渐分解和转化。Liu等[17]研究了Cr4Mo4V高速钢在热变形连接过程中的界面氧化行为,发现界面处形成的Si—Al—O和SiO2颗粒最终会经保温处理转变为纳米级Al2O3颗粒。Xie等[18]研究了热变形连接过程中不同真空度下的316LN不锈钢界面氧化物,发现较高的真空度会导致氧化物厚度变薄且不稳定,从而形成良好的连接界面。Chen等[19]通过热变形连接非晶发现,增大应变使表面氧化膜破碎露出新鲜金属从而实现部分连接,但破碎氧化膜会堆积在界面上。
在热变形连接过程中,初始表面状态是影响界面冶金结合的关键因素。铝合金极易在大气下发生氧化,形成致密的氧化膜,严重影响界面的愈合效果。Li等[20]研究了铣削处理产生的表面粗糙度对316H热变形连接界面强度的影响,发现随表面粗糙度的降低,界面上空隙数量减少,界面上元素分布趋于均匀,强度和伸长度均发生改善。Chen等[21]采用Ar离子束对纯铝表面进行处理,有效去除了铝表面的氧化膜,实现了Al/Al的低温连接。Zuruzi等[22]对比了不同粗糙度砂纸打磨下扩散焊接接头的质量,发现在低粗糙度下研磨的连接接头质量更高。Kang等[23]采用不同的表面处理方法包括溶剂清洗、林产品实验室蚀刻(FPL)、磷酸阳极氧化(PAA)和铬酸阳极氧化(CAA)处理,研究了表面处理方法对焊接质量的影响,发现结合强度受表面粗糙度的影响最大。巩云峰等[24]对比了砂纸打磨+化学清洗和化学清洗两种表面处理方式下的接头质量,发现只进行化学清洗时的扩散连接效果更好。Huang等[25]在扩散连接过程中,为去除表面氧化膜对金属与金属之间接触的影响,在机械打磨获得的无氧化物表面涂抹有机溶剂,可以很好地防止界面在连接过程中氧化,增强界面的结合效果。上述结果表明,热变形连接试样进行恰当的表面处理方法有利于提高连接界面的愈合效果。
本工作以2024铝合金为研究对象,开展了砂纸打磨、化学清洗以及电解抛光+化学清洗三种不同表面处理的热变形连接实验研究,通过OM、SEM和EBSD等表征方法观察了界面微观组织演变过程,讨论分析了不同表面处理下的界面愈合效果,为后期铝合金热变形连接的工程化应用提供一定理论支撑。
实验材料采用挤压态2024铝合金(2024Al),化学成分如表1所示。图1为挤压态2024铝合金的SEM图及相应EDS面扫描分布图。由面扫描可知,2024铝合金主要含有Cu、Mg、Mn、Fe、Si等元素,并结合已有文献确定挤压态2024铝合金含有S相(Al2CuMg)、θ相(Al2Cu)以及富AlFeMnSi相[26]。
使用线切割切取若干8 mm×9 mm×10 mm的试样,经过2000#的SiC砂纸研磨后待用。砂纸打磨后的试样,部分进行电解抛光待用,电解电压30 V,抛光时间为15 s,电解液为10%HClO4(体积分数,下同)+ 90%CH3CH2OH;部分进行化学清洗,即先使用NaOH溶液浸泡,再使用HNO3溶液浸泡。电解抛光后的试样部分同样进行化学清洗待用。采用Gleeble-3500型热模拟机对不同表面处理的试样进行热变形连接实验,如图2所示。试样以5 ℃/s的加热速率升温至指定温度后保温3 min,随后进行热变形连接,变形温度设定为490 ℃,应变速率为0.1 s-1,变形量为10%、50%。对变形连接的试样进行切割、抛光和腐蚀后,进行连接界面微观组织观察。金相组织的腐蚀剂为H2O(95 mL)+HNO3(2.5 mL)+HCl(1.5 mL)+HF(1.0 mL),腐蚀时间为15 s。EBSD样品采用电解抛光制备,电解液为HClO4(10%)+CH3CH2OH(90%),电解抛光时间为15 s,电解抛光电压为30 V。
图3为10%变形量不同表面处理下连接界面的微观组织OM图。由图3可以看出,在10%变形量下连接界面处存在明显的界面痕迹。砂纸打磨及化学清洗试样的连接界面呈直线状,未发现结合区域(图3(a),(b))。电解抛光+化学清洗的连接界面呈断续状,部分界面消失(图3(c))。
图4为50%变形量不同表面处理下连接界面处的微观组织OM图。变形量为50%时,剧烈塑性变形使三种表面处理下的晶粒发生细化,界面痕迹变得不明显,连接界面处出现晶界弓出现象(图4(a))和120°三叉晶界(图4(b)),界面消失区域增加(图4(c))。在热变形连接过程中,变形使得位错发生交叉滑移和滑动,形成较高的能量集中,产生新的再结晶晶粒。在界面连接前,界面两侧晶界基本垂直于界面,界面处呈90°的三叉晶界具有高能量,为了降低晶界能量,界面上的晶界弯曲形成凹槽状,当晶界的表面张力与自由表面平衡时,界面变得弯曲,三叉晶界角度变为120°,原始界面变得不稳定,开始产生新的三叉晶界[27],促进界面愈合。
为使界面愈合率进一步提高,将热变形连接后的试样在490 ℃下进行4 h的保温处理。保温处理后,砂纸打磨试样界面区域出现再结晶晶粒,部分连接界面被再结晶晶粒所代替(图4(d)),界面由保温前的笔直状变为弯曲起伏的线形,少量界面被细小的再结晶晶粒代替(图4(e),(f))。
为进一步研究不同表面处理下连接界面的微观组织形貌,采用SEM对连接界面进行微观组织分析。图5为10%变形量下不同表面处理界面显微组织SEM图。从图5(a)可以看出,砂纸打磨试样界面处存在一条明显的氧化层,界面处于未结合状态。化学清洗试样界面呈现出微微起伏的波浪形,且界面氧化层变得模糊(图5(b))。相比于另外两种表面处理方式,电解抛光+化学清洗的试样,界面处出现少量界面消失区域(图5(c))。
图6为50%变形量不同表面处理下连接界面的组织形貌。变形量增加至50%,较大的塑性变形使得界面处氧化层基本消失,连接界面处出现白色氧化物。砂纸打磨及电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处出现细长的孔洞(图6(a),(c))。化学清洗试样界面几乎消失,在界面处出现明显的三叉晶界(图6(b))。保温处理后,材料中的第二相颗粒S相(Al2CuMg)和θ相(Al2Cu)沿晶界及连接界面析出,占据界面位置[28],界面痕迹起伏更加明显(图6(e),(f)),沿界面处出现少量的孔洞(图6(d),(e))。
对图6(a)中的白色氧化物Line 1进行EDS线扫描分析,白色氧化物主要由Cu、Mg、O元素组成,如图7所示。不同表面处理下界面白色氧化物的数量有所不同,为更直观地统计界面氧化物数量,采用界面氧化物占比(γ)来定量评价热变形连接界面的氧化物,其定义如图8(a)所示,界面氧化物的宽度总和与界面总宽度之比即界面氧化物占比[29]。不同表面处理下界面氧化物数量占比统计结果如图8(b),(c)所示,其中,砂纸打磨试样界面处氧化物约占界面的23%;化学清洗试样约为14.5%;电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处氧化物仅占界面的2%;保温4 h处理后,砂纸打磨试样界面处氧化物及第二相颗粒约占界面的32%;化学清洗试样约为42%;电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处氧化物约占界面的28%。
图9为50%变形量下界面氧化物及第二相颗粒组织形貌。保温处理前,砂纸打磨试样界面处长条状白色氧化物沿界面方向水平分布,尺寸约为1.5 μm(图9(a))。化学清洗试样界面处出现尺寸约为1 μm的灰色颗粒状氧化物(图9(b))。电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处的氧化物尺寸明显小于另两种表面处理方式,白色颗粒状氧化物尺寸约为0.3 μm(图9(c))。通过对比保温前三种表面处理下的试样界面显微组织可知,电解抛光+化学清洗的试样界面氧化物数量及尺寸均小于另两种表面处理方式。
保温处理后,砂纸打磨试样和化学清洗试样的界面几乎完全被第二相颗粒所代替,且连接界面处有明显的微裂纹存在(图9(d),(e))。电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处析出的第二相颗粒尺寸较小(图9(f))。对界面处白色颗粒做EDS点扫描分析,其成分如表2所示。由表2可知,图9(a),(c)中的氧化物主要由Al、Cu、Mg元素组成,表面界面处的白色氧化物是三种元素的复合氧化物。与其他氧化物所不同的是,图9(b)中尺寸约为1 μm的灰色氧化物主要由Fe、Mn、Si元素组成。以上结果表明,电解抛光+化学清洗的表面处理可以有效地减少界面氧化物及保温后的第二相颗粒析出。
图10为490 ℃保温4 h后三种不同表面处理状态下的IPF图及再结晶图,其中白色线代表取向差2°~15°的小角度晶界,黑色线代表取向差大于15°的高角度晶界,黄色表示亚晶粒,蓝色表示再结晶晶粒,红色表示变形晶粒,实线圈为虚线圈放大图。由图10(a-1)可知,砂纸打磨试样连接界面几乎完全消失,仅有少量连接界面存在。连接界面由大量变形晶粒和再结晶晶粒组成(图10(a-2))。化学清洗试样界面区域出现了三叉晶界以及轻微的晶界弓出现象(图10(b-1)),界面区域仅有少量再结晶晶粒存在(图10(b-2))。电解抛光+化学清洗试样连接界面出现明显的晶界弓出现象,界面呈明显的波浪状(图10(c-1)),大量再结晶晶粒占据界面位置,在界面处有大量的亚晶存在(图10(c-2))。
铝合金再结晶的方式为连续动态再结晶和不连续动态再结晶两种机制并存[30]。由于铝合金晶体取向的不均匀性,界面两侧滑移系启动存在差异,界面两侧变形不协调,导致界面两侧应变不均引起应变储能差异,在应变梯度的驱动下,界面晶界发生迁移使得局部界面晶界弓出,同时弓出晶粒后端形成亚晶界,并逐渐转变为大角度晶界,使弓出区域形成再结晶晶粒,如图10中黑色实线框1和3所示,此为典型的不连续动态再结晶机制。连续动态再结晶通过亚晶的持续转动转变为具有大角度晶界的再结晶晶粒,在此过程中仅有少量的晶界迁移存在,如图10中黑色实线框2和4所示。
为了更有效地对比不同表面处理下界面愈合程度,Hill等[31]考虑连接界面微观孔洞的影响,提出了一种固态扩散连接模型。Gourdet等[32]提出IN718高温合金构筑连接界面愈合率,定义为界面晶界迁移的总长度与界面总长度的比值,但仅考虑了界面晶界迁移的影响。连接界面处氧化物及第二相颗粒都会影响界面愈合率,为了全面地评价连接接头的结合性能,考虑界面处的晶界迁移以及界面氧化物及第二相颗粒,界面愈合率Rb由两部分组成,即无氧化物和第二相颗粒的界面长度Lo、界面晶界迁移的界面长度Lm占连接界面L的比值。考虑两种不同界面特征的界面愈合率可分别由式(1)~(3)计算获得:
Rb=(Ro+Rm)/2
Ro=∑i=1nLo(i)/L
Rm=∑i=1nLm(i)/L
式中:Ro、Rm分别为无氧化物及第二相颗粒的愈合率和界面晶界迁移的愈合率。由于界面愈合率是界面微观组织特征的综合体现,为了方便描述,将两种界面特征的界面愈合率归一化处理[28]。三种表面处理下的界面愈合率如图11所示。由于砂纸打磨界面再结晶效果明显, Rm高于另两种表面处理方式。但从界面处氧化物及第二相颗粒数量来讲,电解抛光+化学清洗的表面处理方式界面处氧化物及第二相颗粒数量最少,Ro最高。综合以上两种界面特征,经统计计算, Rb的顺序为:电解抛光+化学清洗>砂纸打磨>化学清洗。
(1)不同表面处理状态下界面氧化物皆为Cu、Mg、O的复合氧化物,氧化物数量及尺寸存在一定差异。保温4 h后,基体材料中的第二相颗粒沿晶界及连接界面析出。砂纸打磨的试样界面处氧化物及第二相颗粒约占界面的32%;化学清洗试样约为42%;电解抛光+化学清洗试样界面处氧化物约占界面的28%。
(2)不连续动态再结晶通过界面晶界迁移使得局部晶界弓出形成再结晶晶粒,连续动态再结晶通过亚晶的持续转动转变为具有大角度晶界的再结晶晶粒,界面在不连续动态再结晶和连续动态再结晶的共同作用下实现部分愈合。
(3)为比较不同表面处理下界面的愈合率,考虑界面处的晶界迁移和界面氧化物及第二相颗粒,界面愈合率的顺序为:电解抛光+化学清洗>砂纸打磨>化学清洗。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0702900)
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52173305)
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52101061)
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52233017)
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52203384)
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doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000819
  • 接收时间:2023-12-05
  • 首发时间:2026-10-27
  • 出版时间:2026-03-20
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-05
  • 录用日期:2024-01-08
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0702900)
国家自然科学基金项目(52173305)
国家自然科学基金项目(52101061)
国家自然科学基金项目(52233017)
国家自然科学基金项目(52203384)
作者信息
    1.河南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院,河南 洛阳 471023
    2.中国科学院金属研究所 沈阳材料科学国家研究中心,沈阳 110016

通讯作者:

陈学文(1970—),男,教授,博士,主要从事精密成形零件质量控制与热加工过程数值仿真,联系地址:洛阳市洛龙区开元大道263号河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院 (471023),E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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