Article(id=1321927108125896881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1321926982078681131, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000235, pmid=null, cstr=32421.14.j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000235, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1745856000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1747929600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-05-23, onlineDate=1793101582795, onlineDateStr=2026-10-27, pubDate=1771516800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793101582795, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793101582795, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793101582795, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321926982078681131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, year='2026', volume='54', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='311', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771516800000', pubDateStr='2026-02-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793101552742, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793101552742, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=80, endPage=90, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321927108436275380, articleId=1321927108125896881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=EN, title=Performance regulation of 3D-printed PA12 based on deep space extreme environment, columnId=1321926982854627373, journalTitle=Journal of Materials Engineering, columnName=CERAMIC ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND ITS APPLICATIONS, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
PA12 material has good thermal stability and radiation resistance, and has broad application prospects in deep space manufacturing. However, PA12 materials prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM) on the ground generally have structural defects such as high porosity and poor interlayer bonding, which limit their mechanical properties and make it difficult to directly use them in deep space environments. To address this issue, this study proposes the modification of printing materials using extreme environmental conditions in deep space to improve their mechanical properties and meet the high requirements for structural integrity and mechanical performance in deep space manufacturing. By simulating typical variables in deep space environments, including high-temperature heat treatment, ultraviolet irradiation, and anaerobic solidification, the effects of different processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of PA12 materials are systematically evaluated. The results show that after 10 min of heat treatment at 200 ℃, the bending strength of the sample increases by 66.2%; after introducing 3% (mass fraction, the same below) photoinitiator and 4% photocrosslinking agent and irradiating with UV for 2 min, the tensile strength of the sample increases by 17.5%; after doping with 3% anaerobic adhesive and irradiating for 2 min, the compressive strength of the sample increases by 34.4%. Finally, multiple processing techniques are combined to synergistically regulate the sample, resulting in a 75%,94.2%, and 62.2% increase in tensile, bending, and compressive strength, respectively. This study explores the impact of simulating extreme deep space environments on the properties of PA12 materials, verifying the feasibility of in-situ modification of PA12 materials using deep space environmental variables. This provides an effective technical path and theoretical support for the in-orbit manufacturing of high-performance elastic components in deep space environments.
, authors=Yong ZENG
1, 2, 3, Xuesong JIANG
1, Pu WANG
1, Jimin CHEN
1, 2, 3, authorsList=Yong ZENG, Xuesong JIANG, Pu WANG, Jimin CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yong ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321927112689299663, articleId=1321927108125896881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=CN, title=基于深空极端环境的3D打印PA12性能调控, columnId=1321926983152422959, journalTitle=材料工程, columnName=陶瓷增材制造及其应用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
PA12材料具备良好的热稳定性和耐辐照特性,在深空制造中具有广泛的应用前景。然而,在地面采用熔融沉积成形(fused deposition modeling,FDM)制备的PA12材料普遍存在孔隙率高、层间结合差等结构缺陷,导致其力学性能受限,难以直接在深空环境中使用。为解决这一问题,本研究提出利用深空极端环境条件对打印材料进行改性,提高其力学性能使其满足深空制造对结构完整性和力学性能的高要求。通过模拟深空环境中的典型变量,包括高温热处理、紫外辐照和厌氧固化,系统评估不同工艺对PA12材料微观结构及力学性能的影响。研究表明:200 ℃下热处理10 min,样品弯曲强度提高66.2%;引入3%(质量分数,下同)的光引发剂和4%的光交联剂并紫外辐照2 min后,样品拉伸强度提升17.5%;掺杂3%厌氧胶并辐照2 min后,样品压缩强度提高34.4%。最终,综合多种处理工艺对样品进行协同调控,使样品的拉伸、弯曲与压缩强度分别提高75%、94.2%和62.2%。本研究通过模拟深空极端环境探究其对PA12材料性能的影响,验证了利用深空环境变量对PA12材料进行改性的可行性,为实现高性能弹性构件在深空环境下的在轨制造提供了有效技术路径和理论支撑。
, authors=曾勇
1, 2, 3, 蒋雪松
1, 王璞
1, 陈继民
1, 2, 3, authorsList=曾勇, 蒋雪松, 王璞, 陈继民, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=曾勇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
曾勇(1987—),男,研究员,博士,主要研究方向为3D打印,联系地址:北京市朝阳区南磨房路平乐园100号北京工业大学理科楼M407(100124),E-mail:
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1, 2, 3, address=
1.College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China
2.Beijing Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing for Digital Medical Health,Beijing 100124,China
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1, 2, 3, address=
1.北京工业大学 物理与光电工程学院,北京 100124
2.北京市数字化医疗3D打印工程技术研究中心,北京 100124
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1, address=
1.College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321927113582686436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, authorId=1321927113406525665, language=CN, stringName=蒋雪松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, address=
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1, address=
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1, address=
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1, 2, 3, address=
1.College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China
2.Beijing Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing for Digital Medical Health,Beijing 100124,China
3.Institute of Matter Science,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 101400,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321927115608535280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, authorId=1321927113867899115, language=CN, stringName=陈继民, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, 3, address=
1.北京工业大学 物理与光电工程学院,北京 100124
2.北京市数字化医疗3D打印工程技术研究中心,北京 100124
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Thermogravimetric analysis diagram of PA12 material(a)TG-DSC curves of PA12;(b)detailed process flow diagram for FDM 3D printing of PA12, figureFileSmall=tnZjA+u/xgmEIY9Brt7/sg==, figureFileBig=+zyv+qmYx9wOmiE71Z5qlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927116761968892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
PA12材料的热重分析图(a)PA12的TG-DSC曲线;(b)基于FDM 3D打印技术打印PA12具体流程图, figureFileSmall=tnZjA+u/xgmEIY9Brt7/sg==, figureFileBig=+zyv+qmYx9wOmiE71Z5qlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927116984267005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Tensile properties of PA12 materials with different heat treatment temperatures and insulation times(a)tensile strength;(b)tensile modulus;(c)elongation at break;(d)tensile sample, figureFileSmall=ISUluybUbUkchWYCeVXREg==, figureFileBig=WehJNidZkp74hDNOTIspPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117059764478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
不同热处理温度、保温时间的PA12材料的拉伸性能(a)拉伸强度;(b)拉伸模量;(c)断裂伸长率;(d)拉伸样品
, figureFileSmall=ISUluybUbUkchWYCeVXREg==, figureFileBig=WehJNidZkp74hDNOTIspPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117147844863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Compressive stress-strain curves of PA12 with different heat treatment temperatures, figureFileSmall=HhZVUSnV+ZtFzaoMQcSMRw==, figureFileBig=DmqJ1+KJlGuNRREloIFF/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117244313856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
不同热处理温度下PA12材料的压缩应力-应变曲线, figureFileSmall=HhZVUSnV+ZtFzaoMQcSMRw==, figureFileBig=DmqJ1+KJlGuNRREloIFF/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117315617025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Flexural strength of PA12 with different heat treatment temperatures(a)flexural strength;(b)flexural modulus, figureFileSmall=7fyH7oYhHCsLPEVDSkyCtg==, figureFileBig=eGzWJwgp756cLd7t3UKSUw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117395308802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
不同热处理温度下PA12材料的性能(a)弯曲强度;(b)弯曲模量, figureFileSmall=7fyH7oYhHCsLPEVDSkyCtg==, figureFileBig=eGzWJwgp756cLd7t3UKSUw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117466611971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
CLSM spectra and optical microscope of PA12 with different heat treatment temperatures(a)25 ℃;(b)180 ℃;(c)190 ℃;(d)200 ℃;(e)210 ℃;(f)220 ℃;(g)230 ℃, figureFileSmall=TeYvOoQGUH5zy6cDJNxFrg==, figureFileBig=gm48/FuyL6xSuqo23pZtpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117542109444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
不同热处理温度下PA12的光镜图像(a)25 ℃;(b)180 ℃;(c)190 ℃;(d)200 ℃;(e)210 ℃;(f)220 ℃;(g)230 ℃, figureFileSmall=TeYvOoQGUH5zy6cDJNxFrg==, figureFileBig=gm48/FuyL6xSuqo23pZtpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117638578437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
SEM images of PA12 under different heat treatment temperatures, figureFileSmall=qlfHp8E5dkWyIjVhJ4eL9g==, figureFileBig=jUfnhpu5j0QMlXNCtWyzxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117718270214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同热处理温度下PA12的SEM图谱(a),(b)25 ℃;(c),(d)190 ℃;(e),(f)200 ℃(a),(b)25 ℃;(c),(d)190 ℃;(e),(f)200 ℃
, figureFileSmall=qlfHp8E5dkWyIjVhJ4eL9g==, figureFileBig=jUfnhpu5j0QMlXNCtWyzxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117789573383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Variation of tensile strength of PA12 with BP (a) and TMPTA(b) contents, figureFileSmall=W4NX3t7Y57nPzbXcajFjfw==, figureFileBig=TkObPeUQPuu80HVbrpMcPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117856682248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
PA12的拉伸强度随BP(a)和TMPTA含量(b)的变化, figureFileSmall=W4NX3t7Y57nPzbXcajFjfw==, figureFileBig=TkObPeUQPuu80HVbrpMcPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117919596809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Variation of tensile strength and elongation at break of PA12 with irradiation time, figureFileSmall=zQ0ju4mIE2rKx8tIKM0Wqw==, figureFileBig=YxnkAISJnkaQp9tOdJsL/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927117982511370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
PA12的拉伸强度与断裂伸长率随辐照时间变化, figureFileSmall=zQ0ju4mIE2rKx8tIKM0Wqw==, figureFileBig=YxnkAISJnkaQp9tOdJsL/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927118066397451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Tensile strength (a) and compressive stress-strain (b) curves of PA12 with different MMA contents, figureFileSmall=okOjaGYMHehDTgaMPbMFGg==, figureFileBig=kiUkvjPNSFf/RdECS3DdCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927118150283532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
不同MMA含量下PA12的拉伸强度(a)及压缩应力-应变曲线(b), figureFileSmall=okOjaGYMHehDTgaMPbMFGg==, figureFileBig=kiUkvjPNSFf/RdECS3DdCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927118234169613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Flexural strength of PA12 varies with content of MMA content, figureFileSmall=V5MNQTn6XduiSvHpJlhcNw==, figureFileBig=sbtvZECCb5dTeEQa7vVD6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927118292889870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
PA12的抗弯强度随MMA含量变化(a)弯曲强度;(b)弯曲模量(a)flexural strength;(b)flexural modulus
, figureFileSmall=V5MNQTn6XduiSvHpJlhcNw==, figureFileBig=sbtvZECCb5dTeEQa7vVD6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927118372581647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
FT-IR spectra of composite PA12 after comprehensive treatment, figureFileSmall=tkQDeu1FCS0oWtnefCh5pA==, figureFileBig=MI4j/3q6pcrsh3T/Ebuu9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927118435496208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
复合PA12综合处理后的红外光谱, figureFileSmall=tkQDeu1FCS0oWtnefCh5pA==, figureFileBig=MI4j/3q6pcrsh3T/Ebuu9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927120100634898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Mechanical properties of composite PA12 after comprehensive treatment(a)tensile strength;(b)elongation at break;(c)flexural strength;(d)flexural modulus;(e)compressive stress-strain curve;(f)macroscopic photos of sample after comprehensive processing of composite PA12, figureFileSmall=3pVdYSRi6ZezqVlxEMWA/A==, figureFileBig=sDtITkhrltnz3lRbZWhFIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927120188715283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
复合PA12综合处理后的力学性能(a)拉伸强度;(b)断裂伸长率;(c)弯曲强度;(d)弯曲模量;(e)压缩应力-应变曲线;(f)复合PA12经综合处理后的样品宏观照片, figureFileSmall=3pVdYSRi6ZezqVlxEMWA/A==, figureFileBig=sDtITkhrltnz3lRbZWhFIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927120331321620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
SEM images of PA12 sample surfaces(a)neat PA12 and its magnified view;(b)synergistically treated PA12 composite and its magnified view, figureFileSmall=GfXucyGM3ImUXwB5fBlZdw==, figureFileBig=kztqO7jUDpesXVSE0d6bBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927120402624789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
PA12样品表面SEM图(a)纯PA12和局部放大图;(b)综合处理后的复合PA12和局部放大图, figureFileSmall=GfXucyGM3ImUXwB5fBlZdw==, figureFileBig=kztqO7jUDpesXVSE0d6bBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321927120520065302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Heat treatment process parameters of PA12 sample
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Serial No. | Temperature/℃ | Insulation time/min | Heating rate/(℃·min-1) | Atmosphere | Cooling method |
|---|
| 1 | 25 | | | | |
| 2 | 180 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 3 | 190 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 4 | 200 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 5 | 210 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 6 | 220 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 7 | 230 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
), ArticleFig(id=1321927120595562775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, articleId=1321927108125896881, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
PA12样品的热处理工艺参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Serial No. | Temperature/℃ | Insulation time/min | Heating rate/(℃·min-1) | Atmosphere | Cooling method |
|---|
| 1 | 25 | | | | |
| 2 | 180 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 3 | 190 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 4 | 200 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 5 | 210 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 6 | 220 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
| 7 | 230 | 5,10,15 | 5 | Air | Water cooling |
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