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Article(id=1322276009395728627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1322276007797702769, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000712, pmid=null, cstr=32421.14.j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000712, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1764604800000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-02, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1767542400000, acceptedDateStr=2026-01-05, onlineDate=1793184767339, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1789833600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793184767339, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793184767339, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793184767339, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322276007797702769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, year='2026', volume='54', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='252', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789833600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793184766959, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793185369041, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322278533200728093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1322276007797702769, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322278533200728094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, issueId=1322276007797702769, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=199, endPage=205, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322276009609638132, articleId=1322276009395728627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=EN, title=Resource utilization of deoiled residue of drilling cuttings to prepare ceramic proppants, columnId=1220689384450478826, journalTitle=Journal of Materials Engineering, columnName=RESEARCH ARTICLE, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

As a vital successor to conventional oil and gas resources， shale-gas development inevitably generates drilling-cuttings hazardous waste. Finding ways to exhaust and up-value this waste becomes another pressing problem for the industry. In this study， deoiled residue of drilling cuttings （DRDC） is used as the main feedstock， added with low-grade bauxite as supplementary alumina source and potassium feldspar as fluxing agents. A 50 kg/h pilot-scale line installed at the extraction site is operated continuously for 25 days to systematically evaluate how the deoiled residue content and sintering temperature affect the bulk density， apparent density and breakage ratio of the ceramic proppants. The results show that the roundness and sphericity for all proppant products exceed 0.9. Both bulk and apparent densities of the ceramic proppants decreases progressively with increasing addition of the drilling cutting， whereas the breakage ratio rises. Raising the sintering temperature increases the bulk and apparent densities but reduces the breakage ratio. At the preparation parameters including the content of DRDC of 5%（mass fraction） and sintering temperature of 1300 ℃， ceramic proppants with a breakage ratio of 3.01% measured at 52 MPa closure stress can be obtained. Ceramic proppants meeting the standard of SY/T 5108—2014 are produced under all twenty producing conditions.

, authors=Hongshuo CHEN1, Jinyu CHEN2, Mei QI3, Yi ZHOU4, authorsList=Hongshuo CHEN, Jinyu CHEN, Mei QI, Yi ZHOU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yi ZHOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322276012503707907, articleId=1322276009395728627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038251117760515, language=CN, title=资源化利用钻井岩屑脱油残渣制备陶粒支撑剂, columnId=1220689384622445292, journalTitle=材料工程, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

作为常规油气资源的重要接替资源，页岩气开采过程中会不可避免地排放出岩屑危废，将其消纳并高值化利用成为页岩气开采领域的另一亟待解决的棘手问题。本研究采用钻井岩屑脱油残渣（deoiled residue of drilling cuttings， DRDC）（以下简称脱油残渣）为原料，搭配低品位铝矾土与钾长石作为补充铝源和助烧剂，利用一条50 kg/h级小试生产线，连续运行25天，系统评价了脱油残渣含量与烧结温度对陶粒支撑剂的密度与强度的影响。结果表明：陶粒的圆球度均达到0.9以上。陶粒的体积密度与视密度均随着脱油残渣含量升高而逐渐降低，但是破碎率逐渐升高。随着烧结温度提高，陶粒的体积密度与视密度呈升高趋势，而破碎率呈降低趋势。在含脱油残渣5%（质量分数）、1300 ℃烧结条件下，得到52 MPa闭合压力下破碎率达3.01%的陶粒支撑剂产品。在20种条件下均获得了满足行业标准SY/T 5108—2014的陶粒支撑剂。

, authors=陈红硕1, 陈锦玉2, 漆梅3, 周毅4, authorsList=陈红硕, 陈锦玉, 漆梅, 周毅, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=周毅, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
周毅（1984—），男，教授，博士，从事新型无机材料研究与开发，联系地址：山西省太原市万柏林区窊流路66号太原科技大学科技楼601#（030024），E-mail：
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Chemical composition of raw materials（mass fraction/%）

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Raw materialAl2O3SiO2Fe2O3CaOK2OMgOTiO2BaOSO3Others
Deoiled residue of drilling cutting（DRDC）5.4638.832.0110.021.121.5622.3713.325.31
3rd grade bauxite56.2214.386.550.430.170.212.3519.69
Potassium feldspar17.1366.240.260.3211.724.33
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原料的化学成分（质量分数/%）

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Raw materialAl2O3SiO2Fe2O3CaOK2OMgOTiO2BaOSO3Others
Deoiled residue of drilling cutting（DRDC）5.4638.832.0110.021.121.5622.3713.325.31
3rd grade bauxite56.2214.386.550.430.170.212.3519.69
Potassium feldspar17.1366.240.260.3211.724.33
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Composition design

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No.DRDC/%3rd grade bauxite/%Potassium feldspar/%
Ⅰ5905
Ⅱ10855
Ⅲ15805
Ⅳ20755
Ⅴ25705
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成分设计

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No.DRDC/%3rd grade bauxite/%Potassium feldspar/%
Ⅰ5905
Ⅱ10855
Ⅲ15805
Ⅳ20755
Ⅴ25705
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资源化利用钻井岩屑脱油残渣制备陶粒支撑剂
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陈红硕 1 , 陈锦玉 2 , 漆梅 3 , 周毅 4
材料工程 | 研究论文 2026,54(9): 199-205
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材料工程 |研究论文 2026 , 54 (9) : 199 -205
资源化利用钻井岩屑脱油残渣制备陶粒支撑剂
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陈红硕1, 陈锦玉2, 漆梅3, 周毅4
作者信息
  • 1.中国昆仑工程有限公司，北京 100037
  • 2.中国石油工程建设有限公司，北京 100120
  • 3.中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻井液技术服务公司，成都 610056
  • 4.太原科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，太原 030024
通讯作者:
周毅（1984—），男，教授，博士，从事新型无机材料研究与开发，联系地址：山西省太原市万柏林区窊流路66号太原科技大学科技楼601#（030024），E-mail：
Resource utilization of deoiled residue of drilling cuttings to prepare ceramic proppants
Hongshuo CHEN1, Jinyu CHEN2, Mei QI3, Yi ZHOU4
Affiliations
  • 1.China Kunlun Engineering Co. ，Ltd. ，Beijing 100037，China
  • 2.China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corp. ，Beijing 100120，China
  • 3.CCDC Drilling Fluids Service Company，Chengdu 610056，China
  • 4.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Taiyuan University of Science and Technology，Taiyuan 030024，China
出版时间: 2026-09-20 doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000712
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摘要
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作为常规油气资源的重要接替资源，页岩气开采过程中会不可避免地排放出岩屑危废，将其消纳并高值化利用成为页岩气开采领域的另一亟待解决的棘手问题。本研究采用钻井岩屑脱油残渣（deoiled residue of drilling cuttings， DRDC）（以下简称脱油残渣）为原料，搭配低品位铝矾土与钾长石作为补充铝源和助烧剂，利用一条50 kg/h级小试生产线，连续运行25天，系统评价了脱油残渣含量与烧结温度对陶粒支撑剂的密度与强度的影响。结果表明：陶粒的圆球度均达到0.9以上。陶粒的体积密度与视密度均随着脱油残渣含量升高而逐渐降低，但是破碎率逐渐升高。随着烧结温度提高，陶粒的体积密度与视密度呈升高趋势，而破碎率呈降低趋势。在含脱油残渣5%（质量分数）、1300 ℃烧结条件下，得到52 MPa闭合压力下破碎率达3.01%的陶粒支撑剂产品。在20种条件下均获得了满足行业标准SY/T 5108—2014的陶粒支撑剂。

资源化利用  /  钻井岩屑脱油残渣  /  陶粒支撑剂  /  破碎率  /  液相传质  /  小试线

As a vital successor to conventional oil and gas resources， shale-gas development inevitably generates drilling-cuttings hazardous waste. Finding ways to exhaust and up-value this waste becomes another pressing problem for the industry. In this study， deoiled residue of drilling cuttings （DRDC） is used as the main feedstock， added with low-grade bauxite as supplementary alumina source and potassium feldspar as fluxing agents. A 50 kg/h pilot-scale line installed at the extraction site is operated continuously for 25 days to systematically evaluate how the deoiled residue content and sintering temperature affect the bulk density， apparent density and breakage ratio of the ceramic proppants. The results show that the roundness and sphericity for all proppant products exceed 0.9. Both bulk and apparent densities of the ceramic proppants decreases progressively with increasing addition of the drilling cutting， whereas the breakage ratio rises. Raising the sintering temperature increases the bulk and apparent densities but reduces the breakage ratio. At the preparation parameters including the content of DRDC of 5%（mass fraction） and sintering temperature of 1300 ℃， ceramic proppants with a breakage ratio of 3.01% measured at 52 MPa closure stress can be obtained. Ceramic proppants meeting the standard of SY/T 5108—2014 are produced under all twenty producing conditions.

resource utilization  /  DRDC  /  ceramic proppant  /  breakage ratio  /  liquid-phase mass transfer  /  small-scale trial line
陈红硕, 陈锦玉, 漆梅, 周毅. 资源化利用钻井岩屑脱油残渣制备陶粒支撑剂. 材料工程, 2026 , 54 (9) : 199 -205 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000712
Hongshuo CHEN, Jinyu CHEN, Mei QI, Yi ZHOU. Resource utilization of deoiled residue of drilling cuttings to prepare ceramic proppants[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2026 , 54 (9) : 199 -205 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000712
正文
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随着全球经济社会的高速发展，人类对能源需求持续攀升，开采范围也从常规油气藏向非常规油气资源扩大，并呈继续扩大的趋势。与常规油藏相比，非常规油气储层渗透率极低，必须通过水力压裂技术在储层中建立高导流裂缝通道，进而有效提升非常规油气井的产量并提高服役时限［1］。压裂支撑剂是水力压裂开采作业中的一种关键材料，当前主流产品包含石英砂、陶粒支撑剂和覆膜支撑剂三类［2-3］。尽管石英砂取材天然、成本低廉，具有显著的成本优势，但受限于其本身较低的抗压强度，石英砂的使用范围仅限于深度不超过1500 m的储层［4］。由于树脂覆膜支撑剂生产工艺复杂、覆膜原料成本较高，限制了其在大规模水力压裂中的推广［5］。相比之下，陶瓷支撑剂具备工艺简单、低成本、高强度、高渗透等优势［6］。
当前在页岩气等非常规能源开采中，为稳定井壁普遍采用油基钻井液，由此产生了大量油基钻屑［7］。这类钻屑富含基础原油、苯类、酚类及其他有毒组分，已被列入《国家危险废物名录》HW08类，使得页岩气开采过程中产生的此类钻屑亟须无害化处置与资源化利用［8-9］。当前处理方法有热解法、生物法、萃取法、深度脱附法等［10］。油基岩屑经以上一种或几种处理后，实现了有机成分与主体的脱离，而剩余的无机混合物即为脱油岩屑，目前被资源化利用作为原料用于制造铺路材料、混凝土骨料、免烧砖等产品［11-12］。考虑到其中含有可观的Al2O3、SiO2组分，具有作为Al、Si源制造陶粒支撑剂的潜质，实现这些页岩气开采过程中排出的岩屑废物资源化利用制造陶粒支撑剂，再返回服务于页岩气开采过程中去的“闭环操作”，将显著缓解页岩气开采对自然生态与环境带来的负面影响［13-14］。
当前已有一些利用岩屑制造陶粒支撑剂的研究报道。Meng等［15］利用脱油岩屑作为原料，利用膨润土作为黏合剂，成功制备了陶粒支撑剂，并对烧结温度、保温时间和升温速率对支撑剂性能的影响作了系统研究。得出最佳烧结条件为：烧结温度1063 ℃、保温时间82 min、升温速率7.8 ℃/min，基于此条件制备的陶瓷压裂支撑剂在52 MPa压力下破碎率为5.5%，体积密度为1.71 g/cm³，视密度为2.98 g/cm³，满足行业标准SY/T 5108—2014的要求。Xiang等［16］将脱油岩屑作为主要原料，加入粉煤灰和重晶石作为添加剂，制备了陶粒支撑剂并研究了重晶石在烧结制备陶粒支撑剂中所起的作用，并作了烧结过程的动力学分析，为利用岩屑制造陶瓷支撑剂提供了一定的理论依据。杨婷婷等［17］利用页岩气开采过程中的油基岩屑残渣首先通过烧结法制备了陶粒支撑剂，而后通过丙烯胺树脂包覆工艺制得了膨胀型自悬浮支撑剂，并对其膨胀特性和沉降特性进行了研究。以上研究都是基于实验室内开展的基础研究工作，而相关产业化方面的工作还鲜见报道。本研究基于某页岩气开采区块作业现场，搭建了一条50 kg/h 产量的陶粒支撑剂的小试生产线，实现了将钻井岩屑脱油残渣（以下简称脱油残渣）二次利用生产陶粒支撑剂的目标，为资源化利用脱油残渣批量生产陶粒支撑剂产品提供一定的产业化参考。基于行业标准SY/T 5108—2014，本工作研究了25天全周期所连续生产陶粒支撑剂的制造与性能评价情况，重点聚焦于脱油残渣含量与烧结温度对陶粒性能的影响。
1 实验材料与方法
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1.1 实验材料
本研究钻井岩屑取自某页岩气开采区块，经热脱附脱油后剩余残渣作为制备陶粒支撑剂的原料，三级铝矾土和钾长石取自阳泉市长青石油压裂支撑剂有限公司，各原料的化学成分如表1所示。
1.2 实验方法
1.2.1 制样流程
首先于105 ℃将脱油残渣烘干2 h，之后过300目标准筛待用。将三级铝矾土与钾长石粉过300目标准筛。将以上三种原料按照表2比例称量后，转入滚筒式球磨机中充分混合6 h。球料分离后将混合料粉转入成球机中完成造粒并形成球坯，采用3%（质量分数，下同）的PVA水溶液作黏结剂，过程中需全程调控粉液比以保证球坯的圆球度和表面光洁度。停机后启动倾转按钮将球坯倒出并平摊开自然晾干1 h。之后将球坯移入滚筒筛内筒中，滚筒筛机中提前布置30目和50目两道筛网，启动滚筒筛10 min获得30/50目球坯。将上述球坯缓慢移入管式炉料仓，在料仓端部进料器的作用下使生球坯循序进入已达预定温度的管式炉内完成烧结，管式炉倾角5°、转速3 r/min。1 h后在管式炉出料口收集烧结完成的陶瓷球，之后转入提前布置40目和70目两道筛网的滚筒筛机中，经筛分得到40/70目陶粒支撑剂样品。流程图如图1所示。
1.2.2 表征与测试
本研究所涉及陶粒支撑剂的性能指标与测试方法均严格按照行业标准SY/T 5108—2014执行。
（1）体积密度
体积密度是描述充填一个单位体积的支撑剂质量，包括支撑剂和孔隙体积，体积密度可用于确定充填裂缝或装满储罐所需支撑剂的质量。取适量陶粒样品倒入体密测试仪漏斗内，拉开橡皮塞，使陶粒支撑剂自由落入测量筒内，将测量桶边缘多余的样品轻轻刮去；用电子天平称取测量桶内陶粒支撑剂的质量，重复上述过程3次取平均值，根据式（1）计算得到陶粒支撑剂的体积密度：
ρb=mV
式中：V为体积密度测试仪标准测量桶体积，100 mL；ρb为陶粒支撑剂的体积密度， g/cm3。
（2）视密度
视密度是表征不包括支撑剂颗粒之间孔隙体积的一种密度参数，介质通常为低黏度液体，此液体可以润湿颗粒表面包括液体不可触及的孔隙体积。首先取25 mL密度瓶一只，烘干水分后称量干燥空密度瓶的质量mf；将煤油注入密度瓶内至液面达到刻度线位置，确保煤油内无气泡，称量装有煤油的密度瓶质量mf+k；取10 g左右的陶粒样品，在干燥气氛中精确称量其质量mp；将之前密度瓶内煤油倒出约一半，将所称量的陶粒样品倒入半满的密度瓶内，补充煤油至液面达到刻度线位置，确保煤油内无气泡，称量装有煤油和陶粒的密度瓶质量mf+k+p；由式（2）得到煤油的密度：
ρk=mf+k-mfVp
式中：ρk为煤油的密度，g/cm3；Vp为密度瓶的容积，cm3。
再根据式（3）计算陶粒的视密度ρp：
ρp=mpρkmf+k+mp-mf+k+p
（3）破碎率
破碎率用于反映支撑剂抗破碎的性能。取120 g左右陶粒样品精确称量其质量mp；将所称量的陶粒倒入破碎室，将活塞由重力作用自然落入破碎室里的上层陶粒上，按顺时针方向使活塞旋转 180°；将破碎室小心提起并放入压力机内；启动压机自动加载以平稳的速率给破碎室的活塞加压，达到预设压力后，保持压力2 min后卸载；卸载压力后，将破碎室从压力机中取出，倒出陶粒到组筛中，称出破碎陶粒的质量mb并装入盘中；根据式（4）计算陶粒的破碎率Rb：
Rb=mbmp×100%
按照以上流程重复3组平行测试，取平均值作为破碎率值。
（4）圆球度
圆度是对支撑剂颗粒角隅锐利程度或颗粒曲度的量度，球度是对支撑剂颗粒近似球状程度的量度。本研究根据Krumbien/Sloss 图版法确定陶粒支撑剂的圆球度，如图2所示。
（5）物相分析
使用X’Pert Pro型X射线衍射仪进行陶粒样品的物相分析，所有测试均使用在40 kV电压和40 mA电流下的CuKα辐射（使用Kβ滤波器），2θ范围为15°~65°，扫描速度为2 （°）/min，步长0.02°。
（6）形貌分析
使用S4800型场发射扫描电子显微镜开展陶粒样品的微观形貌分析，测试在10 kV电压和10 μA电流下进行，微观形貌观察前先进行表面喷金处理。
2 结果与分析
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图3所示为全周期所生产陶粒的体积密度随烧结温度与混合原料中脱油残渣含量的变化趋势。在等温引导线提示下，可以发现烧结温度相同时陶粒的体积密度均随脱油残渣的含量呈下降趋势，这主要是由于在加热过程中，含量提升的脱油残渣中方解石相分解产生更多CO2气体所致［18］。在脱油残渣含量5%、1300 ℃烧结时，陶粒体积密度最高达到 1.52 g/cm3。然而当1300 ℃烧结、脱油残渣含量为25%时，样品出现严重的粘连现象，无法获得单独陶粒样品，因此体积密度数据缺失。
图4所示为全周期所生产陶粒的视密度随烧结温度与脱油残渣含量的变化趋势。与体积密度相似，各烧结温度相同时陶粒的视密度也随着脱油残渣含量升高而呈下降趋势.可能的原因有二：首先，随着配比中脱油残渣含量的提高，混合原料中方解石相（CaCO3）含量也在提高，并在890 ℃处发生分解反应产生CO2气体使得样品内部产生大量气孔［17］；其次，由于混合原料中存在的K2O、Fe2O3、TiO2等成分诱发的低共熔效应会使球坯在烧结过程中局部软化熔融产生液相，进而在陶粒内部由于液相传质而包裹一部分所产生CO2阻碍其排出，这也使得陶粒的视密度随着脱油残渣含量而呈现下降趋势［19-20］。同前所述由于在1300 ℃烧结、岩屑含量为25%时产生过烧现象而无法得到陶粒样品，因此其视密度数据缺失。
图5所示为全周期所生产陶粒的破碎率随烧结温度与脱油残渣含量的变化情况。分析可知，破碎率的变化情况整体呈现与体密度和视密度相反的趋势，即在相同烧结温度时，原料混合配比中随着脱油残渣含量提高而呈上升的趋势，尤其在1220 ℃+20%脱油残渣、1220 ℃+25%脱油残渣、1240 ℃+25%脱油残渣、1260 ℃+25%脱油残渣条件时，所生产陶粒的破碎率均高于10%，不能满足前述标准中对于破碎率的要求；此外，在1300 ℃+25%脱油残渣条件下由于过烧现象而无法得到合格的陶粒样品。然而，通过其余20种条件均获得了满足行业标准SY/T 5108—2014的陶粒样品，也表明本小试线为利用脱油残渣制造合格的页岩气开采用陶粒支撑剂的产业化打下了良好的基础。
图6所示为基于X射线衍射技术所得不同脱油残渣含量在1300 ℃烧结所得陶粒的物相分析情况。图6（a）为随着脱油残渣含量从5%提高到20%时所制备陶粒的XRD曲线，随着原料中脱油残渣含量的提高，陶粒样品中的物相种类没有变化，都含有莫来石、刚玉和重晶石三种相。其中莫来石相由烧结过程中SiO2与Al2O3的高温反应所得［21］，刚玉相和重晶石相主要由原料中的三级铝矾土和脱油残渣引入。但是可以明显观察到衍射峰强的变化，图6（b）给出原料中脱油残渣含量从5%提高到20%时所制备陶粒中三种结晶相的含量变化。随着脱油残渣含量提高，刚玉相含量呈逐渐降低趋势，这是由于脱油残渣含量提高的同时降低了原料中铝矾土的比例所致。随着脱油残渣含量提高，莫来石和重晶石相含量逐渐提高，这与脱油残渣成分中富含SiO2和BaSO4有直接关系。
图7所示为原料中含脱油残渣5%~20%的1300 ℃烧结所得陶粒样品的扫描电镜图片。对照图2标准，烧结后所制备陶粒的圆度和球度均>0.9的水平，表明本研究所得陶粒具有很高的圆球度，高圆球度使陶粒在储层应力作用下受力均匀、避免局部应力集中，降低施工过程的破碎风险；同时，高圆球度的陶粒在裂缝内可形成更紧密堆积，提高导流能力，从而提升油气井产量［22］。在对应的高倍微观形貌图中可见，当含有5%脱油残渣时，陶粒内部晶粒细小且排布致密。随着脱油残渣含量逐渐提高到20%，内部颗粒呈长大趋势，同时可以发现晶粒之间界线逐渐变模糊，尤其在图中被圈住的区域，这是由于烧结过程液相传质的作用使原子快速包裹了晶粒所致［23］。尽管出现的液相具有加速传质，进而填充内部孔隙使结构致密化的作用，但是由于液相分布极不均匀导致了内部孔隙率较高（图4所示的视密度也可体现），从而削弱了陶粒的强度。因此，在1300 ℃烧结时，破碎率表现出随着脱油残渣含量从5%提高到20%时而逐渐从3.01%升高到5.36%的现象。
3 结论
收起
（1）搭建了一条50 kg/h 产量陶粒支撑剂小试生产线，以25天为周期，利用某页岩气开采区块排放的岩屑制备了页岩气开采用陶粒支撑剂，实现了钻井岩屑脱油残渣的资源化利用和“取自页岩气开采再循环利用回页岩气开采的闭环”目的。
（2）系统研究了脱油残渣添加量和烧结温度对所生产的陶粒支撑剂的结构与性能的影响。结果表明，所生产的陶粒支撑剂的圆球度均达到0.9的水平；烧结温度相同时陶粒的体积密度与视密度均随着脱油残渣含量升高而逐渐降低，但是破碎率逐渐升高；而脱油残渣含量相同时，陶粒的体积密度与视密度均随着烧结温度升高呈升高趋势，而破碎率逐渐降低，尤其在含脱油残渣5%、1300 ℃烧结条件下，得到52 MPa闭合压力下破碎率达3.01 %的陶粒支撑剂产品。20种条件均获得了满足行业标准SY/T 5108—2014的陶粒样品。
（3） 在1300 ℃烧结条件下，当延续含量变化时，陶粒支撑剂都含莫来石、刚玉和重晶石三种晶相；然而随着脱油残渣含量从5%提高到20%时，所制备陶粒中刚玉相含量逐渐降低，而莫来石和重晶石相含量逐渐提高。随着脱油残渣含量逐渐提高到20%，陶粒支撑剂内的晶粒呈长大趋势，同时晶粒之间界线逐渐变模糊，由于液相分布不均匀导致内部孔隙率较高，从而导致陶粒破碎率的升高。
基金
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  • 中国石油集团公司昆仑工程资助项目(2022-KLTC-03)
文献
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2026年第54卷第9期
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doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000712
  • 接收时间：2025-12-02
  • 首发时间：2026-10-28
  • 出版时间：2026-09-20
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  • 收稿日期：2025-12-02
  • 录用日期：2026-01-05
基金
中国石油集团公司昆仑工程资助项目(2022-KLTC-03)
作者信息
    1.中国昆仑工程有限公司，北京 100037
    2.中国石油工程建设有限公司，北京 100120
    3.中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻井液技术服务公司，成都 610056
    4.太原科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，太原 030024

通讯作者:

周毅（1984—），男，教授，博士，从事新型无机材料研究与开发，联系地址：山西省太原市万柏林区窊流路66号太原科技大学科技楼601#（030024），E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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