Article(id=1312006257385505511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, issueId=1312006144101540779, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260430005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1777478400000, receivedDateStr=2026-04-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790736267657, onlineDateStr=2026-09-30, pubDate=1784131200000, pubDateStr=2026-07-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790736267657, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790736267657, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790736267657, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1312006144101540779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, year='2026', volume='27', issue='7', pageStart='1311', pageEnd='1484', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784131200000', pubDateStr='2026-07-16', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790736240648, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790739525097, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1312019920167203355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, issueId=1312006144101540779, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1312019920167203356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, issueId=1312006144101540779, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1468, endPage=1477, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1312006257565860584, articleId=1312006257385505511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, language=EN, title=Establishment of an Axillary Bud-Based Regeneration System and Preliminary Verification of Virus Elimination in Oryza rufipogon Griff., columnId=1312006179899924628, journalTitle=Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, columnName=RESEARCH ARTICLES, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Oryza rufipogon Griff., the direct ancestor of cultivated rice, is a core germplasm resource for rice genetic improvement. At present, the natural habitats of wild rice have suffered severe degradation. Moreover, the in vivo-conserved germplasm in wild rice nurseries is threatened by rice viral diseases, which severely compromised the safe preservation of wild rice resources. In this study, a tissue culture system was constructed, and axillary buds of virus-infected O. rufipogon were used as explants to achieve virus elimination. The results showed that the combination of 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 nmol/L OsREF1 could induce callus formation and proliferation from axillary buds, and the combination of 2 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L NAA could induce shoot differentiation. The two-step rooting method facilitated root induction and the growth of intact and robust plantlets. RT-PCR showed that the virus-specific bands were absent in the regenerated plantlets. In conclusion, this established system could achieve virus elimination and regeneration of virus-infected O. rufipogon, and provide technical support for the safe preservation of wild rice germplasm resources.

, authors=Dekun LEI1, 2, Zhijian XU1, 2, Yuanfen LAN1, Yuntao LIANG1, 2, Danting LI1, 2, authorsList=Dekun LEI, Zhijian XU, Yuanfen LAN, Yuntao LIANG, Danting LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yuntao LIANG, Danting LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1312006260220855027, articleId=1312006257385505511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, language=CN, title=基于腋芽的普通野生稻再生体系建立及脱毒效果初步验证, columnId=1312006180101251222, journalTitle=植物遗传资源学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)是栽培稻的直系祖先,是水稻遗传改良的核心种质资源。当前野生稻自然生境遭到严重破坏,野生稻圃活体保存的种质受到水稻病毒病威胁,以上问题威胁着野生稻种质资源的安全保存。为此,本研究构建了一套普通野生稻组织培养技术体系,并以感染病毒病的普通野生稻腋芽为外植体,实现了染病野生稻脱毒。结果表明,以5 mg/L 2,4-D+1 nmol/L OsREF1小肽可诱导腋芽形成可增殖的愈伤组织,2 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA可实现芽分化,通过两步法诱导形成根系且获得完整健壮的再生苗,最终获得的再生苗经RT-PCR检测病毒特异性条带消失。本研究建立的体系可实现染毒野生稻的脱毒与再生,为野生稻种质资源的安全保存提供技术支撑。

, authors=雷德坤1, 2, 徐志健1, 2, 蓝远芬1, 梁云涛1, 2, 李丹婷1, 2, authorsList=雷德坤, 徐志健, 蓝远芬, 梁云涛, 李丹婷, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=梁云涛, 李丹婷, authorNote=

(雷德坤、徐志健并列第一作者)

研究方向为野生稻种质资源搜集、保护与利用,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
梁云涛,研究方向为野生稻种质资源搜集、保护与利用,E-mail:
李丹婷,研究方向为水稻种质资源保护、鉴定评价与创新利用,E-mail:
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研究方向为野生稻种质资源搜集、保护与利用,E-mail:

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Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2025, 41(11): 4520-4531, articleTitle=Roles of cytokinin oxidases in regulating rice callus regeneration, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006271176377187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=179, pageEnd=180, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=46, authorNames=刘拥海, 俞乐, journalName=广西农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘拥海, 俞乐. 萘乙酸对水稻根、芽生长的影响. 广西农业科学, 2004,35(3): 179-180, articleTitle=萘乙酸对水稻根、芽生长的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006271235097444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=179, pageEnd=180, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=47, authorNames=Liu Y H, Yu L, journalName=Guangxi Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Y H, Yu L. Effects of naphthalene acetic acid on root and shoot growth of rice. Guangxi Agricultural Sciences, 2004,35(3): 179-180, articleTitle=Effects of naphthalene acetic acid on root and shoot growth of rice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006271302206309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=8, issue=null, pageStart=17100, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=48, authorNames=Wang L, Du Y, Rahman M M, Tang B, Fan L J, Kilaru A, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang L, Du Y, Rahman M M, Tang B, Fan L J, Kilaru A. Establishment of an efficient in vitro propagation system for Iris sanguinea. Scientific Reports, 2018, 8: 17100, articleTitle=Establishment of an efficient in vitro propagation system for Iris sanguinea, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006271356732262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=9, pageStart=2930, pageEnd=2937, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=49, authorNames=农保选, 郭辉, 张宗琼, 夏秀忠, 杨行海, 曾宇, 崔丽贤, 梁云涛, 秦碧霞, 李丹婷, journalName=分子植物育种, refType=null, unstructuredReference=农保选, 郭辉, 张宗琼, 夏秀忠, 杨行海, 曾宇, 崔丽贤, 梁云涛, 秦碧霞, 李丹婷. 普通野生稻对南方水稻黑条矮缩病的抗性机制分析及主效QTL定位. 分子植物育种, 2024, 22(9): 2930-2937, articleTitle=普通野生稻对南方水稻黑条矮缩病的抗性机制分析及主效QTL定位, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006271436424039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=9, pageStart=2930, pageEnd=2937, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=50, authorNames=Nong B X, Guo H, Zhang Z Q, Xia X Z, Yang X H, Zeng Y, Cui L X, Liang Y T, Qin B X, Li D T, journalName=Molecular Plant Breeding, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nong B X, Guo H, Zhang Z Q, Xia X Z, Yang X H, Zeng Y, Cui L X, Liang Y T, Qin B X, Li D T. Analysis of the resistance mechanism and major QTL of common wild rice to southern rice black-streaked dwarf disease. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2024, 22 (9):2930-2937, articleTitle=Analysis of the resistance mechanism and major QTL of common wild rice to southern rice black-streaked dwarf disease, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312006260464124660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006260472513269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, companyId=1312006260464124660, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006260480901878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, companyId=1312006260464124660, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广西壮族自治区农业科学院,南宁 530007)]), AuthorCompany(id=1312006260556399351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006260564787960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, companyId=1312006260556399351, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning 530007), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006260577370873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, companyId=1312006260556399351, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁 530007)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1312006262578053921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Detection of rice viral diseases, figureFileSmall=c1/hacbTns4as9lDETTHlw==, figureFileBig=52SKj1W8HHa3oCPv+qneyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006262640968482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=图1, caption=水稻病毒病检测

M: DNA Marker,1~24泳道为普通野生稻样品,黑色箭头指示的条带分别为PCR内参Actin(558 bp)、RRSV病毒特异性片段(397 bp)和SRBSDV病毒特异性片段(682 bp);红色箭头指示感染RRSV的普通野生稻,黄色箭头指示感染SRBSDV的普通野生稻

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使用组合2(A)和组合3(B)处理愈伤组织分化得到芽

, figureFileSmall=nYUnlysSFTlvSGhFS3RPdQ==, figureFileBig=2PDVoL+uh+j0fMkZpA0FeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006264729731879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Induction of roots from callus of O. rufipogon, figureFileSmall=CIccR8kUHtkhd94eUkr+wA==, figureFileBig=OU3FL4ZKwHDXfylv6ImrQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006264801035048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=图4, caption=普通野生稻愈伤组织根的诱导

A:无根苗转接至根诱导培养基;B:A图植株在根诱导培养基中诱导1个月的根系;C:B图植株转接至壮苗培养基培养2周后的根系情况;D:植株转接至壮苗培养基培养1个月的情况

, figureFileSmall=CIccR8kUHtkhd94eUkr+wA==, figureFileBig=OU3FL4ZKwHDXfylv6ImrQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006264922669865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Virus-free O. rufipogon plantlets obtained by tissue culture, figureFileSmall=Hz273wWgQx049YnxD0GzqQ==, figureFileBig=ZlsGzY6IeAjN0ihQ5GIDOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006265027527466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=图5, caption=组织培养得到的脱毒普通野生稻

染病植株(A)和组培脱毒植株(B)表型及其RRSV检测结果

, figureFileSmall=Hz273wWgQx049YnxD0GzqQ==, figureFileBig=ZlsGzY6IeAjN0ihQ5GIDOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006265098830635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primers used for virus detection

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

病毒名称

Virus name

引物名称

Primer name

引物序列(5′-3′)

Primer sequence(5′-3′)

PCR产物长度(bp)PCR product length
水稻黑条矮缩病毒 RBSDVRB-F1AGCACTACAGATGTTACACAC904
RB-R1GCCTGTCCCTATCAGATTTCAAC
南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒 SRBSDVSRB-FCGCGTCATCTCAGACTACAG682
SRB-RTTTGTCAGCATCTAAAGCGC
水稻齿叶矮缩病毒 RRSVRR-FCGCCGTGTCAAACGTTCCAG397
RR-RTGCTGCGACGTAATCAAC
水稻瘤矮病毒 RGDVRG-F3GTACTCAGACCTGAACGTAGT245
RG-R3CTCAATAGCGATCGCATACC
肌动蛋白 ActinAct-FATCACACCTTCTACAACGAGCT558
Act-RCCGCAGCTTCCATTCCTATG
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265191105324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

病毒检测所用引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

病毒名称

Virus name

引物名称

Primer name

引物序列(5′-3′)

Primer sequence(5′-3′)

PCR产物长度(bp)PCR product length
水稻黑条矮缩病毒 RBSDVRB-F1AGCACTACAGATGTTACACAC904
RB-R1GCCTGTCCCTATCAGATTTCAAC
南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒 SRBSDVSRB-FCGCGTCATCTCAGACTACAG682
SRB-RTTTGTCAGCATCTAAAGCGC
水稻齿叶矮缩病毒 RRSVRR-FCGCCGTGTCAAACGTTCCAG397
RR-RTGCTGCGACGTAATCAAC
水稻瘤矮病毒 RGDVRG-F3GTACTCAGACCTGAACGTAGT245
RG-R3CTCAATAGCGATCGCATACC
肌动蛋白 ActinAct-FATCACACCTTCTACAACGAGCT558
Act-RCCGCAGCTTCCATTCCTATG
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265279185709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Effects of different concentrations of OsREF1 on axillary buds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

OsREF1浓度(nmol/L)

OsREF1 concentration

腋芽数量

Number of axillary buds

褐化数量

Number of browned buds

褐化率(%)

Browning rate

011921.7
113532.2
101146758.8
10011611397.4
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265379849006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同浓度OsREF1处理对腋芽的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

OsREF1浓度(nmol/L)

OsREF1 concentration

腋芽数量

Number of axillary buds

褐化数量

Number of browned buds

褐化率(%)

Browning rate

011921.7
113532.2
101146758.8
10011611397.4
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265463735087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Effects of different concentrations of 2,4-D on callus induction

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

2,4-D浓度(mg/L)

2,4-D concentration

腋芽数量

Number of axillary buds

诱导愈伤数量

Number of induced callus

诱导率(%)

Induction rate

014100
213642.9
51221310.7
814032.1
1014400
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265543426864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同浓度2,4-D诱导愈伤的效果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

2,4-D浓度(mg/L)

2,4-D concentration

腋芽数量

Number of axillary buds

诱导愈伤数量

Number of induced callus

诱导率(%)

Induction rate

014100
213642.9
51221310.7
814032.1
1014400
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265627312945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Effects of different phytohormone combinations on shoot induction

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

激素组合

Phytohormone

combination

愈伤数量Number of

callus

芽分化数量

Number of differentiated shoots

芽分化率(%)

Shoot differentiation

rate

褐化数量

Number of browned buds

褐化率(%)Browning

rate

组合1 Combination 1400000
组合2 Combination 28278.51214.6
组合3 Combination 38222.48097.6
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265702810418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同激素组合对芽诱导的效果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

激素组合

Phytohormone

combination

愈伤数量Number of

callus

芽分化数量

Number of differentiated shoots

芽分化率(%)

Shoot differentiation

rate

褐化数量

Number of browned buds

褐化率(%)Browning

rate

组合1 Combination 1400000
组合2 Combination 28278.51214.6
组合3 Combination 38222.48097.6
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265778307891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Efficiency statistics of axillary bud culture at different stages

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阶段 Stages起始数量 Initial number成功数量 Successful number成功率(%)Success rate
愈伤诱导 Callus Induction41614.6
可增殖愈伤 Proliferable callus66100
芽分化 Shoot differentiation8278.5
根分化 Root differentiation33100
炼苗成活 Acclimatization survival33100
RT-PCR检测阴性 RT-PCR negative33100
), ArticleFig(id=1312006265857999668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006257385505511, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

腋芽组织培养各阶段效率统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
阶段 Stages起始数量 Initial number成功数量 Successful number成功率(%)Success rate
愈伤诱导 Callus Induction41614.6
可增殖愈伤 Proliferable callus66100
芽分化 Shoot differentiation8278.5
根分化 Root differentiation33100
炼苗成活 Acclimatization survival33100
RT-PCR检测阴性 RT-PCR negative33100
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基于腋芽的普通野生稻再生体系建立及脱毒效果初步验证
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雷德坤 1, 2 , 徐志健 1, 2 , 蓝远芬 1 , 梁云涛 1, 2 , 李丹婷 1, 2
植物遗传资源学报 | 论文 2026,27(7): 1468-1477
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植物遗传资源学报 |论文 2026 , 27 (7) : 1468 -1477
基于腋芽的普通野生稻再生体系建立及脱毒效果初步验证
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雷德坤1, 2 , 徐志健1, 2, 蓝远芬1, 梁云涛1, 2 , 李丹婷1, 2
作者信息
  • 1广西壮族自治区农业科学院,南宁 530007
  • 2广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁 530007
通讯作者:
梁云涛,研究方向为野生稻种质资源搜集、保护与利用,E-mail:
李丹婷,研究方向为水稻种质资源保护、鉴定评价与创新利用,E-mail:
作者简介:

(雷德坤、徐志健并列第一作者)

研究方向为野生稻种质资源搜集、保护与利用,E-mail:

Establishment of an Axillary Bud-Based Regeneration System and Preliminary Verification of Virus Elimination in Oryza rufipogon Griff.
Dekun LEI1, 2 , Zhijian XU1, 2, Yuanfen LAN1, Yuntao LIANG1, 2 , Danting LI1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007
  • 2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning 530007
出版时间: 2026-07-16 doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260430005
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普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)是栽培稻的直系祖先,是水稻遗传改良的核心种质资源。当前野生稻自然生境遭到严重破坏,野生稻圃活体保存的种质受到水稻病毒病威胁,以上问题威胁着野生稻种质资源的安全保存。为此,本研究构建了一套普通野生稻组织培养技术体系,并以感染病毒病的普通野生稻腋芽为外植体,实现了染病野生稻脱毒。结果表明,以5 mg/L 2,4-D+1 nmol/L OsREF1小肽可诱导腋芽形成可增殖的愈伤组织,2 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA可实现芽分化,通过两步法诱导形成根系且获得完整健壮的再生苗,最终获得的再生苗经RT-PCR检测病毒特异性条带消失。本研究建立的体系可实现染毒野生稻的脱毒与再生,为野生稻种质资源的安全保存提供技术支撑。

普通野生稻  /  组织培养  /  脱毒  /  腋芽  /  种质资源保存

Oryza rufipogon Griff., the direct ancestor of cultivated rice, is a core germplasm resource for rice genetic improvement. At present, the natural habitats of wild rice have suffered severe degradation. Moreover, the in vivo-conserved germplasm in wild rice nurseries is threatened by rice viral diseases, which severely compromised the safe preservation of wild rice resources. In this study, a tissue culture system was constructed, and axillary buds of virus-infected O. rufipogon were used as explants to achieve virus elimination. The results showed that the combination of 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 nmol/L OsREF1 could induce callus formation and proliferation from axillary buds, and the combination of 2 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L NAA could induce shoot differentiation. The two-step rooting method facilitated root induction and the growth of intact and robust plantlets. RT-PCR showed that the virus-specific bands were absent in the regenerated plantlets. In conclusion, this established system could achieve virus elimination and regeneration of virus-infected O. rufipogon, and provide technical support for the safe preservation of wild rice germplasm resources.

Oryza rufipogon Griff.  /  tissue culture  /  virus elimination  /  axillary bud  /  germplasm resource preservation
雷德坤, 徐志健, 蓝远芬, 梁云涛, 李丹婷. 基于腋芽的普通野生稻再生体系建立及脱毒效果初步验证. 植物遗传资源学报, 2026 , 27 (7) : 1468 -1477 . DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260430005
Dekun LEI, Zhijian XU, Yuanfen LAN, Yuntao LIANG, Danting LI. Establishment of an Axillary Bud-Based Regeneration System and Preliminary Verification of Virus Elimination in Oryza rufipogon Griff.[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2026 , 27 (7) : 1468 -1477 . DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260430005
普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)是栽培稻的祖先种,蕴藏抗逆、抗病等优异基因,是我国水稻改良的核心种质资源以及农业战略资源[1-2]。然而,城市化以及农业发展导致野生稻原生境遭到破坏,自然种群锐减,因此必须加强对野生稻种质资源的保护[3-4]。野生稻为天然杂合体,必须依赖种茎活体保存才能维持其遗传完整性,无法像栽培稻通过种子低温贮藏实现长期稳定保存[5-7],为此,国家建立种质资源圃对野生稻种质资源进行活体保存[8]。目前,活体保存的野生稻正遭受水稻病毒病的严重威胁,一旦种质资源被病毒感染,不仅会导致植株生活力下降,还可能造成资源繁殖困难甚至丧失利用价值。组织培养能够在保证其遗传完整性的同时脱毒获得无毒苗。本研究以感染病毒病的普通野生稻的腋芽为外植体,建立组织培养脱毒再生体系,旨在为感染病毒病的野生稻种质资源的健康保存提供技术支撑。
水稻病毒病是水稻的重要病害之一,具有两个显著特征,一是病毒会通过维管束系统快速扩散至全株[9],全株终身带毒,目前尚无有效药物可彻底防治[10],感染病毒的水稻会出现植株矮缩、不抽穗、结实率下降等生长异常[11],导致其优异基因也无法被利用,彻底丧失种质资源价值;二是病毒病主要通过媒介昆虫传播,这一传播特性导致野生稻圃等集中保存区域极易暴发大规模病毒病。近年来,我国南方地区南方水稻黑条矮缩病(SRBSDV, southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus)[12]、齿叶矮缩病(RRSV, rice ragged stunt virus)[13]频繁发生,严重威胁野生稻种质资源的健康保存与可持续利用。因此,需要建立一套针对染病野生稻种质资源的脱毒技术方案,以保障种质资源的健康。
植物组织培养技术经过多年发展已日趋成熟,其中组培脱毒技术因能有效去除植物体内的病毒[14],已广泛应用于甘蔗[15]、草莓[16]、马铃薯[17]等作物的种质保存与良种繁育中,成为生产和种质资源保存的重要技术手段。目前水稻组织培养相关研究多以种子、成熟胚或幼胚为起始材料[18-19],而针对水稻营养器官为起始材料的组织培养研究较少[20]。由于野生稻的特殊性,只有以植株营养器官为起始材料进行组织培养,才能保证其杂合基因型的遗传完整性,避免种子带来的基因丢失问题。因此,建立兼顾遗传稳定性维持和病原清除的脱毒再生体系,对于野生稻种质资源安全保存具有重要现实意义。基于此,本研究针对性开发了一套以普通野生稻腋芽为基础的组织培养脱毒方案,成功获得了感染RRSV的材料的脱毒苗,为普通野生稻种质资源的安全、健康保存提供了可行的技术支撑。
组织培养使用的普通野生稻均为国家野生稻种质资源圃(南宁)保存的种质资源,编号分别为YD02-727、YD02-757和9925,均为野外搜集后圃内长期保存的、广西来源的普通野生稻种质资源,其中YD02-727、YD02-757用于组织培养最优条件的筛选,9925为感染RRSV的材料。
水稻病毒病检测方法参照文献[21]并稍作修改。取3~5 cm长的野生稻叶片置于无菌离心管中,研磨成粉末后,按照试剂盒(诺唯赞生物科技有限公司,R701)说明书提取总RNA,再通过逆转录反应(诺唯赞生物科技有限公司,R312)合成cDNA。以cDNA为模板进行多重PCR反应,在一个反应体系内同时加入Actin基因引物和一对病毒特异性引物[21](表1),PCR反应体系为2×PCR Buffer 25 μL,2 mmol/L dNTP 10 μL,KOD FX酶(1 U/μL)(Toyobo,Japan)1 μL,Act-F和Act-R各2 μL,病毒特异性正、反向引物各2 μL,cDNA 2 μL,ddH2O 4 μL。PCR反应程序为94℃预变性;98℃变性10 s,58℃退火30 s,68℃延伸1 min,34个循环;68℃终延伸5 min。为提高检测精度,脱毒苗仅使用一对引物进行PCR检测。
所选材料均为长期保存于国家野生稻种质资源圃(南宁)的普通野生稻,选取处于分蘖期且生长健壮的分蘖,剥去外层叶鞘,暴露茎节基部着生的腋芽;用剪刀剪去多余茎秆部分,仅保留带腋芽的茎节作为外植体。
配制1‰(w/v)HgCl2溶液100 mL,向其中加入1滴Tween-20,充分摇匀后放入备好的外植体;将离心瓶置于摇床上,振荡消毒20 min。消毒结束后,用无菌水反复漂洗外植体3~5次,每次漂洗10 min,最后用灭菌滤纸吸干表面水分备用。
按照说明书配制N6培养基,加入3.956 g/L N6培养基基盐(含维生素)(PM1311,酷莱博)+30 g/L蔗糖+3 g/L酪蛋白水解物+0.5 g/L谷氨酰胺+0.5 g/L脯氨酸+3 g/L植物凝胶,调节pH至5.7,121℃灭菌20 min,得到基本培养基。在基本培养基中加入相应浓度的植物生长调节剂及其他添加物,即可得到不同的功能培养基。
在基本培养基中分别加入浓度梯度为0、1、10、100 nmol/L的OsREF1小肽,用于筛选OsREF1小肽的工作浓度。OsREF1基因为REF1在水稻中的同源基因[23],OsREF1蛋白C端23个氨基酸序列为ARLRPKPPG NPREGSGGNGGHHH,该多肽由金斯瑞生物科技有限公司合成。在基本培养基中分别加入浓度梯度为0、2、5、8、10 mg/L的2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)[20, 22],用于筛选2,4-D的工作浓度。最终在基本培养基中添加筛选出的最适浓度的2,4-D和OsREF1小肽,得到愈伤组织诱导培养基。将消毒后的外植体接种至愈伤组织诱导培养基,接种后置于26℃恒温暗培养条件下,培养2~3个月,诱导形成愈伤组织,待愈伤组织增殖1~2个月后进行下一步试验。
在基本培养基中加入对应浓度的激素组合和OsREF1小肽,得到芽诱导培养基。置于恒温培养箱中,培养条件设置为26℃(光照16 h,4000 lx)/22℃(黑暗8 h),培养1~2个月,诱导形成无根苗。
在基本培养基中分别加入浓度为0.2 mg/L和0.5 mg/L的萘乙酸(NAA, 1-naphthylacetic acid),得到根分化培养基。将无根组培苗转接到根分化培养基,置于恒温培养箱中,培养条件设置为26℃(光照16 h,4000 lx)/22℃(黑暗8 h),培养0.5~1个月,诱导根原基形成。
将带有根原基的小苗转接到壮苗培养基,配方为1/2 MS培养基+30 g/L蔗糖+3 g/L植物凝胶+1 g/L活性炭。培养条件设置为26℃(光照16 h,4000 lx)/22℃(黑暗8 h),持续培养至植株健壮。
打开组培容器,加入10 mL无菌水,培养2~3 d至植株叶片挺立;随后用自来水轻轻冲洗去除组培苗根部附着的培养基,将其移栽至装有无菌泥土的育苗小杯中,置于26℃(光照16 h,4000 lx)/22℃(黑暗8 h)的条件下培养。待植株生长至10~15 cm高时,将组培苗从培养箱中取出,移栽至大田定植。
OsREF1处理和愈伤组织诱导试验中,每个处理接种腋芽60个;芽诱导试验中,每个处理接种100个愈伤组织。OsREF1处理和愈伤组织诱导均进行3次重复试验。
褐化率=褐化的腋芽数/接种腋芽总数×100%;诱导率=诱导形成愈伤组织的腋芽数/接种腋芽总数×100%;芽分化率=分化出芽的愈伤组织数/接种愈伤总数×100%。
在野生稻圃日常维护过程中,发现保存区有少量种质资源植株出现矮缩、分蘖数异常增多、生活力显著下降等现象。按照NY/T 4263-2023《农作物种质资源库操作技术规程 种质圃》(https://www.sdtdata.com/fx/fmoa/tsLibCard/194380.html)移栽至大田培育后,其生长状态仍未恢复。基于上述异常表现,推测该类植株可能感染了水稻病毒病。为此,对24份疑似感染病毒病的野生稻种质资源进行水稻病毒检测。检测结果表明,有2株检测出感染RRSV,2株感染SRBSDV(图1)。
将OsREF1小肽按照0、1、10、100 nmol/L的浓度梯度添加至培养基中,随后将腋芽接种至含不同浓度OsREF1的培养基中进行培养。试验结果表明,当培养基中添加10 nmol/L和100 nmol/L浓度的OsREF1时,会引起外植体严重褐化,无法正常生长,因此后续所有相关试验均采用1 nmol/L的OsREF1浓度(表2)。
根据前人研究结果,以普通野生稻的种子为外植体时,添加2 mg/L 2,4-D即可成功诱导愈伤组织,且营养器官由于分化程度更高,需要更高浓度的生长素类似物进行脱分化[22],因此,本研究以培养基2,4-D浓度分别为0、2、5、8、10 mg/L进行梯度试验。结果(表3)显示,0 mg/L和10 mg/L 2,4-D无法诱导愈伤组织形成,2 mg/L 2,4-D仅能诱导形成极小的愈伤组织且无法生长增殖,8 mg/L 2,4-D诱导愈伤组织的效率较低,且愈伤组织呈现透明水渍状。在本研究设置的浓度范围内,5 mg/L 2,4-D处理的愈伤组织诱导率最高,为10.7%,且所形成的愈伤组织能够继续增殖(图2),因此后续采用5 mg/L 2,4-D的浓度用于腋芽愈伤组织的诱导(表3)。
将诱导获得的愈伤组织分别转接到不同激素种类及浓度组合的芽分化培养基中,具体组合如下:组合1(1 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA)、组合2(2 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA)、组合3(5 mg/L 6-BA+3 mg/L KT+2 mg/L ZT+0.4 mg/L NAA)。试验结果(表4)表明,组合2和组合3均能诱导愈伤组织分化产生芽点,但芽点最终发育为完整幼苗的效率较低;其中组合3因含有3种不同类型的细胞分裂素类似物,且整体激素浓度偏高,导致愈伤组织出现严重褐化现象,影响芽分化进程(图3)。综合以上结果,最终确定采用组合2的激素浓度作为后续试验的芽分化培养基。
将无根苗分别转接到含0.2 mg/L和0.5 mg/L浓度NAA的根分化培养基中,试验结果表明,0.2 mg/L NAA处理组无法诱导根系形成,0.5 mg/L NAA处理的3株无根苗均能诱导产生根系(图4A),诱导率为100%(表5),但其根系表型存在明显异常,表现为根毛异常增殖、生长速率缓慢,无法形成健壮根系(图4B)。
针对上述根系生长异常的问题,优化了根分化培养策略:首先将无根苗接种至含0.5 mg/L NAA的根分化培养基中诱导根原基形成;观察到根原基成功形成后,将其转接到无激素的壮苗培养基中促进根系正常生长发育(图4C),获得形态完整、生长健壮的再生苗(图4D)。
选取感染RRSV的普通野生稻9925为材料,验证该方法是否能够有效脱毒。最终对获得的再生苗取叶片进行RRSV检测,结果显示病毒特异性条带消失(图5),证实本研究建立的野生稻脱毒与再生体系的可行性。
本研究以感染病毒的普通野生稻腋芽为外植体建立离体培养与再生体系,核心优势在于起始材料来源于营养器官。对于天然异交形成的普通野生稻而言,营养器官途径较种子途径更有利于保持原始基因型,避免因有性繁殖导致后代分离和遗传组成改变。已有研究多集中于以成熟胚、幼胚或种子为外植体建立水稻再生与转化体系[22],而针对野生稻营养器官,尤其是面向感染病毒材料健康恢复的研究相对有限。本研究选用腋芽作为外植体,一方面材料来源稳定、取材相对方便,另一方面腋芽本身具有较强分生组织活性,为后续愈伤诱导和再生提供了基础。
本研究将OsREF1小肽引入愈伤诱导和芽分化过程,并筛选出1 nmol/L为适宜浓度,而较高浓度则导致外植体褐化、生长受抑。REF1被认为与植物损伤信号及再生诱导有关[23],本研究结果表明,高浓度的外源OsREF1会打破外植体内源调控平衡,引发胁迫反应或加剧褐化。因此,尽管新型再生调控因子在野生稻组培中的应用具有潜力,但使用过程中应结合不同基因型、不同外植体部位以及不同培养阶段,系统评估其在愈伤维持、分化启动和再生中的作用。
在愈伤组织诱导阶段,本研究发现普通野生稻腋芽对激素水平较为钝感。前人以普通野生稻种子为外植体时,以2 mg/L的低浓度2,4-D即可诱导愈伤组织形成和增殖[22],但本研究中,在以腋芽为外植体时,2 mg/L 2,4-D虽可诱导愈伤,却难以维持后续增殖,而5 mg/L 2,4-D能够获得可持续增殖的愈伤组织,但诱导效率仅为10.7%,远低于幼胚、成熟胚等胚性组织。这一差异与外植体类型、生理状态及野生稻材料本身基因型差异有关[24]。营养器官来源外植体往往木质化程度更高、内源激素背景更复杂,对外源生长素的需求也高于种胚类材料[20]。由此可见,普通野生稻组培体系不能简单套用栽培稻或野生稻种子培养参数,而应根据外植体来源进行针对性优化。
在芽分化阶段,本研究中2 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA的组合优于高浓度多细胞分裂素复配方案;虽然高激素组合能够诱导芽点产生,但褐化严重、幼苗形成率低,说明普通野生稻愈伤组织对细胞分裂素水平同样较为敏感。本研究中最高的芽分化效率仅为8.5%,远低于幼胚、成熟胚等来源的愈伤组织[25],这是由于营养器官来源的外植体分化程度较高,再生潜力弱,导致分化效率较差[24, 26],后续试验将对激素组合进行进一步优化。芽分化实质上是细胞重新获得器官发生能力的过程,需要生长素与细胞分裂素之间保持相对协调。过高的外源细胞分裂素输入可能在短期内刺激分裂活动,但也容易造成组织生理失衡和再生质量下降[27]。本研究筛选出的激素组合较为简洁且具备一定的分化效果,为普通野生稻再生体系的优化提供了参考。
在本研究中,根分化试验结果表明,普通野生稻再生苗生根是体系建立中的关键环节。0.2 mg/L NAA不能有效诱导根形成,而0.5 mg/L NAA虽然可诱导生根,但浓度过高引起根毛异常增殖和根系发育不良,与前人报道的高浓度NAA抑制水稻根伸长的结果[28-29]一致。为此,本研究提出“两步生根法”,即先利用较高生长素水平诱导根原基形成,再转入无激素壮苗培养基促进根系正常伸长和植株恢复。该方法最终获得了形态正常、生长健壮的再生植株,说明普通野生稻根系再生既需要生长素信号启动,又需要在后期及时解除高生长素胁迫。两步生根法的成功,实质上反映了根原基诱导与后续根系伸长在调控需求上的差异,也提示在野生稻等难培养材料中,分阶段精细调控可能比单一培养基持续培养更有效。
从脱毒效果看,再生苗中RRSV病毒特异性条带消失,表明本研究建立的腋芽组培体系能够实现病毒清除。普通野生稻材料感染RRSV和SRBSDV后表现出生长衰弱、分蘖异常等症状[13, 30],而再生苗表现出较好的生长状态,并在分子检测上未检出相应病毒条带,说明该体系具备健康恢复应用潜力。但本研究仅在感染RRSV的植株上进行了验证,尚未对SRBSDV进行试验,后续将对SRBSDV开展相关验证试验。目前主要依据RT-PCR结果对特定病毒进行验证,后续仍有必要扩大检测样本量,并在继代保存、移栽成活及田间持续生长阶段继续跟踪病毒稳定清除情况,以进一步评价体系的长期脱毒效果和实用价值。
本研究围绕感染病毒的普通野生稻活体材料难以健康保存的问题,建立了以腋芽为外植体的愈伤诱导、芽分化、两步生根和病毒检测相结合的技术流程。该体系为感染病毒的普通野生稻健康恢复提供了可行方法,也为野生稻营养器官离体保存、无性扩繁及资源抢救性保存提供了技术参考。
本研究虽初步建立了普通野生稻腋芽组培脱毒与再生技术体系,但有进一步完善的空间。首先,不同普通野生稻材料之间基因型差异较大,当前培养条件是否具有广泛适用性仍需在更多种质资源上验证。其次,本研究的愈伤诱导率和芽分化率较低,对于染病、生活力较弱的种质资源,取材进行组培脱毒存在一定的失败风险,后续在培养基配方、培养条件等方面仍需进一步优化。最后,脱毒后植株虽然恢复正常生长,但其遗传稳定性和表型一致性仍需结合分子标记或后续农艺性状观察开展评估,以确保该体系在脱毒的同时尽可能保持原始种质特征。

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doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260430005
  • 接收时间:2026-04-30
  • 首发时间:2026-09-30
  • 出版时间:2026-07-16
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  • 收稿日期:2026-04-30
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    1广西壮族自治区农业科学院,南宁 530007
    2广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁 530007

通讯作者:

梁云涛,研究方向为野生稻种质资源搜集、保护与利用,E-mail:
李丹婷,研究方向为水稻种质资源保护、鉴定评价与创新利用,E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zwyczyxb/CN/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260430005
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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