Article(id=1312006217220841912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, issueId=1312006144101540779, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260406001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1775404800000, receivedDateStr=2026-04-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790736258081, onlineDateStr=2026-09-30, pubDate=1784131200000, pubDateStr=2026-07-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790736258081, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790736258081, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790736258081, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1312006144101540779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, year='2026', volume='27', issue='7', pageStart='1311', pageEnd='1484', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784131200000', pubDateStr='2026-07-16', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790736240648, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790739525097, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1312019920167203355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, issueId=1312006144101540779, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1312019920167203356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, issueId=1312006144101540779, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1456, endPage=1467, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1312006217401196985, articleId=1312006217220841912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, language=EN, title=Comprehensive Evaluation of Ratooning Ability Between Wild Rice Substitution Lines and Cultivated Rice, columnId=1312006179899924628, journalTitle=Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, columnName=RESEARCH ARTICLES, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Ratoon rice possesses multiple production advantages including higher multiple cropping index, superior grain quality, seed and labor savings, reduced water consumption and pesticide application, as well as remarkable economic benefits. Therefore, identifying and evaluating the ratooning ability of germplasm resources is particularly important for developing cultivars with strong ratooning ability. In this study, 241 chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs)derived from wild rice and 438 cultivated rice accessions were used as materials. Fourteen phenotypic traits were evaluated in replicated trials over two years to comprehensively assess the ratooning ability of the germplasm. The results showed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 2.54% to 49.46% in the wild rice population, and from 4.17% to 33.06% in the cultivated rice population. Among all traits, grain yield per plant in the ratoon season exhibited the highest coefficient of variation in both populations. Correlation analysis revealed that ratooning ability was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with plant height, panicle length, number of productive panicles in the ratoon season and ratooning yield per plant, but significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with number of productive panicles and seed setting rate. This suggests that developing germplasm with strong ratooning ability requires balanced consideration of traits in both the main and ratoon crops. Five principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted by principal component analysis, explaining a cumulative contribution rate of 75.15%. The comprehensive evaluation value for ratooning ability (D values) was obtained by integrating membership function analysis and weight assignment. The D values ranged from 0.24 to 0.74, with a mean of 0.47. Introduced accessions exhibited the best overall ratooning ability, improved cultivars and landraces were at an intermediate level, and the wild rice population showed the poorest ratooning ability but had rich genetic variation, making it suitable for QTL mapping, dissection of single-segment effects, and mining of candidate regions. Representative resources including the introduced accessions IR 83142-60 and IRRI 186, improved cultivars Shuanghuixuan 26 and Xianjinghui 6, the landrace Baike No. 5, and the wild rice line A0792 were identified and can be directly used as core parents with strong ratooning ability in breeding programs. This study clarified the genetic differences in ratooning ability among different types of rice, established a quantitative and applicable comprehensive evaluation index for ratooning ability, and provides material basis and theoretical reference for screening elite ratoon rice germplasm, parent selection, and gene mining for ratooning ability.

, authors=Yebao ZHU1, Tianpu LI1, Baoxuan NONG2, Huarong HE1, Xiuzhong XIA2, Jinying WANG1, Chuan JIANG1, Juguang CAI1, authorsList=Yebao ZHU, Tianpu LI, Baoxuan NONG, Huarong HE, Xiuzhong XIA, Jinying WANG, Chuan JIANG, Juguang CAI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chuan JIANG, Juguang CAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1312006219682898366, articleId=1312006217220841912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, language=CN, title=野生稻代换系与栽培稻种质资源再生力综合评价, columnId=1312006180101251222, journalTitle=植物遗传资源学报, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

再生稻在生产上具有提高复种指数、米质优良、省种省工、节水减药、经济效益突出等诸多优势,开展种质资源再生力鉴定和评价,对培育强再生力品种尤为重要。以241份野生稻染色体片段代换系和438份栽培稻为材料,对14个表型性状进行2年重复鉴定,综合评价种质资源的再生力。结果表明,野生稻表型性状变异系数为2.54%~49.46%,栽培稻为4.17%~33.06%,其中再生单株产量在两类群体中变异系数均最高。相关性分析表明,野生稻群体与栽培稻资源的再生力与株高、穗长、再生有效穗、再生单株产量均呈正相关,与有效穗、结实率均呈负相关,均达到显著或极显著水平,说明强再生力种质需统筹兼顾头季与再生季各项性状表现。主成分分析筛选出5个特征值大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达75.15%,结合隶属函数分析和权重赋值进一步计算种质资源再生力综合评价D值,D值变异范围0.24~0.74,平均值0.47,其中外引种再生力综合评价表现最优,改良种、地方品种处于中等水平,野生稻群体最差,但其遗传变异丰富,适宜进行再生力QTL定位、单片段效应解析和候选区段挖掘研究。筛选到外引种IR 83142-60、IRRI 186,改良种双恢选26、籼粳恢6,地方品种白壳五号以及野生稻群体A0792等代表资源,可直接作为强再生力核心亲本用于育种利用。本研究明确了不同类型水稻种质资源再生力差异,建立了可量化应用的再生力综合评价指标,为再生稻优异种质筛选、亲本选配与再生力基因挖掘提供了材料基础和理论参考。

, authors=朱业宝1, 李天璞1, 农保选2, 何花榕1, 夏秀忠2, 王金英1, 江川1, 蔡巨广1, authorsList=朱业宝, 李天璞, 农保选, 何花榕, 夏秀忠, 王金英, 江川, 蔡巨广, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=江川, 蔡巨广, authorNote=

研究方向为水稻种质资源与遗传育种,E-mail:

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江川,研究方向为水稻种质资源,E-mail:
蔡巨广,研究方向为水稻遗传育种,E-mail:
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Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2012, 38(7): 1240-1246, articleTitle=QTL analysis of ratooning ability and related agronomic traits by using RIL population, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006233255666225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=18, issue=4, pageStart=382, pageEnd=386, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=44, authorNames=任天举, 张晓春, 王培华, 李经勇, journalName=西南农业学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=任天举, 张晓春, 王培华, 李经勇. 杂交中稻、再生稻两季高产组合的主要特征特性及配合力效应. 西南农业学报, 2005, 18(4): 382-386, articleTitle=杂交中稻、再生稻两季高产组合的主要特征特性及配合力效应, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006233360523826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=18, issue=4, pageStart=382, pageEnd=386, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=45, authorNames=Ren T J, Zhang X C, Wang P H, Li J Y, journalName=Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ren T J, Zhang X C, Wang P H, Li J Y. 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Research and prospect on physio-ecological properties of ratoon rice yield formation and its key cultivation technology. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(4): 392-401, articleTitle=Research and prospect on physio-ecological properties of ratoon rice yield formation and its key cultivation technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006233633153589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1983, volume=52, issue=1, pageStart=15, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=48, authorNames=Ichii M, Sumi Y, journalName=Japanese Journal of Crop Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ichii M, Sumi Y. Effect of food reserves on the ratoon growth of rice plant. 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Comprehensive evaluation and selection of rice (Oryza sativa japonica)germplasm for saline tolerance at seedling stage. 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Screening and comprehensive evaluation of cold-tolerant germplasm resources at rice seedling stage. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2022, 27(2): 34-45, articleTitle=Screening and comprehensive evaluation of cold-tolerant germplasm resources at rice seedling stage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234362962492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=44, issue=5, pageStart=112, pageEnd=119, 126, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=55, authorNames=莫俊杰, 马安基, 刘可东, 洪超华, 罗娟, journalName=种子, refType=null, unstructuredReference=莫俊杰, 马安基, 刘可东, 洪超华, 罗娟. 不同籼稻种质对高温响应及其耐热性鉴定. 种子, 2025, 44(5): 112-119, 126, articleTitle=不同籼稻种质对高温响应及其耐热性鉴定, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234463625789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=44, issue=5, pageStart=112, pageEnd=119, 126, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=56, authorNames=Mo J J, Ma A J, Liu K D, Hong C H, Luo J, journalName=indica Kato. germplasms. 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Seed, 2025, 44(5): 112-119, 126, articleTitle=Response to high temperature and identification of heat tolerance in different Oryza sativa subsp, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234547511870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=37, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=57, authorNames=袁嘉琦, 汪波, 杨锍琰, 周根友, journalName=江西农业学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=袁嘉琦, 汪波, 杨锍琰, 周根友. 基于主成分分析和聚类分析的江苏地区粳稻品质评价与分类研究. 江西农业学报, 2025, 37(9): 1-9, articleTitle=基于主成分分析和聚类分析的江苏地区粳稻品质评价与分类研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234610426431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=37, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=58, authorNames=Yuan J Q, Wang B, Yang L Y, Zhou G Y, journalName=Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yuan J Q, Wang B, Yang L Y, Zhou G Y. Evaluation and classification of japonica rice quality in Jiangsu region based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2025, 37(9): 1-9, articleTitle=Evaluation and classification of japonica rice quality in Jiangsu region based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234677535296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2026, volume=27, issue=3, pageStart=439, pageEnd=456, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=59, authorNames=黎裕, 武晶, 李春辉, journalName=植物遗传资源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黎裕, 武晶, 李春辉. 作物基因资源挖掘:进展与展望. 植物遗传资源学报, 2026, 27 (3): 439-456, articleTitle=作物基因资源挖掘:进展与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234744644161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2026, volume=27, issue=3, pageStart=439, pageEnd=456, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=60, authorNames=Li Y, Wu J, Li C H, journalName=Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Y, Wu J, Li C H. Mining of gene resources in crops: Advances and prospects. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2026, 27(3): 439-456, articleTitle=Mining of gene resources in crops: Advances and prospects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234824335938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2026, volume=27, issue=4, pageStart=712, pageEnd=721, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=61, authorNames=刘雨鑫, 杨春刚, 张强, 马小定, 金京花, 韩冰, 张三元, 郭晓红, 韩龙植, 崔迪, journalName=植物遗传资源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘雨鑫, 杨春刚, 张强, 马小定, 金京花, 韩冰, 张三元, 郭晓红, 韩龙植, 崔迪. 自然条件与冷水胁迫下水稻主要农艺性状的表型差异. 植物遗传资源学报, 2026, 27(4) : 712-721, articleTitle=自然条件与冷水胁迫下水稻主要农艺性状的表型差异, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1312006234904027715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2026, volume=27, issue=4, pageStart=712, pageEnd=721, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=62, authorNames=Liu Y X, Yang C G, Zhang Q, Ma X D, Jin J H, Han B, Zhang S Y, Guo X H, Han L Z, Cui D, journalName=Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Y X, Yang C G, Zhang Q, Ma X D, Jin J H, Han B, Zhang S Y, Guo X H, Han L Z, Cui D. Phenotypic differences in major agronomic traits of rice under natural conditions versus cold water stress. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2026, 27(4) : 712-721, articleTitle=Phenotypic differences in major agronomic traits of rice under natural conditions versus cold water stress, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1312006219934556607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006219942945216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, companyId=1312006219934556607, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Germplasm Resources Bank for Rice, Fuzhou 350018), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006219955528129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, companyId=1312006219934556607, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1福建省农业科学院水稻研究所/福建省稻种质资源库,福州 350018)]), AuthorCompany(id=1312006220043608514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006220056191427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, companyId=1312006220043608514, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1312006220068774340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, companyId=1312006220043608514, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所,南宁 530007)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1312006224451822071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Correlation analysis of phenotypic traits in wild rice populations, figureFileSmall=ZCe2fuGZpuguqAC7s+tx5g==, figureFileBig=lpDmOQzsDNpwSav/xHXdZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006224523125240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=CN, label=图1, caption=野生稻群体表型性状相关分析

*和**分别表示在P0.05 和P0.01水平下显著性相关; 下同

, figureFileSmall=ZCe2fuGZpuguqAC7s+tx5g==, figureFileBig=lpDmOQzsDNpwSav/xHXdZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006224716063225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Correlation analysis of phenotypic traits in cultivated rice germplasm resources, figureFileSmall=kCC9crJPKy6KLRanfIxGyg==, figureFileBig=dhfrpekzTv4bGbuY9oZ0rA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006224778977786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=CN, label=图2, caption=栽培稻种质资源表型性状相关分析, figureFileSmall=kCC9crJPKy6KLRanfIxGyg==, figureFileBig=dhfrpekzTv4bGbuY9oZ0rA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1312006224850280955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Descriptive statistics of 14 key agronomic and ratooning-related phenotypic traits

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

性状

Traits

最小值 Min.中位数 Median最大值 Max.平均值 Mean标准差 SD变异系数(%)CV偏度 Skewness峰度 Kurtosis

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

抽穗历期(d)DH82.592.5103.0105.8121.0136.5103.4106.72.624.452.544.170.280.9432.634.29
株高(cm)PH85.180.6102.7103.6169.9130.4105.7103.813.699.0612.958.732.960.118.97-0.12
穗长(cm)PL18.0616.5723.3525.3930.5735.6223.4525.481.542.846.5611.160.670.273.83-0.04
有效穗 EPN7.14.99.68.616.926.49.78.81.311.9313.5522.001.383.294.5821.47
穗粒数 SPP72.0110.4141.4194.0259.4396.0146.2195.542.6439.0129.1719.950.440.72-0.661.79
结实率(%)SSR52.7436.4788.9381.4297.9297.7387.8279.395.9710.256.8012.91-1.99-0.937.080.76
千粒重(g)KGW13.5016.6317.2525.1021.4736.3117.4125.191.343.237.6812.840.400.050.540.11
谷粒长度(cm)GL6.545.867.047.908.3210.287.087.890.240.763.349.651.580.054.93-0.24
谷粒宽度(cm)GW1.851.982.092.522.343.282.092.550.090.254.219.730.280.300.16-0.33
头季单株产量(g)FYP9.384.7717.9721.0030.4531.8617.9920.533.114.8317.2923.500.15-0.661.020.45
再生有效穗 REPN3.94.99.210.218.022.99.310.62.352.6825.1425.410.670.781.011.09
再生单株产量(g)RYP0.592.065.2610.4515.8826.105.4610.572.703.5049.4633.060.780.281.210.91
总单株产量(g)TYP11.4813.1522.8831.4844.4050.7123.4531.104.536.3019.3420.260.65-0.211.550.48
再生力 RA0.360.340.951.201.982.640.981.190.270.3527.5429.890.700.120.910.56
), ArticleFig(id=1312006224925778428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

14 个关键农艺与再生相关表型性状描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

性状

Traits

最小值 Min.中位数 Median最大值 Max.平均值 Mean标准差 SD变异系数(%)CV偏度 Skewness峰度 Kurtosis

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

野生稻

群体

WRP

栽培稻

种质资源

CRGR

抽穗历期(d)DH82.592.5103.0105.8121.0136.5103.4106.72.624.452.544.170.280.9432.634.29
株高(cm)PH85.180.6102.7103.6169.9130.4105.7103.813.699.0612.958.732.960.118.97-0.12
穗长(cm)PL18.0616.5723.3525.3930.5735.6223.4525.481.542.846.5611.160.670.273.83-0.04
有效穗 EPN7.14.99.68.616.926.49.78.81.311.9313.5522.001.383.294.5821.47
穗粒数 SPP72.0110.4141.4194.0259.4396.0146.2195.542.6439.0129.1719.950.440.72-0.661.79
结实率(%)SSR52.7436.4788.9381.4297.9297.7387.8279.395.9710.256.8012.91-1.99-0.937.080.76
千粒重(g)KGW13.5016.6317.2525.1021.4736.3117.4125.191.343.237.6812.840.400.050.540.11
谷粒长度(cm)GL6.545.867.047.908.3210.287.087.890.240.763.349.651.580.054.93-0.24
谷粒宽度(cm)GW1.851.982.092.522.343.282.092.550.090.254.219.730.280.300.16-0.33
头季单株产量(g)FYP9.384.7717.9721.0030.4531.8617.9920.533.114.8317.2923.500.15-0.661.020.45
再生有效穗 REPN3.94.99.210.218.022.99.310.62.352.6825.1425.410.670.781.011.09
再生单株产量(g)RYP0.592.065.2610.4515.8826.105.4610.572.703.5049.4633.060.780.281.210.91
总单株产量(g)TYP11.4813.1522.8831.4844.4050.7123.4531.104.536.3019.3420.260.65-0.211.550.48
再生力 RA0.360.340.951.201.982.640.981.190.270.3527.5429.890.700.120.910.56
), ArticleFig(id=1312006225005470205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Eigenvectors,weight and contribution rates of principal components

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

性状

Traits

主成分 Principal component
12345
抽穗历期 DH0.600.28-0.270.200.25
株高 PH0.240.52-0.050.41-0.50
穗长 PL0.630.36-0.290.33-0.03
有效穗 EPN-0.390.060.340.290.71
穗粒数 SPP0.58-0.01-0.130.020.03
结实率 SSR-0.55-0.240.320.09-0.18
千粒重 KGW0.77-0.40-0.26-0.180.17
谷粒长度 GL0.650.09-0.260.170.34
谷粒宽度 GW0.59-0.55-0.20-0.38-0.04
头季单株产量 FYP0.42-0.500.430.52-0.12
再生有效穗 REPN0.390.480.61-0.290.26
再生单株产量 RYP0.80-0.030.30-0.10-0.03
总单株产量 TYP0.75-0.340.460.28-0.10
再生力 RA0.580.420.38-0.45-0.21
特征值 Eigenvalues4.811.771.561.251.12
贡献率(%)Contribution rate34.3812.6711.168.908.02
权重(%)Weight45.7516.8614.8611.8510.68
累计贡献率(%)Cumulative contributive rate34.3847.0658.2267.1375.15
), ArticleFig(id=1312006225072579070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

主成分特征向量、权重及贡献率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

性状

Traits

主成分 Principal component
12345
抽穗历期 DH0.600.28-0.270.200.25
株高 PH0.240.52-0.050.41-0.50
穗长 PL0.630.36-0.290.33-0.03
有效穗 EPN-0.390.060.340.290.71
穗粒数 SPP0.58-0.01-0.130.020.03
结实率 SSR-0.55-0.240.320.09-0.18
千粒重 KGW0.77-0.40-0.26-0.180.17
谷粒长度 GL0.650.09-0.260.170.34
谷粒宽度 GW0.59-0.55-0.20-0.38-0.04
头季单株产量 FYP0.42-0.500.430.52-0.12
再生有效穗 REPN0.390.480.61-0.290.26
再生单株产量 RYP0.80-0.030.30-0.10-0.03
总单株产量 TYP0.75-0.340.460.28-0.10
再生力 RA0.580.420.38-0.45-0.21
特征值 Eigenvalues4.811.771.561.251.12
贡献率(%)Contribution rate34.3812.6711.168.908.02
权重(%)Weight45.7516.8614.8611.8510.68
累计贡献率(%)Cumulative contributive rate34.3847.0658.2267.1375.15
), ArticleFig(id=1312006225148076543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Descriptive statistics of D values by germplasm type

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种质类型

Germplasm type

最小值 Min.25% 百分位数 25th percentile中位数 Median75% 百分位数 75th percentile

最大值

Max.

平均值

Mean

变异系数(%)

CV

偏度

Skewness

峰度 Kurtosis
总体 Total0.240.390.460.540.740.4720.300.14-0.67
野生稻群体WRP0.240.350.380.410.630.3915.240.701.46
栽培稻种质资源 CRGR0.260.460.520.560.740.5116.15-0.250.07
外引种 IA0.330.500.560.620.740.5615.05-0.200.13
改良种 IV0.260.450.510.550.710.5015.97-0.43-0.04
地方品种 LV0.340.440.510.550.680.5014.120-0.39
), ArticleFig(id=1312006225231962624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同类型资源D值的描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种质类型

Germplasm type

最小值 Min.25% 百分位数 25th percentile中位数 Median75% 百分位数 75th percentile

最大值

Max.

平均值

Mean

变异系数(%)

CV

偏度

Skewness

峰度 Kurtosis
总体 Total0.240.390.460.540.740.4720.300.14-0.67
野生稻群体WRP0.240.350.380.410.630.3915.240.701.46
栽培稻种质资源 CRGR0.260.460.520.560.740.5116.15-0.250.07
外引种 IA0.330.500.560.620.740.5615.05-0.200.13
改良种 IV0.260.450.510.550.710.5015.97-0.43-0.04
地方品种 LV0.340.440.510.550.680.5014.120-0.39
), ArticleFig(id=1312006225311654401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Detailed information of the top 25 rice germplasm resources in comprehensive ranking

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

排名

Ranking

名称

Name

种质类型

Germplasm type

D值

D value

株高

(cm)

PH

穗长

(cm)

PL

有效穗

EPN

穗粒数

SPP

结实率(%)

SSR

千粒重

(g)

KGW

谷粒长度(cm)

GL

谷粒宽度(cm)

GW

头季单株产量

(g)

FYP

再生

有效穗

REPN

再生单株

产量

(g)

RYP

总单株

产量

(g)

TYP

再生力

RA

1IR 83142-60外引种0.7419102.0028.789.00216.0081.3028.069.012.4431.0916.3019.1850.271.84
2IRRI 186外引种0.7351118.8030.2611.40292.8062.8423.378.382.2526.0916.9013.7039.791.53
3IR 82589-B-B-138-2外引种0.7157125.6027.928.60315.2051.7822.727.622.5223.4814.7018.0141.491.65
4双恢选26改良种0.7098108.6024.626.90248.4057.9727.448.982.5720.8915.0020.6941.592.38
5IR 16A3098外引种0.6914117.2028.727.60231.2084.4323.508.332.3228.0913.6016.2244.311.79
6IR 83140-55(IR 07G103)外引种0.6876112.8030.528.40209.6058.4025.0310.232.1622.4612.2011.8534.311.45
7白壳五号地方品种0.6818109.2028.007.50217.2077.7223.847.832.4131.8612.4018.8550.711.68
8IR 19349-135-2-3-2-1外引种0.6782117.8031.809.90222.8082.0523.287.682.5022.9015.6015.0237.921.69
995-5322改良种0.6759110.4023.109.50175.2065.3022.456.922.5627.8017.0022.8150.611.80
10IR 61614-3B-19-3-2-2外引种0.6634109.4030.928.60233.2055.9224.457.982.4324.2512.2015.7940.041.43
11IR 55626-66外引种0.6543106.8032.6010.50243.2070.3924.888.612.3718.5115.3011.5830.091.45
12IR 14F712外引种0.6533108.8028.6213.40235.6073.5123.608.242.2717.6919.2011.5929.281.44
13CNR 066-06改良种0.6530114.4025.848.70146.9380.4025.968.992.3624.0115.4015.3139.321.77
14籼粳恢6改良种0.6475108.4030.827.30213.6070.0428.428.552.5718.5113.3014.0432.551.80
15宁育1号改良种0.6472107.0032.568.60263.6054.9328.847.892.8224.8011.7011.4436.241.44
16增优7号改良种0.6436121.2031.167.90219.6066.1224.668.612.4219.1212.5011.5730.691.61
17双恢选41改良种0.6435103.0028.909.10200.0074.2029.469.172.6024.2011.6015.1339.331.27
18IR 82912-B-B-2外引种0.6409100.8027.6210.70221.2080.8325.418.232.3521.3417.4013.9835.321.81
19IR 17L1124外引种0.6335119.2031.168.00270.4060.0624.097.922.4422.5812.1010.1532.721.51
20温2-23改良种0.6291119.4027.849.90236.4063.1125.098.092.4519.4113.6012.1031.511.38
21A0792野生稻群体0.6291157.3229.528.60131.4091.9321.447.742.2422.8513.4014.1136.961.56
22IR 75870-7-9-1-6-2-2-1-B外引种0.6269113.4029.208.70172.3675.1126.738.522.3520.9611.2016.7437.701.29
23中籼1号改良种0.6244112.8022.669.40214.0071.0327.957.452.9425.7213.4018.8344.551.39
24IR 12M112外引种0.6226104.8027.9811.50202.0071.6825.778.402.3618.5315.1013.9232.461.42
25IR 13L337外引种0.622495.8028.7212.90196.8069.3125.228.562.4020.8520.604.6125.461.61
), ArticleFig(id=1312006225399734786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385948879159419, articleId=1312006217220841912, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

综合排名前25的水稻种质资源详细信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

排名

Ranking

名称

Name

种质类型

Germplasm type

D值

D value

株高

(cm)

PH

穗长

(cm)

PL

有效穗

EPN

穗粒数

SPP

结实率(%)

SSR

千粒重

(g)

KGW

谷粒长度(cm)

GL

谷粒宽度(cm)

GW

头季单株产量

(g)

FYP

再生

有效穗

REPN

再生单株

产量

(g)

RYP

总单株

产量

(g)

TYP

再生力

RA

1IR 83142-60外引种0.7419102.0028.789.00216.0081.3028.069.012.4431.0916.3019.1850.271.84
2IRRI 186外引种0.7351118.8030.2611.40292.8062.8423.378.382.2526.0916.9013.7039.791.53
3IR 82589-B-B-138-2外引种0.7157125.6027.928.60315.2051.7822.727.622.5223.4814.7018.0141.491.65
4双恢选26改良种0.7098108.6024.626.90248.4057.9727.448.982.5720.8915.0020.6941.592.38
5IR 16A3098外引种0.6914117.2028.727.60231.2084.4323.508.332.3228.0913.6016.2244.311.79
6IR 83140-55(IR 07G103)外引种0.6876112.8030.528.40209.6058.4025.0310.232.1622.4612.2011.8534.311.45
7白壳五号地方品种0.6818109.2028.007.50217.2077.7223.847.832.4131.8612.4018.8550.711.68
8IR 19349-135-2-3-2-1外引种0.6782117.8031.809.90222.8082.0523.287.682.5022.9015.6015.0237.921.69
995-5322改良种0.6759110.4023.109.50175.2065.3022.456.922.5627.8017.0022.8150.611.80
10IR 61614-3B-19-3-2-2外引种0.6634109.4030.928.60233.2055.9224.457.982.4324.2512.2015.7940.041.43
11IR 55626-66外引种0.6543106.8032.6010.50243.2070.3924.888.612.3718.5115.3011.5830.091.45
12IR 14F712外引种0.6533108.8028.6213.40235.6073.5123.608.242.2717.6919.2011.5929.281.44
13CNR 066-06改良种0.6530114.4025.848.70146.9380.4025.968.992.3624.0115.4015.3139.321.77
14籼粳恢6改良种0.6475108.4030.827.30213.6070.0428.428.552.5718.5113.3014.0432.551.80
15宁育1号改良种0.6472107.0032.568.60263.6054.9328.847.892.8224.8011.7011.4436.241.44
16增优7号改良种0.6436121.2031.167.90219.6066.1224.668.612.4219.1212.5011.5730.691.61
17双恢选41改良种0.6435103.0028.909.10200.0074.2029.469.172.6024.2011.6015.1339.331.27
18IR 82912-B-B-2外引种0.6409100.8027.6210.70221.2080.8325.418.232.3521.3417.4013.9835.321.81
19IR 17L1124外引种0.6335119.2031.168.00270.4060.0624.097.922.4422.5812.1010.1532.721.51
20温2-23改良种0.6291119.4027.849.90236.4063.1125.098.092.4519.4113.6012.1031.511.38
21A0792野生稻群体0.6291157.3229.528.60131.4091.9321.447.742.2422.8513.4014.1136.961.56
22IR 75870-7-9-1-6-2-2-1-B外引种0.6269113.4029.208.70172.3675.1126.738.522.3520.9611.2016.7437.701.29
23中籼1号改良种0.6244112.8022.669.40214.0071.0327.957.452.9425.7213.4018.8344.551.39
24IR 12M112外引种0.6226104.8027.9811.50202.0071.6825.778.402.3618.5315.1013.9232.461.42
25IR 13L337外引种0.622495.8028.7212.90196.8069.3125.228.562.4020.8520.604.6125.461.61
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野生稻代换系与栽培稻种质资源再生力综合评价
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朱业宝 1 , 李天璞 1 , 农保选 2 , 何花榕 1 , 夏秀忠 2 , 王金英 1 , 江川 1 , 蔡巨广 1
植物遗传资源学报 | 论文 2026,27(7): 1456-1467
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植物遗传资源学报 |论文 2026 , 27 (7) : 1456 -1467
野生稻代换系与栽培稻种质资源再生力综合评价
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朱业宝1 , 李天璞1, 农保选2, 何花榕1, 夏秀忠2, 王金英1, 江川1 , 蔡巨广1
作者信息
  • 1福建省农业科学院水稻研究所/福建省稻种质资源库,福州 350018
  • 2广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所,南宁 530007
通讯作者:
江川,研究方向为水稻种质资源,E-mail:
蔡巨广,研究方向为水稻遗传育种,E-mail:
作者简介:

研究方向为水稻种质资源与遗传育种,E-mail:

Comprehensive Evaluation of Ratooning Ability Between Wild Rice Substitution Lines and Cultivated Rice
Yebao ZHU1 , Tianpu LI1, Baoxuan NONG2, Huarong HE1, Xiuzhong XIA2, Jinying WANG1, Chuan JIANG1 , Juguang CAI1
Affiliations
  • 1Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Germplasm Resources Bank for Rice, Fuzhou 350018
  • 2Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007
出版时间: 2026-07-16 doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260406001
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再生稻在生产上具有提高复种指数、米质优良、省种省工、节水减药、经济效益突出等诸多优势,开展种质资源再生力鉴定和评价,对培育强再生力品种尤为重要。以241份野生稻染色体片段代换系和438份栽培稻为材料,对14个表型性状进行2年重复鉴定,综合评价种质资源的再生力。结果表明,野生稻表型性状变异系数为2.54%~49.46%,栽培稻为4.17%~33.06%,其中再生单株产量在两类群体中变异系数均最高。相关性分析表明,野生稻群体与栽培稻资源的再生力与株高、穗长、再生有效穗、再生单株产量均呈正相关,与有效穗、结实率均呈负相关,均达到显著或极显著水平,说明强再生力种质需统筹兼顾头季与再生季各项性状表现。主成分分析筛选出5个特征值大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达75.15%,结合隶属函数分析和权重赋值进一步计算种质资源再生力综合评价D值,D值变异范围0.24~0.74,平均值0.47,其中外引种再生力综合评价表现最优,改良种、地方品种处于中等水平,野生稻群体最差,但其遗传变异丰富,适宜进行再生力QTL定位、单片段效应解析和候选区段挖掘研究。筛选到外引种IR 83142-60、IRRI 186,改良种双恢选26、籼粳恢6,地方品种白壳五号以及野生稻群体A0792等代表资源,可直接作为强再生力核心亲本用于育种利用。本研究明确了不同类型水稻种质资源再生力差异,建立了可量化应用的再生力综合评价指标,为再生稻优异种质筛选、亲本选配与再生力基因挖掘提供了材料基础和理论参考。

野生稻  /  栽培稻  /  代换系  /  再生能力  /  再生力综合评价

Ratoon rice possesses multiple production advantages including higher multiple cropping index, superior grain quality, seed and labor savings, reduced water consumption and pesticide application, as well as remarkable economic benefits. Therefore, identifying and evaluating the ratooning ability of germplasm resources is particularly important for developing cultivars with strong ratooning ability. In this study, 241 chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs)derived from wild rice and 438 cultivated rice accessions were used as materials. Fourteen phenotypic traits were evaluated in replicated trials over two years to comprehensively assess the ratooning ability of the germplasm. The results showed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 2.54% to 49.46% in the wild rice population, and from 4.17% to 33.06% in the cultivated rice population. Among all traits, grain yield per plant in the ratoon season exhibited the highest coefficient of variation in both populations. Correlation analysis revealed that ratooning ability was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with plant height, panicle length, number of productive panicles in the ratoon season and ratooning yield per plant, but significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with number of productive panicles and seed setting rate. This suggests that developing germplasm with strong ratooning ability requires balanced consideration of traits in both the main and ratoon crops. Five principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted by principal component analysis, explaining a cumulative contribution rate of 75.15%. The comprehensive evaluation value for ratooning ability (D values) was obtained by integrating membership function analysis and weight assignment. The D values ranged from 0.24 to 0.74, with a mean of 0.47. Introduced accessions exhibited the best overall ratooning ability, improved cultivars and landraces were at an intermediate level, and the wild rice population showed the poorest ratooning ability but had rich genetic variation, making it suitable for QTL mapping, dissection of single-segment effects, and mining of candidate regions. Representative resources including the introduced accessions IR 83142-60 and IRRI 186, improved cultivars Shuanghuixuan 26 and Xianjinghui 6, the landrace Baike No. 5, and the wild rice line A0792 were identified and can be directly used as core parents with strong ratooning ability in breeding programs. This study clarified the genetic differences in ratooning ability among different types of rice, established a quantitative and applicable comprehensive evaluation index for ratooning ability, and provides material basis and theoretical reference for screening elite ratoon rice germplasm, parent selection, and gene mining for ratooning ability.

wild rice  /  cultivated rice  /  chromosome segment substitution lines  /  ratooning ability  /  comprehensive evaluation of ratooning ability
朱业宝, 李天璞, 农保选, 何花榕, 夏秀忠, 王金英, 江川, 蔡巨广. 野生稻代换系与栽培稻种质资源再生力综合评价. 植物遗传资源学报, 2026 , 27 (7) : 1456 -1467 . DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260406001
Yebao ZHU, Tianpu LI, Baoxuan NONG, Huarong HE, Xiuzhong XIA, Jinying WANG, Chuan JIANG, Juguang CAI. Comprehensive Evaluation of Ratooning Ability Between Wild Rice Substitution Lines and Cultivated Rice[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2026 , 27 (7) : 1456 -1467 . DOI: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260406001
水稻是中国第一大口粮作物,约60%以上的人口以大米为主食,其产量稳定直接关系到国家粮食安全[1]。再生稻作为一种一年两收的高效轻简栽培模式,具有独特的区域适配性,尤其适用于温光资源满足两季种植不足、一季种植有余,以及“双季稻改单季稻”的南方稻作区域[2]。发展再生稻不仅能够有效提高复种指数,还具备稻米品质优良、省种省工、节水减药、经济效益显著等多重优势,是提升年度粮食总产量、进一步夯实国家粮食安全的有效途径[3-4]。近5年来,在国家相关政策的稳定支持下,全国再生稻种植面积持续稳定在1500万亩(100万hm2)以上[5-6]。农业农村部于2025年2月印发的《促进再生稻发展重点工作导引(2025-2030年)》指出,力争到2030年全国再生稻面积新增1000万亩(67万hm2)左右(https://www.gov.cn/lianbo/bumen/202502/content_7004720.htm)。缺乏再生力强的水稻品种,已成为制约再生稻高质量发展的关键因素之一[2,7]。因此,开展强再生力种质资源和品种的鉴定筛选、评价研究显得尤为重要。
品种再生力强弱是多个表型协同作用的结果,前人对品种筛选和再生力的评价指标开展了较为系统的研究。刘永胜等[8]对水稻亚种间杂种再生力与头季稻主要农艺性状的通径分析发现抽穗期和有效穗数对杂种再生力有极显著的直接作用。林强等[9]利用相关性、回归与通径分析发现再生力与再生稻产量呈极显著正相关,可以作为再生稻的评价指标,预测再生季产量的平均精度超过90%。倪梦玲等[10]选用粤禾丝苗等15个常规水稻品种开展再生稻筛选,筛选出适宜于华南稻区的再生稻栽培模式品种禾福占和粤宜糖1号。邵德意等[11]选用15个品种进行再生稻品种筛选,筛选出穗两优丰山丝苗等4个杂交稻品种适合直播再生稻种植。卢永根等[12]研究发现野生稻再生能力很强,其实验室以台中65为母本、高州野生稻为父本配制出72份野栽杂交组合,通过系统调查杂交后代再生能力及再生植株农艺性状发现,该类杂交材料再生性突出,在广州地区一年可实现两季以上再生种植,再生植株生长优势显著,其单株平均有效穗数达63.22穗,建议从中鉴定强分蘖力和再生力基因。当前再生力鉴定研究多集中于杂交稻材料,生产应用中的再生稻品种也主要从杂交稻品种中筛选获得[8-9,13-16],而针对野生稻与栽培稻优异种质开展强再生力筛选与系统评价的相关研究仍较少。回顾水稻产业发展历程,其产量的每一次重大突破,都离不开关键优异种质资源的发掘与有效利用,如sd1基因、野败种质、光温敏不育种质的发现和利用[17]。野生稻作为栽培稻的祖先种,蕴含着极高的遗传多样性,是挖掘水稻优异功能基因的核心载体[18]。因此,从野生稻和栽培稻种质资源中筛选强再生力材料、培育适配再生稻栽培模式的优良品种,是解决强再生力品种匮乏、促进再生稻产业提质增效的重要途径之一。
本研究以野生稻染色体片段代换系(CSSLs,chromosome segment substitution lines)及栽培稻种质资源为材料,对14个关键农艺性状与再生相关表型指标开展系统鉴定。通过描述性统计、相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数等多种统计方法,解析供试种质表型遗传多样性,定量综合评价不同类型水稻种质资源的再生能力差异,旨在建立再生力综合评价指标,筛选出再生力综合表现优异的种质,为再生力相关基因挖掘、再生稻亲本创制与品种选育提供材料基础和理论参考。
供试材料共计679份(详见https://doi.org/10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260406001,附表1),其中从福建省稻种质资源库筛选生育期适宜(120~130 d)、株高适中(95~125 cm)的栽培稻种质资源438份(编号1~438),涵盖福建省地方品种47份、改良种317份、外引种74份;野生稻染色体片段代换系241份(下文称“野生稻群体”,编号439~679),该群体由广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所提供,是以再生力强的柬埔寨普通野生稻为供体亲本,在广西主栽但再生力偏弱的籼稻品种油占8号为受体和轮回亲本,经多代回交、自交构建而成。所有供试材料于2023年、2024年同期播种移栽,每年3月18日播种,4月25日移栽,统一种植于福建省农业科学院水稻研究所将乐试验基地。两年试验均采用随机区组设计,无重复,行株距设置为20 cm×20 cm,单本栽插,每小区6行,每行6株;头季稻与再生季稻均采取人工收割方式,留茬高度统一控制为30 cm。
移栽前施复合肥(N、P、K配比15∶15∶15)40 kg/667 m2作为基肥;移栽后7 d左右,追施尿素6.5 kg/667 m2作为分蘖肥;晒田复水后,追施尿素6.5 kg/667 m2作为穗粒肥。头季稻齐穗后20 d,施用尿素16 kg/667 m2,作为再生苗催芽肥;头季稻收割后3 d内及时浇灌浅水,追施尿素5 kg/667 m2作为再生发苗肥。其他田间管理方法同常规再生稻大田。
调查抽穗期,计算抽穗历期(抽穗期-播种期);头季成熟期每小区中心取5株稻株考察株高、穗长、有效穗、穗粒数、穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重、谷粒长度、谷粒宽度,再生季成熟期调查再生有效穗,调查标准参照《水稻种质资源描述规范和数据标准》[19]。在各小区中心实收5株,脱粒后单打单晒,计算小区头季和再生单株产量,最后计算总单株产量,即头季单株产量与再生单株产量之和;再生有效穗与有效穗的比值定义为再生力(狭义),结合产量和穗粒结构等指标构建再生力综合评价指标(广义再生力),即D值。根据2年数据分析,取2年各性状平均值作为最终统计数据。
在Microsoft Excel 2021整理表型性状数据,在GraphPad Prism 8进行最小值、中位数、最大值、标准差、变异系数、峰度和偏度等描述性统计分析,利用SPSS20.0数据分析软件进行相关性分析、主成分分析,利用隶属函数和成分权重法进行再生力的综合评价,相关指标计算参照文献[20-21]。
主成分分析。为了消除不同表型间量纲差异,将表型数据Z-score标准化,以标准化数据进行相关性矩阵提取主成分,提取标准按照主成分特征值大于1。
隶属函数分析。将参试每份材料表型若干主成分值转化为隶属函数值,表型值为标准化后的数值。具体公式如下。
(Fj,i)=Fj,i-Fj,minFj,max-Fj,min
式中,Fj,i表示第i个品种第j个主成分值,Fj,min表示第j个主成分的最小值,Fj,max表示第j个主成分的最大值。
主成分权重公式如下。
wj=pj/∑j=1npj 
式中,wj表示第j个主成分在所有主成分中的重要程度,即权重,Pj代表经主成分分析所得第j个主成分的贡献率。
进一步对所有水稻种质资源进行综合评价,公式如下。
D=∑j=1n[R(Fj,i)×wj]
式中,D值为第i个水稻品种再生力强弱综合评价值,D值越大,再生力综合评价越优异。
对野生稻群体和栽培稻种质资源表型性状进行描述性统计分析(表1),结果表明,野生稻群体变异系数变异范围为2.54%~49.46%,平均为16.11%,从大到小依次为再生单株产量穗粒数再生力再生有效穗总单株产量头季单株产量有效穗株高千粒重结实率穗长谷粒宽度谷粒长度抽穗历期,而栽培稻种质资源变异系数变异范围为4.17%~33.06%,平均为17.38%,从大到小依次为再生单株产量再生力再生有效穗头季单株产量有效穗总单株产量穗粒数结实率千粒重穗长谷粒宽度谷粒长度株高抽穗历期。综上,两类种质整体表型变异较为丰富,其中再生单株产量在两个群体中变异系数均为最高,表明该性状在野生稻群体与栽培稻种质资源中均保留了丰富的遗传变异。在产量构成性状方面,栽培稻种质资源优势显著,穗粒数与千粒重的均值均高于野生稻群体;栽培稻结实率变异系数偏大,说明不同栽培品种间结实稳定性存在明显差异。粒型性状上,栽培稻种质资源谷粒长度、谷粒宽度的均值均大于野生稻群体,且谷粒长度变异系数比野生稻群体更高,表明栽培稻种质资源粒型相关遗传多样性更为丰富。再生特性相关指标中,栽培稻种质资源头季单株产量、再生单株产量及总单株产量的均值与中位数均高于野生稻群体,再生力均值约为野生稻群体的1.2倍,反映其再生力总体更强、实际生产潜力更优。此外,两类种质的多数表型指标符合数量性状连续变异特征,整体近似服从正态分布,仅部分性状表现出偏态或尖峰分布特征。
分别对野生稻群体和栽培稻种质资源的14个表型性状进行相关性分析(图1、图2),结果表明,从头季单株产量的相关性来看,野生稻群体头季单株产量与有效穗、结实率、千粒重、谷粒长度、谷粒宽度、再生单株产量和总单株产量均呈极显著正相关;栽培稻种质资源头季单株产量则与株高、穗粒数、结实率均呈显著正相关。针对再生单株产量,野生稻群体该性状与抽穗历期、株高、穗长、千粒重、谷粒长度、头季单株产量、再生有效穗和总单株产量均呈极显著正相关,与谷粒宽度呈显著正相关;栽培稻种质资源再生单株产量与抽穗历期、株高、穗长、头季单株产量、再生有效穗、总单株产量均呈极显著正相关,与有效穗呈显著负相关,与结实率呈极显著负相关。从再生力可知,野生稻群体再生力与株高、穗长、再生有效穗、再生单株产量、总单株产量均呈极显著正相关,与有效穗呈极显著负相关,与结实率呈显著负相关;栽培稻种质资源再生力与抽穗历期、株高、穗长、穗粒数、再生有效穗、再生单株产量及总单株产量均呈极显著正相关,与谷粒长度呈显著正相关,与有效穗、结实率均呈极显著负相关。
综合上述相关性结果可见,野生稻群体与栽培稻的头季单株产量、再生单株产量及再生力关联农艺性状存在区别,野生稻群体头季单株产量更依赖穗部数量和结实率,再生相关性状则受抽穗历期、株高、穗长等性状影响;而栽培稻种质资源因遗传多样性更大,性状关联网络更为复杂,头季单株产量侧重株型结构与单穗库容调控,再生季相关表型不仅与株高、穗长等性状高度关联,还与头季单株产量相关。由此表明,强再生力种质资源需统筹兼顾头季与再生季各性状表现。
对679份材料的14个表型性状进行主成分分析,按照特征值1的筛选标准,共提取得到5个主成分(表2)。5个主成分的贡献率依次为34.38%、12.67%、11.16%、8.90%和8.02%,累积贡献率达75.15%,说明上述5个主成分已包含14个原始表型性状中的绝大部分信息,可用于材料再生力的综合评价,分别记为F1、F2、F3、F4和F5。在主成分1中,千粒重、再生单株产量、总单株产量的载荷值较高,均在0.7以上,是该主成分的主要作用因子。在主成分2中,株高、谷粒宽度、头季单株产量的载荷值较高,绝对值均在0.5及以上,是该主成分的主要作用因子。在主成分3中,再生有效穗的载荷值较高,为0.61,是该主成分的主要作用因子。在主成分4中,头季单株产量的载荷值较高,为0.52,是该主成分的主要作用因子。在主成分5中,有效穗的载荷值较高,为0.71,是该主成分的主要作用因子。由表2可知,根据因子得分系数矩阵及其所对应的主成分,计算出每份材料每个主成分因子得分。
根据5个主成分的因子得分,计算每份材料对应各主成分的隶属函数值R(F1,i)、R(F2,i)、R(F3,i)、R(F4,i)、R(F5,i)。以各主成分贡献率为权重,构建679份水稻材料再生力综合评价模型,综合评价公式为D=0.4575×R(F1,i)+0.1686×R(F2,i)+0.1486×R(F3,i)+ 0.1185R×(F4,i)+0.1068×R(F5,i)。综合得分越高,表明种质再生力综合表现越优异,每份种质材料的D值具体结果详见附表1。对D值开展描述性统计分析(表3),结果表明,全部供试材料D值变异范围为0.24~0.74。分类群来看,野生稻群体D值分布在0.24~0.63,栽培稻种质资源变异幅度更大,为0.26~0.74。进一步将栽培稻种质资源细分3个亚类,其中外引种D值变异范围0.33~0.74,改良品种为0.26~0.71,地方品种相对集中,处于0.34~0.68。从表中可知,野生稻群体的平均值、中位数及四分位数值均低于其他稻种资源,其均值仅为0.39,表现出整体再生力综合评价较低,但其变异系数较高,离散程度相对适中,可以用于再生力相关位点挖掘。外引种的平均值与中位数最高,平均值达0.56,最大值与上四分位数也居首位,表明其性状整体表现突出,综合性状总体最优;改良种与地方品种的平均值和中位数相近,整体处于中等水平。
对所有种质按照D值排序,筛选获得D值排名前25的优异种质(表4)。这些优异种质再生相关性状表型值整体高于对应群体平均值,其中在再生力(野生稻群体均值为0.98,栽培稻种质资源均值为1.19)、再生单株产量(野生稻群体均值为5.46 g,栽培稻种质资源均值为10.57 g)、头季单株产量(野生稻群体均值为17.99 g,栽培稻种质资源均值为20.53 g)及总单株产量(野生稻群体均值为23.45,栽培稻种质资源均值为31.10 g)等核心再生性状上表现尤为突出,优势显著。从种质类型看,25份优异种质中外引种质占比最高,占56%,表明外引亲本在再生稻品种定向选育过程中具有较高的利用价值和应用潜力。尽管野生稻群体整体再生相关性状表现偏弱,但本研究也筛选出A0792这一优异野生稻材料,表明野生稻群体中可能携带着可利用的强再生力等位变异,为后续挖掘水稻强再生力相关功能基因、解析再生力分子机制及开展再生稻分子育种,提供了珍贵的种质材料与重要的理论支撑。
本研究对野生稻群体和栽培稻种质资源进行了描述性统计分析表明,野生稻群体变异系数大于10%的有8个性状,栽培稻种质资源有10个性状,说明野生稻群体和栽培稻种质资源的表型变异均丰富,其中再生单株产量在两个群体中变异系数均为最高。前人研究结果表明再生单株产量是由有效穗、穗粒结构及籽粒性状共同构成的复合产量性状,受腋芽萌发活力、茎秆营养转运效率及环境等因素共同调控,遗传调控网络复杂且受多基因累加效应影响显著,同时该性状并非人工驯化与定向选育的核心目标,种质间遗传差异得以长期保留[22]。表型相关性分析表明,野生稻群体和栽培稻种质资源在再生力及其关联性状的相关模式上存在一定差异。野生稻群体再生力主要与株高、穗长、再生有效穗、再生单株产量呈极显著正相关,而栽培稻种质资源再生力则与抽穗历期、株高、穗长、再生有效穗、再生单株产量及总单株产量呈极显著正相关,这些结果为后续再生力遗传解析与亲本选配提供了重要依据。两个群体再生力与有效穗均呈极显著负相关,与林强等[9]、谭震波等[22]、杨川航等[23]研究结果一致。任天举等[24]研究发现大穗及大穗大粒型品种有助于头季与再生稻同步增产,林文雄等[25]指出头季稻有效穗数是影响再生力的主要因素,筛选或培育头季分蘖力适中、再生能力突出的重穗型杂交稻品种,是有效兼顾双季丰产的重要途径。两个群体的再生力与结实率均呈显著或极显著负相关,推测是因为结实率高低可能改变茎秆基部碳水化合物的积累而影响再生力[8, 26]。由于再生力相关性状互作明显,因此,在再生优异种质资源筛选中,要兼顾头季和再生季各性状协调,才能获得综合性状优异的强再生力品种。
水稻再生力属于多性状协同调控的复杂数量性状,环境的影响作用明显,基因型与环境互作效应是重要影响因素。为克服单一评价指标存在的片面性与局限性,本研究结合主成分分析、隶属函数法及方差贡献率加权赋值等多重统计手段,构建一套水稻再生力综合评价指标。对14个表型开展标准化处理与主成分筛选,共提取5个特征值大于1的主成分,其累计贡献率达75.15%,可有效涵盖并代表原始性状的绝大部分遗传信息,进一步采用隶属函数法消除各指标量纲差异,结合主成分贡献率确立权重系数,构建再生力综合评价指标D值,依托D值实现了种质再生力强弱的定量化客观评价。不同类型种质的D值整体呈正态分布,符合数量性状遗传特征;其中外引种综合表现最优,野生稻群体整体均值偏低但存在优异代换株系。对D值排名前25优异种质的性状关联验证表明,本评价指标稳定性强、准确度高。该类综合评价方法已在水稻农艺性状[27]、耐盐[21, 28]、耐冷[29]、耐热[30]、品质[31]鉴定中广泛应用且效果显著,可为再生稻种质资源大规模精准筛选与优异亲本精准鉴定提供标准化、可推广的技术方案。
本研究表明,各类稻种资源再生力综合评价水平存在极显著差异,种质间遗传分化明显,为后续育种研究提供了丰富材料基础。尽管野生稻群体D值均值、中位数等指标均明显低于其余材料,整体再生力表现偏弱,但群体变异系数达15.24%,且偏尖峰分布特征,内部遗传变异充足、离散程度适中,具备QTL定位、单片段效应解析和候选区段挖掘的条件,且本研究成功筛选出A0792这一优异野生稻材料,提示野生稻染色体片段代换系中可能蕴藏着可利用的强再生力等位变异,为后续再生稻强再生特性相关基因的挖掘及分子育种提供了宝贵的种质资源和理论依据。外引种D值整体最高,再生力综合优势突出,可能是遗传背景多样性与生态适应性的协同结果,其来源于不同生态地理区域,经长期自然选择与人工定向驯化,基因组中聚合了不同生态型的优良等位基因,有效协调了茎秆营养转运效率、腋芽萌发潜力等再生相关性状的互作关系,保留了对各类环境因子的高度适应性,因此再生力综合评价更好;外引种与地方品种、野生稻群体存在显著遗传距离,能够有效拓宽杂交后代群体的遗传多样性,丰富其遗传基础,作为亲本杂交时易产生显性或超显性效应,配合力突出,可为培育强再生稻品种提供有利基因来源[32-33]。改良种、地方品种等种质资源D值整体居中,再生力表现处于中等水平。研究筛选出D值前25名的优异种质,关键农艺性状均优于群体均值,其中外引种质IR 83142-60、IRRI 186,改良种双恢选26、籼粳恢6,地方品种白壳五号以及野生稻群体A0792等均可直接作为强再生力核心亲本用于育种利用。此外,野生稻群体结合D值与2年表型数据,可开展再生力相关QTL定位,挖掘主效再生力基因,深度解析再生力差异分子机制,为水稻分子设计育种提供理论与基因支撑,助力我国再生稻产业高质量发展。
本研究聚焦不同类型稻种资源精准鉴定工作,开展了为期2年的再生力鉴定及农艺性状分析工作。通过考察并分析14项关键表型性状,采用主成分分析、隶属函数法与权重赋值多重统计分析,构建再生力综合评价指标,实现水稻种质再生力的精准量化评价,该指标可为再生稻种质资源大规模、高通量精准鉴定评价提供有效方案。依托该方法筛选获得D值排名前25的强再生力优异种质,性状表现稳定、再生优势突出,可直接作为核心育种亲本投入后续育种实践。此外,野生稻群体总体再生力偏弱,但具备优异的再生力遗传变异,是再生力关键基因挖掘、功能解析的重要供体材料;栽培稻种质资源,特别是外引种质,则更适合高产性状与强再生力的协同改良,能够兼顾产量与再生特性双向提升。本研究明确了不同类型水稻种质资源再生力差异,建立了可量化应用的再生力综合评价指标,为再生稻优异种质筛选、亲本选配与再生力基因挖掘提供了材料基础和理论参考。

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doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260406001
  • 接收时间:2026-04-06
  • 首发时间:2026-09-30
  • 出版时间:2026-07-16
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    1福建省农业科学院水稻研究所/福建省稻种质资源库,福州 350018
    2广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所,南宁 530007

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江川,研究方向为水稻种质资源,E-mail:
蔡巨广,研究方向为水稻遗传育种,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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