Article(id=1319334517056323725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, issueId=1319334515705754160, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11983/CBB24182, pmid=null, cstr=32102.14.CBB24182, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1732723200000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1739030400000, acceptedDateStr=2025-02-09, onlineDate=1792483460915, onlineDateStr=2026-10-20, pubDate=1746806400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792483460915, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792483460915, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792483460915, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1319334515705754160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, year='2025', volume='60', issue='3', pageStart='315', pageEnd='482', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1746806400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792483460594, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792483678409, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1319335429350994324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, issueId=1319334515705754160, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1319335429355188629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, issueId=1319334515705754160, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=354, endPage=362, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1319334517253456014, articleId=1319334517056323725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, language=EN, title=Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Wheat Growth and Development in the Saline-alkali Land, columnId=1317485691135706105, journalTitle=Chinese Bulletin of Botany, columnName=RESEARCH ARTICLES, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

INTRODUCTION:Plant growth regulators are natural or artificially synthesized chemical substances that play an important regulatory role in the growth and development of crops, and can enhance the resistance of plants to stress.

RATIONALE To study the effects of different plant growth regulators on the growth and development of wheat under salt-alkali stress, and to explore methods to increase crop yield in saline-alkali land, we conducted spraying experiments on wheat in saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone from 2023 to 2024. The experiment was divided into four groups: a distilled water control group, a 0.5% alginate aligosaccharide group, a Plant Gold group, and a mixed group of 0.5% alginate aligosaccharide and Plant Gold. The wheat was sprayed on March 28, April 12, April 28, and May 12, 2024.

RESULTS: The results showed that after spraying alginate oligosaccharide and its mixture with Plant Gold, the number of grains per ear and the 100-grain weight of wheat significantly increased. In particular, the group that received the mixture of alginate oligosaccharide and Plant Gold achieved a theoretical yield of 1 174.5 kg·hm-2 for wheat in saline-alkali soil, which was an increase of 14.4% and 46.9% compared to the groups treated with only alginate oligosaccharide and Plant Gold, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Therefore, the combined application of alginate oligosaccharide and Plant Gold can significantly enhance the adaptability of wheat in saline-alkali land, demonstrating its important application potential in wheat production in such environments.

After selecting 1 m × 1 m sample plots within the experimental block and conducting spray tests with different plant growth regulators, the theoretical yields of different groups showed different changes. Among them, the yield of the mixed spray group was significantly higher than that of the control group.

, authors=Xu Tingyang1, 2, Liu Yuchen2, Wang Wanpeng2, Su Hang2, Su Kunlong2, Wu Zhenying2, Lϋ Ming2, Li Fuli2, Wang Xiaoshan1, *, Fu Chunxiang2, *, authorsList=Xu Tingyang, Liu Yuchen, Wang Wanpeng, Su Hang, Su Kunlong, Wu Zhenying, Lϋ Ming, Li Fuli, Wang Xiaoshan, Fu Chunxiang, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wang Xiaoshan, Fu Chunxiang, authorNote=

†These authors contributed equally to this paper

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*E-mail: ;
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†共同第一作者

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(in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1319334537600024855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=4, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=42, authorNames=许猛, journalName=复合氨基酸制剂对小白菜和棉花抗逆性的影响. 硕士论文, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许猛 (2018). 复合氨基酸制剂对小白菜和棉花抗逆性的影响. 硕士论文. 北京: 中国农业科学院. pp. 4-7., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1319334537671328024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=14, issue=null, pageStart=6283, pageEnd=6291, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=43, authorNames=Zhang XY, Zhou JK, Li ZM, Qin YM, Yu RT, Zhang HW, Zheng YH, Zhu JW, Zhang DM, Fu L, journalName=Int J Electrochem Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang XY, Zhou JK, Li ZM, Qin YM, Yu RT, Zhang HW, Zheng YH, Zhu JW, Zhang DM, Fu L (2019). 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Control: Distilled water; AO: 0.5% alginate oligosaccharide treatment; PG: 1:1000 diluted Plant Gold treatment; Mixture: 0.5% alginate oligosaccharide mixed with 1:1000 diluted Plant Gold. Bars=10 cm

, figureFileSmall=B0S+H/QkWBhu+QJcehPSzA==, figureFileBig=ax8k6u4/Vf6ut9DjhmzzMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334527533695202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=CN, label=图1, caption=植物生长调节剂处理对盐碱地小麦表型的影响

Control: 蒸馏水(对照); AO: 0.5%褐藻寡糖处理; PG: 1:1000稀释植物黄金处理; Mixture: 0.5%褐藻寡糖与1:1000稀释植物黄金混合处理。Bars=10 cm

, figureFileSmall=B0S+H/QkWBhu+QJcehPSzA==, figureFileBig=ax8k6u4/Vf6ut9DjhmzzMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334528066371811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Effects of plant growth regulators on physiologically and traits related indicators of wheat grown in the saline-alkali land

(A) Plant height; (B) Number of ears; (C) Number of grains per ear; (D) 100-grain weight. Values are means±SE (n=3) of 3 sample plots (1 m × 1 m per plot). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (one-way ANOVA, LSD test, P<0.05). Control, AO, PG, and Mixture are the same as shown in Figure 1.

, figureFileSmall=ciDFMXIo6eeddggIVzU6/g==, figureFileBig=FC5acq+a+rYxTz26UPBMFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334528791986404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=CN, label=图2, caption=植物生长调节剂处理对盐碱地小麦生理与性状相关指标的影响

(A) 株高; (B) 穗数; (C) 穗粒数; (D) 百粒重。数据为3个小区(每区1 m × 1 m)试验结果的平均值±标准误(n=3)。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(单因素方差分析, LSD检验, P<0.05)。Control、AO、PG和Mixture同图1。

, figureFileSmall=ciDFMXIo6eeddggIVzU6/g==, figureFileBig=FC5acq+a+rYxTz26UPBMFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334529211416805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Morphological characterization of wheat grains grown in the saline-alkali land after treatment with plant grow- th regulators

Control, AO, PG, and Mixture are the same as shown in Figure 1. Bars=1 cm

, figureFileSmall=41EWsIAYy1hj2MVtaKeC4Q==, figureFileBig=NHmPzmIuJzFx3uoKXR2YLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334530700394726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同植物生长调节剂喷施处理的盐碱地小麦籽粒表型

Control、AO、PG和Mixture同图1。Bars=1 cm

, figureFileSmall=41EWsIAYy1hj2MVtaKeC4Q==, figureFileBig=NHmPzmIuJzFx3uoKXR2YLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334530977218791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Effects of theoretical yield per unit area of wheat grown in the saline-alkali land after treatment with plant grow- th regulators

Values are means±SE (n=3) of 3 sample plots (1 m × 1 m per plot). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (one-way ANOVA, LSD test, P< 0.05). Control, AO, PG, and Mixture are the same as shown in Figure 1.

, figureFileSmall=kMTHun69N/bOafg/dcUUTQ==, figureFileBig=JKrGf398lNVkmTWYbxUQvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334531061104872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=CN, label=图4, caption=植物生长调节剂喷施处理对盐碱地小麦单位面积内理论产量的影响

数据为3个小区(每区1 m × 1 m)试验结果的平均值±标准误(n=3)。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(单因素方差分析, LSD检验, P<0.05)。Control、AO、PG和Mixture同图1。

, figureFileSmall=kMTHun69N/bOafg/dcUUTQ==, figureFileBig=JKrGf398lNVkmTWYbxUQvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334531144990953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Effects of plant growth regulators on nutrition facts of wheat grains grown in the saline-alkali land

(A) Starch content; (B) Fat content; (C) Protein content. Values are means±SE (n=3) of 3 sample plots (1 m × 1 m per plot). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (one-way ANOVA, LSD test, P<0.05). Control, AO, PG, and Mixture are the same as shown in Figure 1.

, figureFileSmall=2mU5V//RFwTele//DL9FnA==, figureFileBig=gj3EkinrRmWfrxu8p0kHIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1319334531337928938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781310003478668, articleId=1319334517056323725, language=CN, label=图5, caption=植物生长调节剂喷施处理对盐碱地小麦籽粒营养成分的影响

(A) 淀粉含量; (B) 脂肪含量; (C) 蛋白质含量。数据为3个小区(每区1 m × 1 m)试验结果的平均值±标准误(n=3)。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(单因素方差分析, LSD检验, P<0.05)。Control、AO、PG和Mixture同图1。

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喷施不同植物生长调节剂对盐碱地小麦生长发育的影响
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许庭旸 1, 2, † , 刘雨辰 2, † , 王万鹏 2 , 苏航 2 , 苏昆龙 2 , 吴振映 2 , 吕明 2 , 李福利 2 , 王小山 1, * , 付春祥 2, *
植物学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(3): 354-362
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植物学报 |研究论文 2025 , 60 (3) : 354 -362
喷施不同植物生长调节剂对盐碱地小麦生长发育的影响
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许庭旸1, 2, †, 刘雨辰2, †, 王万鹏2, 苏航2, 苏昆龙2, 吴振映2, 吕明2, 李福利2, 王小山1, * , 付春祥2, *
作者信息
  • 1扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225100
  • 2中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所, 山东能源研究院, 青岛新能源山东省实验室, 青岛 266101
通讯作者:
作者简介:

†共同第一作者

Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Wheat Growth and Development in the Saline-alkali Land
Xu Tingyang1, 2, Liu Yuchen2, Wang Wanpeng2, Su Hang2, Su Kunlong2, Wu Zhenying2, Lϋ Ming2, Li Fuli2, Wang Xiaoshan1, * , Fu Chunxiang2, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225100, China
  • 2Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Shandong Energy Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
  • Corresponding Author:
出版时间: 2025-05-10 doi: 10.11983/CBB24182
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植物生长调节剂是天然或人工合成的化学物质, 它们不仅对作物的生长发育具有重要调节作用, 还能提高植物的抗逆性。为研究不同植物生长调节剂对盐碱胁迫下小麦(Triticum aestivum)生长发育的影响, 探索提高盐碱地作物产量的方法, 在2023-2024年间, 于黄河三角洲农业高新技术产业示范区的盐碱地开展小麦喷施试验。试验分为4组, 包括蒸馏水对照组、0.5%褐藻寡糖组、植物黄金组以及0.5%褐藻寡糖与植物黄金的混合喷施组, 分别于2024年3月28日、4月12日、4月28日和5月12日对小麦进行喷施。结果表明, 喷施褐藻寡糖与植物黄金的混合物后, 小麦的穗粒数和百粒重显著增加。特别是混合喷施组, 其盐碱地小麦的产量达每公顷1 174.5 kg, 较单独喷施褐藻寡糖组和植物黄金组分别提高了14.4%和46.9%。综上表明, 褐藻寡糖与植物黄金联合应用能显著提高小麦在盐碱地的适应性, 显示出其在盐碱地小麦生产中的重要应用潜力。
褐藻寡糖  /  氨基酸叶面肥  /  盐碱地  /  小麦  /  产量

INTRODUCTION:Plant growth regulators are natural or artificially synthesized chemical substances that play an important regulatory role in the growth and development of crops, and can enhance the resistance of plants to stress.

RATIONALE To study the effects of different plant growth regulators on the growth and development of wheat under salt-alkali stress, and to explore methods to increase crop yield in saline-alkali land, we conducted spraying experiments on wheat in saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone from 2023 to 2024. The experiment was divided into four groups: a distilled water control group, a 0.5% alginate aligosaccharide group, a Plant Gold group, and a mixed group of 0.5% alginate aligosaccharide and Plant Gold. The wheat was sprayed on March 28, April 12, April 28, and May 12, 2024.

RESULTS: The results showed that after spraying alginate oligosaccharide and its mixture with Plant Gold, the number of grains per ear and the 100-grain weight of wheat significantly increased. In particular, the group that received the mixture of alginate oligosaccharide and Plant Gold achieved a theoretical yield of 1 174.5 kg·hm-2 for wheat in saline-alkali soil, which was an increase of 14.4% and 46.9% compared to the groups treated with only alginate oligosaccharide and Plant Gold, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Therefore, the combined application of alginate oligosaccharide and Plant Gold can significantly enhance the adaptability of wheat in saline-alkali land, demonstrating its important application potential in wheat production in such environments.

After selecting 1 m × 1 m sample plots within the experimental block and conducting spray tests with different plant growth regulators, the theoretical yields of different groups showed different changes. Among them, the yield of the mixed spray group was significantly higher than that of the control group.

alginate oligosaccharides  /  amino acid foliar fertilizer  /  saline-alkali land  /  wheat  /  yield
许庭旸, 刘雨辰, 王万鹏, 苏航, 苏昆龙, 吴振映, 吕明, 李福利, 王小山, 付春祥. 喷施不同植物生长调节剂对盐碱地小麦生长发育的影响. 植物学报, 2025 , 60 (3) : 354 -362 . DOI: 10.11983/CBB24182
Xu Tingyang, Liu Yuchen, Wang Wanpeng, Su Hang, Su Kunlong, Wu Zhenying, Lϋ Ming, Li Fuli, Wang Xiaoshan, Fu Chunxiang. Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Wheat Growth and Development in the Saline-alkali Land[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2025 , 60 (3) : 354 -362 . DOI: 10.11983/CBB24182
在全球粮食安全面临诸多挑战的背景下, 提高作物产量和适应性成为农业科学研究的重要方向。小麦(Triticum aestivum)作为世界上最重要的粮食作物之一(党毅和陈虎彪, 2014), 其生产对于满足全球人口的粮食需求具有举足轻重的作用。山东省作为中国重要的农业大省, 其小麦产量在全国占有重要地位, 2024年山东省小麦产量达2.716 5×107 t, 位居全国第二。然而, 随着气候变化和土地资源日益紧张, 盐碱地面积不断扩大, 严重限制了小麦种植(马丽娜, 2020)。山东省现有盐碱地近1.8×106 hm2, 其中黄河三角洲地区近1.4×106 hm2。黄河三角洲地区的盐碱地具有独特的地理和气候特征, 如蒸发量大、地下水位高以及海水浸染。此外, 该地区重灌轻排以及重种轻养的农业生产方式, 与自然因素共同作用, 导致土壤盐碱化程度加剧(王遵亲, 1993; 解磊, 2024)。因此, 探索有效方法提高小麦在黄河三角洲盐碱地的生长表现, 对于保障粮食安全和促进农业可持续发展具有重要意义。
植物生长调节剂是一类能够调节植物生长发育过程的化学物质, 其通过模拟或干扰植物内源激素的作用机制, 调控植物生长发育以及逆境适应能力(人民教育出版社, 2020; 李浩天等, 2024)。近年来, 植物生长调节剂在提升作物抗逆性方面的研究逐渐受到重视。研究表明, 植物生长调节剂通过调控植物体内的抗氧化酶系统、渗透物质的积累和激素水平, 提高植物对盐碱胁迫的耐受性。例如, 外源施用生长素类调节剂可以显著促进小麦根系的生长发育, 增强其对水分和养分的吸收能力, 从而减轻盐碱胁迫对小麦生长的不利影响(韩锐锋等, 2024), 进而增加产量, 提高小麦的分蘖率(刘银萍和阮赞誉, 2024)。褐藻寡糖作为一种新型的寡糖类植物生长调节剂, 兼具促进植物生长和增强抗逆性的双重功能(纪明候, 1997; Zhang et al., 2019)。研究表明, 褐藻寡糖能诱导植物体内产生多种抗性物质, 以缓解逆境胁迫对植物造成的损伤(胡静等, 2024)。此外, 褐藻寡糖还具备促进植物根系发育和提升营养吸收效率的作用(王恒等, 2023)。植物黄金是由氨基酸构成的植物生长调节剂, 在农业生产中被广泛应用, 不仅能促进作物生长发育, 还能提高其抗逆性和产量。研究表明, 喷施氨基酸叶面肥可显著提高白菜(Brassica rapa var. chinensis)在盐碱、低温、高温、干旱和重金属等逆境条件下的抗性, 有效缓解植物受到的胁迫(许猛, 2018)。这些特性使得植物黄金在黄河三角洲盐碱地小麦的种植生产中展现出潜在优势。然而, 目前尚未见相关文献详细阐述褐藻寡糖和植物黄金在黄河三角洲盐碱地小麦生产中的具体作用, 如何科学合理地施用这2种植物生长调节剂以实现小麦增产, 仍是一个亟待深入探讨的问题。
本研究旨在探讨褐藻寡糖和植物黄金作为植物生长调节剂对小麦在黄河三角洲盐碱地生长的影响, 以期为小麦盐碱地改良和种植提供科学依据和技术支持。通过分析小麦的株型、产量和营养成分等指标, 评估植物生长调节剂提高小麦对盐碱地的适应性和增产效果, 为小麦及其它重要作物在盐碱地的规模化种植与生产提供科学依据。
试验材料为山东省引种的小麦品种观35 (Triticum aestivum L. cv. ‘guan 35')。该品种为半冬性中早熟品种, 适合于东营地区种植, 其抗倒伏和抗寒性较强, 适应山东的气候条件, 具有良好的研究与应用价值。
试验药剂包括褐藻寡糖(由潍坊麦卡阿吉生物科技有限公司提供)和植物黄金(购自山东郓城县宏达生物化工有限公司)。
试验地土壤的pH值为8.06, 土壤含盐量为0.246%, 土壤总氮含量为1.54 g·kg-1, 有效磷50.67 mg·kg-1, 速效钾含量为450.07 mg·kg-1, 土壤有机质含量为16.29 g·kg-1。在小麦种植周期内(2023年11月-2024年6月), 试验区块的总降水量为122.0 mm。于2023年11月18日播种, 每公顷播种量为450 kg (每亩30 kg), 行间距15 cm, 苗带宽度8-10 cm。播种前对试验区块进行10 cm翻耕, 每公顷施用750 kg氮磷钾复合肥(N:P2O5: K2O=15:15:15) (每亩50 kg)。4月17日进行追肥, 每公顷施用尿素375 kg (每亩25 kg)。小麦全生育期仅于5月20日进行1次灌溉, 每公顷用水750-900 m3 (每亩50-60 m3)。6月19日收获试验区块中所有的小麦进行指标测定。
试验设置4个处理: 对照喷施蒸馏水、喷施0.5%褐藻寡糖、喷施植物黄金和混合喷施(0.5%褐藻寡糖+植物黄金)。采用单因素随机区组设计, 每处理取3个区块, 每区块为1 m × 1 m的正方形。试验区地势较为平坦, 地力相近, 土壤肥料与田间管理水平一致。
对照组: 取3 L蒸馏水放入喷壶待用。0.5%褐藻寡糖溶液: 取3 L蒸馏水, 称取1.5 g褐藻寡糖粉末加入蒸馏水中, 充分搅拌至所有固体粉末溶于水后放入喷壶待用。植物黄金溶液: 取3 L蒸馏水, 用移液枪取3 mL植物黄金液加入蒸馏水中, 充分混匀后放入喷壶中待用。混合溶液: 取3 L蒸馏水, 称取1.5 g褐藻寡糖粉末加入蒸馏水中, 充分搅拌至所有固体粉末溶于水后, 再用移液枪取3 mL植物黄金液加入溶液中, 充分混匀后放入喷壶待用。
叶面喷施处理: 在小麦发育至起身期后, 选择晴朗无雨的白天对小麦叶面喷施试验所需的植物生长调节剂, 至叶片表面湿润微带露珠。首次喷施于2024年3月28日, 之后分别于4月12日、4月28日、5月12日进行喷施, 共计喷施4次。最后1次喷施于小麦齐穗期, 每个区块喷施1 L溶液。
小麦收获后, 每个小区随机选取40株小麦作为样本, 测量麦穗最高处到根部长度, 计算样本的平均值作为该小区的株高。
小麦收获后, 测定每个小区的小麦穗数。每个小区随机选取40穗小麦作为样本, 测定其穗粒数, 计算样本平均值作为该小区的穗粒数。
以每个区块中随机选取的100株小麦作为样本, 65ºC过夜烘干后脱粒。采用精密天平测定其百粒重, 计算样本平均值作为小麦百粒重。
小麦产量由理论产量公式进行计算: 理论产量=成穗数×穗粒数×小麦粒重×0.85, 然后折算为亩产量。其中, 0.85为冬小麦的测产系数。
每个小区取20 g小麦籽粒作为样本, 使用双波长比色法(Shao et al., 2022)测定小麦的支链淀粉和直链淀粉含量, 将支链淀粉和直链淀粉含量之和作为小麦籽粒淀粉含量。
按照《GB 5009.6-2016 食品安全国家标准 食品中脂肪的测定》测定小麦脂肪含量(王华顺等, 2025)。
按照《GB 5009.5-2016 食品安全国家标准 食品中蛋白质的测定》, 利用燃烧法测定小麦籽粒氮元素含量, 使用全小麦粉折算系数5.83计算小麦籽粒蛋白质含量。
用Microsoft Excel 2010进行数据统计, 测定结果用3个小区样品测量值的平均值表示。采用SPSS 22软件进行方差分析(LSD法, 显著性水平设定为P<0.05)。
小麦株高表型观察及测量结果表明, 不同植物生长调节剂对盐碱地小麦的株高均有促进作用, 其株高表现为褐藻寡糖喷施(55.83 cm)>混合喷施(52.39 cm)>植物黄金喷施(50.48 cm)>蒸馏水喷施(46.59 cm) (图1, 图2A)。其中, 相比喷施蒸馏水, 喷施褐藻寡糖的小麦株高显著提升(提高了19.82%), 喷施植物黄金与混合喷施的小麦株高也呈上升趋势, 但相比喷施蒸馏水的小麦株高无显著差异。
对不同植物生长调节剂喷施处理的盐碱地小麦穗数以及穗粒数进行测定, 结果表明, 褐藻寡糖组、植物黄金组和混合喷施组的小麦穗数均呈下降趋势, 但各处理组间差异未达到统计学显著水平(图2B)。小麦穗粒数测定结果表明, 喷施不同植物生长调节剂可增加小麦的每穗粒数, 其中褐藻寡糖喷施组和混合喷施组的穗粒数比蒸馏水喷施组分别提高了56.8%和65.0%, 植物黄金喷施组穗粒数仅增加24.4% (图2C)。
对盐碱地小麦百粒重进行测定, 发现不同植物生长调节剂喷施处理下百粒重均有提升。其中, 喷施褐藻寡糖组与混合喷施组的盐碱地小麦百粒重相比喷施蒸馏水组显著增高, 分别提高了16.8%和21.7%, 而喷施植物黄金组的小麦百粒重与喷施蒸馏水组相比略有提升(图2D)。喷施植物生长调节剂组的小麦相比对照组麦粒更加饱满, 粒长更长(图3)。
各处理区的小麦产量测定结果表明, 与对照组相比, 不同植物生长调节剂喷施处理均能提高盐碱地小麦的产量, 混合喷施处理的增产效果最好, 产量可达每公顷1 174.5 kg, 较单独喷施褐藻寡糖组和单独喷施植物黄金组分别提高了14.4%和46.9% (图4)。
盐碱地小麦籽粒营养成分测定结果表明, 喷施植物黄金的盐碱地小麦籽粒淀粉含量呈上升趋势, 喷施褐藻寡糖与混合溶液的呈下降趋势, 但相对于喷施蒸馏水组, 其淀粉含量无显著差异(图5A)。各处理组小麦的粗脂肪含量在2.11%-2.32%之间, 喷施不同植物生长调节剂对盐碱地小麦的脂肪含量无显著影响(图5B)。褐藻寡糖、植物黄金和混合溶液喷施处理后小麦籽粒蛋白质含量呈现一定的上升趋势, 混合喷施的小麦籽粒蛋白质含量达10.85%, 但与蒸馏水对照组相比无显著差异(图5C)。
土壤盐碱化严重影响作物生长和农业生产。盐碱胁迫导致的离子毒害使得大部分作物生长困难, 难以获得营养, 从而导致减产, 严重时甚至绝收(唐开婷等, 2018)。因此, 解决盐碱地作物生长问题是农业生产中极为重要的任务。本研究通过对不同植物生长调节剂喷施处理的盐碱地小麦进行一系列生理、产量和营养成分指标测定, 探究其对小麦生长和产量的影响, 旨在为开展小麦等重要作物在盐碱地种植与改良提供指导。
褐藻寡糖是一种高活性的海藻提取物, 在农业生产领域受到广泛关注, 具有显著的增产、提质和抗逆等功效(孙晨晨, 2024)。王恒等(2023)研究表明, 喷施褐藻寡糖可以促进茶树(Camellia sinensis)在干旱胁迫下的生长。胡静等(2024)研究表明, 褐藻寡糖在一定程度上可以显著促进小麦苗期生长、改善土壤营养结构, 并提高根际细菌群落的多样性与丰富度。以上研究均表明褐藻寡糖在一定程度上可以提高作物在盐碱地上的适应性, 改善其生长状况。本研究表明, 喷施褐藻寡糖能显著提高盐碱地小麦的株高、穗粒数与百粒重, 最终使产量提升。植物黄金作为一种含有氨基酸活性因子和其它营养元素的新型肥料, 可为植株提供氨基酸养分, 提高植物体内酶的活性、光合作用效率和抗逆性(张志辉, 2018)。王子钰和路运才(2024)研究表明, 喷施氨基酸叶面肥可以促进玉米(Zea mays)生长, 缓解低温胁迫对玉米造成的伤害。喷施氨基酸叶面肥也可以提高作物产量。瞿晓苍等(2024)研究表明, 喷施氨基酸叶面肥可以显著提高白菜产量, 实现增产。刘雪梅(2019)研究表明, 在小麦扬花期喷施氨基酸叶面肥可以提高小麦的穗粒数和千粒重, 对穗数影响不大。李佳钊(2019)研究表明, 氨基酸肥料可以提高作物后期的结实率和灌浆强度, 进而提高小麦产量。特别是在干旱条件下, 作物可以通过叶片迅速吸收养分, 比从根系吸收更加直接。本研究也发现植物黄金对盐碱胁迫下小麦生长具有一定的促进作用, 但单独施用并未使小麦株高、穗粒数和百粒重显著提高。
通过研究不同植物生长调节剂与叶面肥组合喷施对小麦的影响, 发现不同组合的增产效果和增收程度不同(刘银萍和阮赞誉, 2024)。本研究中, 褐藻寡糖和植物黄金混合处理显著提高了盐碱地小麦的产量。在对盐碱地小麦穗粒数与百粒重提升方面, 混合处理组的表现与单独喷施褐藻寡糖类似, 而对株高的影响上, 混合处理组的表现与单独喷施植物黄金组相近。综合两方面因素, 最终达到增产效果。小麦籽粒的营养成分分析结果表明, 植物生长调节剂喷施处理未对盐碱地小麦籽粒淀粉、脂肪与蛋白质这3种主要营养成分造成显著影响, 这可能与喷施时间远早于小麦籽粒形成期有关。虽然喷施不同植物生长调节剂并未使小麦籽粒蛋白质等营养元素发生显著变化, 但其在粒重与产量增加的情况下可以维持小麦内部品质稳定, 这也是实现高产保优协同的一种有效技术手段(李新宇等, 2025)。褐藻寡糖与植物黄金对盐碱地作物生长和生产影响的研究还处于起步阶段, 其调控植物生长发育的机制尚不明确, 有待今后深入探索。
综上所述, 喷施褐藻寡糖降低了盐碱胁迫对小麦生长造成的伤害, 显著增加了在盐碱地上生长的小麦株高、穗粒数和百粒重。喷施植物黄金对上述性状无显著影响。喷施褐藻寡糖与植物黄金的混合物显著提高了盐碱地小麦产量, 使其达到每公顷1 174.5 kg, 较单独喷施褐藻寡糖组和喷施植物黄金组分别提高了14.4%和46.9%。褐藻寡糖、植物黄金以及混合喷施均对小麦籽粒的淀粉、脂肪与蛋白质等营养成分的含量无显著影响。本研究表明, 褐藻寡糖及其与植物黄金混合喷施处理对盐碱地小麦种植与增产具有巨大的应用潜力。
许庭旸: 设计并完成试验, 数据和结果分析, 撰写论文初稿; 刘雨辰: 参与试验设计、指标测定、结果分析及文章修改; 王万鹏和吴振映: 参与试验设计, 协助完成材料准备; 苏昆龙: 提供作物材料; 苏航、李福利和吕明: 提供褐藻寡糖材料; 王小山和付春祥: 研究构思及项目负责人, 指导试验设计、数据分析、论文写作与修改以及提供资金与技术支持。全体作者均阅读并同意论文的出版版本。
感谢潍坊麦卡阿吉生物科技有限公司公衍军提供褐藻寡糖材料, 并在使用过程中给予全面指导。
  • 中央引导地方科技发展资金(2022ZY006)
  • 青岛新能源山东实验室“抓攻关”项目(QNESLKPP202302)
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2025年第60卷第3期
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doi: 10.11983/CBB24182
  • 接收时间:2024-11-28
  • 首发时间:2026-10-20
  • 出版时间:2025-05-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-28
  • 录用日期:2025-02-09
基金
中央引导地方科技发展资金(2022ZY006)
青岛新能源山东实验室“抓攻关”项目(QNESLKPP202302)
作者信息
    1扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225100
    2中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所, 山东能源研究院, 青岛新能源山东省实验室, 青岛 266101

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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