Article(id=1266470740061733697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, issueId=1266470523241382909, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025111, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1753977600000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1779879754318, onlineDateStr=2026-05-27, pubDate=1777478400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1779879754318, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-05-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1779879754318, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1779879754318, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1266470523241382909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, year='2026', volume='53', issue='2', pageStart='301', pageEnd='586', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1779879702622, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1779879723857, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1266470612705890690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, issueId=1266470523241382909, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1266470612705890691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, issueId=1266470523241382909, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=467, endPage=476, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1266470742217605955, articleId=1266470740061733697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, language=EN, title=Ultrastructure of sensilla in different organs of female oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis, columnId=1266470561661206635, journalTitle=Journal of Plant Protection, columnName=Research reports, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To clarify the types, distribution, and morphological characteristics of peripheral sensilla in female oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis, scanning electron microscopy was used to examine sensilla on the antennae (funiculus), maxillary palps, proboscis, legs, wings, and ovipositor. The results revealed that five types of sensilla were mainly distributed across six organs: microtrichia, sensilla trichoid, sensilla basiconica, sensilla coeloconica, and sensilla chaetica. Microtrichia were distributed on the antennae, maxillary palps, proboscis, legs, and wings. Notably, three subtypes (I-III) were observed on the legs, and those on the wings were longer than those on the antennae, maxillary palps, and proboscis. Sensilla trichoid were distributed on the antennae, proboscis, and ovipositor, with distinct morphological differences between those on the antennae and those on the other two organs. Sensilla basiconica were found on the antennae, maxillary palps, and proboscis. Two subtypes (I and II) were present on the antennae and three subtypes (I-III) on the proboscis. Pores were observed on the surface of sensilla basiconica on the antennae and maxillary palps, but not on the proboscis. Sensilla coeloconica were located on the antennae and ovipositor, with two subtypes (I and II) on the ovipositor, among which subtype I exhibited a symmetrical distribution. Sensilla chaetica were distributed on the maxillary palps, proboscis, legs, wings, and ovipositor, displaying similar morphology across organs, with three subtypes (I-III) identified on the legs. These results indicate that sensilla on different external organs of B. dorsalis differ in their distribution, type, and morphology, suggesting that these sensilla may perform distinct biological functions.

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为明确橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis雌成虫外周感受器的种类、分布和形态结构,采用扫描电子显微镜观察触角(鞭节)、下颚须、喙、足、翅及产卵器上的感受器种类和形状。结果显示:橘小实蝇雌成虫6种器官上主要分布有5种类型感受器,分别为微毛型感受器、毛型感受器、锥形感受器、腔锥形感受器和刺型感受器。微毛型感受器分布于触角、下颚须、喙、足和翅上,其中足上有3种亚型(I~III型),翅上微毛型感受器的长度长于触角、下颚须、喙上的微毛型感受器。毛型感受器分布于触角、喙和产卵器上,触角上的毛型感受器形状明显区别于喙和产卵器上的毛型感受器。锥形感受器分布于触角、下颚须和喙上,其中触角和喙上分别有2种(I型和II型)和3种亚型(I~III型);仅触角和下颚须上的锥形感受器表面分布有小孔。腔锥形感受器分布于触角和产卵器上,产卵器上有2种亚型(I型和II型),其中I型呈对称分布。刺型感受器分布于下颚须、喙、足、翅和产卵器上,形状相似,足上有3种亚型(I~III型)。表明橘小实蝇不同外部器官上的感受器在分布、种类和形态上存在差异,暗示这些感受器可能在不同的生物学功能中发挥作用。

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Genomes of the cosmopolitan fruit pest Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) reveal its global invasion history and thermal adaptation. Journal of Advanced Research, 53: 61-74, articleTitle=Genomes of the cosmopolitan fruit pest Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) reveal its global invasion history and thermal adaptation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746490996277545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=15, issue=null, pageStart=823563, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=68, authorNames=Zhang Y, Zhang YJ, Guo D, Wang LX, Niu CD, Wu SF, Zhang YV, Gao CF, journalName=Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y, Zhang YJ, Guo D, Wang LX, Niu CD, Wu SF, Zhang YV, Gao CF. 2022. Function of transient receptor potential-like channel in insect egg laying. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 15: 823563, articleTitle=Function of transient receptor potential-like channel in insect egg laying, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746491088552234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=543, pageEnd=554, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=69, authorNames=Zhou RD, Gui LY, Liu MK, He ZZ, Yang X, Hua DK, Liu WR, Jiang ZY, Tang JT, Sun KL, journalName=Journal of Environmental Entomology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou RD, Gui LY, Liu MK, He ZZ, Yang X, Hua DK, Liu WR, Jiang ZY, Tang JT, Sun KL. 2023. Ultrastructural observation of ovipositor of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Environmental Entomology, 45(2): 543-554 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746491252130091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=543, pageEnd=554, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=70, authorNames=周仁迪, 桂连友, 刘梅柯, 何章章, 杨璇, 华登科, 刘文茹, 姜振宇, 汤建涛, 孙康林, journalName=环境昆虫学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周仁迪, 桂连友, 刘梅柯, 何章章, 杨璇, 华登科, 刘文茹, 姜振宇, 汤建涛, 孙康林. 2023. 柑橘大实蝇产卵器的超微结构观察(双翅目: 实蝇科). 环境昆虫学报, 45(2): 543-554, articleTitle=柑橘大实蝇产卵器的超微结构观察(双翅目: 实蝇科), refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1266746481265492190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, awardId=2021YFC2600100, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600100), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1266746481575870687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, awardId=32072491, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072491), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1266746481651368160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, awardId=31772233, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772233), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1266746481739448545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, awardId=B18044, language=CN, fundingSource=高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B18044), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1266746482045632738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, awardId=CSTB2024TIAD-KPX0111, language=CN, fundingSource=国家农业农村部产业技术体系岗位科学家项目,重庆市科技局技术创新与应用发展专项(CSTB2024TIAD-KPX0111), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266746468502225051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746468510613660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, companyId=1266746468502225051, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746468519002269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, companyId=1266746468502225051, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.西南大学植物保护学院,昆虫学与害虫控制工程重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400715)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266746468577722526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746468581916831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, companyId=1266746468577722526, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746468590305440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, companyId=1266746468577722526, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.西南大学农业科学研究院,长江上游农业生物安全与绿色生产教育部重点实验室,重庆 400715)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1266746478623080655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Ultrastructure of antennal sensilla in female Bactrocera dorsalis, figureFileSmall=WVRb6zMQg4VIOUf50jz8fg==, figureFileBig=r9CoBLQBJ52YzJVzJ+/IRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746478748909776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=CN, label=图1, caption=橘小实蝇雌成虫触角感受器超微结构

A:触角;B:触角鞭节放大图,分布有微毛型感受器(MI)、毛型感受器(ST)、I型锥形感受器(SB-I)、II型锥形感受器(SB-II)和腔锥形感受器(SCo);C:MI和ST放大图;D:SB-I放大图;E:SB-II放大图;F:SCo放大图。A: Antenna; B: enlarged view of the antennal funiculus, showing microtrichia (MI), sensilla trichodea (ST), sensilla basiconica type I (SB-I), sensilla basiconica type II (SB-II), and sensilla coeloconica (Sco); C: enlarged views of MI and ST; D: enlarged view of the SB-I; E: enlarged view of the SB-II; F: enlarged view of the SCo.

, figureFileSmall=WVRb6zMQg4VIOUf50jz8fg==, figureFileBig=r9CoBLQBJ52YzJVzJ+/IRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746479097037009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Ultrastructure of maxillary palp sensilla in female Bactrocera dorsalis, figureFileSmall=uloHlxWiFUTlDS0oTLHYaw==, figureFileBig=pcnCKRtR+SZM4zCCOxTy3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746479189311698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=CN, label=图2, caption=橘小实蝇雌成虫下颚须感受器超微结构

A:下颚须;B:下颚须放大图,分布有微毛型感受器(MI)、刺型感受器(SCh)和锥形感受器(SB);C:SCh放大图;D:SB放大图。A: Maxillary palp; B: enlarged view of the maxillary palp, showing microtrichia (MI), sensilla chaetica (SCh), and sensilla basiconica (SB); C: enlarged view of SCh; D: enlarged view of SB.

, figureFileSmall=uloHlxWiFUTlDS0oTLHYaw==, figureFileBig=pcnCKRtR+SZM4zCCOxTy3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746479466135763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Ultrastructure of proboscis sensilla in female Bactrocera dorsalis, figureFileSmall=oDPnQbnSYRH+qLfKqHxIQw==, figureFileBig=Jy7i4r9JhI1fOlNFQ/awpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746479575187668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=CN, label=图3, caption=橘小实蝇雌成虫喙感受器超微结构

A:喙;B:喙放大图,分布有毛型感受器(ST)、微毛型感受器(MI)、I型锥形感受器(SB-I)、II型锥形感受器(SB-II)、III型锥形感受器(SB-III)和刺型感受器(SCh);C:ST放大图;D:MI和SB-I放大图;E:SB-II放大图;F:SB-III放大图。A: Proboscis; B: enlarged view of the proboscis, showing sensilla trichodea (ST), microtrichia (MI), sensilla basiconica type I (SB-I), sensilla basiconica type II (SB-II), sensilla basiconica type III (SB-III), and sensilla chaetica (SCh); C: enlarged view of ST; D: enlarged views of MI and SB-I; E: enlarged view of SB-II; F: enlarged view of SB-III.

, figureFileSmall=oDPnQbnSYRH+qLfKqHxIQw==, figureFileBig=Jy7i4r9JhI1fOlNFQ/awpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746479650685141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Ultrastructure of leg sensilla in female Bactrocera dorsalis, figureFileSmall=w7F5dOL+XXM6rVKRQprOFg==, figureFileBig=6Jww9Om2U2aIuQfgs7e+zQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746479893954774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=CN, label=图4, caption=橘小实蝇雌成虫足感受器超微结构

A:前足;B:中足;C:后足;D:I型刺型感受器(SCh-I)和I型微毛型感受器(MI-I);E:II型刺型感受器(SCh-II)、II型微毛型感受器(MI-II)和III型微毛型感受器(MI-III);F:III型刺型感受器(SCh-III)。A: Foreleg; B: midleg; C: hindleg; D: sensilla chaetica type I (SCh-I) and microtrichia type I (MI-I); E: sensilla chaetica type II (SCh-II), microtrichia type II (MI-II), and microtrichia type III (MI-III); F: sensilla chaetica type III (SCh-III).

, figureFileSmall=w7F5dOL+XXM6rVKRQprOFg==, figureFileBig=6Jww9Om2U2aIuQfgs7e+zQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746480011395287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Ultrastructure of wing sensilla in female Bactrocera dorsalis, figureFileSmall=RGTTmm9clr68uezmNWpJtg==, figureFileBig=YCxaX8+t/zejXyUSrk4C6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746480300802264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=CN, label=图5, caption=橘小实蝇雌成虫翅感受器超微结构

A:翅;B:微毛型感受器(MI);C:翅脉上的MI;D:翅前缘上的刺型感受器(SCh);E:翅顶角上的SCh;F:翅外缘上的SCh。A: Wing; B: microtrichia (MI); C: MI on the wing veins; D: sensilla chaetica (SCh) on the costal margin; E: SCh on the wing apex; F: SCh on the outer margin of the wing.

, figureFileSmall=RGTTmm9clr68uezmNWpJtg==, figureFileBig=YCxaX8+t/zejXyUSrk4C6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746480476963034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Ultrastructure of ovipositor sensilla in female Bactrocera dorsalis, figureFileSmall=BDUvJNay7iQtwOFtGo+ERQ==, figureFileBig=j9Cee5VUkBLbv8C7esgQrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746480544071899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=CN, label=图6, caption=橘小实蝇雌成虫产卵器感受器超微结构

A:产卵器;B和C:毛型感受器(ST);D:刺型感受器(SCh)、I型腔锥型感受器(SCo-I)和II型腔锥型感受器(SCo-II);E:SCo-I放大图;F:SCo-II放大图;。A: Ovipositor; B and C: sensilla trichodea (ST); D: sensilla chaetica (SCh), sensilla coeloconica type I (SCo-I) and sensilla coeloconica type II (SCo-II); E: enlarged view of SCo-I; F: enlarged view of SCo-II.

, figureFileSmall=BDUvJNay7iQtwOFtGo+ERQ==, figureFileBig=j9Cee5VUkBLbv8C7esgQrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746480749592796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Morphological characteristics of sensilla in different organs of female Bactrocera dorsalis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

器官

Organ

部位

Segment

感受器类型

Sensillum type

基部直径

Base diameter/µm

基窝直径

Basal socket diameter/µm

长度

Length/µm

触角

Antenna

鞭节

Flagellum

毛型感受器 Sensilla trichodea2.84±0.4922.41±1.91
I型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type I1.73±0.118.27±0.95
II型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type II2.29±0.308.17±0.19
微毛型感受器 Microtrichia6.02±0.9923.37±0.48
腔锥型感受器 Sensilla coeloconica0.67±0.041.71±0.102.49±0.17

下颚须

Maxillary

palp

锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica2.30±0.2410.26±1.00
刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica3.10±0.375.53±0.3649.21±3.59
微毛型感受器 Microtrichia3.29±0.4816.69±2.51

Proboscis

I型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type I3.58±0.474.36±0.3345.77±0.99
II型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type II2.50±0.093.18±0.346.73±0.29
III型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type III3.55±0.254.81±0.5317.48±0.78
微毛型感受器 Microtrichia1.79±0.3211.52±1.63
毛型感受器 Sensilla trichodea0.96±0.1413.30±0.95
刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica4.89±0.306.42±0.6950.16±0.97

Leg

股节 FemurI型刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica type I5.69±1.318.51±1.03139.37±20.64
I型微毛型感受器 Microtrichia sensilla type I1.64±0.3110.50±1.58
胫节 TibiaII型刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica type II4.12±0.945.46±1.0457.25±10.54
II型微毛型感受器 Microtrichia sensilla type II1.38±0.179.10±1.14
III型微毛型感受器 Microtrichia sensilla type III5.99±0.9318.61±1.04
跗节 TarsusIII型刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica type III8.95±1.2911.73±0.4761.46±10.99

Wing

前缘、外缘、顶角

Costal margin,

outer margin, apex

刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica4.60±0.586.23±0.7141.97±6.69
臀前区 Preanal area微毛型感受器 Microtrichia1.87±0.2920.41±2.95

产卵器

Ovipositor

毛型感受器 Sensilla trichodea2.21±0.3273.48±12.74
刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica2.75±0.2225.03±3.18
I型腔锥型感受器 Sensilla coeloconica type I1.94±0.275.28±0.225.87±0.38
II型腔锥型感受器 Sensilla coeloconica type II0.60±0.072.12±0.441.31±0.13
), ArticleFig(id=1266746480896393437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470740061733697, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

橘小实蝇雌成虫不同器官感受器的形态学特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

器官

Organ

部位

Segment

感受器类型

Sensillum type

基部直径

Base diameter/µm

基窝直径

Basal socket diameter/µm

长度

Length/µm

触角

Antenna

鞭节

Flagellum

毛型感受器 Sensilla trichodea2.84±0.4922.41±1.91
I型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type I1.73±0.118.27±0.95
II型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type II2.29±0.308.17±0.19
微毛型感受器 Microtrichia6.02±0.9923.37±0.48
腔锥型感受器 Sensilla coeloconica0.67±0.041.71±0.102.49±0.17

下颚须

Maxillary

palp

锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica2.30±0.2410.26±1.00
刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica3.10±0.375.53±0.3649.21±3.59
微毛型感受器 Microtrichia3.29±0.4816.69±2.51

Proboscis

I型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type I3.58±0.474.36±0.3345.77±0.99
II型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type II2.50±0.093.18±0.346.73±0.29
III型锥形感受器 Sensilla basiconica type III3.55±0.254.81±0.5317.48±0.78
微毛型感受器 Microtrichia1.79±0.3211.52±1.63
毛型感受器 Sensilla trichodea0.96±0.1413.30±0.95
刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica4.89±0.306.42±0.6950.16±0.97

Leg

股节 FemurI型刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica type I5.69±1.318.51±1.03139.37±20.64
I型微毛型感受器 Microtrichia sensilla type I1.64±0.3110.50±1.58
胫节 TibiaII型刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica type II4.12±0.945.46±1.0457.25±10.54
II型微毛型感受器 Microtrichia sensilla type II1.38±0.179.10±1.14
III型微毛型感受器 Microtrichia sensilla type III5.99±0.9318.61±1.04
跗节 TarsusIII型刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica type III8.95±1.2911.73±0.4761.46±10.99

Wing

前缘、外缘、顶角

Costal margin,

outer margin, apex

刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica4.60±0.586.23±0.7141.97±6.69
臀前区 Preanal area微毛型感受器 Microtrichia1.87±0.2920.41±2.95

产卵器

Ovipositor

毛型感受器 Sensilla trichodea2.21±0.3273.48±12.74
刺型感受器 Sensilla chaetica2.75±0.2225.03±3.18
I型腔锥型感受器 Sensilla coeloconica type I1.94±0.275.28±0.225.87±0.38
II型腔锥型感受器 Sensilla coeloconica type II0.60±0.072.12±0.441.31±0.13
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橘小实蝇雌成虫不同器官感受器的超微结构
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曹付 1, 2 , 董宝 1, 2 , 寇若晗 1, 2 , 刘梦欣 1, 2 , 王进军 1, 2 , 蒋红波 1, 2
植物保护学报 | 研究论文 2026,53(2): 467-476
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植物保护学报 | 研究论文 2026, 53(2): 467-476
橘小实蝇雌成虫不同器官感受器的超微结构
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曹付1, 2, 董宝1, 2, 寇若晗1, 2, 刘梦欣1, 2, 王进军1, 2, 蒋红波1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.西南大学植物保护学院,昆虫学与害虫控制工程重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400715
  • 2.西南大学农业科学研究院,长江上游农业生物安全与绿色生产教育部重点实验室,重庆 400715

通讯作者:

Ultrastructure of sensilla in different organs of female oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis
Fu Cao1, 2, Bao Dong1, 2, Ruohan Kou1, 2, Mengxin Liu1, 2, Jinjun Wang1, 2, Hongbo Jiang1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
出版时间: 2026-04-30 doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025111
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为明确橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis雌成虫外周感受器的种类、分布和形态结构,采用扫描电子显微镜观察触角(鞭节)、下颚须、喙、足、翅及产卵器上的感受器种类和形状。结果显示:橘小实蝇雌成虫6种器官上主要分布有5种类型感受器,分别为微毛型感受器、毛型感受器、锥形感受器、腔锥形感受器和刺型感受器。微毛型感受器分布于触角、下颚须、喙、足和翅上,其中足上有3种亚型(I~III型),翅上微毛型感受器的长度长于触角、下颚须、喙上的微毛型感受器。毛型感受器分布于触角、喙和产卵器上,触角上的毛型感受器形状明显区别于喙和产卵器上的毛型感受器。锥形感受器分布于触角、下颚须和喙上,其中触角和喙上分别有2种(I型和II型)和3种亚型(I~III型);仅触角和下颚须上的锥形感受器表面分布有小孔。腔锥形感受器分布于触角和产卵器上,产卵器上有2种亚型(I型和II型),其中I型呈对称分布。刺型感受器分布于下颚须、喙、足、翅和产卵器上,形状相似,足上有3种亚型(I~III型)。表明橘小实蝇不同外部器官上的感受器在分布、种类和形态上存在差异,暗示这些感受器可能在不同的生物学功能中发挥作用。

橘小实蝇  /  外周感受器  /  扫描电子显微镜  /  感受器类型和功能

To clarify the types, distribution, and morphological characteristics of peripheral sensilla in female oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis, scanning electron microscopy was used to examine sensilla on the antennae (funiculus), maxillary palps, proboscis, legs, wings, and ovipositor. The results revealed that five types of sensilla were mainly distributed across six organs: microtrichia, sensilla trichoid, sensilla basiconica, sensilla coeloconica, and sensilla chaetica. Microtrichia were distributed on the antennae, maxillary palps, proboscis, legs, and wings. Notably, three subtypes (I-III) were observed on the legs, and those on the wings were longer than those on the antennae, maxillary palps, and proboscis. Sensilla trichoid were distributed on the antennae, proboscis, and ovipositor, with distinct morphological differences between those on the antennae and those on the other two organs. Sensilla basiconica were found on the antennae, maxillary palps, and proboscis. Two subtypes (I and II) were present on the antennae and three subtypes (I-III) on the proboscis. Pores were observed on the surface of sensilla basiconica on the antennae and maxillary palps, but not on the proboscis. Sensilla coeloconica were located on the antennae and ovipositor, with two subtypes (I and II) on the ovipositor, among which subtype I exhibited a symmetrical distribution. Sensilla chaetica were distributed on the maxillary palps, proboscis, legs, wings, and ovipositor, displaying similar morphology across organs, with three subtypes (I-III) identified on the legs. These results indicate that sensilla on different external organs of B. dorsalis differ in their distribution, type, and morphology, suggesting that these sensilla may perform distinct biological functions.

Bactrocera dorsalis  /  peripheral sensilla  /  scanning electron microscopy  /  sensilla type and function
曹付, 董宝, 寇若晗, 刘梦欣, 王进军, 蒋红波. 橘小实蝇雌成虫不同器官感受器的超微结构. 植物保护学报, 2026 , 53 (2) : 467 -476 . DOI: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025111
Fu Cao, Bao Dong, Ruohan Kou, Mengxin Liu, Jinjun Wang, Hongbo Jiang. Ultrastructure of sensilla in different organs of female oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis[J]. Journal of Plant Protection, 2026 , 53 (2) : 467 -476 . DOI: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025111
橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis属双翅目实蝇科,是全球果蔬生产中的重要农业害虫(宫庆涛等,2023),其寄主广泛,可为害番石榴、柑橘、杧果和香蕉等250多种水果(杨雨馨等,2023Zhang et al.,2023)。该虫雌成虫交配后将卵产于果实内,幼虫取食果肉,导致果实腐烂脱落,造成严重的经济损失(杨琴等,2025)。橘小实蝇最早于印度南部地区被发现,1912年在中国台湾省首次被发现(Clarke et al.,2019Zeng et al.,2019)。近年来,随着经济全球化进程加快,橘小实蝇种群随果品调运不断转移和远距离传播(郭腾达等,2023)。在新的生存环境中,橘小实蝇依靠强大的外周感受系统,完成觅食、求偶、交配、产卵以及躲避天敌等生命活动,从而快速适应环境和繁衍后代(张杰等,2023)。
外周感受系统是昆虫感知外界环境信号的核心元件,常由嗅觉感受器、味觉感受器、机械感受器以及相关感受蛋白组成(罗娟等,2023张桂健等,2025)。作为昆虫体表特异性的外周器官结构,感受器通常位于特定的器官部位,如触角、下颚须、喙、足、翅以及产卵器等,可感知外界化学、机械、温湿度以及CO2等多种环境信号(Benton et al.,2009Guo et al.,2024)。由于昆虫不同外部器官的生物学功能不同,因此这些器官上分布的感受器类型和数量存在较大差异(史薛强等,2025)。例如,嗅觉感受器主要分布于触角和下颚须,通过气味结合蛋白(Chen et al.,2022)、气味受体(Liu et al.,2020)、感觉神经元膜蛋白(Xu et al.,2023)、气味降解酶以及离子型受体(Peng et al.,2024)等嗅觉相关蛋白来感受环境中的气味物质;味觉感受器主要分布于喙上,通过味觉受体感受环境中的甜味、苦味和CO2Dong et al.,2024Frank et al.,2024Chen et al.,2025);机械感受器主要分布于产卵器上,通过机械感受相关蛋白来感受外界机械信号和温度信号等(Zhang et al.,2022张艳,2024)。
目前,已有研究初步鉴定了橘小实蝇触角和下颚须上的感受器类型(刘丽玲等,2020Liu et al.,2021),但对其喙、足、翅以及产卵器等重要器官上的感受器分布、类型和超微形态仍知之甚少。本研究利用扫描电子显微镜对橘小实蝇触角、下颚须、喙、足、翅和产卵器等器官表面进行系统性形态观察并根据特征进行感受器分类,揭示不同器官上感受器的类型和组成,以期为深入理解橘小实蝇化学感受的生理学机制提供基础数据。
供试昆虫:橘小实蝇于2008年从中国海南省采集,带回实验室在温度(27±1) ℃、相对湿度(70±5)%、光周期14 L∶10 D的人工气候箱内饲养多代。幼虫饲喂含有玉米、小麦胚芽粉、酵母粉、琼脂、糖、山梨酸、亚油酸和滤纸的人工固体饲料,成虫饲喂由酵母粉、蜂蜜、糖和抗坏血酸组成的液体饲料。取4日龄雌成虫供试。
试剂和仪器:10 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液,美国赛默飞世尔科技公司;其余试剂均为国产分析纯。Zeiss Sigma 500场发射扫描电子显微镜,德国蔡司公司;JYSC-1000镀膜仪,广州竞赢科学仪器有限公司;连续变倍体视显微镜,重庆奥特光学仪器有限责任公司。
取橘小实蝇4日龄雌成虫10头,于-20 ℃冷冻3 min后置于冰上,在体视显微镜下剪取触角、下颚须、喙、前足、中足、后足、翅以及产卵器,并分别放置于10 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液中超声清洗15 min,静置2 min,重复5次。将清洗后的器官置于4%多聚甲醛中,4 ℃固定48 h。依次使用50%、60%、70%、80%、90%和100%无水乙醇进行梯度脱水,每个浓度处理5 min,重复3次。将各器官样品于室温静置晾干,12 h后固定在样品台的导电胶上,使用镀膜仪喷金后置于扫描电子显微镜下观察并拍照,加速电压为2 kV。
使用ImageJ软件对感受器大小进行测量,使用Excel 2021软件对数据进行统计分析。
橘小实蝇雌成虫触角鞭节上分布着大量感受器,主要为微毛型感受器、毛型感受器、I型锥形感受器、II型锥形感受器和腔锥形感受器(图1)。其中微毛型感受器分布最广,数量最多,自基部至端部呈螺旋环纹状,基部直径为6.02 μm,长度为23.37 μm(图1-B,表1)。毛型感受器基部无窝,端部呈圆锥形,表面分布有小孔,基部直径为2.84 μm,长度为22.41 μm(图1-C,表1);I型锥形感受器表面分布有小孔,长度为8.27 μm,基部直径为1.73 μm,呈弯曲状(图1-D,表1);II型锥形感受器形状与I型不同,基部至端部粗细较为一致,呈拇指状,表面分布有小孔,基部直径为2.29 μm,长度为8.17 μm(图1-E,表1)。腔锥形感受器基部着生于腔内,由多根条状感受器组成,呈簇状,基部直径为0.67 μm,基窝直径为1.71 μm,长度为2.49 μm(图1-F,表1)。
橘小实蝇雌成虫下颚须上分布着微毛型感受器、锥形感受器和刺型感受器(图2)。微毛型感受器着生于整个下颚须上,基部无窝,表面具纵纹,基部直径为3.29 μm,长度为16.69 μm(图2-B,表1)。刺型感受器分布于下颚须的表面及边缘,自基部至端部呈螺旋状,基窝直径为5.53 μm,基部直径为3.10 μm,长度为49.21 μm(图2-C,表1)。锥形感受器表面均匀分布着小孔,呈弯曲状,基部直径为2.30 μm,长度为10.26 μm(图2-D,表1)。
橘小实蝇雌成虫喙上存在微毛型感受器、毛型感受器、刺型感受器、I型锥形感受器、II型锥形感受器和III型锥形感受器(图3)。刺型感受器具基窝,表面具纵纹,呈弯曲状,基窝直径为6.42 μm,基部直径为4.89 μm,长度为50.16 μm(图3-B,表1)。毛型感受器基部直径为0.96 μm,长度为13.30 μm,表面具纵纹,呈弯曲状(图3-C,表1)。I型、II型和III型锥形感受器基部均具窝,表面有纵纹,顶端钝圆;I型和II型锥形感受器呈直立状,基窝直径分别为4.36 μm和3.18 μm,基部直径分别为3.58 μm和2.50 μm,长度分别为45.77 μm和6.73 μm(图3-D~E,表1);III型锥形感受器稍弯曲,基部直径为3.55 μm,基窝直径为4.81 μm,长度为17.48 μm(图3-F,表1)。
橘小实蝇雌成虫前足、中足和后足上的感受器类型无明显差异,均主要分布有I型、II型、III型刺型感受器和I型、II型、III型微毛型感受器(图4-A~C)。I型、II型和III型刺型感受器自基部至端部呈螺旋状,基窝直径分别为8.51、5.46和11.73 μm,基部直径分别为5.69、4.12和8.95 μm,长度分别为139.37、57.25和61.46 μm(表1)。I型和II型刺型感受器形状相似(图4-D~E);III型刺型感受器主要分布于股节、胫节和跗节的节间连接处,与I型和II型相比,III型刺型感受器较粗壮(图4-F)。3种微毛型感受器在形状上存在明显差异,I型微毛型感受器主要着生于股节,基部无窝,表面具纵棱,末端弯曲,基部直径为1.64 μm,长度为10.50 μm(图4-D,表1);II型微毛型感受器基部无窝,表面具纵纹,与足部表皮连接处直径较小,为1.38 μm,长度为9.10 μm(图4-E,表1);III型微毛型感受器与足表皮连接处直径较大,为5.99 μm,表面具纵纹,长度为18.61 μm(图4-E,表1)。II型和III型微毛型感受器在胫节上均匀分布,且均贴着足部表皮生长,但II型数量远多于III型。
橘小实蝇雌成虫翅上主要分布2种类型的感受器,分别为微毛型感受器和刺型感受器(图5)。其中微毛型感受器均匀排列在翅面以及翅脉上(图5-B~C),基部无窝,表面有纵纹,末端稍弯曲,基部直径为1.87 μm,长度为20.41 μm(表1)。刺型感受器主要分布于翅的前缘(图5-D)、顶角(图5-E)和外缘(图5-F)等部位,基部着生于基窝中,自基部至端部呈螺旋状,基部直径为4.60 μm,基窝直径为6.23 μm,长度为41.97 μm(表1)。
橘小实蝇雌成虫产卵器分为3节,其上主要分布毛型感受器、刺型感受器、I型腔锥形感受器和II型腔锥形感受器(图6)。毛型感受器基部无窝,表面具纵纹,基部直径为2.21 μm,长度为73.48 μm(图6-C,表1)。刺型感受器位于产卵器末端,两侧各有1对,呈对称分布,基部直径为2.75 μm,长度为25.03 μm(图6-D,表1)。I型腔锥形感受器与刺型感受器相邻,对称分布,位于较大的基窝中,基窝直径为5.28 μm,基部直径为1.94 μm,长度为5.87 μm(图6-E,表1);II型腔锥形感受器散点式分布在产卵器末端,着生于基窝腔中,仅端部露出,基窝直径为2.12 μm,基部直径为0.60 μm,长度为1.31 μm(图6-F,表1)。
昆虫外周感受器种类多、数量庞大,在感知外界环境信号中具有重要作用(王浩等,2023)。本研究使用扫描电子显微镜观察了橘小实蝇雌成虫触角、下颚须、喙、足、翅和产卵器等器官上的感受器,在这6种器官上分布着不同类型的感受器,包括微毛型感受器、毛型感受器、锥形感受器、腔锥形感受器以及刺型感受器。不同器官感受器种类和数量的差异反映了感受器功能上的多样性(梁志等,2024)。
本研究发现微毛型感受器和毛型感受器广泛分布于橘小实蝇雌成虫触角、下颚须、喙、足、翅和产卵器等器官上。其中,微毛型感受器短于毛型感受器,且在不同器官上形态存在差异,与喙和产卵器上的微毛型感受器相比,触角和下颚须上的微毛型感受器自基部至端部呈螺旋状,触角上的毛型感受器表面具有孔状结构并广泛分布于触角的鞭节上,这与郭静凤等(2025)对实蝇科昆虫触角感受器的观察一致。已有研究证实昆虫毛型感受器具有感知性信息素、寄主挥发物的功能。例如,棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera A型毛型感受器参与对顺11-十六碳烯醛的识别,B型参与对顺9-十六碳烯醛的识别,而C型则参与对顺9-十四碳烯醛、顺9-十六碳烯醛和顺11-十六碳烯醇的感受(Chang et al.,2017Liu et al.,2023)。另外,毛型感受器参与棉铃虫对产卵忌避物质的感受(Zhang XX et al.,2024)。因此,本研究推测触角毛型感受器在橘小实蝇的嗅觉感知中发挥着重要作用。
锥形感受器主要分布于触角、下颚须和喙,其中触角和下颚须是昆虫重要的嗅觉感受器官,在昆虫对环境气味物质的感受中发挥着重要作用(Liu et al.,2021)。本研究发现橘小实蝇雌成虫触角上分布有2种类型的锥形感受器,下颚须分布有1种锥形感受器。橘小实蝇雌成虫触角和下颚须上的锥形感受器表面分布有大量孔状结构,这一特征被广泛认为是气味分子进入感受器腔并激活嗅觉神经元相关的重要结构。气味分子通过感受器表面的微孔进入血淋巴,与可溶性蛋白结合并被运输至嗅觉受体,从而将化学信号转变为电信号,经中枢神经系统整合后调控昆虫的行为(Brito et al.,2016Xu et al.,2024)。鉴于橘小实蝇锥形感受器参与对甲基丁香酚的感受(Zhang J et al.,2024),推测分布于橘小实蝇雌成虫触角和下颚须上的锥形感受器在嗅觉感受中发挥着重要作用。与橘小实蝇雌成虫触角和下颚须上的锥形感受器不同,本研究在其喙上鉴定的3种类型锥形感受器表面均有纵纹且顶端开口,符合昆虫味觉感受器的普遍特征(高成龙等,2023)。Dong et al.(2024)利用昆虫味觉单感器记录技术发现橘小实蝇喙部的II型锥形感受器参与对蔗糖的感知。然而,I型和III型锥形感受器在橘小实蝇味觉感知中的作用还需要进一步研究。
昆虫触角上的腔锥形感受器不仅参与其嗅觉感受,还在温湿度感受、味觉感受以及氨类物质的感受中发挥着作用(Menuz et al.,2014Hao et al.,2023)。例如,黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster触角上腔锥形感受器中的神经元参与化学(Yao et al.,2005)和温湿度感受(Gupta & Rodrigues,1997)。除此之外,本研究在橘小实蝇产卵器尖端发现了2种类型的腔锥形感受器,其中I型腔锥形感受器两两并排,并呈对称分布,而II型腔锥形感受器则散点式分布在产卵器的表面。腔锥形感受器与雌成虫的产卵选择等行为密切相关(王浩等,2023)。因此,推测橘小实蝇产卵器上分布的腔锥形感受器与雌成虫感受产卵引诱物质密切相关。
橘小实蝇的刺型感受器在形状上明显区别于其他感受器,自基部至端部呈螺旋状,顶端尖锐。昆虫刺型感受器具有感受外界机械、化学等刺激的功能,在定位寄主、求偶以及产卵选择中发挥着重要作用(刘俊延等,2018徐天梅等,2021)。近期研究表明,苹果蠹蛾Cydia pomonella、梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta和葡萄花翅小卷蛾Lobesia botrana的刺型感受器在味觉感受中具有重要作用(Amat et al.,2022)。本研究发现橘小实蝇刺型感受器分布于下颚须、喙、足、翅以及产卵器上。喙和下颚须是昆虫重要的化学感受器官(汤清波等,2011),在位置上相连,推测在该位置着生的刺型感受器与昆虫的觅食行为相关。此外,本研究还发现橘小实蝇足上分布有3种类型的刺型感受器。足是昆虫重要的运动器官,与外界环境直接接触(吴基楠等,2024)。绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum足上存在的多种刺型感受器与机械感受和化学感受相关(Li et al.,2020)。因此,推测橘小实蝇足上的刺型感受器在机械感受和接触性化学物质的检测中发挥着重要作用。此外,翅作为昆虫的飞行器官,其上分布的刺型感受器可能与感受气流以及空气中的信号分子相关。而橘小实蝇产卵器上分布的刺型感受器与I型腔锥形感受器相邻,数量相等,呈对称分布。橘小实蝇在产卵时,将产卵器通过伤口插入果实内部产卵(敖国富等,2025),推测橘小实蝇产卵器上分布的刺型感受器可能在其选择优质产卵地场所过程中发挥着重要作用。
在实蝇科昆虫中,橘小实蝇感受器在整体类型构成上与其他类群实蝇表现出较高的一致性,体现了该类群感觉系统的进化保守性。例如,在南瓜实蝇Bactrocera depressa和桃实蝇Bactrocera zonata的触角上同样分布有毛形感受器、锥形感受器和腔锥形感受器(Awad et al.,2014Oh et al.,2019)。柑橘大实蝇Bactrocera minax成虫触角和下颚须上的感受器类型与橘小实蝇高度一致,均包括毛形感受器、微毛感受器、刺形感受器和锥形感受器,进一步印证了实蝇科昆虫在外周感觉结构上的共性特征(宋傲群等,2015)。然而,感受器的长短在不同实蝇中存在差异。这表明在不同实蝇中感受器对空气中气味分子的捕获存在差异(Koehl,2006)。在与产卵行为密切相关的产卵器感受器方面,不同物种之间则表现出明显差异。橘小实蝇在产卵器侧面凹槽中分布有对称排列的腔锥形感受器和刺形感受器,而在柑橘大实蝇相同部位仅观察到与橘小实蝇刺形感受器形态相似但长度更短的感受器,且未发现腔锥形感受器(周仁迪等,2023)。这种差异说明尽管实蝇科昆虫在基本感受器类型上具有较高的保守性,但在与关键行为功能相关的结构上仍发生了适应性分化。结合食性特征来看,橘小实蝇属于典型的多食性昆虫,其产卵器上更为复杂和多样的感受器配置可能有助于其在多种寄主植物间进行精细化识别与选择,从而在寄主适应性产卵过程中发挥重要作用。但仍需要进一步通过电生理记录、基因功能验证及行为学试验进行验证。
综上所述,本研究利用扫描电子显微镜系统观察了橘小实蝇雌成虫不同器官上的外周感受器,明确了其类型组成、空间分布及形态特征。未来可通过对不同器官感受器的数量与密度的系统比较,结合形态学-电生理-行为学的多层级整合研究框架,全面解析橘小实蝇感受器结构差异与寄主选择、产卵行为和趋避反应之间的功能关联。总之,本研究结果不仅为理解实蝇科昆虫的进化规律及其行为生态差异提供了重要依据,也为后续从生理和分子层面深入解析橘小实蝇感受器的功能提供了形态学基础。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600100)
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072491)
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772233)
  • 高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B18044)
  • 国家农业农村部产业技术体系岗位科学家项目,重庆市科技局技术创新与应用发展专项(CSTB2024TIAD-KPX0111)
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2026年第53卷第2期
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doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025111
  • 接收时间:2025-08-01
  • 首发时间:2026-05-27
  • 出版时间:2026-04-30
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-01
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600100)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072491)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772233)
高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B18044)
国家农业农村部产业技术体系岗位科学家项目,重庆市科技局技术创新与应用发展专项(CSTB2024TIAD-KPX0111)
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    1.西南大学植物保护学院,昆虫学与害虫控制工程重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400715
    2.西南大学农业科学研究院,长江上游农业生物安全与绿色生产教育部重点实验室,重庆 400715

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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