Article(id=1266470531319620456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, issueId=1266470523241382909, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025148, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1761235200000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1779879704550, onlineDateStr=2026-05-27, pubDate=1777478400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1779879704550, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-05-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1779879704550, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1779879704550, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1266470523241382909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, year='2026', volume='53', issue='2', pageStart='301', pageEnd='586', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1777478400000', pubDateStr='2026-04-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1779879702622, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1782266106964, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1276479828593349443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, issueId=1266470523241382909, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1276479828593349444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, issueId=1266470523241382909, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=317, endPage=329, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1266470532561134442, articleId=1266470531319620456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, language=EN, title=Current status, challenges, and recommendations for pesticide registration in potato production in China, columnId=1266470531168617472, journalTitle=Journal of Plant Protection, columnName=Reviews, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Potato Solanum tuberosum is a cornerstone food crop in China. However, its production is significantly compromised by various pests and diseases, including late blight, early blight, black scurf, blackleg, grubs, aphids, and weeds. Consequently, the scientific and judicious application of pesticides is essential for ensuring both yield and quality. As of March 20, 2025, a total of 804 pesticide products have been registered in China for potato cultivation, comprising 497 fungicides, 128 herbicides, 109 insecticides, and 70 plant growth regulators. This review evaluates the current status of these registrations, identifies the prevailing challenges, and proposes optimization strategies to enhance integrated pest management, promote the rational use of pesticides, and facilitate the sustainable development of the potato industry.

, authors=null, authorsList=Yuhe Li, Wenjie Liu, Shigui Li, Yulin Gao, Huaijun Si, Xiaodan Wang, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1266470535891411822, articleId=1266470531319620456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, language=CN, title=我国马铃薯农药登记现状及存在问题与建议, columnId=1266470531684515842, journalTitle=植物保护学报, columnName=文献综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

马铃薯Solanum tuberosum是我国重要的粮食作物,其安全生产受晚疫病、早疫病、黑痣病、黑胫病、蛴螬、蚜虫及杂草等有害生物的严重威胁,因此,科学合理使用农药对于有效保障马铃薯的产量与品质具有重要意义。截至2025年3月20日,我国登记用于马铃薯的农药产品共804个,其中杀菌剂497个,除草剂128个,杀虫剂109个,以及植物生长调节剂70个。该文通过分析马铃薯农药登记现状,讨论现存问题,并提出优化建议,以期为马铃薯病虫害防治、农药合理使用及产业可持续发展提供有力支撑。

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E-mail:
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Characteristics analysis and development suggestions of registered produce of biological pesticides in China. Agrochemicals, 64(2): 87-93, 118 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746764808831422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=64, issue=2, pageStart=87, pageEnd=93, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=35, authorNames=潘家新, 李林生, 粟月萍, journalName=农药, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘家新, 李林生, 粟月萍. 2025. 我国生物农药登记产品特点分析及发展建议. 农药, 64(2): 87-93, 118, articleTitle=我国生物农药登记产品特点分析及发展建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746764892717503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=28, issue=2, pageStart=111, pageEnd=116, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=36, authorNames=Wang P, Xiong XY, Lei Y, Tang LF, Liu MY, Nie XZ, Hu XX, journalName=Chinese Potato Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang P, Xiong XY, Lei Y, Tang LF, Liu MY, Nie XZ, Hu XX. 2014. Research advances in soil-borne potato diseases. Chinese Potato Journal, 28(2): 111-116 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746765110821312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=28, issue=2, pageStart=111, pageEnd=116, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=37, authorNames=汪沛, 熊兴耀, 雷艳, 汤琳菲, 刘明月, 聂先舟, 胡新喜, journalName=中国马铃薯, refType=null, unstructuredReference=汪沛, 熊兴耀, 雷艳, 汤琳菲, 刘明月, 聂先舟, 胡新喜. 2014. 马铃薯土传病害的研究进展. 中国马铃薯, 28(2): 111-116, articleTitle=马铃薯土传病害的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746765224067521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=15, issue=2, pageStart=67, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=38, authorNames=Xie KY, Che XB, Ducatillon C, Serneels F, journalName=Chinese Potato, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xie KY, Che XB, Ducatillon C, Serneels F. 2001. Potato late blight warning system in Belgium and its application in China. Chinese Potato, 15(2): 67-71 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746765534446018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=15, issue=2, pageStart=67, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=39, authorNames=谢开云, 车兴壁, Ducatillon C, Serneels F, journalName=中国马铃薯, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢开云, 车兴壁, Ducatillon C, Serneels F. 2001. 比利时马铃薯晚疫病预警系统及其在我国的应用. 中国马铃薯, 15(2): 67-71, articleTitle=比利时马铃薯晚疫病预警系统及其在我国的应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746765672858051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=52, issue=16, pageStart=2800, pageEnd=2808, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=40, authorNames=Xu J, Zhu JH, Yang YL, Tang H, Lü HP, Fan MS, Shi Y, Dong DF, Wang GJ, Wang WX, journalName=Scientia Agricultura Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu J, Zhu JH, Yang YL, Tang H, HP, Fan MS, Shi Y, Dong DF, Wang GJ, Wang WX, et al. 2019. Status of major diseases and insect pests of potato and pesticide usage in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 52(16): 2800-2808 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766025179588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=52, issue=16, pageStart=2800, pageEnd=2808, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=41, authorNames=徐进, 朱杰华, 杨艳丽, 汤浩, 吕和平, 樊明寿, 石瑛, 董道峰, 王贵江, 王万兴, journalName=中国马铃薯病虫害发生情况与农药使用现状. 中国农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐进, 朱杰华, 杨艳丽, 汤浩, 吕和平, 樊明寿, 石瑛, 董道峰, 王贵江, 王万兴, . 2019. 中国马铃薯病虫害发生情况与农药使用现状. 中国农业科学, 52(16): 2800-2808, articleTitle=2019, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766096482757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=59, issue=7, pageStart=42, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=42, authorNames=Yu YL, journalName=Guangdong Sericulture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu YL. 2025. Research on the promotion and application of biological pesticides in agricultural plant protection. Guangdong Sericulture, 59(7): 42-44 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766176174534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=59, issue=7, pageStart=42, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=43, authorNames=余易兰, journalName=广东蚕业, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余易兰. 2025. 生物农药在农业植保中的推广应用. 广东蚕业, 59(7): 42-44, articleTitle=生物农药在农业植保中的推广应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766432027079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=6, pageStart=1748, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=44, authorNames=Zhang DR, Fang H, He Y, journalName=Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang DR, Fang H, He Y. 2019. Research of crop disease based on visible/near infrared spectral image technology: a review. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 39(6): 1748 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766507524552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=6, pageStart=1748, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=45, authorNames=张德荣, 方慧, 何勇, journalName=光谱学与光谱分析, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张德荣, 方慧, 何勇. 2019. 可见/近红外光谱图像在作物病害检测中的应用. 光谱学与光谱分析, 39(6): 1748, articleTitle=可见/近红外光谱图像在作物病害检测中的应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766599799241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=40, pageEnd=43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=46, authorNames=Zhang MM, Gu X, Yang XH, Yao LL, Gao XD, Liu W, Qiu L, Ding JJ, journalName=Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang MM, Gu X, Yang XH, Yao LL, Gao XD, Liu W, Qiu L, Ding JJ. 2021. Screening test of six biological agents against potato late blight. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, (12): 40-43 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766784348618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=40, pageEnd=43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=47, authorNames=张茂明, 顾鑫, 杨晓贺, 姚亮亮, 高雪冬, 刘伟, 邱磊, 丁俊杰, journalName=黑龙江农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张茂明, 顾鑫, 杨晓贺, 姚亮亮, 高雪冬, 刘伟, 邱磊, 丁俊杰. 2021. 六种生物药剂防治马铃薯晚疫病的筛选试验. 黑龙江农业科学, (12): 40-43, articleTitle=六种生物药剂防治马铃薯晚疫病的筛选试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766864040395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=446, pageEnd=448, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=48, authorNames=Zhao CA, Tian JX, Zhao DL, journalName=Potato industry and modern sustainable agriculture, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao CA, Tian JX, Zhao DL. 2015. Control effect of botanical pesticide eugenol against potato late blight.//Potato Committee of Chinese Crop Society. Potato industry and modern sustainable agriculture, pp. 446-448 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746766935343564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=446, pageEnd=448, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=49, authorNames=赵常安, 田建新, 赵东雷, journalName=马铃薯产业与现代可持续农业, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵常安, 田建新, 赵东雷. 2015. 植物源农药丁子香酚对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果//中国作物学会马铃薯专业委员会. 马铃薯产业与现代可持续农业. pp. 446-448, articleTitle=植物源农药丁子香酚对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746767019229645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=9, pageStart=90, pageEnd=92, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=50, authorNames=Zhao YZ, Wang D, Xu LM, Jia RF, Guo JS, Li N, He YQ, Yan HM, journalName=China Plant Protection, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao YZ, Wang D, Xu LM, Jia RF, Guo JS, Li N, He YQ, Yan HM. 2020. Comparison of field control effects of different microbial agents on potato black spot disease. China Plant Protection, 40(9): 90-92 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266746767115698638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=9, pageStart=90, pageEnd=92, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=51, authorNames=赵远征, 王东, 徐利敏, 贾瑞芳, 郭景山, 李楠, 贺有权, 闫辉敏, journalName=中国植保导刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵远征, 王东, 徐利敏, 贾瑞芳, 郭景山, 李楠, 贺有权, 闫辉敏. 2020. 不同微生物菌剂对马铃薯黑痣病的田间防效比较. 中国植保导刊, 40(9): 90-92, articleTitle=不同微生物菌剂对马铃薯黑痣病的田间防效比较, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1266746760283177366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, awardId=2023YFD1700700, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1700700), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1266746760346091927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266746748467822934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746748476211543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, companyId=1266746748467822934, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746748480405848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, companyId=1266746748467822934, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京 100193)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266746748534931801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746748551709018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, companyId=1266746748534931801, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746748564291931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, companyId=1266746748534931801, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州 730070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266746748753035613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746748761424222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, companyId=1266746748753035613, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266746748769812831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, companyId=1266746748753035613, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京 100193)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1266746759251378570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Number of pesticide registrations by domestic and foreign enterprises for potatoes in China over the past ten years, figureFileSmall=D6N8BfTQhm//6w3UD8/2rw==, figureFileBig=wCSznw9C53oIwGQCw1H5/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746759326876043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=CN, label=图1, caption=10年我国马铃薯农药国内外企业登记数量, figureFileSmall=D6N8BfTQhm//6w3UD8/2rw==, figureFileBig=wCSznw9C53oIwGQCw1H5/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266746759419150732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Top ten registered single and mixture fungicides for potatoes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

防治病害

Target disease

登记数量

Number of

registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

氟啶胺

Fluazinam

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight45

嘧菌酯

Azoxystrobin

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、颗粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule,

granule

晚疫病Late blight27

代森锰锌

Mancozeb

可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂

Wettable powder, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight24

氰霜唑

Cyazofamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight17
代森锌Zineb可湿性粉剂Wettable powder

早疫病、晚疫病

Early blight, late blight

13

咯菌腈

Fludioxonil

悬浮种衣剂

Flowable suspension for seed treatment

黑痣病Black scurf9

氢氧化铜

Copper hydroxide

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight8

烯酰吗啉

Dimethomorph

可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Wettable powder, suspension concentrate, water

dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight8

吡唑醚菌酯

Pyraclostrobin

悬浮剂、微囊悬浮剂、乳油

Suspension concentrate, capsule suspension,

emulsifiable concentrate

早疫病、晚疫病

Early blight, late blight

8

噻呋酰胺

Thifluzamide

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

黑痣病Black scurf7

混剂

Combination

formulation

噻呋·嘧菌酯

Thifluzamide·azoxystrobin

悬浮剂、颗粒剂、悬浮种衣剂

Suspension concentrate, granule, flowable

suspension for seed treatment

黑痣病Black scurf10

霜脲·氰霜唑

Cymoxanil·cyazofamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight9

烯酰·氟啶胺

Dimethomorph·fluazinam

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight9

氟菌·霜霉威

Fluopicolide·propamocarb

hydrochloride

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight8

氟吡菌胺·烯酰吗啉

Fluopicolide·dimethomorph

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight8

霜脲·锰锌

Cymoxanil·mancozeb

水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂

Water dispersible granule, wettable powder

晚疫病Late blight7

烯酰·吡唑酯

Dimethomorph·

pyraclostrobin

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

早疫病、晚疫病

Early blight, late blight

7

氟吡菌胺·精甲霜灵

Fluopicolide·metalaxyl-M

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight7

噁酮·氰霜唑

Famoxadone·cyazofamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight6

肟菌·戊唑醇

Trifloxystrobin·

tebuconazole

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

早疫病Early blight6
), ArticleFig(id=1266746759490453901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

马铃薯杀菌剂登记数量位列前10的单剂与混剂

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

防治病害

Target disease

登记数量

Number of

registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

氟啶胺

Fluazinam

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight45

嘧菌酯

Azoxystrobin

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、颗粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule,

granule

晚疫病Late blight27

代森锰锌

Mancozeb

可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂

Wettable powder, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight24

氰霜唑

Cyazofamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight17
代森锌Zineb可湿性粉剂Wettable powder

早疫病、晚疫病

Early blight, late blight

13

咯菌腈

Fludioxonil

悬浮种衣剂

Flowable suspension for seed treatment

黑痣病Black scurf9

氢氧化铜

Copper hydroxide

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight8

烯酰吗啉

Dimethomorph

可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Wettable powder, suspension concentrate, water

dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight8

吡唑醚菌酯

Pyraclostrobin

悬浮剂、微囊悬浮剂、乳油

Suspension concentrate, capsule suspension,

emulsifiable concentrate

早疫病、晚疫病

Early blight, late blight

8

噻呋酰胺

Thifluzamide

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

黑痣病Black scurf7

混剂

Combination

formulation

噻呋·嘧菌酯

Thifluzamide·azoxystrobin

悬浮剂、颗粒剂、悬浮种衣剂

Suspension concentrate, granule, flowable

suspension for seed treatment

黑痣病Black scurf10

霜脲·氰霜唑

Cymoxanil·cyazofamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight9

烯酰·氟啶胺

Dimethomorph·fluazinam

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight9

氟菌·霜霉威

Fluopicolide·propamocarb

hydrochloride

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight8

氟吡菌胺·烯酰吗啉

Fluopicolide·dimethomorph

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight8

霜脲·锰锌

Cymoxanil·mancozeb

水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂

Water dispersible granule, wettable powder

晚疫病Late blight7

烯酰·吡唑酯

Dimethomorph·

pyraclostrobin

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

早疫病、晚疫病

Early blight, late blight

7

氟吡菌胺·精甲霜灵

Fluopicolide·metalaxyl-M

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate晚疫病Late blight7

噁酮·氰霜唑

Famoxadone·cyazofamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

晚疫病Late blight6

肟菌·戊唑醇

Trifloxystrobin·

tebuconazole

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule

早疫病Early blight6
), ArticleFig(id=1266746759565951374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Current status of insecticide registrations for potato

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

防治虫害

Target pest

登记数量

Number of registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

氟啶虫酰胺

Flonicamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water disper-

sible granule

蚜虫Aphid19

噻虫嗪

Thiamethoxam

悬浮剂、颗粒剂、可分散粉剂、水分散

粒剂、悬浮种衣剂

Suspension concentrate, granule, disper-

sible powder, water dispersible granule,

flowable suspension for seed treatment

蚜虫、白粉虱、蛴螬

Aphid, whitefly, grub

16

噻虫胺

Clothianidin

悬浮剂、颗粒剂、干拌种剂

Suspension concentrate, granule, dry

seed treatment

蛴螬Grub11

高效氯氰菊酯

Beta-cypermethrin

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

二十八星瓢虫

Henosepilachna

vigintioctopunctata

4

吡虫啉

Imidacloprid

微乳剂、悬浮种衣剂、可分散粉剂

Microemulsion, flowable suspension for

seed treatment, dispersible powder

蚜虫、蛴螬

Aphid, grub

3
氟氯氰菊酯Cyfluthrin颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub2

高效氯氟氰菊酯

Lambda-cyhalothrin

水乳剂Emulsion in water

蚜虫、马铃薯块茎蛾

Aphid, Phthorimaea

operculella

2
噻唑膦Fosthiazate颗粒剂Granule

根结线虫

Root knot nematode

2
氟吡菌酰胺Fluopyram悬浮剂Suspension concentrate

根结线虫

Root knot nematode

1
双丙环虫酯Afidopyropen可分散液剂Dispersible concentrate蚜虫Aphid1
氟吡呋喃酮Flupyradifurone可溶液剂Soluble concentrate蚜虫Aphid1
呋虫胺Dinotefuran悬浮剂Suspension concentrate甲虫Beetle1
虱螨脲Lufenuron乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

马铃薯块茎蛾

Phthorimaea operculella

1
吡蚜酮Pymetrozine水分散粒剂Water dispersible granule蚜虫Aphid1
氟啶虫胺腈Sulfoxaflor悬浮剂Suspension concentrate蚜虫Aphid1

混剂

Combination formulation

噻虫·氟氯氰Clothianidin·cyfluthrin颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub16

氯虫·噻虫胺

Chlorantraniliprole·clothianidin

颗粒剂、悬浮剂

Granule, suspension concentrate

蛴螬Grub11

噻虫·高氯氟

Thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin

微囊悬浮剂Capsule suspension蚜虫Aphid3

联苯·噻虫胺

Bifenthrin·clothianidin

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub2

氟酰胺·嘧菌酯·噻虫嗪

Flutolanil·azoxystrobin·

thiamethoxam

悬浮种衣剂

Flowable suspension for seed treatment

金针虫Wireworm1

咯菌腈·嘧菌酯·噻虫嗪

Fludioxonil·azoxystrobin·

thiamethoxam

可分散粉剂Dispersible powder蛴螬Grub1

联苯·氯虫苯

Bifenthrin·chlorantraniliprole

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub1

螺虫·噻虫啉

Spirotetramat·thiacloprid

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate蚜虫Aphid1

氯虫苯·氟氯氰

Chlorantraniliprole·cyfluthrin

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub1

氟氯氰菊酯·噻虫胺

Cyfluthrin·clothianidin

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub1

吡唑酯·噻虫嗪·中生素

Pyraclostrobin·thiamethoxam·

zhongshengmycin

可分散粉剂Dispersible powder蚜虫Aphid1

吡醚·咯·噻虫

Pyraclostrobin·fludioxonil·

clothianidin

可分散粉剂Dispersible powder蛴螬Grub1
), ArticleFig(id=1266746759628865935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

马铃薯杀虫剂登记现状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

防治虫害

Target pest

登记数量

Number of registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

氟啶虫酰胺

Flonicamid

悬浮剂、水分散粒剂

Suspension concentrate, water disper-

sible granule

蚜虫Aphid19

噻虫嗪

Thiamethoxam

悬浮剂、颗粒剂、可分散粉剂、水分散

粒剂、悬浮种衣剂

Suspension concentrate, granule, disper-

sible powder, water dispersible granule,

flowable suspension for seed treatment

蚜虫、白粉虱、蛴螬

Aphid, whitefly, grub

16

噻虫胺

Clothianidin

悬浮剂、颗粒剂、干拌种剂

Suspension concentrate, granule, dry

seed treatment

蛴螬Grub11

高效氯氰菊酯

Beta-cypermethrin

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

二十八星瓢虫

Henosepilachna

vigintioctopunctata

4

吡虫啉

Imidacloprid

微乳剂、悬浮种衣剂、可分散粉剂

Microemulsion, flowable suspension for

seed treatment, dispersible powder

蚜虫、蛴螬

Aphid, grub

3
氟氯氰菊酯Cyfluthrin颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub2

高效氯氟氰菊酯

Lambda-cyhalothrin

水乳剂Emulsion in water

蚜虫、马铃薯块茎蛾

Aphid, Phthorimaea

operculella

2
噻唑膦Fosthiazate颗粒剂Granule

根结线虫

Root knot nematode

2
氟吡菌酰胺Fluopyram悬浮剂Suspension concentrate

根结线虫

Root knot nematode

1
双丙环虫酯Afidopyropen可分散液剂Dispersible concentrate蚜虫Aphid1
氟吡呋喃酮Flupyradifurone可溶液剂Soluble concentrate蚜虫Aphid1
呋虫胺Dinotefuran悬浮剂Suspension concentrate甲虫Beetle1
虱螨脲Lufenuron乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

马铃薯块茎蛾

Phthorimaea operculella

1
吡蚜酮Pymetrozine水分散粒剂Water dispersible granule蚜虫Aphid1
氟啶虫胺腈Sulfoxaflor悬浮剂Suspension concentrate蚜虫Aphid1

混剂

Combination formulation

噻虫·氟氯氰Clothianidin·cyfluthrin颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub16

氯虫·噻虫胺

Chlorantraniliprole·clothianidin

颗粒剂、悬浮剂

Granule, suspension concentrate

蛴螬Grub11

噻虫·高氯氟

Thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin

微囊悬浮剂Capsule suspension蚜虫Aphid3

联苯·噻虫胺

Bifenthrin·clothianidin

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub2

氟酰胺·嘧菌酯·噻虫嗪

Flutolanil·azoxystrobin·

thiamethoxam

悬浮种衣剂

Flowable suspension for seed treatment

金针虫Wireworm1

咯菌腈·嘧菌酯·噻虫嗪

Fludioxonil·azoxystrobin·

thiamethoxam

可分散粉剂Dispersible powder蛴螬Grub1

联苯·氯虫苯

Bifenthrin·chlorantraniliprole

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub1

螺虫·噻虫啉

Spirotetramat·thiacloprid

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate蚜虫Aphid1

氯虫苯·氟氯氰

Chlorantraniliprole·cyfluthrin

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub1

氟氯氰菊酯·噻虫胺

Cyfluthrin·clothianidin

颗粒剂Granule蛴螬Grub1

吡唑酯·噻虫嗪·中生素

Pyraclostrobin·thiamethoxam·

zhongshengmycin

可分散粉剂Dispersible powder蚜虫Aphid1

吡醚·咯·噻虫

Pyraclostrobin·fludioxonil·

clothianidin

可分散粉剂Dispersible powder蛴螬Grub1
), ArticleFig(id=1266746759700169104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Current registration status of herbicides for potato

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

防治杂草

Target weed

登记数量

Number of registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

砜嘧磺隆Rimsulfuron

可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散

粒剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation,

wettable powder, water dispersible

granule

一年生杂草

Annual weed

18
二甲戊灵Pendimethalin

微囊悬浮剂、乳油、悬浮剂

Capsule suspension, emulsifiable

concentrate, suspension concentrat

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

10
灭草松Bentazone

可溶液剂、水剂

Soluble concentrate, aqueous suspension

一年生阔叶杂草

Annual broadleaf weed

9
敌草快Diquat

可溶液剂、水剂

Soluble concentrate, aqueous suspension

枯叶Withered leaf7
精异丙甲草胺S-metolachlor乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

5
乙草胺Acetochlor乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

4
嗪草酮Metribuzin

水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂

Water dispersible granule, wettable

powder, suspension concentrat

一年生阔叶杂草

Annual broadleaf weed

4
烯草酮Clethodim乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生禾本科杂草Annual gramineous weeds3

高效氟吡甲禾灵

Haloxyfop-P-methyl

乳油、微乳剂

Emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsion

一年生禾本科杂草Annual gramineous weeds3
噁草酸Propaquizafop乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生及部分多年生禾

本科杂草

Annual and some

perennial poaceae weeds

1
丙炔噁草酮Oxadiargyl可湿性粉剂Wettable powder一年生杂草Annual weed1

混剂

Combination

formulation

砜嘧·精喹

Rimsulfuron·quizalofop-P-ethyl

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed11

砜·喹·嗪草酮

Rimsulfuron·quizalofop-P-ethyl·

metribuzin

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed9

砜嘧·高氟吡

Rimsulfuron·haloxyfop-P-methyl

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed6

嗪酮·乙草胺

Metribuzin·acetochlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed6

嗪·烯·砜嘧

Metribuzin·clethodim·rimsulfuron

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed4

砜嘧隆·高氟吡·嗪草酮

Rimsulfuron·haloxyfop-P-methyl·

metribuzin

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed4

精喹·灭草松

Quizalofop-P-ethyl·bentazone

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed3

异松·乙草胺

Clomazone·acetochlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

3

精喹·嗪草酮

Quizalofop-P-ethyl·metribuzin

乳油、微乳剂

Emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsion

一年生杂草Annual weed3

扑·噻·乙草胺

Prometryn·thifensulfuron-methyl·

acetochlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed2

异甲·嗪草酮

Metolachlor·metribuzin

乳油、悬浮剂

Emulsifiable concentrate, suspension

concentrat

一年生杂草Annual weed2

高氟吡·嗪草酮

Haloxyfop-P-methyl·metribuzin

可分散油悬浮剂、乳油

Dispersible oil suspension formulation,

emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草Annual weed2

砜嘧磺隆·嗪草酮

Rimsulfuron·metribuzin

水分散粒剂Water dispersible granule一年生杂草Annual weed1

嗪草酮·乙草胺·异噁松

Metribuzin·acetochlor·clomazone

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

甲戊·扑草净

Pendimethalin·prometryn

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

砜嘧·烯草酮

Rimsulfuron·clethodim

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed1
扑·乙 Prometryn·acetochlor乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

精异丙甲草胺·嗪草酮

S-metolachlor·metribuzin

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

异噁·异丙甲

Clomazone·metolachlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

乙氧·异丙甲草胺

Oxyfluorfen·metolachlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1
), ArticleFig(id=1266746759834386833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

马铃薯除草剂登记现状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

防治杂草

Target weed

登记数量

Number of registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

砜嘧磺隆Rimsulfuron

可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散

粒剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation,

wettable powder, water dispersible

granule

一年生杂草

Annual weed

18
二甲戊灵Pendimethalin

微囊悬浮剂、乳油、悬浮剂

Capsule suspension, emulsifiable

concentrate, suspension concentrat

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

10
灭草松Bentazone

可溶液剂、水剂

Soluble concentrate, aqueous suspension

一年生阔叶杂草

Annual broadleaf weed

9
敌草快Diquat

可溶液剂、水剂

Soluble concentrate, aqueous suspension

枯叶Withered leaf7
精异丙甲草胺S-metolachlor乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

5
乙草胺Acetochlor乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

4
嗪草酮Metribuzin

水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂

Water dispersible granule, wettable

powder, suspension concentrat

一年生阔叶杂草

Annual broadleaf weed

4
烯草酮Clethodim乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生禾本科杂草Annual gramineous weeds3

高效氟吡甲禾灵

Haloxyfop-P-methyl

乳油、微乳剂

Emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsion

一年生禾本科杂草Annual gramineous weeds3
噁草酸Propaquizafop乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生及部分多年生禾

本科杂草

Annual and some

perennial poaceae weeds

1
丙炔噁草酮Oxadiargyl可湿性粉剂Wettable powder一年生杂草Annual weed1

混剂

Combination

formulation

砜嘧·精喹

Rimsulfuron·quizalofop-P-ethyl

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed11

砜·喹·嗪草酮

Rimsulfuron·quizalofop-P-ethyl·

metribuzin

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed9

砜嘧·高氟吡

Rimsulfuron·haloxyfop-P-methyl

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed6

嗪酮·乙草胺

Metribuzin·acetochlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed6

嗪·烯·砜嘧

Metribuzin·clethodim·rimsulfuron

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed4

砜嘧隆·高氟吡·嗪草酮

Rimsulfuron·haloxyfop-P-methyl·

metribuzin

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed4

精喹·灭草松

Quizalofop-P-ethyl·bentazone

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed3

异松·乙草胺

Clomazone·acetochlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草、一年生禾本

科杂草、阔叶杂草

Annual weed, annual

gramineous weeds,

broadleaf weed

3

精喹·嗪草酮

Quizalofop-P-ethyl·metribuzin

乳油、微乳剂

Emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsion

一年生杂草Annual weed3

扑·噻·乙草胺

Prometryn·thifensulfuron-methyl·

acetochlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed2

异甲·嗪草酮

Metolachlor·metribuzin

乳油、悬浮剂

Emulsifiable concentrate, suspension

concentrat

一年生杂草Annual weed2

高氟吡·嗪草酮

Haloxyfop-P-methyl·metribuzin

可分散油悬浮剂、乳油

Dispersible oil suspension formulation,

emulsifiable concentrate

一年生杂草Annual weed2

砜嘧磺隆·嗪草酮

Rimsulfuron·metribuzin

水分散粒剂Water dispersible granule一年生杂草Annual weed1

嗪草酮·乙草胺·异噁松

Metribuzin·acetochlor·clomazone

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

甲戊·扑草净

Pendimethalin·prometryn

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

砜嘧·烯草酮

Rimsulfuron·clethodim

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

一年生杂草Annual weed1
扑·乙 Prometryn·acetochlor乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

精异丙甲草胺·嗪草酮

S-metolachlor·metribuzin

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

异噁·异丙甲

Clomazone·metolachlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1

乙氧·异丙甲草胺

Oxyfluorfen·metolachlor

乳油Emulsifiable concentrate一年生杂草Annual weed1
), ArticleFig(id=1266746759926661522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Current registration status of plant growth regulators for potato

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

作用方式

Mechanism

登记数量

Number of registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

氯苯胺灵Chlorpropham

热雾剂、熏蒸剂、粉剂

Hot fogging concentrate, vaporizer

product, dust powder

抑制发芽Sprout inhibition9
敌草快Diquat

水剂、可溶液剂

Aqueous suspension, soluble concentrate

催枯Withering agent5
调环酸钙Prohexadione calcium水分散粒剂Water dispersible granule调节生长Growth regulation2
甲哌鎓Mepiquat chloride可溶粉剂Soluble powder调节生长Growth regulation1
噻苯隆Thidiazuron可溶液剂Soluble concentrate调节生长Growth regulation1
氯化血红素Hemin可湿性粉剂Wettable powder调节生长Growth regulation1

混剂

Combination

formulation

氯胆·萘乙酸

Choline chloride·1-naphthyl

acetic acid

可溶液剂、可湿性粉剂

Soluble concentrate, wettable powder

调节生长Growth regulation6

抗倒酯·调环酸钙

Trinexapac-ethyl·prohexadione

calcium

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

调节生长Growth regulation1

多效唑·调环酸钙

Paclobutrazol·prohexadione

calcium

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate调节生长Growth regulation1
), ArticleFig(id=1266746759997964691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

马铃薯植物生长调节剂登记现状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

种类

Category

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

作用方式

Mechanism

登记数量

Number of registrations

单剂

Single

ingredient

formulation

氯苯胺灵Chlorpropham

热雾剂、熏蒸剂、粉剂

Hot fogging concentrate, vaporizer

product, dust powder

抑制发芽Sprout inhibition9
敌草快Diquat

水剂、可溶液剂

Aqueous suspension, soluble concentrate

催枯Withering agent5
调环酸钙Prohexadione calcium水分散粒剂Water dispersible granule调节生长Growth regulation2
甲哌鎓Mepiquat chloride可溶粉剂Soluble powder调节生长Growth regulation1
噻苯隆Thidiazuron可溶液剂Soluble concentrate调节生长Growth regulation1
氯化血红素Hemin可湿性粉剂Wettable powder调节生长Growth regulation1

混剂

Combination

formulation

氯胆·萘乙酸

Choline chloride·1-naphthyl

acetic acid

可溶液剂、可湿性粉剂

Soluble concentrate, wettable powder

调节生长Growth regulation6

抗倒酯·调环酸钙

Trinexapac-ethyl·prohexadione

calcium

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension formulation

调节生长Growth regulation1

多效唑·调环酸钙

Paclobutrazol·prohexadione

calcium

悬浮剂Suspension concentrate调节生长Growth regulation1
), ArticleFig(id=1266746760073462164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Current registration status of biopesticide products for potato

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

农药类别Pesticide

category

分类

Classification

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

主要防治病虫害

及作用方式

Target pest/disease & mechanism

登记数量

Number of registrations

杀菌剂

Fungicide

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

枯草芽胞杆菌

Bacillus subtilis

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

晚疫病

Late blight

3

农用抗生素

Agricultural antibiotic

春雷霉素

Kasugamycin

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

黑胫病

Blackleg

5

农用抗生素

Agricultural antibiotic

中生菌素

Zhongshengmycin

可湿性粉剂、可溶液剂

Wettable powder, soluble

concentrate

黑胫病

Blackleg

2

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

香芹酚

Carvacrol

水剂

Aqueous suspension

晚疫病

Late blight

2

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

解淀粉芽胞杆菌QST713

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

strain QST713

悬浮剂

Suspension concentrate

疮痂病

Scab disease

1

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

嗜硫小红卵菌HNI-1

Rhodovulum sulfidophilum HN1-1

悬浮剂

Suspension concentrate

病毒病

Viral disease

1

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

木霉菌

Trichoderma

水分散粒剂

Water dispersible granule

晚疫病

Late blight

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

丁子香酚

Eugenol

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

晚疫病

Late blight

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

氨基寡糖素

Oligosaccharins

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

病毒病

Viral disease

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

甾烯醇

β-sitosterol

微乳剂

Microemulsion

病毒病

Viral disease

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

苦参碱

Matrine

水剂

Aqueous suspension

晚疫病

Late blight

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

苦参·牛至提取物

Matrine·carvacrol

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

晚疫病

Late blight

1

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

多黏菌·枯草菌

Paenibacillus polymyza·

Bacillus subtilis

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

晚疫病

Late blight

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

寡糖·链蛋白

Oligosaccharins·plant activator

protein

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

病毒病

Viral disease

1

杀虫剂

Insecticide

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

球孢白僵菌

Beauveria bassiana

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension

formulation

甲虫

Beetle

2

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

苏云金芽胞杆菌G033A

Bacillus thuringiensis G033A

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

甲虫

Beetle

1

农用抗生素

Agricultural antibiotic

阿维菌素

Abamectin

微乳剂

Microemulsion

根结线虫

Root knot nematode

1

植物生长

调节剂

Plant

growth

regulator

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

赤霉酸

Gibberellic acid

乳油、粉剂、可溶性粒剂、

结晶粉

Emulsifiable concentrate,

dust powder, soluble

granule, crystalline

powder

增产、苗齐

Increase production,

gather seedlings

20

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

氯化胆碱

Choline chloride

水剂、可溶液剂

Aqueous suspension,

soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

7

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

三十烷醇

Triacontanol

微乳剂

Microemulsion

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

丙酰芸苔素内酯

Brassinolide

水剂

Aqueous suspension

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

28-高芸·氯化胆

28-homobrassinolide·choline

chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

几丁聚糖·氯化胆碱

Chltosan·choline chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

苄氨·赤霉酸

6-benzylamino-purine·

gibberellic acid A4,A7

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

吲哚丁酸

4-indol-3-ylbutyric acid

水剂

Aqueous suspension

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

丙芸酯·氯化胆

Brassinolide·choline chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

苄氨基嘌呤·氯化胆碱

6-benzylamino-purine·

choline chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

24-表芸·三表芸

24-epibrassinolide·22,23,

24-trisepibrassinolide

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

硝钠·萘乙酸

Sodium nitrophenolate·

1-naphthyl acetic acid

悬浮剂

Suspension concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

24-表芸·氯化胆

24-epibrassinolide·choline

chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1
), ArticleFig(id=1266746760148959637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358857061122103, articleId=1266470531319620456, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

马铃薯生物农药产品登记现状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

农药类别Pesticide

category

分类

Classification

有效成分或组合

Active ingredient

剂型

Formulation type

主要防治病虫害

及作用方式

Target pest/disease & mechanism

登记数量

Number of registrations

杀菌剂

Fungicide

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

枯草芽胞杆菌

Bacillus subtilis

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

晚疫病

Late blight

3

农用抗生素

Agricultural antibiotic

春雷霉素

Kasugamycin

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

黑胫病

Blackleg

5

农用抗生素

Agricultural antibiotic

中生菌素

Zhongshengmycin

可湿性粉剂、可溶液剂

Wettable powder, soluble

concentrate

黑胫病

Blackleg

2

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

香芹酚

Carvacrol

水剂

Aqueous suspension

晚疫病

Late blight

2

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

解淀粉芽胞杆菌QST713

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

strain QST713

悬浮剂

Suspension concentrate

疮痂病

Scab disease

1

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

嗜硫小红卵菌HNI-1

Rhodovulum sulfidophilum HN1-1

悬浮剂

Suspension concentrate

病毒病

Viral disease

1

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

木霉菌

Trichoderma

水分散粒剂

Water dispersible granule

晚疫病

Late blight

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

丁子香酚

Eugenol

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

晚疫病

Late blight

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

氨基寡糖素

Oligosaccharins

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

病毒病

Viral disease

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

甾烯醇

β-sitosterol

微乳剂

Microemulsion

病毒病

Viral disease

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

苦参碱

Matrine

水剂

Aqueous suspension

晚疫病

Late blight

1

植物源农药

Botanical pesticide

苦参·牛至提取物

Matrine·carvacrol

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

晚疫病

Late blight

1

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

多黏菌·枯草菌

Paenibacillus polymyza·

Bacillus subtilis

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

晚疫病

Late blight

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

寡糖·链蛋白

Oligosaccharins·plant activator

protein

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

病毒病

Viral disease

1

杀虫剂

Insecticide

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

球孢白僵菌

Beauveria bassiana

可分散油悬浮剂

Dispersible oil suspension

formulation

甲虫

Beetle

2

微生物农药

Microbial pesticides

苏云金芽胞杆菌G033A

Bacillus thuringiensis G033A

可湿性粉剂

Wettable powder

甲虫

Beetle

1

农用抗生素

Agricultural antibiotic

阿维菌素

Abamectin

微乳剂

Microemulsion

根结线虫

Root knot nematode

1

植物生长

调节剂

Plant

growth

regulator

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

赤霉酸

Gibberellic acid

乳油、粉剂、可溶性粒剂、

结晶粉

Emulsifiable concentrate,

dust powder, soluble

granule, crystalline

powder

增产、苗齐

Increase production,

gather seedlings

20

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

氯化胆碱

Choline chloride

水剂、可溶液剂

Aqueous suspension,

soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

7

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

三十烷醇

Triacontanol

微乳剂

Microemulsion

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

丙酰芸苔素内酯

Brassinolide

水剂

Aqueous suspension

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

28-高芸·氯化胆

28-homobrassinolide·choline

chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

几丁聚糖·氯化胆碱

Chltosan·choline chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

苄氨·赤霉酸

6-benzylamino-purine·

gibberellic acid A4,A7

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

2

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

吲哚丁酸

4-indol-3-ylbutyric acid

水剂

Aqueous suspension

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

丙芸酯·氯化胆

Brassinolide·choline chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

苄氨基嘌呤·氯化胆碱

6-benzylamino-purine·

choline chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

24-表芸·三表芸

24-epibrassinolide·22,23,

24-trisepibrassinolide

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

硝钠·萘乙酸

Sodium nitrophenolate·

1-naphthyl acetic acid

悬浮剂

Suspension concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1

生物化学农药

Biochemical pesticide

24-表芸·氯化胆

24-epibrassinolide·choline

chloride

可溶液剂

Soluble concentrate

调节生长

Growth regulation

1
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我国马铃薯农药登记现状及存在问题与建议
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李羽贺 1 , 刘文杰 1 , 李世贵 2 , 高玉林 3 , 司怀军 2 , 王晓丹 1
植物保护学报 | 文献综述 2026,53(2): 317-329
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植物保护学报 |文献综述 2026 , 53 (2) : 317 -329
我国马铃薯农药登记现状及存在问题与建议
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李羽贺1, 刘文杰1, 李世贵2, 高玉林3, 司怀军2, 王晓丹1
作者信息
  • 1.中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京 100193
  • 2.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州 730070
  • 3.中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京 100193
通讯作者:
Current status, challenges, and recommendations for pesticide registration in potato production in China
Yuhe Li1, Wenjie Liu1, Shigui Li2, Yulin Gao3, Huaijun Si2, Xiaodan Wang1
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • 2.College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
  • 3.Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
出版时间: 2026-04-30 doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025148
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马铃薯Solanum tuberosum是我国重要的粮食作物,其安全生产受晚疫病、早疫病、黑痣病、黑胫病、蛴螬、蚜虫及杂草等有害生物的严重威胁,因此,科学合理使用农药对于有效保障马铃薯的产量与品质具有重要意义。截至2025年3月20日,我国登记用于马铃薯的农药产品共804个,其中杀菌剂497个,除草剂128个,杀虫剂109个,以及植物生长调节剂70个。该文通过分析马铃薯农药登记现状,讨论现存问题,并提出优化建议,以期为马铃薯病虫害防治、农药合理使用及产业可持续发展提供有力支撑。

马铃薯  /  农药登记  /  病虫害  /  登记现状  /  问题与建议

Potato Solanum tuberosum is a cornerstone food crop in China. However, its production is significantly compromised by various pests and diseases, including late blight, early blight, black scurf, blackleg, grubs, aphids, and weeds. Consequently, the scientific and judicious application of pesticides is essential for ensuring both yield and quality. As of March 20, 2025, a total of 804 pesticide products have been registered in China for potato cultivation, comprising 497 fungicides, 128 herbicides, 109 insecticides, and 70 plant growth regulators. This review evaluates the current status of these registrations, identifies the prevailing challenges, and proposes optimization strategies to enhance integrated pest management, promote the rational use of pesticides, and facilitate the sustainable development of the potato industry.

potato  /  pesticide registration  /  pest and disease  /  registration status  /  challenge and recommendation
李羽贺, 刘文杰, 李世贵, 高玉林, 司怀军, 王晓丹. 我国马铃薯农药登记现状及存在问题与建议. 植物保护学报, 2026 , 53 (2) : 317 -329 . DOI: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025148
Yuhe Li, Wenjie Liu, Shigui Li, Yulin Gao, Huaijun Si, Xiaodan Wang. Current status, challenges, and recommendations for pesticide registration in potato production in China[J]. Journal of Plant Protection, 2026 , 53 (2) : 317 -329 . DOI: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025148
马铃薯Solanum tuberosum是重要的粮食作物之一,在全球159个国家和地区都有种植,种植面积约为2 000万hm2金小川和霍建强,2025)。联合国粮农组织数据显示,马铃薯已经成为我国第四大粮食作物(柏新娣,2025),在居民膳食结构优化和畜牧业饲料供给中具有不可替代的战略地位。随着人口增长和消费结构升级,国内马铃薯需求量持续增长。当前我国马铃薯种植面积不断增大,已成为马铃薯的第一生产大国,但是我国马铃薯单位面积产量远低于一些发达国家,甚至低于世界平均水平(徐进等,2019),而病虫害威胁是影响马铃薯产量和质量的关键问题之一(刘芳明和赵强,2025)。
根据对我国马铃薯优势产区的检测与普查,目前我国马铃薯生产上的主要病虫害有27种,主要病害有晚疫病、早疫病、黑痣病、疮痂病和黑胫病等,主要虫害包括蛴螬、蚜虫、马铃薯块茎蛾Phthorimaea operculella和二十八星瓢虫Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata等,这些病虫害造成的产量损失在10%~30%之间,严重流行时可达50%,甚至绝产(徐进等,2019)。
目前,我国针对马铃薯病虫害的防治已由化学防治转向综合防治策略。农业农村部于2025年发布的《粮食作物重大病虫害防控技术方案》强调大力推进绿色防控,优先采用抗病品种或优质脱毒种薯,应用种薯处理等技术,根据病虫害发生监测结果,综合防治,科学用药,提高防控效果。农业农村部于2025年修订并发布了《农药登记管理办法》(修订版)及第925号公告,文件进一步强化了农药的合规性要求,严厉管控高毒、高风险农药,推行电子证照管理和农药溯源二维码制度,并为生物农药等绿色环保产品开辟了“绿色通道”审评审批。国家政策的出台和实施正加速推动马铃薯用药结构向低毒、低残留和环境友好型转型。在绿色植保技术应用方面,生物防治与物理防控正成为研究热点。当前,木霉菌Trichoderma、枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis等生物菌剂和苦参碱、丁子香酚等生物农药对马铃薯晚疫病有很好的防治及增产效果,已在生产中大面积使用(赵常安等,2015张茂明等,2021)。木霉菌、枯草芽胞杆菌等杀菌剂对马铃薯黑痣病展现出显著的防治潜力(赵远征等,2020)。此外,新型高效生防菌株的开发也取得了重要进展。例如,从健康马铃薯根际筛选出的多黏类芽胞杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa JYC1217,展现出显著的广谱抑菌活性及多重生防性状(黄勋等,2024);而在针对马铃薯蚜虫等害虫的防治中,赤眼蜂等天敌生物的释放以及性诱捕技术的规模化应用,显著提升了防控的生态效益(刘芳明和赵强,2025)。
本文以我国已登记的马铃薯农药产品为对象,分析目前登记现状,并提出存在的问题和建议,以期为马铃薯病虫草害防控技术的优化和产品创新提供依据,对推动我国马铃薯产业高质量发展具有一定意义。
根据中国农药信息网的数据,截至2025年3月20日,我国登记在有效期内用于马铃薯的化学农药共735个,其中杀菌剂475个,占比64.63%,居首位;其次是除草剂,共计128个,占比17.41%;杀虫剂105个,占比14.29%;植物生长调节剂27个,占比3.67%。
数据显示,近十年马铃薯化学农药登记数量开始增多,但多数为国内企业登记,国外企业登记较少,其中2018年登记的国外产品最多,有11个,其余年份均低于6个,2023年仅有1个登记的国外产品,2025年甚至没有新登记的国外农药产品(图1),说明马铃薯化学农药已趋于国产化。2016—2018年马铃薯化学农药登记数量呈明显上升趋势,从2016年的38个增加到2018年的105个,2019年下降至14个,这可能是由于2019年新修订《农药管理条例》的实施提高了登记门槛,导致企业产品登记成本增加、难度加大,使得当年马铃薯农药登记数量大幅下降(李洋,2020)。2020—2021年农药登记数量有所回升,2021年达到90个,但2022—2023年又降至较低水平,这可能是由于2022年农业农村部进一步规范农药登记管理办法,对环境影响和风险评估提出更高要求,使得农药登记难度增大(罗子罗珑和李洋,2023)。因此,总体而言,2016年至今十年间我国马铃薯化学农药登记总量显著提升,农药国产化趋势明显。
截至当前,我国马铃薯杀菌剂登记产品共475个,为马铃薯农药登记的第一大类,占所有农药产品的64.89%,有单剂与混剂两类。单剂产品213个,包括氟啶胺、嘧菌酯、代森锰锌等35种有效成分,其中氟啶胺、嘧菌酯及代森锰锌等前10种成分占比达77.93%,这种高度同质化的现象表明大量登记是围绕少数几个经过市场验证的经典成分进行剂型调整或简单复配,而非基于新作用机理的原创性研发。混剂产品262个,以噻呋·嘧菌酯、霜脲·氰霜唑等组合为主,部分产品如氟酰胺·嘧菌酯·噻虫嗪被归类为杀菌/杀虫复配制剂(表1)。
总体来看,马铃薯病害的农药产品主要针对晚疫病,共有339个,占比高达67.79%,这种高度集中的登记现状与该病害的流行特性紧密相关。晚疫病是由致病疫霉Phytophthora infestans引起的一种典型病害,具有暴发性、流行性和毁灭性的特点。在温凉多湿的气候条件下,病原菌孢子扩散极快,能在短时间内造成大面积流行。我国马铃薯主产区晚疫病的发生流行通常与雨季重合,防控压力巨大,在晚疫病流行严重时,产量损失可达50%,甚至绝产(李洁等,2021)。因此,庞大的防治需求直接催生了巨大的市场空间,吸引了大量企业围绕晚疫病进行产品布局。其次,在防治真菌性病害中,防控黑痣病和早疫病的农药登记数量分别为81个和67个;而针对细菌性病害环腐病和黑胫病的防控药剂产品分别为7个和4个;针对病毒病和疮痂病的登记药剂产品各只有1个。环腐病、黑胫病与疮痂病作为危害严重的土传病害,登记数量极其匮乏,这可能是由于土传病害的病原菌可长期潜伏于土壤中,其防控难度高于地上部病害,导致研发周期长、难度大。
登记药剂产品的特征突出表现为低毒化趋势,这与国家农药产业政策导向和农产品质量安全要求相符。大多登记药剂产品均为微毒或低毒级别,20个产品登记为中毒,无高毒产品。施用方式以叶面喷雾为主,而针对种传和土传病害的拌种、浸种、沟施等更为精准、从源头防控的施药方式配套产品较少。反映了当前防治策略仍以“见病施药”的抢救式治疗为主,而非“预防为主”的综合管理。
截至当前,我国马铃薯杀虫剂登记产品共105个,有单剂与混剂两类。单剂产品66个,包括氟啶虫酰胺、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺、高效氯氰菊酯和噻唑膦等15种有效成分,其中有效成分为氟啶虫酰胺、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺的产品有46个,占单剂总数的69.70%。混剂产品39个,包括12种复配方式,其中噻虫·氟氯氰、氯虫·噻虫胺的登记数目最多,分别为16个和11个,占混剂总数的69.23%(表2)。这体现了行业试图通过复配来扩大杀虫谱、提高防效并延缓抗性的思路,但也同样存在配方创新不足、重复登记的问题。
防治对象主要为蛴螬和蚜虫。其中防治蛴螬的药剂产品有49个(单剂16个,混剂33个),占产品总数的46.67%;防治蚜虫的药剂产品有44个(单剂39个,混剂5个),占产品总数的41.90%,说明研发和登记资源在市场驱动下的倾斜,但也可能使次要害虫如二十八星瓢虫、根结线虫、马铃薯块茎蛾等在缺乏防治措施的情况下逐渐上升为主要害虫。
产品剂型以悬浮剂和颗粒剂为主,分别为46个和38个,此外还有可分散粉剂、乳油及其他剂型。产品毒性主要以微毒和低毒为主,分别为15个和84个,中毒产品有2个,高毒产品有1个,无剧毒产品。施用方式包括喷雾、沟施、拌种、灌根及撒施等,分别对应42、39、21、2和1个产品,呈现出了地上喷雾与地下处理并重的格局。喷雾针对地上部害虫,沟施和拌种则针对性防控地下和苗期害虫,特别是拌种技术更是体现了从种薯环节入手、早期预防、减少后期用药的绿色防控理念。
截至当前,我国马铃薯除草剂登记产品共128个,有单剂与混剂两类。单剂登记产品65个,包括砜嘧磺隆、二甲戊灵、敌草快、灭草松、精异丙甲草胺、乙草胺、嗪草酮、烯草酮、高效氟吡甲禾灵、噁草酸、丙炔噁草酮11种有效成分。其中有效成分为砜嘧磺隆、二甲戊灵、敌草快、灭草松的药剂产品有41个,占单剂总数的63.08%,它们分别满足了苗后除草、苗前土壤封闭、催枯和苗后防除阔叶草这四大核心需求。混剂登记产品有63个,共有20个组合,以砜嘧·精喹、砜·喹·嗪草酮、砜嘧·高氟吡、嗪酮·乙草胺、嗪·烯·砜嘧和砜嘧隆·高氟吡·嗪草酮为主,占混剂总数的63.49%(表3)。
在防治对象方面,防治一年生杂草的农药产品共101个,占总数的78.91%,这与马铃薯的农艺特点相符。苗期是马铃薯对杂草最敏感的阶段,此时杂草如果大量生长,会迅速抢夺土壤中的养分、水分和光照,严重影响后期块茎的发育和最终产量。若控制住苗期杂草就能为马铃薯封垄赢得时间,后期马铃薯强大的冠层能抑制杂草。因此,资源集中用于解决最主要的一年生杂草问题,符合经济效益和农艺规律。除此之外,还登记有用于防治阔叶杂草、一年生禾本科杂草及多年生禾本科杂草的农药产品。
产品剂型方面以乳油、可分散油悬浮剂为主,分别有42个和43个,占总数的66.41%。前者含有大量苯类、醇类等有机溶剂,存在易燃、易产生药害、污染环境等缺点,后者虽比乳油先进,但存在成本较高、稳定性不佳等问题,反映出马铃薯除草剂在剂型创新和绿色化转型方面进展缓慢的问题。在毒性方面趋于低毒化趋势,低毒产品有117个,微毒产品有10个。在施用方式上,128个产品皆以喷雾喷施,虽然方便,但在干旱或大风天气下效果不佳。
截至当前,我国马铃薯植物生长调节剂登记产品共27个,说明在我国马铃薯生产中,植物生长调节剂的应用处于初级阶段,其价值和潜力远未被充分认识和开发。其中单剂登记产品19个,包括氯苯胺灵、敌草快、调环酸钙、甲哌鎓、噻苯隆及氯化血红素6种有效成分;混剂登记产品8个,包括氯胆·萘乙酸、抗倒酯·调环酸钙及多效唑·调环酸钙3种组合(表4)。
在作用方式上,有13个产品的作用为调节生长,有9个产品的作用为抑制出芽,催枯剂作用的有5个产品,说明产品功能以采后处理和基础促长为主,几乎没有专门用于调控马铃薯关键生理过程的产品。在剂型方面,有可溶液剂、水剂、热雾剂、粉剂、水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂及其他剂型,产品分别有7、4、6、2、2、2和4个,剂型虽多,但如悬浮剂、微胶囊剂这类现代化、高效、环保的剂型占比低。在施用方式上,有喷雾和撒施2种方式,登记产品分别有26个和1个,这限制了调节剂应用场景。对于马铃薯这种地下结薯的作物,土壤处理、种薯处理等能将调节剂更精准输送至作用部位的施药方式,但目前没有登记产品。毒性方面呈现低毒化趋势,有微毒产品2个,低毒产品25个,无中毒、高毒、剧毒产品。
生物农药是指直接利用活体生物或其代谢产物,对有害生物进行防控的产品(韩锦等,2025)。近年来,随着国家绿色发展和农业产业需求,我国生物农药取得长足发展,在实际生产中发挥着越来越重要的作用。目前我国对生物农药分类没有统一,市面上主要分为五大类,主要为微生物农药、植物源农药、生物化学农药、农用抗生素及天敌生物。本文对中国农药信息网上有关马铃薯的生物农药登记进行了统计和分析。数据显示,截至2025年3月20日,我国登记在有效期内马铃薯上的生物农药共69个,仅占登记总数的8.58%,其中植物生长调节剂43个,占比为62.32%(表5),其功能更接近于传统的生长调控,而非针对病虫害的防治。尽管“绿色发展”已成为国家战略,但当前用于防治病虫害登记产品仅有26个,生物农药在马铃薯这一重要作物上的产业化应用仍处于初步阶段。
值得一提的是,马铃薯疮痂病作为一种重要的土传病害,目前化学农药仅登记有春雷霉素与喹啉铜的复配制剂春雷·喹啉铜,生物农药已登记嗜硫小红卵菌Rhodovulum sulfidophilum HNI-1菌株。同样防治黑胫病和病毒病的化学农药仅有4个和1个,而生物农药分别登记了7个和3个,表明生物农药在防治疮痂病、病毒病、黑胫病上的应用潜力。针对马铃薯甲虫这一防治难度极大的有害生物,目前仅有1个化学农药产品登记,而生物农药则有3个产品登记,包括球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana、苏云金芽胞杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis G033A及阿维菌素。研究显示,马铃薯甲虫对现有所有已登记的化学农药产生抗性,通常化学农药使用2~3年后会产生抗性(郭文超等,2011),说明在应对此类高抗性风险的有害生物方面,生物农药具有显著优势。
当前我国登记的马铃薯农药呈现出显著的有效成分集中现象。比如杀菌剂里氟啶胺、嘧菌酯及代森锰锌等前10种成分占比达77.93%;杀虫剂中氟啶虫酰胺、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺的单剂产品占单剂总数的69.70%;除草剂里砜嘧磺隆、二甲戊灵、敌草快、灭草松的单剂占单剂总数的63.08%;植物生长调节剂中氯苯胺灵、敌草快的单剂占单剂总数的73.68%。以上数据表明,我国马铃薯农药登记存在明显同质化问题。各类农药均呈现出少数核心成分支撑多数产品的格局,反映了市场对部分成分的过度依赖,也凸显出农药产品在作用机理、配方创新等方面的不足。这种高度集中的产品结构可能影响综合防治策略的实施效果,也不利于应对复杂多变的田间病虫草害发生情况。其根源在于:第一,企业对成熟成分进行仿制、复配的策略降低了研发风险和成本;第二,农药登记政策对新作用机理产品的激励不足;第三,农户对已验证防效产品的保守选择等。
生物农药是以生物活性成分为基础开发的植保产品,具有生态友好性高、靶向性强、残留风险低等优势(潘家新等,2025)。目前在马铃薯上共登记69个生物农药产品,主要包括微生物农药、植物源农药以及生物化学农药,仅占马铃薯农药登记总数的8.58%。生物农药产品严重缺乏,这一现象的形成是多方面的:首先,微生物农药等防治型产品的研发存在技术门槛高、生产工艺复杂等挑战,企业倾向于开发技术相对成熟的生物化学调节剂,导致结构性失衡。其次,虽然政策大力倡导绿色防控,但化学农药在防治效率、成本控制和效果可预期性等方面仍具显著优势,导致生物农药市场难以打开。最后,即使嗜硫小红卵菌HNI-1在防治疮痂病、球孢白僵菌在防治甲虫等方面展现出良好潜力,但也普遍面临农民认知不足、使用技术要求高、配套技术服务缺失等推广壁垒。
在马铃薯农药剂型方面,部分传统剂型仍占主导,如除草剂中乳油和可分散油悬浮剂占66.41%,且存在环境污染等问题。绿色农药制剂不仅要求农药原药绿色化,还要求使用绿色助剂。符合绿色农药的剂型有微乳剂、水乳剂、微胶囊剂等(陈蔚林等,2004)。近年来,随着科技进步,农药剂型领域不断创新,例如纳米化剂型是纳米农药的核心载体,不仅可提升制剂安全性与田间防效,还能降低单位面积施用量(雷津美等,2024),能显著降低环境残留风险。
在施药技术上,叶面喷雾占据绝对主导地位,而针对种薯处理、土壤消毒等从源头防控土传病害和地下害虫的拌种、沟施、灌根等精准施药技术,其产品和技术应用远未普及。这种“重叶面、轻土壤”“重治疗、轻预防”的施药模式,导致农药利用率低,难以满足现代农业精准、减量、高效的要求。
马铃薯土传病害是生产中的主要难题,其病原菌可长期潜伏于土壤中并适时从根茎部侵染,从而导致产量受损和块茎商品品质下降(汪沛等,2014)。马铃薯土传病害主要为黑胫病、青枯病、黄萎病、疮痂病、粉痂病和干腐病等(李洪浩等,2021)。土传病害严重影响马铃薯的品质和产量,一般土传病害侵染减产为20%~30%,严重时可达50%~60%,甚至绝收(付艳慧等,2021),因此对土传病害防控药剂的市场需求量很大。然而,针对此类病害的农药登记产品数量不足,现有登记农药多集中于地上部病害,而可选择的土传病害防治药剂有限。当前登记缺口可能导致农户过于依赖单一化学药剂或连作管理,不仅加剧抗药性风险,还可能引发区域性病害暴发,制约马铃薯产业发展。疮痂病是马铃薯上的一种重要土传病害,除轮作和种植抗病品种等农业措施之外,生产中缺少防控药剂,防治困难(聂峰杰,2024)。生物农药已登记用于防治疮痂病的嗜硫小红卵菌株,该菌剂可能在疮痂病防控方面具有特效,未来可考虑利用有益微生物来防治疮痂病。
针对环腐病、病毒病、疮痂病及甲虫、白粉虱、根结线虫等防治农药产品匮乏的病虫害,可设立马铃薯专项药剂创新基金,优先资助具有全新作用机理或针对上述登记空白病害的产品研发。对成功登记并上市的创新产品,可给予延长登记保护期、减免登记费用等政策倾斜。同时,鼓励研发能同时防治土传病害与地下害虫的多功能种薯处理剂,契合马铃薯播种环节集中处理的农事习惯。
随着人们环保意识提升,对绿色可持续农业的需求也逐渐增长(余易兰,2025)。为顺应这一趋势,鼓励研发和登记生物农药尤为重要。建议以马铃薯主要产区的农业合作社为依托,设立生物农药集成应用示范区,对使用登记生物农药防治疮痂病、黑胫病等疑难病害的农户给予直接补贴。同时,将生物农药纳入马铃薯绿色食品、有机产品认证的强制性用药清单,从市场需求拉动生物农药的应用。在登记环节,对防治马铃薯主要病虫害的生物农药产品,开设绿色审批通道,将评审时限缩短至常规化学农药的50%。对于已显现出防治潜力的产品,如球孢白僵菌、嗜硫小红卵菌HNI-1,应支持企业开发与马铃薯播种环节相配套的颗粒剂型或种薯处理专用剂型,提升施用便利性。
针对晚疫病、蚜虫等主要病虫害抗性风险,应尽快建立以省级为单位的马铃薯主要病虫害抗药性监测网络,每年发布抗性监测报告。基于监测数据,为不同生态区制订差异化的病害药剂轮换清单。
针对马铃薯除草剂中乳油等传统剂型占比过高的问题,应设立剂型绿色化改造专项,支持企业将现有砜嘧磺隆、二甲戊灵等主要成分改造为更环保的微胶囊悬浮剂、大粒剂等剂型,此外由于马铃薯晚疫病发生期间,正值雨水旺盛时期,防控压力巨大,可通过添加特种助剂或采用微胶囊技术,使药剂在雨季仍能保持足够防效。
推广精准施药技术,如无人机施药技术等,提高农药利用率,减少浪费和环境污染。设立绿色农药技术培训基地,定期组织马铃薯种植户、农药销售人员和技术人员进行培训。同时,在马铃薯种植区建立绿色农药技术示范田,示范包括播前土壤消毒、种薯精准处理等在内的全程精准施药技术体系。
实现快速、精准的作物病害检测,是推动农业生产与科研发展的关键。通过准确诊断病因与受害程度,来精确控制药量,从而达到减药与高效防治的双重目标(张德荣等,2019)。近年来,智能化测报工具发展迅猛,以物联网技术为核心,开发了自动虫情测报灯、病菌孢子捕捉仪、性诱实时监控系统等工具,实现了害虫种类和数量、病菌孢子动态及田间小气候的远程实时监测(刘万才,2017)。
马铃薯晚疫病实时预警系统是最早开始试验和推广应用的,主要是基于气象条件以及晚疫病菌的生长特点对马铃薯晚疫病进行预测预报(谢开云和车兴壁,2001)。这一技术在地方实践中已展现出显著潜力。例如,贵州省通过建立跨部门协作机制,在全省范围内部署了71台田间气象站,并将其全部接入数字化预警发布平台,这种集成的监测网络显著提升了晚疫病的防控时效,在实际生产中取得了良好的防治效果(马中正等,2020)。
基于此,建议进一步整合现有的预测预报资源,构建马铃薯晚疫病等重大病虫害智能预警平台,实现气象数据、田间监测数据与防治决策模型的融合。该平台可开发面向种植户的手机应用,提供基于位置的实时预警和精准施药推荐。同时,可在北方种薯生产区等关键区域,建设马铃薯病虫害远程诊断与防控指导系统,通过图像识别等技术帮助农户快速识别疑难病虫害,并结合平台数据生成个性化防控方案。目前,以物联网、移动互联、云计算、大数据和人工智能为代表的现代信息技术正推动植保信息化向智慧植保新阶段迈进。在此背景下,马铃薯病虫害的防控将日益依赖高度集成的预测预报系统实现减药增效与绿色可持续发展(毛彦芝等,2025)。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1700700)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金
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2026年第53卷第2期
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doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025148
  • 接收时间:2025-10-24
  • 首发时间:2026-05-27
  • 出版时间:2026-04-30
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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-24
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国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1700700)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金
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    1.中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京 100193
    2.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州 730070
    3.中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京 100193

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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