中南林业科技大学学报

森林生物多样性及多功能性与生态系统稳定性关系研究进展

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周彦君 ¹^,² , 宋沼鹏 ¹ , 李博文 ² , 宋杰 ³ , 苟密红 ³ , 赵俪茗 ³ , 刘勇波 ¹^,²

中南林业科技大学学报 | 生态学 2026,46(5): 114-126

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中南林业科技大学学报 |生态学 2026 , 46 (5) : 114 -126

森林生物多样性及多功能性与生态系统稳定性关系研究进展

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周彦君¹^,², 宋沼鹏¹, 李博文², 宋杰³, 苟密红³, 赵俪茗³, 刘勇波¹^,²

作者信息

^1.中国环境科学研究院　生态环境部区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室，北京　100012

^2.兰州大学　生态学院，甘肃　兰州　730000

^3.河北省大海陀国家级自然保护区管理处，河北　张家口　075500

通讯作者:

刘勇波（liuyb@craes.org.cn），研究员，博士，博士研究生导师。

作者简介:

周彦君（2021951537@qq.com），硕士研究生。

Research advances in relationships among biodiversity, multifunctionality and ecosystem stability in forests

Yanjun ZHOU¹^,², Zhaopeng SONG¹, Bowen LI², Jie SONG³, Mihong GOU³, Liming ZHAO³, Yongbo LIU¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.MEE Key Laboratory of Regional Ecological Processes and Functions Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

^2.College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

^3.Management Office of the Dahaituo National Nature Reserve in Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou 075500, Hebei, China

出版时间: 2026-05-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.05.012

文章导航

摘要

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在全球气候变化与生物多样性丧失的背景下，理解生物多样性与森林生态系统稳定性对维持生态平衡和生态系统服务功能至关重要。传统研究多聚焦于单一功能或稳定性指标，难以揭示生态系统发生动态变化的机制。生物多样性主要通过功能冗余和异步性响应环境波动等机制提升多功能性，进而增强生态系统对干扰的抵抗力与恢复力，即生态系统稳定性。然而，生物多样性、多功能性与生态系统稳定性关系受到多种因素的交互影响，其内在机理仍不清楚。本文系统梳理了森林生态系统稳定性作为关键纽带的“生物多样性-稳定性-多功能性”协同框架；生物多样性与稳定性之间存在互补效应、选择效应、正反馈作用、负反馈作用等机制；多功能系统通过功能冗余、功能多样性、功能协同与权衡以及空间异质性和时间动态性等方面来提升生态系统稳定性；生物多样性和多功能性与生态系统稳定性之间的关系表现在地上-地下互作、多营养级网络等关键机制。通过增加生物多样性和多功能性来提升生态系统稳定性，以应对气候变化等因素，对推动生态系统保护、恢复与可持续发展具有重要的理论与实践价值。

关键词

森林生态系统 / 生态系统多功能性 / 互补效应 / 选择效应 / 互馈机制

Abstract

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In the context of global climate change and biodiversity loss, understanding the relationship between biodiversity and the stability of forest ecosystems is crucial in maintaining ecological balance and ecosystem services and functions. Most studies have mainly focused on single function or stability indicators, making it difficult to comprehensively reveal the complex mechanisms of ecosystem dynamics. Biological diversity enhances multifunctionality mainly through mechanisms such as functional redundancy and asynchronous responding to environmental fluctuations, thereby increasing the resistance and resilience of ecosystems to disturbances. However, this relationship of biodiversity-stability is influenced by multiple interacting factors, and its underlying mechanisms remain controversial and unclear. This study systematically examines a “biodiversity-stability-multifunctionality” collaborative framework, with forest ecosystem stability as the critical nexus. The mechanisms between biodiversity and stability are complementary effects, selective pressures, positive feedback mechanisms, and negative feedback. Multifunctional systems enhance ecosystem stability through functional redundancy, diversity, synergy, trade-offs, spatial heterogeneity, and temporal dynamics. The relationships among biodiversity, multifunctionality, and ecosystem stability are manifested through key mechanisms such as aboveground-underground interactions and multi-trophic-level networks. Increasing biodiversity and multifunctionality to improve ecosystem stability holds significant theoretical and practical values for promoting ecosystem conservation, restoration, and sustainable development in response to climate change and other factors in the future.

Key words

forest ecosystem / ecosystem multifunctionality / complementary effects / selection effects / feedback mechanism

引用本文

周彦君, 宋沼鹏, 李博文, 宋杰, 苟密红, 赵俪茗, 刘勇波. 森林生物多样性及多功能性与生态系统稳定性关系研究进展. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (5) : 114 -126 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.05.012

Yanjun ZHOU, Zhaopeng SONG, Bowen LI, Jie SONG, Mihong GOU, Liming ZHAO, Yongbo LIU. Research advances in relationships among biodiversity, multifunctionality and ecosystem stability in forests[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (5) : 114 -126 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.05.012

基金

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国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFF1307604)

参考文献

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2026年第46卷第5期

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doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.05.012

接收时间：2026-01-26
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-05-25

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收稿日期：2026-01-26
修回日期：2026-03-06

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国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFF1307604)

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^1.中国环境科学研究院　生态环境部区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室，北京　100012

^2.兰州大学　生态学院，甘肃　兰州　730000

^3.河北省大海陀国家级自然保护区管理处，河北　张家口　075500

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刘勇波（liuyb@craes.org.cn），研究员，博士，博士研究生导师。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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