中南林业科技大学学报

不同短截方式对油茶春梢叶片生长发育和养分动态的影响

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游芳 ¹ , 唐徐一 ¹ , 雷小林 ² , 吴安琪 ² , 胡冬南 ¹ , 陈明鸿 ² , 曹冰 ² , 张盛霖 ³

中南林业科技大学学报 | 林学 2026,46(10): 61-71

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中南林业科技大学学报 |林学 2026 , 46 (10) : 61 -71

不同短截方式对油茶春梢叶片生长发育和养分动态的影响

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游芳¹, 唐徐一¹, 雷小林², 吴安琪², 胡冬南¹, 陈明鸿², 曹冰², 张盛霖³

作者信息

^1.江西农业大学　林学院，江西　南昌　330045

^2.江西省林业科学院，江西　南昌　330013

^3.峡江县林木良种场，江西　吉安　331409

通讯作者:

雷小林（1006801524@qq.com），研究员，博士

吴安琪（Anqi_wu1996@163.com），助理研究员，博士。

作者简介:

游芳（1472604362@qq.com），硕士研究生。

Effects of different short-cut methods on growth, development and nutrient dynamics of spring shoot leaves of Camellia oleifera

Fang You¹, Xuyi Tang¹, Xiaolin Lei², Anqi Wu², Dongnan Hu¹, Minghong Chen², Bing Cao², Shenglin Zhang³

Affiliations

^1.College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China

^2.Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China

^3.Xiajiang County Forest Seed Farm, Ji'an 331409, Jiangxi, China

出版时间: 2026-10-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.005

文章导航

摘要

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【目的】

探究不同短截修剪方式下成年油茶林春梢叶片生长发育及养分动态特征的变化，为油茶修剪技术的优化应用提供理论依据。

【方法】

试验地设于江西省吉安市峡江县水边镇峡江县林木良种场，对该地14年生‘长林53号’油茶设置5种短截修剪处理：[45°不留茬（D-X0）、45°留茬1 cm（D-X1）、90°不留茬（D-P0）、90°留茬1 cm（D-P1）、对照组不修剪（D-CK）]，研究其对春梢生长阶段内叶片生长性状、营养元素及非结构性碳水化合物（NSC）含量的影响。

【结果】

1）不同短截处理下春梢及叶片形态差异显著，其中以D-X0处理效果最为显著；在养分规律上，全氮在D-X0、D-X1及D-P1处理下显著提高，而全磷、全钾在各短截方式下均呈不同程度增幅；中微量元素在各短截处理下规律各异；NSC在各短截方式下均呈积累趋势；2）时间动态上，春梢形态指标在10~30 d阶段内呈快速生长趋势，之后趋缓；大量元素、镁（Mg）、铁（Fe）含量均呈先降后升趋势，在30 d为含量谷值，钙（Ca）含量持续上升，铜（Cu）含量呈逐步下降趋势，锌（Zn）含量先急剧下降后趋于平缓；NSC呈先升后降趋势，各处理下均在30 d为含量峰值；3）由结构方程模型（SEM）可知，D-X0处理通过叶片大量元素和NSC正向影响叶片生长性状。

【结论】

D-X0处理对叶片生长性状、大量元素及NSC的积累起显著的促进作用，且通过大量元素和NSC正向调控叶片生长。此外，春梢发育及营养物质呈现显著的时序动态，其中30 d为关键时间节点。

关键词

油茶 / 短截 / 春梢 / 生长性状 / 营养元素

Abstract

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【Objective】

The growth and nutrient dynamic properties of spring shoot leaves in mature Camellia oleifera forests under various short-cut pruning techniques were examined in this study.

【Method】

Xiajiang County forest seed farm, Shuibian Town, Xiajiang County, Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province was the location of the experimental site. For Camellia oleifera No.53, a 14-year-old growth forest in this location, five different short-cut pruning treatments were established: [45° no stubble (D-X0), 45° stubble 1 cm (D-X1), 90° no stubble (D-P0), 90° stubble 1 cm (D-P1), control group without pruning (D-CK)]. During the spring shoot growth stage, the effects of various pruning techniques on leaf growth characteristics, nutritional components, and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content were investigated.

【Result】

1) Significant morphological differences were observed in spring shoots and leaves under different short-cutting treatments, with the D-X0 treatment yielding the most pronounced effects. Regarding nutrient patterns, the nitrogen (N) levels significantly increased under D-X0, D-X1, and D-P1 treatments, while the phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) showed varying degrees of increase across all pruning methods. Trace elements exhibited distinct patterns across short-cutting treatments; the NSC showed an accumulative trend under all short-cutting methods; 2) In terms of temporal dynamics, the morphological indexes of spring shoot showed a rapid growth trend from the 10th to the 30th day and then slowed down; the concentrations of macronutrients, magnesiumMg) and iron (Fe) all followed a patern of initially decreasing and then increasing, and the content valley value was at the 30th. The calcium (Ca) content continued to climb, the copper (Cu) content exhibited a declining trend, while the zinc (Zn) content first dropped rapidly before leveling out; and the NSC showed an initial rise followed by a decline, the content peaked on the 30th under each reatment; 3) Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicates that the D-X0 treatment exerts a positive influence on leaf growth traits via the macronutrients and NSC in the leaves.

【Conclusion】

D-X0 treatment favorably regulated leaf growth through macroelements and NSC, and it had the most stimulating influence on leaf growth features, macroelements, and NSC accumulation. Additionally, there were notable temporal dynamics in the development of spring shoots and nutrients, with the 30th day serving as the critical time node.

Key words

Camellia oleifera / short-cutting / spring shoot / growth traits / nutrient elements

引用本文

游芳, 唐徐一, 雷小林, 吴安琪, 胡冬南, 陈明鸿, 曹冰, 张盛霖. 不同短截方式对油茶春梢叶片生长发育和养分动态的影响. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (10) : 61 -71 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.005

Fang You, Xuyi Tang, Xiaolin Lei, Anqi Wu, Dongnan Hu, Minghong Chen, Bing Cao, Shenglin Zhang. Effects of different short-cut methods on growth, development and nutrient dynamics of spring shoot leaves of Camellia oleifera[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (10) : 61 -71 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.005

基金

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江西省重点研发计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(20223BBF61012)
江西省林业科学院基础研究与人才科研专项项目(2024521003)

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2026年第46卷第10期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.005

接收时间：2025-10-10
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-10-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2025-10-10
修回日期：2025-12-15

基金

江西省重点研发计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(20223BBF61012)

江西省林业科学院基础研究与人才科研专项项目(2024521003)

作者信息

^1.江西农业大学　林学院，江西　南昌　330045

^2.江西省林业科学院，江西　南昌　330013

^3.峡江县林木良种场，江西　吉安　331409

通讯作者:

雷小林（1006801524@qq.com），研究员，博士

吴安琪（Anqi_wu1996@163.com），助理研究员，博士。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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