Article(id=1322924808798872476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258771877134531, issueId=1322924673771647833, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.021, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1755878400000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-23, revisedDate=1764777600000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339453171, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1790265600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339453171, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339453171, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339453171, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322924673771647833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258771877134531, year='2026', volume='46', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='250', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1790265600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793339420978, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793344623946, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322946497460961720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258771877134531, issueId=1322924673771647833, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322946497460961721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258771877134531, issueId=1322924673771647833, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=229, endPage=238, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322924809134416797, articleId=1322924808798872476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258771877134531, language=EN, title=Optimization of chromosome preparation methods and karyotype analysis of 13 species of Camellia sinensis plants, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
【Objective】

This study aims to explore the effects of different treatment conditions on chromosome root tip squashing, optimize the chromosome preparation method, conduct karyotype analysis of 13 Camellia species, and to provide a theoretical basis for the research on Camellia plants.

【Method】

The effects of different pretreatment and dissociation conditions on chromosome slide preparation were compared to select a universally applicable method for Camellia species. Karyotype analysis of 13 Camellia species was conducted using the optimized method, yielding karyotype diagrams, parameters, and evolutionary trends for each species.

【Result】

The optimized pressing method suitable for Camellia is to treat the root tips with saturated 1,4-dichlorobenzene for 6 h, then place in a 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid water bath at 60 ℃ for 15 minutes and stain with a modified carbol-fuchsin solution for 15 minutes for the conventional pressing operation. All 13 Camellia species exhibit a chromosome base number of x=15, the results of the karyotype analysis show that the karyotypes include diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid. Among diploids, the karyotype formula for C. semiserrata is 2n=2x=30=24m+6sm, and for the C. chekiangoleosa, it is 2n=2x=30=22m+8sm; for the tetraploid C. meiocarpa, the karyotype formula is 2n=4x=60=40m+20sm; among the hexaploid species, the karyotype formula for C. oleifera is 2n=6x=90=42m+44sm+4st, and for C. drupifera, it is 2n=6x=90=60m+26sm+4st; additionally, the karyotype formula for the octaploid C. gauchowensis is 2n=8x=120=94m+26sm. The range of asymmetry indexes for 13 Camellia species is 47.90%–64.63%, the relative length of chromosomes ranges from 2.78 to 13.59, the arm ratios range from 1.00 to 4.22, and the Lt/St ranges from 1.62 to 4.89. According to the Stebbins' karyotype classification system, the C. sinensis, C. chekiangoleosa, C. transarisanensis, and C. meiocarpa are of type 2A, C. boreali-yunnanica is type 1A, and C. osmantha is type 2C, while the remaining eight species are type 2B.

【Conclusion】

This study explored chromosome staining techniques widely applicable to Camellia, determined the chromosome numbers and ploidy levels of 13 Camellia species, and reported the karyotypes of C. transarisanensis, C. cordifolia, and C. osmantha for the first time. It provides an important reference for chromosome preparation and karyotype analysis of Camellia sinensis plants.

, authors=Renke Tang1, Haizhou Wang1, Qingbo Kong1, Linqin Xu1, Shiheng Zheng1, Chunbang Ding1, Lijun Zhou1, Shiling Feng1, Xiaoyu Jiang1, Tao Chen1, 2, authorsList=Renke Tang, Haizhou Wang, Qingbo Kong, Linqin Xu, Shiheng Zheng, Chunbang Ding, Lijun Zhou, Shiling Feng, Xiaoyu Jiang, Tao Chen, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Tao Chen, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2026 Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, copyrightOwner=Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322924809566430110, articleId=1322924808798872476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258771877134531, language=CN, title=13种山茶属植物的染色体制片方法优化及核型分析, columnId=1322924272984929210, journalTitle=中南林业科技大学学报, columnName=生物学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
【目的】

探索不同处理条件对根尖压片的影响,优化染色体制片方法,并完成山茶属Camellia 13个物种染色体核型分析,为山茶属植物研究提供理论依据。

【方法】

比较不同预处理条件和解离条件对根尖染色体制片效果的影响,筛选广适于山茶属植物的染色体制片方法;并用优化后的制片方法对山茶属13个物种染色体进行核型分析,得出13个物种的核型模式图、核型参数及核型进化趋势。

【结果】

优化后广适于山茶属植物的压片法为:用饱和对二氯苯处理根尖6 h,在60 ℃条件下置于1 mol/L盐酸中水浴15 min,用改良苯酚品红溶液染色15 min后进行常规压片操作。13个山茶属植物染色体基数均为x=15,核型倍数包含二、四、六和八倍体,其中二倍体大果红山茶核型公式为2n=2x=30=24m+6sm,浙江红山茶为2n=2x=30=22m+8sm;四倍体小果油茶核型公式为2n=4x=60=40m+20sm;六倍体普通油茶核型公式为2n=6x=90=42m+44sm+4st,越南油茶为2n=6x=90=60m+26sm+4st;八倍体高州油茶核型公式为2n=8x=120=94m+26sm。13个物种的核型不对称系数为47.90%~64.63%,染色体相对长度为2.78~13.59,臂比值为1.00~4.22,最长与最短的比值为1.62~4.89。按Stebbins核型分类标准,浙江红山茶、岳麓连蕊茶和小果油茶为2A型,滇北红山茶为1A型,香花油茶为2C型,其余8个物种均为2B型。

【结论】

确立了广适于山茶属植物染色体制片技术,确定了13种山茶属植物染色体数目及倍性水平,并报道了岳麓连蕊茶、心叶毛蕊茶和香花油茶的核型特征,可为山茶属染色体制片及核型分析提供重要参考。

, authors=唐人可1, 王海舟1, 孔庆博1, 徐琳钦1, 郑师衡1, 丁春邦1, 周莉君1, 冯士令1, 蒋孝禹1, 陈涛1, 2, authorsList=唐人可, 王海舟, 孔庆博, 徐琳钦, 郑师衡, 丁春邦, 周莉君, 冯士令, 蒋孝禹, 陈涛, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=陈涛, authorNote=

唐人可(),硕士研究生。

, correspAuthorsNote=
陈涛(),副教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
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唐人可(),硕士研究生。

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唐人可(),硕士研究生。

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唐人可 1 , 王海舟 1 , 孔庆博 1 , 徐琳钦 1 , 郑师衡 1 , 丁春邦 1 , 周莉君 1 , 冯士令 1 , 蒋孝禹 1 , 陈涛 1, 2
中南林业科技大学学报 | 生物学 2026,46(9): 229-238
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中南林业科技大学学报 |生物学 2026 , 46 (9) : 229 -238
13种山茶属植物的染色体制片方法优化及核型分析
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唐人可1 , 王海舟1, 孔庆博1, 徐琳钦1, 郑师衡1, 丁春邦1, 周莉君1, 冯士令1, 蒋孝禹1, 陈涛1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.四川农业大学 生命科学学院,四川 雅安 625014
  • 2.西南特色生物资源研究与利用四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610064
通讯作者:
陈涛(),副教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
作者简介:

唐人可(),硕士研究生。

Optimization of chromosome preparation methods and karyotype analysis of 13 species of Camellia sinensis plants
Renke Tang1 , Haizhou Wang1, Qingbo Kong1, Linqin Xu1, Shiheng Zheng1, Chunbang Ding1, Lijun Zhou1, Shiling Feng1, Xiaoyu Jiang1, Tao Chen1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
  • 2.Southwest Bio-resources R & D Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
出版时间: 2026-09-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.021
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【目的】

探索不同处理条件对根尖压片的影响,优化染色体制片方法,并完成山茶属Camellia 13个物种染色体核型分析,为山茶属植物研究提供理论依据。

【方法】

比较不同预处理条件和解离条件对根尖染色体制片效果的影响,筛选广适于山茶属植物的染色体制片方法;并用优化后的制片方法对山茶属13个物种染色体进行核型分析,得出13个物种的核型模式图、核型参数及核型进化趋势。

【结果】

优化后广适于山茶属植物的压片法为:用饱和对二氯苯处理根尖6 h,在60 ℃条件下置于1 mol/L盐酸中水浴15 min,用改良苯酚品红溶液染色15 min后进行常规压片操作。13个山茶属植物染色体基数均为x=15,核型倍数包含二、四、六和八倍体,其中二倍体大果红山茶核型公式为2n=2x=30=24m+6sm,浙江红山茶为2n=2x=30=22m+8sm;四倍体小果油茶核型公式为2n=4x=60=40m+20sm;六倍体普通油茶核型公式为2n=6x=90=42m+44sm+4st,越南油茶为2n=6x=90=60m+26sm+4st;八倍体高州油茶核型公式为2n=8x=120=94m+26sm。13个物种的核型不对称系数为47.90%~64.63%,染色体相对长度为2.78~13.59,臂比值为1.00~4.22,最长与最短的比值为1.62~4.89。按Stebbins核型分类标准,浙江红山茶、岳麓连蕊茶和小果油茶为2A型,滇北红山茶为1A型,香花油茶为2C型,其余8个物种均为2B型。

【结论】

确立了广适于山茶属植物染色体制片技术,确定了13种山茶属植物染色体数目及倍性水平,并报道了岳麓连蕊茶、心叶毛蕊茶和香花油茶的核型特征,可为山茶属染色体制片及核型分析提供重要参考。

山茶属  /  染色体制片方法  /  染色体  /  核型分析
【Objective】

This study aims to explore the effects of different treatment conditions on chromosome root tip squashing, optimize the chromosome preparation method, conduct karyotype analysis of 13 Camellia species, and to provide a theoretical basis for the research on Camellia plants.

【Method】

The effects of different pretreatment and dissociation conditions on chromosome slide preparation were compared to select a universally applicable method for Camellia species. Karyotype analysis of 13 Camellia species was conducted using the optimized method, yielding karyotype diagrams, parameters, and evolutionary trends for each species.

【Result】

The optimized pressing method suitable for Camellia is to treat the root tips with saturated 1,4-dichlorobenzene for 6 h, then place in a 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid water bath at 60 ℃ for 15 minutes and stain with a modified carbol-fuchsin solution for 15 minutes for the conventional pressing operation. All 13 Camellia species exhibit a chromosome base number of x=15, the results of the karyotype analysis show that the karyotypes include diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid. Among diploids, the karyotype formula for C. semiserrata is 2n=2x=30=24m+6sm, and for the C. chekiangoleosa, it is 2n=2x=30=22m+8sm; for the tetraploid C. meiocarpa, the karyotype formula is 2n=4x=60=40m+20sm; among the hexaploid species, the karyotype formula for C. oleifera is 2n=6x=90=42m+44sm+4st, and for C. drupifera, it is 2n=6x=90=60m+26sm+4st; additionally, the karyotype formula for the octaploid C. gauchowensis is 2n=8x=120=94m+26sm. The range of asymmetry indexes for 13 Camellia species is 47.90%–64.63%, the relative length of chromosomes ranges from 2.78 to 13.59, the arm ratios range from 1.00 to 4.22, and the Lt/St ranges from 1.62 to 4.89. According to the Stebbins' karyotype classification system, the C. sinensis, C. chekiangoleosa, C. transarisanensis, and C. meiocarpa are of type 2A, C. boreali-yunnanica is type 1A, and C. osmantha is type 2C, while the remaining eight species are type 2B.

【Conclusion】

This study explored chromosome staining techniques widely applicable to Camellia, determined the chromosome numbers and ploidy levels of 13 Camellia species, and reported the karyotypes of C. transarisanensis, C. cordifolia, and C. osmantha for the first time. It provides an important reference for chromosome preparation and karyotype analysis of Camellia sinensis plants.

Camellia  /  chromosome preparation  /  chromosome  /  karyotype
唐人可, 王海舟, 孔庆博, 徐琳钦, 郑师衡, 丁春邦, 周莉君, 冯士令, 蒋孝禹, 陈涛. 13种山茶属植物的染色体制片方法优化及核型分析. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (9) : 229 -238 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.021
Renke Tang, Haizhou Wang, Qingbo Kong, Linqin Xu, Shiheng Zheng, Chunbang Ding, Lijun Zhou, Shiling Feng, Xiaoyu Jiang, Tao Chen. Optimization of chromosome preparation methods and karyotype analysis of 13 species of Camellia sinensis plants[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (9) : 229 -238 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.021
  • 四川省科技计划资助项目(2023YFN0035)
  • 四川省科技支持计划项目(2024YFHZ0236)
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2026年第46卷第9期
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doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.021
  • 接收时间:2025-08-23
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-23
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基金
四川省科技计划资助项目(2023YFN0035)
四川省科技支持计划项目(2024YFHZ0236)
作者信息
    1.四川农业大学 生命科学学院,四川 雅安 625014
    2.西南特色生物资源研究与利用四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610064

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陈涛(),副教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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属数
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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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