中南林业科技大学学报

广州从化典型常绿阔叶林木本植物物种组成与群落结构特征

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胡洪江 ¹^,² , 王春胜 ¹ , 常宇涵 ¹ , 刘雨倩 ¹ , 尹海锋 ¹ , 赵志刚 ³ , 唐诚 ² , 曾杰 ¹

中南林业科技大学学报 | 生态学 2026,46(10): 166-176

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中南林业科技大学学报 |生态学 2026 , 46 (10) : 166 -176

广州从化典型常绿阔叶林木本植物物种组成与群落结构特征

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胡洪江¹^,², 王春胜¹, 常宇涵¹, 刘雨倩¹, 尹海锋¹, 赵志刚³, 唐诚², 曾杰¹

作者信息

^1.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所，广东　广州　510520

^2.石河子大学城市与环境学院，新疆　石河子　832003

^3.广州市林业和园林科学研究院，广东　广州　510405

通讯作者:

曾杰（zengj69@caf.ac.cn），研究员，博士，博士研究生导师。

作者简介:

胡洪江（3011508572@qq.com），硕士研究生。

Species composition and community structure of woody species in typical evergreen broad-leaved forests in Conghua, Guangzhou, China

Hongjiang Hu¹^,², Chunsheng Wang¹, Yuhan Chang¹, Yuqian Liu¹, Haifeng Yin¹, Zhigang Zhao³, Cheng Tang², Jie Zeng¹

Affiliations

^1.Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong, China

^2.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China

^3.Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, China

出版时间: 2026-10-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.015

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摘要

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【目的】

研究南亚热带典型常绿阔叶林的木本植物物种组成与群落结构特征，阐明其演替特征、物种多样性及发展趋势，为该区域森林生态系统精细化管理与生物多样性保护提供科学依据。

【方法】

于广州从化20世纪90年代经采伐后自然恢复形成的次生林内，设置16个面积为1 200 m²的固定样地，调查每个样地内所有胸径（DBH）≥5 cm的木本植物，系统分析群落的物种组成、多样性特征、径级和垂直结构。

【结果】

1）样地内共记录到木本植物4 095株，隶属34科46属58种，以樟科Lauraceae、柿科Ebenaceae和壳斗科Fagaceae为优势科；2）科和属的分布区类型分别有8种和11种，以热带成分为主，分别占总科数和总属数的64.71%和65.22%；3）重要值≥1%的优势树种共23种，华润楠Machilus chinensis、罗浮柿Diospyros morrisiana、木荷Schima superba、罗浮锥Castanopsis faberi、山乌桕Triadica cochinchinensis、黄樟Camphora parthenoxylon位居前6，其中华润楠为绝对优势种（重要值为22.36%）；4）林木径级结构呈典型倒“J”形分布，群落更新良好；5）垂直结构可划分为幼树层（2.5~9.3 m）、林冠下层（9.4~12.9 m）、林冠中层（13.0~16.5 m）和林冠上层（16.6~25.8 m），林冠中、下层林木合计占比64.96%，且物种多样性随林冠高度上升而显著降低；6）群落整体多样性中等偏高，但个体数量在各物种间分配不均，集中于少数优势树种。

【结论】

该群落是珠三角地区典型的南亚热带常绿阔叶林，目前处于演替中期阶段，林木径级整体偏小，群落结构稳定并呈增长趋势；宜通过目标树经营以及补植演替中晚期的珍贵树种实现林分质量快速提升。

关键词

亚热带常绿阔叶林 / 物种组成 / 物种多样性 / 群落结构 / 演替特征

Abstract

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【Objective】

This study aimed to characterize the woody species composition and community structure of a typical southern subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China, elucidate its succession pattern, species diversity, and development trend, and to provide a scientific basis for the refined management and biodiversity conservation of forest ecosystems in this region.

【Method】

Sixteen permanent plots, each covering an area of 1 200 m², were established in a secondary forest in Conghua, Guangzhou, which had naturally regenerated after logging in the 1990s. All woody plants with a diameter at breast height (DBH)≥5 cm were surveyed within each plot. The species composition, species diversity, diameter-class structure, and vertical stratification of the community were systematically analyzed.

【Result】

1) A total of 4 095 woody individuals (DBH≥5 cm) were recorded in the plots, belonging to 58 species, 46 genera and 34 families; and the families Lauraceae, Ebenaceae and Fagaceae were predominant; 2) Eight family and 11 genus distribution area types were identified, with tropical elements predominantly accounting for 64.71% of families and 65.22% of genera; 3) Twenty-three species had an importance value above 1%; the top six dominant tree species were Machilus chinensis, Diospyros morrisiana, Schima superba, Castanopsis faberi, Triadica cochinchinensis and Camphora parthenoxylon; and M. chinensis was absolutely dominant (importance value: 22.36%); 4) The diameter-class structure showed a typical reverse “J”-shaped distribution, indicating favorable community regeneration; 5) The vertical structure was stratified into four layers: sapling (2.5-9.3 m), sub-canopy (9.4-12.9 m), mid-canopy (13.0-16.5 m), and upper-canopy layers (16.6-25.8 m), trees in the sub- and mid-canopy layers together accounted for 64.96%, and species diversity decreased significantly with increasing canopy height; 6) The overall species diversity of the community was moderately high, but individual abundance was unevenly distributed among species, concentrated in a few dominant tree species.

【Conclusion】

This community represents a typical warm subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Pearl River Delta region. Currently in a mid-succession stage, it is characterized by generally small tree diameters, a stable structure, and a growing trend. Forest quality can be rapidly improved through target-tree management and enrichment planting with valuable tree species characteristic of middle and late succession stages.

Key words

subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests / species composition / species diversity / community structure / succession characteristics

引用本文

胡洪江, 王春胜, 常宇涵, 刘雨倩, 尹海锋, 赵志刚, 唐诚, 曾杰. 广州从化典型常绿阔叶林木本植物物种组成与群落结构特征. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (10) : 166 -176 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.015

Hongjiang Hu, Chunsheng Wang, Yuhan Chang, Yuqian Liu, Haifeng Yin, Zhigang Zhao, Cheng Tang, Jie Zeng. Species composition and community structure of woody species in typical evergreen broad-leaved forests in Conghua, Guangzhou, China[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (10) : 166 -176 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.015

基金

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广东省林业科技创新项目(2024KJCX001)

参考文献

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2026年第46卷第10期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.10.015

接收时间：2025-11-05
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-10-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2025-11-05
修回日期：2026-01-26

基金

广东省林业科技创新项目(2024KJCX001)

作者信息

^1.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所，广东　广州　510520

^2.石河子大学城市与环境学院，新疆　石河子　832003

^3.广州市林业和园林科学研究院，广东　广州　510405

通讯作者:

曾杰（zengj69@caf.ac.cn），研究员，博士，博士研究生导师。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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