中南林业科技大学学报

中国北方不同种源文冠果种子表型性状差异性研究

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武龙庆 , 赵明 , 王艺林 , 赵玉红 , 郭彩霞

中南林业科技大学学报 | 林学 2026,46(6): 25-33

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中南林业科技大学学报 |林学 2026 , 46 (6) : 25 -33

中国北方不同种源文冠果种子表型性状差异性研究

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武龙庆, 赵明, 王艺林, 赵玉红, 郭彩霞

作者信息

甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院，甘肃　张掖　734000

通讯作者:

王艺林（wangyilin1973@163.com），正高级工程师。

作者简介:

武龙庆（wlq88923@163.com），硕士，工程师。

Study on differences in seed phenotypic traits of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge from different provenances in northern China

Longqing WU, Ming ZHAO, Yilin WANG, Yuhong ZHAO, Caixia GUO

Affiliations

Gansu Province Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forest of the Qilian Mountains, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China

出版时间: 2026-06-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.003

文章导航

摘要

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【目的】

系统分析不同种源文冠果种子的表型性状特征，构建科学的种质评价体系，为文冠果遗传改良、种质创新及产业化开发提供理论依据。

【方法】

以中国北方的甘肃、山西和山东等12个种源种子为试验材料，测定其种子长、种子宽和单粒质量等10项指标，通过单因素方差分析、Pearson相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析等多方法联合分析，揭示种源间表型性状的差异、内在关联及综合优劣。

【结果】

不同种源文冠果种子在表型性状上存在显著差异（P<0.05），其中单粒质量的变异程度最大，种形指数的变异程度最小。百粒质量与种子宽、种子长、种仁质量及单粒质量显著正相关（P<0.05），而种子体积与出仁率显著负相关（P<0.05）。基于聚类分析将种源划分为3个类群，类群Ⅰ（种源2、3、9、11、12）为“小粒低重”型，类群Ⅱ（种源1、7、8、10）为“中粒中重”型，类群Ⅲ（种源4、5、6）为“大粒高重”型。主成分分析结果表明，前3个主成分累计贡献率达74.05%，其中种源4综合得分最高（164.89分），表现出最优的种质特性。

【结论】

本研究构建的“形态性状分析-统计模型构建-种质资源分类”三级评价体系，可为文冠果种质资源的科学评价和遗传改良提供新思路。种源4因其综合表现优异，可作为抗逆育种的优良亲本材料。

关键词

种源 / 文冠果 / 表型性状 / 表型变异

Abstract

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【Objective】

This study aimed to systematically analyze the phenotypic traits of Xanthoceras sorbifolium seeds from different provenances, to construct a scientific germplasm evaluation system, and to provide a theoretical basis for genetic improvement, germplasm innovation, and industrial development of Xanthoceras sorbifolium.

【Method】

Seeds from 12 provenances (including Gansu, Shanxi, Shandong, etc.) were used as experimental materials. Ten traits, including longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, and single seed weight, were measured. Multivariate analyses, including one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA), were combined to reveal differences in phenotypic traits, internal correlations, and comprehensive performance among provenances.

【Result】

Significant differences in seed phenotypic traits were observed among provenances (P<0.05). Single seed weight showed coefficient of variation, while seed shape index exhibited the lowest. 100-seed weight was significantly and positively correlated with transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, kernel weight, and single seed weight (P<0.05), whereas seed volume was significantly negatively correlated with kernel rate (P<0.05). Cluster analysis divided the provenances into three groups: Group I (provenances 2, 3, 9, 11, 12), termed the “small-seed low-weight type”; Group II (provenances 1, 7, 8, 10), the “medium-seed medium-weight type”; and Group III (provenances 4, 5, 6), the “large-seed high-weight type”. PCA indicated that the first three principal components explained 74.05% of the cumulative variance, with provenance 4 achieving the highest comprehensive score (164.89 points), demonstrating the most superior germplasm characteristics.

【Conclusion】

The established “morphological trait analysis—statistical model construction—germplasm classification” three-level evaluation system provides a new framework for scientific evaluation and genetic improvement of Xanthoceras sorbifolium germplasm. Due to its outstanding comprehensive performance, Provenance 4 is recommended as an excellent parental material for stress-resistant breeding.

Key words

provenance / Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge / phenotypic traits / phenotypic variation

引用本文

武龙庆, 赵明, 王艺林, 赵玉红, 郭彩霞. 中国北方不同种源文冠果种子表型性状差异性研究. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (6) : 25 -33 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.003

Longqing WU, Ming ZHAO, Yilin WANG, Yuhong ZHAO, Caixia GUO. Study on differences in seed phenotypic traits of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge from different provenances in northern China[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (6) : 25 -33 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.003

基金

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甘肃省林草科技计划项目(2024kj105)
2023年中央林业草原改革发展资金项目(GSSH202308-001)
甘肃省科技计划项目(25JRRG044)

参考文献

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2026年第46卷第6期

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doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.003

接收时间：2025-06-17
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-06-25

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收稿日期：2025-06-17
修回日期：2025-09-23

基金

甘肃省林草科技计划项目(2024kj105)

2023年中央林业草原改革发展资金项目(GSSH202308-001)

甘肃省科技计划项目(25JRRG044)

作者信息

甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院，甘肃　张掖　734000

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王艺林（wangyilin1973@163.com），正高级工程师。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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