中南林业科技大学学报

东方杉形成层和次生韧皮部解剖特征的季节变化

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夏重阳 , 赵世超 , 潘彪 , 石江涛

中南林业科技大学学报 | 生物学 2026,46(9): 201-208

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中南林业科技大学学报 |生物学 2026 , 46 (9) : 201 -208

东方杉形成层和次生韧皮部解剖特征的季节变化

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夏重阳, 赵世超, 潘彪, 石江涛

作者信息

南京林业大学　材料科学与工程学院，江苏　南京　210037

通讯作者:

石江涛（shijt@njfu.edu.cn），教授，博士，博士研究生导师。

作者简介:

夏重阳（212226542@qq.com），硕士研究生。

Seasonal variations in the cambium and secondary phloem anatomical characteristics of Taxodium mucronatum×Cryptomeria fortunei

Chongyang Xia, Shichao Zhao, Biao Pan, Jiangtao Shi

Affiliations

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China

出版时间: 2026-09-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.018

文章导航

摘要

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【目的】

揭示东方杉Taxodium mucronatum × Cryptomeria fortunei形成层活动及次生韧皮部解剖结构的季节性变化规律，为其树种培育和木材质量调控提供解剖学依据。

【方法】

在南京选取约50年生的东方杉为研究材料，于4—11月的每月中旬在胸高处取样，采用石蜡切片法制备茎段横切片，在荧光显微镜和偏光显微镜下观察形成层及次生韧皮部的结构特征，并统计形成层细胞层数、具输导功能次生韧皮部宽度和胼胝质沉积点数等指标。

【结果】

4—11月东方杉形成层细胞层数为3～12层，4月中旬为3～4层，5—6月增至8～12层，为全年峰值，10—11月降至约3层，显示出先增后减的单峰形年内变化规律。具输导功能次生韧皮部宽度随生长季的推进逐渐增加，11月达到全年最大值，为（760.40±179.72）μm。筛胞间胼胝质沉积点数由4月的10个逐步增加到11月的22个，其中9月至10月平均19个且固定胼胝质明显增多，说明外围筛胞在秋末前后集中退出输导区。

【结论】

在南京亚热带季风性气候条件下，东方杉具有较长的形成层活动期，并在生长季后期保持较宽的具输导功能次生韧皮部带，通过筛胞功能逐步转换，实现对长生长季的适应。本研究从典型解剖指标及其季节性数据出发，揭示了东方杉年内形成层与次生韧皮部协同变化的基本特征。

关键词

东方杉 / 形成层 / 次生韧皮部 / 胼胝质 / 季节性变化

Abstract

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【Objective】

This study aimed to elucidate the seasonal patterns of cambial activity and the anatomical changes of the secondary phloem of Taxodium mucronatum×Cryptomeria fortunei and to provide anatomical evidence for its cultivation and wood-quality regulation.

【Method】

Approximately 50-year-old T. mucronatum×C. fortunei trees growing in Nanjing were sampled monthly from April to November at breast height. Stem transverse sections were prepared using the paraffin-embedding method and observed under fluorescence and polarized light microscopy. The number of cambial cell layers, the width of conductive secondary phloem, and the number of callose deposition sites were measured.

【Result】

The number of cambial cell layers ranged from 3 to 12 during April-November, with 3-4 layers in mid-April, an increase to 8-12 layers during May–June (the annual peak), and a decline to about 3 layers during October-November. This pattern showed a unimodal seasonal fluctuation. The width of conductive secondary phloem increased progressively throughout the growing season and reached its maximum in November (760.40±179.72 μm). Callose deposition between sieve cells increased from 10 sites in April to 22 sites in November, with an average of 19 sites during September–October and a clear rise in fixed callose, indicating that peripheral sieve cells withdrew from the conductive zone toward the end of the growing season.

【Conclusion】

Under the subtropical monsoon climate of Nanjing, Taxodium mucronatum×Cryptomeria fortunei exhibits a prolonged cambial activity period and maintains a relatively wide belt of conductive secondary phloem during the late growing season. The seasonal progression of callose deposition reflects the gradual transition of sieve-cell function in response to the long growing season. Using representative anatomical indicators and their seasonal dynamics, this study revealed the coordinated annual changes of the cambium and secondary phloem in this species.

Key words

Taxodium mucronatum×Cryptomeria fortunei / cambium / secondary phloem / callose / seasonal variation

引用本文

夏重阳, 赵世超, 潘彪, 石江涛. 东方杉形成层和次生韧皮部解剖特征的季节变化. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (9) : 201 -208 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.018

Chongyang Xia, Shichao Zhao, Biao Pan, Jiangtao Shi. Seasonal variations in the cambium and secondary phloem anatomical characteristics of Taxodium mucronatum×Cryptomeria fortunei[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (9) : 201 -208 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.018

基金

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国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971585)
江苏高校“青蓝工程”项目(2024)

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2026年第46卷第9期

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doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.018

接收时间：2025-07-10
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-09-25

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收稿日期：2025-07-10
修回日期：2025-12-11

基金

国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971585)

江苏高校“青蓝工程”项目(2024)

作者信息

南京林业大学　材料科学与工程学院，江苏　南京　210037

通讯作者:

石江涛（shijt@njfu.edu.cn），教授，博士，博士研究生导师。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/znlykj/CN/10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.018

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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