中南林业科技大学学报

雪灾后木荷家系表型适应性与抗灾能力评价

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蔡宗明 ¹^,² , 丁颖 ¹^,² , 周志春 ³ , 刘仁 ¹^,² , 姚甲宝 ¹^,² , 肖斌 ¹^,² , 徐克芹 ¹^,² , 袁媛 ¹^,² , 万晨 ¹^,² , 丁业新 ¹^,²

中南林业科技大学学报 | 林学 2026,46(9): 98-110

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中南林业科技大学学报 |林学 2026 , 46 (9) : 98 -110

雪灾后木荷家系表型适应性与抗灾能力评价

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蔡宗明¹^,², 丁颖¹^,², 周志春³, 刘仁¹^,², 姚甲宝¹^,², 肖斌¹^,², 徐克芹¹^,², 袁媛¹^,², 万晨¹^,², 丁业新¹^,²

作者信息

^1.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心，江西　分宜　336600

^2.生物多样性保护与资源利用江西省重点实验室，江西　分宜　336600

^3.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所，浙江　杭州　311400

通讯作者:

肖斌（ylzx7626@163.com），硕士，工程师。

作者简介:

蔡宗明（cafczm1998@163.com），助理工程师，硕士。

Evaluation of phenotypic adaptability and disaster resistance of Schima superba families after snow disaster

Zongming Cai¹^,², Ying Ding¹^,², Zhichun Zhou³, Ren Liu¹^,², Jiabao Yao¹^,², Bin Xiao¹^,², Keqin Xu¹^,², Yuan Yuan¹^,², Chen Wan¹^,², Yexin Ding¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fenyi 336600, Jiangxi, China

^2.Biodiversity Conservation and Resource Utilization of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory, Fenyi 336600, Jiangxi, China

^3.Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China

出版时间: 2026-09-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.009

文章导航

摘要

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【目的】

研究不同木荷Schima superba家系在雪灾后的表型适应性及抗性机制，为木荷的抗灾育种与种质资源改良提供理论依据。

【方法】

以24个受雪灾影响的木荷家系为研究对象，测定其胸径、树高、冠幅等13项表型及灾后林木受损指标，采用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析及主成分分析法，系统探讨不同木荷家系表型特征与抗灾能力的关联。

【结果】

1）不同木荷家系在生长性状和冠形特征上表现出显著差异，龙泉15（LQ15）、信丰02（XF02）、建瓯30（JO30）、建瓯58（JO58）、庆元10（QY10）家系的胸径远高于平均值（5.47 cm），表现出速生潜力。云霄01（YX01）家系以低矮树高（2.8 m）提高生存率。兰溪02（LX02）和华安02（HA02）家系的枝下高及自然整枝能力突出。2）木荷家系冠层生长策略分化明显，建瓯16（JO16）家系通过冠层扩展提升资源利用效率，而YX01家系则采取抑制冠层扩张策略以适应雨雪灾害环境。3）木荷家系对雨雪灾害的敏感性存在显著差异，YX01家系受损率最高，其抗机械损伤能力弱，而LX02和JO16家系则表现出较强的抗雪灾能力，未受明显损害。4）生长性状与抗灾能力显著相关，胸径、树高等与受损率、平均受损级别和受损指数呈负相关（P<0.05），枝下高比例、树冠体积和树冠高度等因素与木荷的损伤程度存在显著正相关关系，反映了它们在高胁迫环境下的脆弱性。5）主成分分析显示，LX02、JO16、龙泉01（LQ01）、建瓯5（JO5）和XF02家系在表型特征方面综合表现最优，累计贡献率达92.735%。

【结论】

LX02、JO16、LQ01、JO5和XF02家系兼具生长潜力与抗灾适应性，可作为优先选育材料，YX01家系则不适合作为育种材料。木荷后续培育应贴合应用需求，依据其生长潜力与抗灾性能择优选育、定向培育。

关键词

木荷 / 家系 / 雪灾 / 表型特征 / 林木受损指数

Abstract

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【Objective】

To explore the phenotypic adaptability and resistance mechanism of different Schima superba families after snow disaster, and to provide a theoretical basis for breeding and disaster resistance improvement of S. superba.

【Method】

Taking 24 S. superba families affected by snow disaster as the research object, 13 phenotypes such as DBH, tree height and crown width and forest damage indexes were measured. The correlation between phenotypic characteristics and disaster resistance of families was comprehensively evaluated by variance analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis.

【Result】

1) Different families of S. superba showed significant differences in growth traits and crown shape characteristics. The DBH of LQ15, XF02, JO30, JO58 and QY10 families was much higher than the average value of 5.47 cm, showing fast-growing potential. The YX01 family enhanced the survival rate with low tree height (2.8 m). The branch height and natural pruning ability of LX02 and HA02 families were outstanding; 2) The JO16 family improved resource utilization efficiency through canopy expansion, while the YX01 family adopted a strategy of inhibiting canopy expansion to adapt to the rain and snow disaster environment; 3) There were significant differences in the sensitivity of S. superba families to rain and snow disasters. The YX01 family had the highest damage rate and its resistance to mechanical damage was weak, while the LX02 and JO16 families showed strong resistance to snow disasters and were not significantly damaged; 4) Growth traits were significantly correlated with disaster resistance. DBH and tree height were negatively correlated with damage rate, average damage level and damage index (P<0.05). The proportion of branch height, crown volume and crown height were significantly positively correlated with the damage degree of S. superba, reflecting their vulnerability under high stress environment; 5) Principal component analysis (cumulative contribution rate of 92.735%) showed that LX02, JO16, LQ01, JO5 and XF02 families performed best in phenotypic characteristics.

【Conclusion】

The LX02, JO16, LQ01, JO5 and XF02 families have both growth potential and disaster resistance adaptability, and can be used as priority breeding materials. The YX01 family is not suitable as a breeding material. In the future cultivation of S. superba, reasonable selection and cultivation should be carried out according to the growth potential and disaster resistance of S. superba.

Key words

Schima Superba / family / snow disaster / phenotypic characteristics / forest damage index

引用本文

蔡宗明, 丁颖, 周志春, 刘仁, 姚甲宝, 肖斌, 徐克芹, 袁媛, 万晨, 丁业新. 雪灾后木荷家系表型适应性与抗灾能力评价. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (9) : 98 -110 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.009

Zongming Cai, Ying Ding, Zhichun Zhou, Ren Liu, Jiabao Yao, Bin Xiao, Keqin Xu, Yuan Yuan, Chen Wan, Yexin Ding. Evaluation of phenotypic adaptability and disaster resistance of Schima superba families after snow disaster[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (9) : 98 -110 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.009

基金

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江西省重点研发计划项目(20252BCF320009)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB205047)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2023QC001)
新余市科技计划项目(余科发〔2024〕44号)

参考文献

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2026年第46卷第9期

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doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.009

接收时间：2025-08-11
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-09-25

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收稿日期：2025-08-11
修回日期：2025-10-20

基金

江西省重点研发计划项目(20252BCF320009)

江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB205047)

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2023QC001)

新余市科技计划项目(余科发〔2024〕44号)

作者信息

^1.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心，江西　分宜　336600

^2.生物多样性保护与资源利用江西省重点实验室，江西　分宜　336600

^3.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所，浙江　杭州　311400

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肖斌（ylzx7626@163.com），硕士，工程师。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/znlykj/CN/10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.009

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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