中南林业科技大学学报

不同种源马缨杜鹃种子表型性状分析与优良种源筛选

PDF下载

周玮 ^1a , 淮钒钰 ^1a , 杨赵婧 ^1a , 夏国威 ^1a , 黄玲俊 ² , 彭洋 ² , 黄承玲 ^1b

中南林业科技大学学报 | 林学 2026,46(9): 1-9

收起

中南林业科技大学学报 |林学 2026 , 46 (9) : 1 -9

不同种源马缨杜鹃种子表型性状分析与优良种源筛选

全屏

周玮^1a, 淮钒钰^1a, 杨赵婧^1a, 夏国威^1a, 黄玲俊², 彭洋², 黄承玲^1b

作者信息

^1a.贵州民族大学　生态环境工程学院，贵州　贵阳　550025

^1b.贵州民族大学　民族医药学院，贵州　贵阳　550025

^2.贵州省国有龙里林场，贵州　龙里　551202

通讯作者:

黄承玲（282148027@qq.com），教授，博士。

作者简介:

周玮（605466767@qq.com），副教授，博士。

Analysis of seed traits and selection of superior provenances of Rhododendron delavayi from different provenances

Wei Zhou^1a, Fanyu Huai^1a, Zhaojing Yang^1a, Guowei Xia^1a, Lingjun Huang², Yang Peng², Chengling Huang^1b

Affiliations

^1a.School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China

^1b.School of Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China

^2.Guizhou State-Owned Longli Forest Farm, Longli 551202, Guizhou, China

出版时间: 2026-09-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.001

文章导航

摘要

收起

【目的】

研究贵州省6个种源地马缨杜鹃Rhododendron delavayi种子表型性状及萌发特性，分析不同种源种子的变异特性及遗传特征，为马缨杜鹃的良种选育提供技术支撑。

【方法】

对6个种源地马缨杜鹃种子的表型性状（种子长度、宽度、厚度、长宽比、扁化率、大小指数及千粒质量）和萌发特性（胚根长、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数）进行变异分析及遗传力估算、相关性分析、聚类分析，并采用主成分分析法对不同种源地种子质量进行综合评价。

【结果】

不同种源马缨杜鹃种子的表型性状存在极显著差异（P<0.01），种子表型性状的变异系数均在10.00%以上，千粒质量的变异系数最小，大小指数及种子厚度、长宽比的变异系数均达到30.00%以上，表型性状的广义遗传力均大于0.87。不同种源马缨杜鹃种子萌发特性差异显著（P<0.05），百里杜鹃管理区种子拥有最大胚根长（5.17 mm）、最高发芽率（77.50%）及最大发芽势（20.00%）。相关性分析表明，种子长度、长宽比与种子发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数呈显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）负相关，种子宽度与胚根长、发芽率及发芽指数呈显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）正相关。可将6个种源地划分为三大类：第一大类为钟山区、水城区以及百里杜鹃管理区，第二大类为西秀区和赫章县，第三大类为长顺县。综合评价不同种源种子质量，表现为钟山区种源>水城区种源>百里杜鹃管理区种源>赫章县种源>长顺县种源>西秀区种源。

【结论】

马缨杜鹃种子的表型性状主要由遗传因素决定，但不同种源所处的地理环境与生存条件存在差异，使其种子表型特征表现出一定差异性。钟山区、水城区种子表型性状及萌发特性综合质量相对较优，可作为优良种源及繁殖材料开展后续研究。

关键词

马缨杜鹃 / 种源 / 表型性状 / 萌发特性 / 良种筛选

Abstract

收起

【Objective】

To investigate the morphological characteristics and germination traits of Rhododendron delavayi seeds from six provenances in Guizhou Province, analyze the variation and genetic characteristics of seeds from different provenances, and to provide technical support for the breeding of superior varieties.

【Method】

The morphological traits (seed length, width, thickness, length-to-width ratio, flattening rate, seed dimension index, and thousand-seed weight) and germination traits (radicle length, germination rate, germination potential and germination index) of seeds from the six provenances were subjected to variability and heritability analysis, correlation analysis, and cluster analysis. The seed quality from different provenances was comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis.

【Result】

The results showed that the morphological characteristics of R. delavayi seeds from different provenances exhibited extremely significant differences (P<0.01). The coefficient of variation for seed morphological traits exceeded 10.00%, with the smallest variation observed in thousand-seed weight. The coefficients of variation for seed dimension index, seed thickness, and length-to-width ratio all exceeded 30.00%. The broad-sense heritability of morphological traits was greater than 0.87. The germination traits of seeds from different provenances also showed significant differences (P<0.05). Seeds from the Bailidujuan management area exhibited the longest radicle length (5.17 mm), the highest germination rate (77.50%), and the greatest germination potential (20.00%). Correlation analysis indicated that seed length and length-to-width ratio were significantly (P<0.05) or extremely significantly (P<0.01) negatively correlated with germination rate, germination potential, and germination index. Seed width was significantly (P<0.05) or extremely significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated with radicle length, germination rate, and germination index. The six provenances could be classified into three major categories: the first category included Zhongshan District, Shuicheng District, and Bailidujuan Management Area; the second category included Xixiu District and Hezhang County; and the third category was Changshun County. The comprehensive evaluation of seed quality from different provenances ranked as follows: Zhongshan District > Shuicheng District > Bailidujuan Management Area > Hezhang County > Changshun County > Xixiu District.

【Conclusion】

In conclusion, the morphological characteristics of R. delavayi seeds are primarily influenced by genetic factors but also exhibit certain variations due to geographical and environmental factors across different provenances. Seeds from Zhongshan District and Shuicheng District were relatively superior and can be further studied as material for breeding and propagation.

Key words

Rhododendron delavayi / provenances / morphological characteristics / germination traits / selection of superior varieties

引用本文

周玮, 淮钒钰, 杨赵婧, 夏国威, 黄玲俊, 彭洋, 黄承玲. 不同种源马缨杜鹃种子表型性状分析与优良种源筛选. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (9) : 1 -9 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.001

Wei Zhou, Fanyu Huai, Zhaojing Yang, Guowei Xia, Lingjun Huang, Yang Peng, Chengling Huang. Analysis of seed traits and selection of superior provenances of Rhododendron delavayi from different provenances[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (9) : 1 -9 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.001

基金

收起

贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般035)
国家林业和草原局第三批国家林木种质资源库建设项目(2021GZ01)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

[1]

田瑞杰, 巩合德, 雷晨雨, 等. 不同种源高山栲种子性状特征及其变异[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2021, 41(9): 88-95, 126.

Tian

R J

, Gong

H D

, Lei

C Y

, et al. Characteristic and variation in seed traits of Castanopsis delavayi from various provenances[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2021, 41(9): 88-95, 126.

[2]

魏胜利, 王文全, 秦淑英, 等. 甘草种源种子形态与萌发特性的地理变异研究[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2008, 33(8): 869-873.

Wei

S L

, Wang

W Q

, Qin

S Y

, et al. Study on geographical variation of morphologic and germination characteristic of different Glycyrrhiza uralensis provenance seeds[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2008, 33(8): 869-873.

[3]

常恩福, 张清, 肖桂英, 等. 铁橡栎不同种源及家系种子的形态特征及变异[J]. 种子, 2020, 39(6): 53-58.

Chang

E F

, Zhang

, Xiao

G Y

, et al. Morphological characteristics and variation analysis of seeds from different provenances and families of Quercus cocciferoides[J]. Seed, 2020, 39(6): 53-58.

[4]

王红, 段爱国, 张建国. 不同种源树木径向生长对气候变化响应研究进展[J]. 林业科学研究, 2023, 36(5): 198-204.

Wang

, Duan

A G

, Zhang

J G

. Response of radial growth of different provenances to climate change: a review[J]. Forest Research, 2023, 36(5): 198-204.

[5]

张鹤山, 吴新江, 田宏, 等. 不同种源狼尾草表型性状多样性分析及优异种源筛选[J]. 南方农业学报, 2024, 55(7): 2090-2099.

Zhang

H S

, Wu

X J

, Tian

, et al. Diversity analysis of phenotypic traits and screening of excellent germplasm resources on different Pennisetum alopecuroides provenances[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2024, 55(7): 2090-2099.

[6]

Cai

Y F

, Li

S F

, Li

S F

, et al. How do leaf anatomies and photosynthesis of three Rhododendron species relate to their natural environments?[J]. Botanical Studies, 2014, 55: 36.

[7]

蔡艳飞. 干旱胁迫下马缨杜鹃的生理生态响应及基因表达分析[D]. 昆明: 云南大学, 2018: 15-17.

Cai

Y F

. Physiological responses and gene express to drought stress of Rhododendron delavayi Franch[D]. Kunming: Yunnan University, 2018: 15-17.

[8]

李苇洁, 陈训. 百里杜鹃森林公园马缨杜鹃种群结构与更新初步研究[J]. 贵州科学, 2005, 23(3): 46-49.

W J

, Chen

. A preliminary study on structure and regeneration of Rhododendron delavayi population in Baili Azalea Forest Park[J]. Guizhou Science, 2005, 23(3): 46-49.

[9]

蔡艳飞, 彭绿春, 宋杰, 等. 不同生长时期马缨杜鹃光合特性的变化及其主要影响因素[J]. 广西植物, 2022, 42(4): 617-627.

Cai

Y F

, Peng

L C

, Song

, et al. Variations of photosynthetic characteristics of Rhododendron delavayi in different growth phases and influencing factors[J]. Guihaia, 2022, 42(4): 617-627.

[10]

洪鲲, 张习敏, 乙引, 等. 营养元素对马缨杜鹃花芽发育和花期的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2010(21): 84-86.

Hong

, Zhang

X M

, Yi

, et al. Effect of nutrient elements on bud development and florescence of Rhododendron delavayi Franch[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2010(21): 84-86.

[11]

乙引, 张习敏, 陈训. 一种延迟野生马缨杜鹃开花时间的药液及其喷洒方法：CN102197814A[P]. 2011-09-28.

, Zhang

X M

, Chen

. A liquid agent for delaying the flowering time of wild Rhododendron delavayi and its spraying method: CN102197814A[P]. 2011-09-28.

[12]

岳保超, 汪蓉, 钟灵, 等. 植物生长调节剂对马樱杜鹃开花调控的影响[J]. 仲恺农业工程学院学报, 2016, 29(1): 1-5.

Yue

B C

, Wang

, Zhong

, et al. Effects of plant growth regulators on blooming of Rhododendron delavayi[J]. Journal of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 2016, 29(1): 1-5.

[13]

程雪梅, 何承忠, 周敏, 等. 不同浸种方式对马缨杜鹃种子发芽率的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2008(10): 106-109.

Cheng

X M

, He

C Z

, Zhou

, et al. Effects of different soaks on seed germination rate of Rhododendron delavayi Franch[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2008(10): 106-109.

[14]

段旭, 陈训, 赵洋毅. 马缨杜鹃种子萌发研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2007, 35(29): 9199-9200.

Duan

, Chen

, Zhao

Y Y

. Study on the seed germination of Rhododendron delavayi[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 35(29): 9199-9200.

[15]

周敏. 干旱胁迫下外源钙对马缨杜鹃种子萌发生理特性的影响[J]. 北京农业, 2014(21): 11-12.

Zhou

. Effects of exogenous calcium on physiological characteristics of Rhododendron camelliforme seed germination under drought stress[J]. Beijing Agriculture, 2014(21): 11-12.

[16]

周敏. 干旱胁迫下外源钙对伞花木和马缨杜鹃杜鹃种子萌发的影响[J]. 中国农业信息, 2014, 26(17): 27-28.

Zhou

. Effects of exogenous calcium on seed germination of umbrella and Rhododendron macranthoides under drought stress[J]. China Agricultural Information, 2014, 26(17): 27-28.

[17]

丁炳扬, 吴欢笑, 张慧明, 等. 浙江杜鹃花属植物种子形态及其分类学意义[J]. 西北植物学报, 1995, 15(6): 36-42.

Ding

B Y

, Wu

H X

, Zhang

H M

, et al. Seed morphology of Rhododendron L. (Ericaceae) from Zhejiang and its taxonomic significance[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 1995, 15(6): 36-42.

[18]

郭龙琴, 姜晓涵, 淮钒钰, 等. 不同种源百合花杜鹃种子性状和萌发特性差异研究[J]. 种子, 2024, 43(4): 111-116.

Guo

L Q

, Jiang

X H

, Huai

F Y

, et al. Study on the difference of seed traits and germination characteristics of Rhododendron liliiflorum from different provenances[J]. Seed, 2024, 43(4): 111-116.

[19]

周桂梅, 陈琳, 刘振兴, 等. 小豆种质资源农艺性状鉴定与综合评价[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2023, 51(21): 44-49.

Zhou

G M

, Chen

, Liu

Z X

, et al. Identification and comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits of adzuki bean germplasm resources[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 51(21): 44-49.

[20]

李玛, 谭淑文, 张怀辉, 等. 不同种源珠子参种子性状分析及综合评价[J]. 时珍国医国药, 2025, 36(12): 2293-2296.

, Tan

S W

, Zhang

H H

, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of seed traits and provenance-associated trait differences in Panax japonicas[J]. Journal of Li-Shizhen Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 36(12): 2293-2296.

[21]

邓毅晖, 罗婵, 刘宏, 等. 杜鹃花属植物种子性状及萌发特性[J]. 种子, 2022, 41(11): 125-129, 143.

Deng

Y H

, Luo

, Liu

, et al. Seed characters and germination characteristics of Rhododendron species[J]. Seed, 2022, 41(11): 125-129, 143.

[22]

李赢, 刘海翠, 石晓旭, 等. 398份裸大麦种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2023, 24(5): 1311-1320.

, Liu

H C

, Shi

X X

, et al. Phenotypic diversity analysis of 398 naked barley germplasm resources[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2023, 24(5): 1311-1320.

[23]

刘佳哲, 余小红, 陈乃健, 等. 濒危植物膝柄木果实特征和种子萌发特性[J]. 种子, 2024, 43(3): 90-95.

Liu

J Z

, Yu

X H

, Chen

N J

, et al. Fruit characters and seed germination characteristics of endangered plant Bhesa robusta[J]. Seed, 2024, 43(3): 90-95.

[24]

Venable

D L

, Brown

J S

. The selective interactions of dispersal, dormancy, and seed size as adaptations for reducing risk in variable environments[J]. The American Naturalist, 1988, 131(3): 360-384.

[25]

董鸣. 生态学透视：种群生态学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016: 68-82.

Dong

. Ecological perspective: population ecology[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016: 68-82.

[26]

Coomes

D A

, Grubb

P J

. Colonization, tolerance, competition and seed-size variation within functional groups[J]. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2003, 18(6): 283-291.

[27]

杨阳, 王海洋, 马立辉. 濒危植物树枫杜鹃的结实及种子萌发特性[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(10): 173-183.

Yang

, Wang

H Y

, Ma

L H

. Characteristics of fruiting and seed germination of endangered plant, Rhododendron changii[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(10): 173-183.

[28]

郑雷, 王化东, 崔丽, 等. 不同种源栝楼种子性状分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(8): 88-95.

Zheng

, Wang

H D

, Cui

, et al. Analysis on seed traits of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. from different provenances[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(8): 88-95.

[29]

逄宏扬, 李雪, 李红莉. 不同种源毛榛果实表型性状多样性分析与评价[J]. 分子植物育种, 2025, 23(7): 2330-2337.

Pang

H Y

, Li

H L

. Analysis and evaluation on diversity of fruit phenotypic traits of Corylus mandshurica from different provenances[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2025, 23(7): 2330-2337.

[30]

刘舒, 马正兵, 于晓丽, 等. 不同种源桃金娘表型性状多样性研究[J]. 广西植物, 2023, 43(10): 1932-1940.

Liu

, Ma

Z B

, Yu

X L

, et al. Diversity of phenotypic traits of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa from different provenances[J]. Guihaia, 2023, 43(10): 1932-1940.

[31]

哈雪, 张金青, 宋于笑, 等. 5份草地早熟禾种子产量性状相关指标综合评价与分析[J]. 中国草地学报, 2023, 45(12): 61-71.

, Zhang

J Q

, Song

Y X

, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of seed yield traits in five varieties of Kentucky bluegrass[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2023, 45(12): 61-71.

[32]

李天翔, 肖亚琴, 杨骏, 等. 不同种源花榈木种子表型性状变异分析[J]. 湖南林业科技, 2024, 51(1): 50-55.

T X

, Xiao

Y Q

, Yang

, et al. Variation analysis on seed phenotypic traits of Ormosia henryi from different provenances[J]. Hunan Forestry Science & Technology, 2024, 51(1): 50-55.

[33]

美朵卓嘎, 沈思凡, 曹福亮, 等. 不同种源江孜沙棘种子表型及萌发特性研究[J]. 种子, 2024, 43(9): 40-47.

Meiduozhuoga, Shen

S F

, Cao

F L

, et al. Study on seed phenotype and germination characteristics of different provenances of Hippophae gyantsensis[J]. Seed, 2024, 43(9): 40-47.

[34]

李识君, 张瑶瑶, 汪月凤, 等. 不同杜鹃属植物种子形态特征对萌发的影响[J]. 山地农业生物学报, 2024, 43(6): 77-86.

S J

, Zhang

Y Y

, Wang

Y F

, et al. Effects of seed morphological characteristics of different Rhododendron species on germination[J]. Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology, 2024, 43(6): 77-86.

[35]

李颖, 张树航, 郭燕, 等. 211份板栗种质资源花序表型多样性和聚类分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(22): 4667-4682.

, Zhang

S H

, Guo

, et al. Catkin phenotypic diversity and cluster analysis of 211 Chinese chestnut germplasms[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(22): 4667-4682.

[36]

董胜君, 王若溪, 张皓凯, 等. 不同种源东北杏果实表型性状多样性分析[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2020, 29(6): 42-50.

Dong

S J

, Wang

R X

, Zhang

H K

, et al. Analysis on diversity of fruit phenotypic characters of Armeniaca mandshurica from different provenances[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2020, 29(6): 42-50.

[37]

张翠琴, 姬志峰, 林丽丽, 等. 五角枫种群表型多样性[J]. 生态学报, 2015, 35(16): 5343-5352.

Zhang

C Q

, Ji

Z F

, Lin

L L

, et al. Phenotypic diversity of Acer mono Maxim population[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(16): 5343-5352.

[38]

高张莹, 张海峰, 陈国平, 等. 核桃楸种群果核形态及地理变异[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2017, 23(4): 609-615.

Gao

Z Y

, Zhang

H F

, Chen

G P

, et al. Fruit stone morphology and geographic variation in Juglans mandshurica populations[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 2017, 23(4): 609-615.

[39]

李鸿雁, 李俊, 黄帆, 等. 内蒙古78份葱属野生种表型遗传多样性分析[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2017, 18(4): 620-628.

H Y

, Li

, Huang

, et al. Phenotypic diversity of 78 accessions of wild Allium species in Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2017, 18(4): 620-628.

2026年第46卷第9期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.001

接收时间：2025-09-03
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-09-25

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2025-09-03
修回日期：2025-11-13

基金

贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般035)

国家林业和草原局第三批国家林木种质资源库建设项目(2021GZ01)

作者信息

^1a.贵州民族大学　生态环境工程学院，贵州　贵阳　550025

^1b.贵州民族大学　民族医药学院，贵州　贵阳　550025

^2.贵州省国有龙里林场，贵州　龙里　551202

通讯作者:

黄承玲（282148027@qq.com），教授，博士。

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/znlykj/CN/10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.09.001

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT