中南林业科技大学学报

基于木材力学特性的座椅结构优化设计

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邓伊均 ¹ , 胡景初 ²

中南林业科技大学学报 | 林业工程 2026,46(6): 223-230

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中南林业科技大学学报 |林业工程 2026 , 46 (6) : 223 -230

基于木材力学特性的座椅结构优化设计

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邓伊均¹, 胡景初²

作者信息

^1.湖南工业大学　包装设计艺术学院，湖南　株洲　412008

^2.中南林业科技大学，湖南　长沙　410004

通讯作者:

胡景初（hujingchu@163.com），教授，博士研究生导师。

作者简介:

邓伊均（120767504@qq.com），副教授，硕士。

Structural optimization design of seating based on the mechanical properties of wood

Yijun DENG¹, Jingchu HU²

Affiliations

^1.School of Packaging Design & Art, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412008, Hunan, China

^2.Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China

出版时间: 2026-06-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.021

文章导航

摘要

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【目的】

当前木制座椅普遍存在支撑性能不足、结构易变形和稳定性差等问题，影响使用体验和耐久性。为解决这些问题，提高木制座椅的结构性能和使用体验，本研究针对木材力学特性在座椅结构设计中的作用，并结合木材力学特性对座椅设计进行优化，提升座椅的承载能力、稳定性和材料利用率。

【方法】

系统分析不同木材（松木、橡木和榉木等）的抗压、抗弯和剪切强度等力学特性在座椅结构中的作用，并分析纹理方向及含水率对材料强度的影响规律；在此基础上，提出一种以力学性能为核心的优化设计方案，重点改进了座椅框架与座面的连接结构，增强整体支撑性能；随后，采用ANSYS软件进行计算机模拟，验证优化后结构的应力分布和稳定性，确保设计的合理性。

【结果】

通过实物样品测试，优化后的座椅在静态和动态负载下抗压效率提升了22%，椅背改造后支撑力提升了37%，人机工程学方面改进使腰椎压强降低超四分之一，材料刚度提升了19%，稳定性增益23%，证实了优化策略的有效性。优化设计减少了材料冗余，提高了木材利用率，兼具经济性和环保性。

【结论】

结合木材力学特性的结构优化方法可有效提升木制座椅的耐用性和舒适度，为家具设计提供科学依据。未来研究可进一步探索不同木材种类与结构设计的匹配优化，并结合新型材料（竹材和工程木等）拓展应用，为木制家具行业提供更高效、更环保的解决方案。

关键词

木材力学特性 / 座椅结构 / 计算机模拟 / 承载性能 / 材料变形

Abstract

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【Objective】

Current wooden chairs commonly suffer from insufficient support, structural deformation, and poor stability, negatively impacting user experience and durability. To address these issues and enhance the structural performance and usability of wooden chairs, this study investigates the critical role of wood's mechanical properties in chair design and proposes an optimized design based on these characteristics. The aim is to improve load-bearing capacity, stability, and material utilization efficiency.

【Method】

The compressive and flexural strength of different wood types (e.g., pine, oak, beech) was systematically analyzed, along with the influence of grain direction and moisture content on material strength. Based on these findings, a mechanics-driven optimization design was proposed, focusing on improving the connection structure between the chair frame and seat to enhance overall support. Finite element analysis (FEA) using ANSYS software was then conducted to simulate stress distribution and structural stability, ensuring design rationality.

【Result】

Physical prototype testing demonstrated that the optimized chair exhibited a 22% increase in compressive efficiency under static and dynamic loads, a 37% improvement in backrest support, and a reduction of over 25% in lumbar pressure due to ergonomic enhancements. Additionally, material stiffness increased by 19%, stability improved by 23%, validating the effectiveness of grain optimization strategies. The optimized design also minimized material waste, improving wood utilization while maintaining cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability.

【Conclusion】

Structural optimization based on wood's mechanical properties effectively enhances the durability and comfort of wooden chairs, providing a scientific foundation for furniture design. Future research could further explore the optimal pairing of different wood types with structural designs and incorporate sustainable materials (e.g., bamboo, engineered wood) to develop more efficient and eco-friendly solutions for the wooden furniture industry.

Key words

mechanical characteristics of wood / chair structure / computer simulation / load-bearing performance / material deformation

引用本文

邓伊均, 胡景初. 基于木材力学特性的座椅结构优化设计. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (6) : 223 -230 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.021

Yijun DENG, Jingchu HU. Structural optimization design of seating based on the mechanical properties of wood[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (6) : 223 -230 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.021

基金

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湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(22A0424)
湖南省教育科学研究工作者协会“十四五”规划课题(XJKX25B189)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(25C0377)

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2026年第46卷第6期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.021

接收时间：2025-06-08
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-06-25

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出版历史

收稿日期：2025-06-08
修回日期：2025-09-15

基金

湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(22A0424)

湖南省教育科学研究工作者协会“十四五”规划课题(XJKX25B189)

湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(25C0377)

作者信息

^1.湖南工业大学　包装设计艺术学院，湖南　株洲　412008

^2.中南林业科技大学，湖南　长沙　410004

通讯作者:

胡景初（hujingchu@163.com），教授，博士研究生导师。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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